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Tie Darty EXAMINER.

MARCH 6

LSS4.

Opening of the Legislature.

His Honor TuomAs Heatu Havi- LAND, Q. C., Lieut.-Goveruor, opened the Legislature of this Province at three o'clock this afternoon.

The ceremoty was attended by 8 large number of ladies and gentlemev. _

The guard of honor was composed of one hundred men drawn from No. 2 Battery of Garrison Artillery, the Char: lottetown Engineers, and the 82nd Bat- talion. It was headed by the band 0/| the 82nd Battalion, and commanded by | Capt. F. S. Moore.

A salute was fired from Fort Edward by a detaci:ment from No. 1 Battery. under command of Capt. Passmore.

The Speech delivered by His Houor on the occasion is as follows :—

SPEECH : Mr. President and Hon, Gentlemen of th

Legislative Council Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House of

Assembly.

It affords me much pleasure to meet you agaia and to solicit your advice and co-oper ation in the conduct of public business,

We have great cause to be thankful to God for the many blessings bestowed apon us dur- ing the past year. A bountiful harvest has rewarded the labors of our husbandmen, Uur fisheries have proved fairly renumerative, In the midst of a somewhat widespread com- mercial depression our trade has maintained a healthy tone, and our Province has been mercifully exempted from calamities which have devastated other portions of the world.

The departure feom Canada of our late Gov- ernor-General and his Royal partner has been the occasion of deep and universal regret. [a the appointment of so distinguished a states- man as the Marquis of Landsdowne to the Vice-regal office we have the fuliest assurance that the duties of that high positi.n will cen- tinue to be ably and wiselv discharged.

The Dominion Exhibition held at Saint Joha daring last autamn afforded our people an opportunity of entering into friend!y com- petition in the products of agticulture and general industry with their neighbors of the other Provinces. While I was gratified to observe, in every department, undoubted evi- deuces of substantal and general progress, it gave ms very great satisfaction to find that the exhibits from this Province had fuily sus- tained the honorable record gained for Prince Edward Island at former Domiaion Exinbi- tious.

The Provinciai Exhibition of last year, held at Charlottetown, was in every respect the best Exposition of agricaltaral productions which has yet been made in this Province, and the County Shows were highly successful.

The want of a manual for distribution con- trining infermation regarcing this Province has long ben te!t. My Government, therefore, very cheerfully complied with a re(nest made by the Marquis of Lorne, and caused a pam

hiet to be c mpited, which I am pleased to non has been favorably received. It will, | trust. be the means of making the great natural advantages of Prince Edward Island better known abroad, and of attracting suita- ble immigrants to our shores.

During the recess a representative of my Government visited Ottawa and conferred with the Dominion Cabinet respecting the claim of this Province to a refund o: the amount expended by the Governmeut of Prince Edward Island on public piers since ist July, 1873, and also regarding the future maintenance of these works by the Federal Government. A decision has been arrived at by the Government of Canada on these sub- jects. Papers relating to the same will be laid before you.

Oar Province still remains unprovided with that efficient and continuous steam service which was guaranteed by the articles of Con- federation. The loss to the people of this Island arising out of the non-fulfilment in this respect of the conditions of Union is of the most serious character. You will be asked to consider means by which justice to this Province may be secured,

Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House of

Assembly :

The accounts for the past year will be pre- sented to you.

The Estimates for the current year will be submitted to you; and, I trust, it will be found that they have been prepared with a due regard to economy, whilst at the same time amply providing for the most pressing needs of the Province, and for the efficiency of the es service in its various departments,

r. President and Honorable Gentlemen of

the Legislative Council.

Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen of the House of

Assembly,

Your attention will be invited to the con- sideration of severa! measures calcalated to promote the best interests of the people of this Province.

I now leave you to your important duties, in the full confidence that you will apply yourselves to their performance with earnest- ness and patri tism.

When His Honor concluded the Speech the members returned to the Assembly room,—

Mr. Richards, Bideford, was ther. in- troduced by Mr. S. F. Perry and Mr. Johu A Matheson.

Hon. Mr. Sullivan presented writ of elections for Fourth District of Queen's County. Mr Alex Martin, the newly- elected member for said district, was tnen introduced by Hos. Mr. Sullivan and Hou. Mr. Prowse, and took his seat

Hon. Mr. Sullivan introduced a bill to expedite trials, aud moved it be read a@ second time to-morrow.

