f

E7idening Educational Horizons

r foreword thls'week is an by Miss Helen Yeo. .Ed.. ,. the Teacher Training Deput- nfeng of Prince of Wales College. M'1 , Yeo is endeavo ing to show mt llhaw and why" of teaching he Langulgc Arts, for as she ' ., "the mastery of language is ': .31”; importance to all, for :9” nnguage depends mastery 0. .11 other subjects. A mastery of our native language is essential .0, me individual if he is to take in. place in society."

nur Iuigusso Procrnm

Ou article

-1-... Language Arts consist of main divisions: Listening,

izigking. reading. and writing. No (me of these art: can be taught

1.. isolation but each is closely re- liteci to or integrated in the ..ho1e pattern of language. This plan relationship, or interweav- ...g, is evident when we study my one or two phases, vlz.. speak- mg and writing, or composition, oral and written.

when we teach composition. .i-ere are three essentials for iiliich we must provide:

1, Having something to say.

7, Keeping the audience or iradcr in mind.

1, Dcicloping skill to express ,4.-.-is clearly and effectively.

gm-ss is often laid upon the

.i nf these essentials: teaching

, - form. However, a student siit know the correct lciter .i:ii liiit neglect another factor

..v greater importance, that of thc ii-quglll contained in the body of we lclicr. is not the cargo more important than the ship? in today's program of studies. pi-oiision must be made for the lirst of these essentials: the idea. r' liaiiiig something to say. For iii-.: irason many of the so-callcd :i'i-ills" may be neccssaiy: the in- .';iiiial conversation, drnniatic play. 3.. projects. club activities. ex- tl'fal(ll'lS. These activities should simiulale the pupils to hear and yr morc clearly. The Silb.lC(” m:-.lcriai for composition is thcn at hand: and there is no sense of iriilii-iality in choice. liaving (gnu-thing to say is the first cs- ztntial. it is an essential at all loicls. from Grade I to Grade XI 0" Xll. O O O

'i'lic cfficicnt school consideis liif' second essential: keeping the n”fiiftllCfl in mind. There must be 1 pul'l)t'h'C for speaking and writ-

lnr the purpose determine; . ii sziiil iind how it. is said. 'l'lic pupil must learn that his uni-l; lS successful only" in so far ii. iii: dircctlons can he follow- ul. his explanations understood, ll Iii: story cnjoycd. Tlic third csscntial drmand;

ability to follow accepted pai- '-ms or speech and to use word: Ntvclixcly. The development of iiiis skill, the ability in use words 'n patterns. must begin in Grade I il'ili”l'e" the teacher builds upon 'ill' i-liild's pro-sclionl training. The .-uni. at. first. is to encourage mr and flucncy in conversation ”.lil Ieachcr and classmates spcccli training is an integral

wt of the reading program. of iizr ll'lliln'lCfiC, and of art work.

H lwi r informal l"()fH'( rsatiori .3 W-vi-i iirccssaiw. Thinking is thc mi: of all language work. I

lsrti. Before the first "ifl' the child is writing his tiny l-,tini::

Pnicr

We miss you at school.

ttniiio back soon.

'li!ic thoughts are -sincerely ex- r'r.:-crl in sentences with cap- iul lctlcrs and periods. This is

we brginnlng of written composi-

.nii and of grammar. functional. :i-niiiziiar. Usually the little let- MS or stories are written with lie tcnL'ilCr'! help, as group com- aasiiions. Occasionally, there H l'.iilVl(illhi work. The Grade I lnlrl lcarns to say:

Tlicrc is It brush.

Tlicrr are two rulcrs.

ilc is nbscrving thc rulc: iii: iriii agrees with its subject In r-uiiilier. This type of training wntinucs throughout the first three icars. oral language receiv- W thc greatest emphasis. Writ- ”fl iimli should be carefully nipriiiwd for correct spelling Ird lrziblc writing. In a pro- Emu of studies for schools of F-nzland we find this statement: llriltrn composition is generally lwzun too soon and practised loo often.

In the intermediate grades oral mi written expression continues in-he correlated with reading. vicial studies, arithmetic. etc. At this level. the pupils are given more specific training in the lltlil! necessary for good speech liid writing. Not only good sent-

ences but also good paragraphs

j siipplemcntuigv i.nilcrn procedures are truly prac- ycar s.