A committee to draft a reply to His Hovor the Lieutenant-Governor's Speech was appoioted, viz., Blake, Martin. | Holland, McKay, McLean, MeDougall, Gillis.

\ comuittee to

Avcounuts

report ou Pubtie ere appointed, viz: Beniley,

MeLean, avd Martin.

Tae d ff+rent committees were ap- pointed. QOcher routine business was trausacted, and the House then adjourned.

Sup ott

—The Herald of yesterday states that) +

the Goverument claim agaiost the Bauk of P. E. island, is somewhere about $200,000. This is not correct. The, Government cloim has been filed for| $81,000. There is a case pending be- tween the Government aud the Bank of | Montreal for $30,000, which, if the’ Government lose it, will make heir

claim agaivet the detuuct Buuk that

jenergeta mariners and traders they were.

THE

DAILY BHXAMIN

ners IO

eve

“wR, MARCH 6,

much more. But the Government may ‘cepting the home bound East Indies fleet, | | wio the suit. If sothe claim will be the | of the Island of Ascension, and supplying | > ft

: ' ® ‘ it »3} rovision, and fruit. | |

amount stated, £01,000, on which two|* * h fresh pre ‘ | i + |

}

dividends of filteen per cent. each have |

been paid,

| wailing for the flect, leal account in catching the large turtles | that abounded there, which they also soid}

Even the time spent at the island, when

was turned to practi |

Thus, for over one hundred |

in their own vessels, and many of them

o to the ships, i ix BE. fr Vi U DA. years, the Bermudians traded successfully >

Another Interesting Letter from Rev. W. &. Frame.

>

\rrer the fall of the Bermuda Company, the Government of the Islands came under | the direct control of the English Crown, | which from that time to the present has | appointed all the governors, as well as the other principal officials.

A sketch of the political history of the} Colony might not prove uninteresting; but there is no room for it in this letter. | may just observe that there were numer- ous collisions between some of the Gover- nors and the House of Assembly. The latter seemed determined to stand up for its rights, and wes frequently dissolved, by the military gentlemen who held supreme rule, on the most frivolous pretexts.

The first Governor under the Crown was Sir Robert Robinson, who arrived in April 1687, and who at once summoned a new House of Assembly to meet in St George's in the following June.

What in 1612 was a small plantation of only sixty persons, had by this time grown into a colony with a population numbering several thousand.

The new order of things seemed ‘o infuse new life and energy into the people, aod the little group of islands now entered upon an era of great prosperity. It should be mentioned that at this time the question of slavery was the cause of considerable agi- tation in the Bermudas.

About the year 1616 the Bermuda Com- pany, when introducing the fig tree, pine apple, sugar cane, etc., from the Weat Indies, had also procured a number of slaves from the plantations there to aid in cultivating them. These slaves had largely increased when the company was dissolved, and a number of the planters, who had been virtually slaves themselves, felt indisposed to hold their fellow beings in slavery, even though they happened to possess a dark skin.

There were others, however, who justi- tied slavery on the ground that the negro) was not altogether a human being, though ‘developing’ in that direction.

It will, then, be interesting to any of your readers who may hold the Darwinean theory of the origin of man—to know that this theory was held in Bermuda more than a century before Mr. Darwin was born.

The negro was regarded as an animal, only about halfway between a monkey and aman, when he was to attain to full man- hood does not appear to have been cdeter- mined, at least the date is not given. In these old times the monkey seems to have regarded as the starting point or “origin” of the race, but it is my impres- sion that this theory, like so many other things, has heen improved, and largely ‘‘developed” in modern times. It seems to me, theugh I am writing only from memory, that the Monad is new regarded a3 the origin of the race, and that when, by a process of ‘“‘evolution,” (understood only by Mr. Darwin’s desciples) it has at- tained so high a position in the scale of being as the monkey— it is to be viewed as a very respectable personage, and bound to ‘survive’ and further ‘‘develop,” provided that it belongs to the class of the ‘‘fittest.” I may add that the question, asto whether the negro slave is a human being, was at this time discussed in the Bermuda House of Assembly with much ability and at great length. The House, without stating in terms that the negro was to be regarded only as an animal, (politicians are generally cautious in their statements) came sub- stantially to this conclusion by resolving: ‘that he was not a proper subject for baptism.”