M

The following passage was writ- ten recently by a Grade IV child. A Home In The Jungle

In the jungle in South America the weather is hot and wet. The people here need homes to keep out the sun and rain A home in the jungle is not very large. This is how it is madef The roof is made of palm leaves layed much like shingles. The sides of the house are made of palm leaves woven all together. There is only one room in the house. severl familys live in this room. Each family takes their own part of the room and lives in it.

This is the first draft of the report before it was corrected with the teacher's help. Notice three misspellings, but notice also the sentence structure and the coherence.

This report is part of a unit of work which included: guided reading in the basic readers in school only: organized aoclal stu- dies to correlate with the read- ing lessons, organized study and practise of the skills. essential in writing reports: the making of a toy museum. showing houses in other lands. Supplementary read- ing brought discussion and writ- trn reports. Dramatic play gave thc children opportunity to ox- prcss with originality new ideas. Such activities are essential in a wcll-rounded program.

The following excerpt is taken from a letter received from in Grade VI pupil. She describes a class cxcursion to the woods:

". . . Our trip p':is morc sud: re-ssful than we nail planned. Would you like to know wliy? We brought home many of the things on our list and somethinr;

itrning a couple of weeks later, one of the snakes hart disappear-. ed. and we did not find it yet: Our teacher says there will be n- piize for the best mystery storyl of 'Slithcry Tini'.”

This little girl. like hcr class-i mates. participated i'i n varictyi o! class activities: liikcs. radio programs, choral rcodin.-.:, and dramatizations. HDWCVCF, her let- tei shows that the ianguige pro- gram was well-balnnccd. Correct letter form and good patterns of written speech were characteristic

loivcd the plan of study and prac- tisc found in the iccommcndcci modern texts.

In the school of today are many "guides" to help in thcl touching of the various phases all language work.

These guides have been i-iirc-. fully prepared by lcrichers who; liavc studied and mpcrimentc-I;

in specialized fields. If thc plan. suggested are followed consis'.- crtly. the child in Grade IV reads cxtcnsivcly and independently. llc learns to usc the dictionary for meaning and pronunciation. Th.- iiuthorizctl i-pcller carries cxcrciscs similar to those found in "thc rc- latcd practise" or drill exorcise; which are an essential part of thc rcading program. This rca(lin:: program includes a variety of correlated activities: all rcnding;

and music: dramatic play; mak- ing reports; letter writing. Many modern language texts

provide well-organized work for the teaching of the skills neces- sary for clear and effective ox-

prcssion. These texts are the rc- sult of much research and experi- menting, in classrooms. During

the first five years of school the drill is centered on the correct. use of words and on the concept of a sentence. In Grade Vi grammatical terms are introduced:

subject. predicate, and parts of speech. in Grades VII and Vlll the teaching of grammatical

terms and concepts is given fl more prominent part of the pro-

gram. but it is only a part of n program. It should not be non- sltiercd ll separate subject. Form should never be considered thc uitlmate aim. but emphasis put on the logic of idea.

The plan falls into this pat-

tern: composition - grammar - compositlon. When the pupil has experience in working with words, he is asked to criticize and study the reasons for using certain forms. At the end of a grammar period must come opportunity to use the skill in speech and writ- ing. The ability to recognize subordinate conjunctions is of Milo value unless those conjunc- tions are used with precision in sentences. A knowledge of clauses and phrases is of value when the pupil learns to use them in clear concise sentences. Grammar he- ccmes practical when it is taught

"ll be written in these grades.

....

not merely for use but in use.

n-are---two big snakes rind a babv work fmwafldce Segjiiieij

sr-akc! I assure you we had mid ii? "Sling or r p I if

many visitors that (lay. ""5 "55”"" . . . "When we came .0 Nags mvl 4:. llc-affirmation tliit thc ixoilh

x

This approach is sometimes called "functional grammar"; that is. grammar which has been made : thinking process, not I mechan- it-al meaningless drill; grammar which shows what words do and can be made to do.

Then many phases of I lan- guage program are accepted as essential, not only throughout our own continent. but also in Eng- land. The following passages are quoted from -Schemes of Work and Crganizatlon for the secondary modern school of England:

”You must provide for experi- ence with speaking. conveying messages. debating and discussion. reading for information and enjoy- rr.cnt. acting, expression in writ- ing."

"The project and topic research work by individuals and groups affords plenty of scope for writ- ten work and help during the English lesson."

Our language. English. is our channel of communication. we must; keep this channel open.

Bermuda Conference.

The conference of the "Big

Three". Prime Minister Sir Win- st:-n Churchill. Britain; President Eisenhower. United States; and Premier Joseph Lanicl, France; uhich met in Bermuda from De- cember 4 to 7, issued the follow- ing communique at the conclusion of their conference: p

l. The unity of purpose of thc thrcc cotintrics was crinfirnicd.

2. Confidencr of the unilcd strcngth of thc thrcc was con- firmed and the resolution to main- tain joint effort to perfect it.

.1. Dedication of themselves to

Atlantic Treaty is and will rc- mnin the foundation of their coni- nion policy was made.

5. Re-affirmation that the Eu- rupenn Dcfcncc Comniunity is ncedcd was rnadc.

ii. Exoniiiiatioii of thc Sovir-t note for a four power meeting in Berlin and agrccnicnt on thc tcxl. of thc answering note was madc.

7. Review of the situation in

firm: GUARDIAN.

exercised in public. Every time a teacher says. ”I'm just a teach- er." he discounts the importance

of his work and destroys the public goodwill which career teachers try to create. There are

thousands of teachers who know that the job they do is the most important and the most satisfying

in society. They must writiie when they see the unjustified humility of some of their col-

leagues. After all, teaching is the mother of all professions and i'. should enjoy the pride and loyalty of those who are its mem- bers. (The A.T.A. Magazine). i O O O

This department is conducted by the Prince Edward Islanil Teachcrs' Federation. Contribu- tions are welcomed and should be sent to Estelle Bowiicss. Gcnz-i':il Secretary, 98 Prince St., Char-i

lottetown.

Savage Harboiir and Vicinity

Mrs R. C. Clark of Mt. Stewart,

CEIARLUTTETOVVN

Georgetown and Vicinity

being.

visitor to Charlottetown. fcommercim

business visitor to Georgetown. iimmd Cm"33e

visitor to Charlottetown.

Mr. and Mrs. recently motored to Montague.

cent; week-end visitor to Char-il””Ch'

lottetown. i Mr. Jerome

Road. was a recent visitor

Georgetown iii the iiiterest of theiaadi” Siatmnr d an

idaily on Newscasts and Commercials. Captain and Mm Thumas -I-,.,.n-i'r(i those who have heard Mr. Coii- holm were rci-em. visitors to theilm" 3” 35 3ml0UT1CE1' End IITHSEI

firm he represents. WWW: N 8.

city. pol ceremonies

Mrs. Jaines Caldwell

and lower temperatures have dark- ened hopes. at least for the time

. . 'A pleasant evening was spent M” wmred prosper was I "ccmut. the home of Mr. Wesley Moore.

Road gpp lirom Georgetown,' Mr. John Hog.” W” p recent Peters Road. met for an old-fuh-

lmeeting opened with a sing-song Mr. Clarence David was a recentlled by M" MW" and ML Willard Macbean. Then followed scripture reading by Mr. Harvey Black” a session of prayer and duets by lMl'. Moore and his daughter-iii-law, Mrs. Harvey Moore. After the ser- Mrs. Stephen Landry was a re-Vice M”v M00” "Wed 0 d91'Ci0u5

7 ..J;.. Mr. Willard MacLcau of Pelcris G99"-'9i0ll'" ”?Ce"”Y mlpositioii as an announcer with the

hold in Georgetown, it comes taxi and smwno surprise that he has taken his James of Charlotetoiin are guesi.s1m3W DOSWDH in stride and possesses

when groups 'Mr. and Mrs.

Montague and

prayer meeting. The r ottetown, where

Stanley Straight and

North, after months in Montague.

Coudon of

accepted a em

North. guuts of Mr. parents. Mr.