{ am pleased to note that the Clergy, as might be supposed, held more enlightened views on the subject than the representatives of the people in Parliament assembled. The action of the Assembly seems to have eased if not quieted, the consciences of those who had doubts as to the lawfulness of slavery, and from this time we hear nothing more on the subject.

Those of the slaves that shewed aptitude for mechanical work were trained to be stone-cutiers and builders. It was during this prosperous period on which the islands were just now entering that most of those fine o!d mansions, with their massive orna- mental stone gateways—reminding one of the ‘‘Old Country”—were erected. These still substantial and often elegant residences, many of wi ¢» havestood the storms of two centuries; attest the skill of those whose hands erected them—slaves though they were,

Most of the white population, who hith- erto had been planters, now entered on maritime pursuits, leaving the inferior of the slaves—male and female—to look after the plantations and cultivate the soil. Whale fishing, which, under the old regime, had been practically prohibited, was now successfully prosecuted, and for many years proved a lucrative business. The large quantities of cedar growing on the Islands, and that had been so sacredly preserved by the old Company, were now cut down and used for shipbuilding purposes, and most durable were the vessels buiit of this Bermuda cedar.

At one time there were oo legs than sixty vessels, all built and owned in Berjnnda, manned by Bermudians~—and very

been

. ? ana

For pearly «a century they carried on a lneraive trade with the old colonies, which now form part of the United State 8; and,

acquired much wealth. revolution had so long enjoyed, worse, and gradually drew to a close. ship building industry, for want of timber, | came practically toan end, and the carry- |

i the

' ment of the slaves for many years, had been

After the American the ‘good times,” which they took a change for the

The

ing trade was now divided up between | American vessels, and those belenging to Maritime Provinces. The plantations,

which had been left to the care and manage-

very poorly worked, and were literally *‘run out.

The fruit trees and vines, partially, no doubt, through neglect of pruning, and also on account of disease, became nearly ex- tinct. Then this backward state of things which had been going on for many years was further increased by the emancipation of the slaves on August Ist, 1834. They then numbered in the Bermudas between four and five thongand, and their owners received only £7 sterling per head as a compensation from the Imperial Govern ment.

[ may here mention that Bermuda also suffered greatly by the disastrous fire which occurred in the city of New York in the following year. Many of her wealthy men had invested nearly all their capital in the stock of New York fire insurance com- panies, and when the fire came they fourd themselves in the saine plight as the share- holders of a certain bank of which your veaders have all heard. With regard to the actual condition of the Bermuda slave

—while the system must ever be condemn-

ed—yet it is admitted by all that the Ber- mudians were very kind and indulgent masters, and that the slave was much better off, and had many more comforts, than the millions of down trodden laborers in Great Britain and [reland, whose practical slavery was quite overlooked by Clarkson and Wil- berforce in their zeal for the emancipation of the colored man.

The sudden emancipation of the slaves in the Bermudas, though right in itself, prov- ed a great injury to the islands, if not to the slaves themselves. The fault, however, lay in the system, which has eventually proved a curse to every country which has had

slaves,

—HAV K—~

FOR THE PRESENT, IN

Store formerly occupied by H..A. Harvie,

SINESS |

THK

QUEEN STREET, NEARLY OPPOSITE WATSON’S DRUG STORE.

Ch’town, March 6, 1884.—dy wkly

ROVAL GANADIAN INSURANCE CO. FIRE.

CAPITVA L, - -~ - ~~ - - -

0

HEAD OFFICEKE—Montreal. HALIFAX BRANCH - J. Scott Mitchell, Agent.

—_—— —— (1) =

Risks Taken on Most Favorable ‘Terms. AGENT FOR PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND:

F. H. ARNAUD,

Merchants Bank of Halifax.

$2,000,000

Ch’town, Feb. 27, 1884.

CHARLOTIETOWN BOT ND SHOE FACTORY.

7

New Price 70 cents; Old Price, $1,

-——— ()-

GREAT. RMRBDVTCTION ;

A aad

To most of the slaves, emancipation simply meant liberty to work or not to work, as they might choose; and it is need- less to say that sm far as practicable they generally preferred the latter. Notwith- standing all the praise heaped on colored man by such writers as Mrs. Stowe, there is no doubt that, as a general rule, he is essentially a very easy yoing individual, and would never of his own motion become o slave either to himself or his calling, much less to another person. I have carefully watched them working on their plantations here, and have oDserved their methods ot work, and «m quite of opinion that one en- ergetic P. E. Island farmer would do about as much as half a dozen of them.

When emancipation came, the Bermuda plantations went still further back, the blacks could not he compelled to work, and the white people would not do the kind of work which the slave had formerly done.

It is ove of the incidental evils of slavery that wherever it exists or has eXisted, there is always the idea among the whites that manual labor is deygrading—something which the slaves did and which should only be done by slaves.

When the shipbuilding and earrying trade of the islands ceased there was little else left for the Bermudians except to work the plantations; but this, however, thcy could not bring themselves to do, for such was the proper work of the blacks, and had formerly been done by the most men- ial of the slaves.

Even to the present day this notion largely prevails, and the average young Bermudian—though there are exceptions— will prefer leaving home and going into a shop or saloon in an American city rather than till his own soil; and the result of all this is that the farming or planting is chiefly done by a secondary class of per- sons, including the blacks, who are scarce ever out of the hands of the merchants, and who, when the shipping time comes, are generally victimized by ‘‘middle men” here, and ‘‘rings” in New York,

I am living near some English and Irish planters, men who have no such idea of the dishonor of labor, and who are neither afraid nor ashamed to work with their own hands, and the vesult is—it could hardly be otherwise—they are prosperous, for, with all their drawbacks, the Ber- mudas possess a soil and a climate perhaps unequalled by any other spot on the globe,

W. R. F.

East Warwick. Feb. 23, 1884.

P. S.—I rejoice to hear of the great temperance victory in Prince County.

the

Our Advertisers.

John Maceachern is desirous of letting

several roomg suitable for offices in his new building on Queen Street,

W. & A. Brown & Co. have resumed business in the store lately cecupied by Mr. H. A. Harvie, on Queen Street, where they

solicit a share of patronage.

G. H. Haszard can now be found at Des Brisay’s old stand, Queen Street, where he is offering stationery of every descrip-

tign at greatly reduced prices.

Jas. DesBrisay wanjg a purchaser for the premises known as 83 Queen Btregi building is large and commodious, centrality |

as soon as Nova Scotia waz settled, thev traced with ber until her own vessels (ook | up the trade themsgtves, For fully a ec n-| tury and a half they earried alt and other | Ws st [udia pr duce to Newfoundland, and | brought away large qaantiiies of fish,

Jt mav here be stated that Turk’s Island, } though q@git hundred miles south of thea, | was originally settled by Bermudians, and | t is also claimed that they were| the first to discover its value ige the pro | ductign of salt, and that they ectual)s originated ‘the business” there, Pe

salt

this 2a it may, it is clear that for fully aj

century they monopolised the galt business on Terk’s Island, and in their own veeselg | carried ihe s«Jt to the most profitable |

located, and i8 in every respect a very desirable busiucss stand,

doin Maceachern is the agent for the Istana for the Roya, Git or L I d mM and

the London #wud Lancashire losarance r es Companies. His efice is on Queen Sirect,

wear $V aison’s Drny Store.

W. A. Weeks g Go. are now holding a great sale of white cottons and sheetings. Persons desiring anything in these jines ave invited to call and insoect the gouds and prices at the “Sign of the Lion,

QUEEN STREET,

eee

markets. To show the enterprise of these | FFICES TO LET—ENSUITE AND “‘areeut mariners” it:may be mentioned DETACHED,

that for many years they carried on a curi-|

ous, yet very pryitable, business in inter-

J, MACKACHERN Ch'tuwa, March 9—2i

1 he

. —--O--— | (} PER CENT. DISCOUNT on 200 pairs of Ladies’ OIL | GOAT and FRENCH KID BUTTON BOOTS.

NOW IS YOUR TIME. Only until the 20th of March. Come early and you will get the best selection. Also other varieties cheap. Call before buying elsewhere.

DORSEY, GOFF & CO.

Ch’town, Feb. 27, 1884.—eod wkly

DESBRISAY & ANGUS,

AGENTS OF (HE

QUEER AND AGRICULTURAL INSUGARCE COMPANIES,

\V HILE thanking the Citizens of Charlottetown for their ‘Y past patronage, and assistance during the late fire, have to announce that they’ have taken the office in

stevenson’s Building,

CORNER QUEEN AND SYDNEY STREETS, Where they are prepared. Miprpusiness.

Ch’town, Feb. 22, ivé¢.

PoE ETE etre pe en

GREAT SALE OF wew Cottons.

We have just opened a large Stock of

ENGLISH AND AMERICAN PRINTS, NEW SPRING STYLES, Received Before the Advance in Duty.

—0.—

We have an immense stock of

GREY AND WHITE COTTONS,

Purcbased when the Cotton market was at the lowest point of depression,

ficecy Cottons, sheeting Cettens, Villow Cottons,

TABLE LENEN AND NAPKINS, ‘Towels and Teowelling,

[iPSTAY, SCOTCH ARO BAUSSILS CAPES,

And other House Furnishing Ggods. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, GEO. DAVIES & GO.

Ch’town, Feb. 11, 1884.

—

CHEAP SALE

WHITE GOTTONS

CPE RTA | Dbidsie t Lo Ge,

E w:ll hold a Special Cheap Sale of the remainder of our stock of

\\ White Cottons and Sheetings,

During Tiis Month Only,

to make room for ovr New Stock, now at Pictou. Lacies about to Luy should see those goods. They are fresh and gocd, and the

PRICES ATE BONA FIDE,

AND BEING

BELOW THE Guar,

to clear ouf, must command a rapid sale,

Lot 1, 800 yds. at 33 cts; regular price, 6 cts.

Lot 2, 1,225 yds., stout English Cotton, at 54 cts ; former price, 9 cts.

Lot 3, 1,400 yds., 35-inch wide, at 9 cts.; former price, 12 ets,

Lot 4, 1,800 yds., 56-inch, at 11 cts.; former price, 15 cts,

Lot 5, 600 yds., 36-inch, heavy English night-gown Cotton, at 15 ct+.; former price, 20 cts,

WILL ALSO OFFER

Grey Cottons, lickings, Sheet-

ings, Pillow Cottons, &¢,

AT A BIG REDUCTIGN,

FOR CASH ONLY.

Wed, WEERS & G0,

Siga of the Lion,

Ch’town, Marcel 6 1334,--eod wkly,

C. 4. HASZARD

t AS, since the fire, opencd bts St tionery Store in

Mr. Jams DesBrisiy’s Gil Stang,

where you w'!l get the very best of

STATIONERY,

in small and large lots, at

treatiy Reduced Prices.

choc! Books, Marked Very Low.

World's Standard Library Scries, Poets, and other Standard Books,

SELLING AT COST.

Now is the time to get valuable BOOKS ata GREAT BARGAIN,

INGLIS IN URARCECOS

“City of London,” * London aud { ancashire,”

J. MAGEACHERY,

jAgeut for P £, Island, Ch’jown, March 6—?j

WANES, LOST, FOUND, de. W ANTED—A GIRL for quasvel house-

7 work in a family of three, Apply at pars. ¢ roskill’s, £ leasant Street. (swar6 tf

\ } ANTED—A BvY to drive Bread Sleigh

attend a horse, etc. Must have ood refevences.—J. Quirk, City Steam: Bakery. _ {war6 3i

\' TANTED—Atst the Hospital for the In- Y « wie, & Female Attendant, to whom liberal wales will be paid. Apply atone. _ {maid 3i

W ANTED—iwo Furnished Rocwe, with use of Kitchen, for a small family, ™

a pivate house. Apply, by ietter, to. ‘A. & C.,.”” this office. ij {mats aed Ul initaatamimaniiiieg ial a i

WIERVANT WANTED—Onve willing 16 s nurse, No washing or ironing. Apply before two or after seven p. m, ~ M&S. O’MearRA, Pleasant Street, [mars OsT—Op Sunday evening, a Gold Brace let. he finder will be rewarded

heaving it at Tax ExamMiver Orgice—

’ [mar 3 6i pd

rg O LET—The Union Hovse Barler Shop, on Queen Street, including Furmtare, etc. Immediate possession will be give Terms mvderate, Apply at this offive,