CKEC, at New Glas- Llewellyn.

has been heard

at various fllllcliulls

I I A series of

Murray Harbour North

William Gra- ham, aocompanled by the form- er's mother. Mrs. Margaret ham. were recent. vlaltors to Char- they were

guests of Mrs. Thomas Miller.

Mrs. Nettie Millar has returned to her home at Murray Harbour spending

Mr. Hiram Lecco, Mr. and Mrs. Irving Llewellyn and young son. Malcolm. Reads Corner, were rec- visltora to Murray

and Mrs.

card parties liave.l been held throughout the winter

rAGE NINE

to Murray Harbour North rec- IJUY where they spent several days visiting the lattcria mother, Mrs Mpggle Htgginbotham.

Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Viinldan siine nf Peters Road. motored to Borden on March 14. They were accompanied by their son. Carter and his friend, Ronnie Samar: who were returning to Springhill, N 5., sfter spending the week-

Gra- the

The Murray Harbor North Wu- men's Institute recently purchased in new teachers desk and chair for the school which is much ap- preciated by both teacher and pupil. . A0.

Harbor Llewell,vn's Herbert

The many friends of Mr. Thom-; ......M. I as Clow were sorry to hear of his injury while working in the wooils and wish him a speedy recovery:

S0l'RlS LINE ROAD S()l'TH SCHOOL

(Report for Feliruary) Grade VIIAl, Katlieriuc Kears.

. ' - l ' di . . , lLeftF;';c1:r;tly on an extended visit.i;l;r:4r;ieg:::vit1:;g:ienLs' MI" and:R..31::Si2gG:",g(:,u;';:eRr:i:m":)';J5; in the Peters Road 'Alma" School Grade V--l. Kenneth MacDon- o . - - i . - : e - . - . . . .-pp: llmwmg daily in increasing "mm which have proved rnvost eixvoy aid, 2. Oeitiuile Buslici. M Rt R f Mt St rt Mr and Mrs Warren Bzikcr and bers to this station but are also a.ble'. La7"'.Vieek'-s mu-'6 Winners Grade Iv im-L DOW” Mud wasmia lvlasit.oi?seto0 Ch rlottgvm-tiifamiliy recently. motored to lvlui-rayi wisliinsz him success in his new viere' Ladle5' Dorm WHEN: Karim MECAUKEV during the week a ovHiHarbour where thev iiere tiieilield of endeavour. 1tRu55911.I'7gh:'I5t0n ind 00nS0lHi-1011 Grad-e IV tBi-l. Jniiics Keara; : ' A 0 Hi u er. 2. Merlin Longapliie. guests of relatives and me ds. l -AC.i '

.M., and M” ,..,.o.d ...,.L,,.Ni gm- " l - -....h , mend, of M” MUN,” lg-rude IV icv--L Non MacDon- of Mt. Stewart. wore recent vis- l ' M311 Lavem R N. M Hm SOPRIS W. H. S. i"Ma,'!Rlc-'.' Hllltzinbotiiain are sorry ldmdr III-l M'll'E'll'Ft M'i('Alli- itprs to Charlottetown. where they NUFS 1'; Sill” Of U18 KIHZS COUHLV ””m 1., hear 511,. 1. confjned to ....l .. B L V1 i . J .L new the guests of M1. and Mrs lmcmg,-131 Hospital Mommuc ..,.5l Thc Marcli lllCI'llll,'! of St. James 1 d , ii ,- '. '3' ' Hy i M ”””m' U” m Charles Crawford . . R week-Md visitdr IO hgr homo United Church sou”; W V! S Nome ue o lness and Vtlsh hci Macxmmm.

.s;M ilu Georgetown. lllias held at the home, of R: 3 speedy and Complete recover)" Gude H (A)'Tl' Gcmld Km”: Miss Eileen Jay. R.N.. of Clia'.'- M w-- - lfh iiggcifcnzi? 0” March, 5' '1??? Following the regular meeting 2'Gl.'.I..a..r.'.Wfrt .i;e,r:a.Id',.mm. MM? loltctown. spent the week-end mi '- "mi M” ”i"'V9.'v' Blacks”-i " or l” s””" of Mrs”? or the Y. P. s, on March 10 ink ' i ” Mt. Stewart. where she was th.-lwhile walking on the Cai'digaiiirlrl')-:1 Illir-dcliitircli Iii!'PliciiidHome'l,lmPmb"5 adjourned M U". 10C31.D(g1l:i:; I (M 1 John BMW”! - -p 1 .F R (if d p . 3 l'('Sl cll p"!-sirer an 3 - . , , f ” ' , l ' " y' i' i ' it i ' ” ll” 9”-i95'c”' Donald; 2. John MacDonald. 3.

valued member of the staff nf'

the Polyclinic, Charlottetown.

Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Glover of; l

Chzirlottctoian. were rcceiit i-is-. itors to Mt. Stewart. where they were the guests of relatives.

The mziiiy fricnds of Mrs. Georg.- Lcard are more than pleased thzit she has recovered from her rec- cnt illncss and is able to he a- bout again as Usulli.

M4.

Mr. Rflfl Mrs. Guy Glover of Charlottetown, visited Mt. Stew- art. on March '7. where they wrrc the guests of relatives.

the Far East brought forth two policies: (al Korean: Work for the con-

vening of a Korean political coii-,

o.' the letters written by all mciii-lxorrcrai? (f'O"ndd”'i2rc” reiitomiion om bus of her "Gun The Class ML thi lndo-China: Comincnilatiori;

of French and lflflfl-Cilllltl Slfltlfi agoiiist thc comniunisla there and a pledge to work to':(lhcr to re- storc peace and stability in the such.

8. Solidarity of the has re-affirmed.

Nnto Mcctliig

Big Threc

The chief purpose of Nato is for help its members work together to protect western Europe and thc wcstcrn hemisphere from attack. Of course the NATO countric: hcpc tlicy won't. be nttzickcd. Bu? tlscy hclicvc that if they arc. thcv

will hc hcttcr off hccausc thcv have planned their dcfcnccs to- gather.

Thcy hope that their team- work will discourage any ntlicr

thinking about star'-

Thot IS why the nrganization is building: fighting forces on land and son. Today there are thirteen nations linked together in Nato. They are Crin- ada, Britain. Francc, United States, Belgium, the Ncilicrlands. Luxem- bourg, Denmark. Norway, Portugu'. italy, Greece. Turkey and ice- land. Grcccc and Turkey were invited to join in 1951.

nation from ing trouhlc.

The ffomniomvcnltlt of Nations

Though Quccn Elizabeth is head of the Commonwealth it is not a single nation. it is a family of

self-governing countries and the lzind that those countries rulc. Britain is the only one that has

vcry much hind outsidc its hord- ers.

Thc quccn. hersclf, docs not govern any commonwealth lands, not even her own Britain. In each of the self-governing mem- bers. voters elect their own law- lT.lIl(DrS. Queen Elizabctli simply acts as head of the family with- out trying to boss any of the members.

Here is a list of self-govern- ing members with population:

India. 357,000,000: Canada, 15.- 000.000; Ceylon. 8.000.000: Pakistan,

75,000,000 South Africa. 13.- 000.000; New Zcaln.-id. 2,000,000; United Kingdom. 5(),OO0.000,' Aus- tralia. 9.000.000.

Teachers, Toke (Tare

The practice of self-criticism and abasement may be commend- able enough as a private mental exercise. but it should not bc

There Ought To Be A Law

By Fagaly And Shorten

IOUONT A P! READY IN A JIFFY!

TAKE if nevi I rust . esouae COOKER! l'l.i. HAV: IT

Miss Alice Garnum of M1. Stew- art. is spending an enjoyable holi- day zit Halifax. NS. where she is thc guest or her izranri-motlici: Mrs. Thomas Ray.

Kenneth Gunu, son of Mr. and Mrs. Lester Gunn. Savage Har- bour, is sick nt his home. This is most iinplcasniit news for his playniates who miss him alot and hope he will bc back with them again roon.

Mr Gerald Jay of the crew of the M. V. Abegwolt, has return- cd to his duties at Bordon after spending a most enjoy.-iblc hall- fi'Iy with his wifc and family at Mt. Stcvxart.

Afflcck, of Char-l the wcck-cnrl at she was the Mar-

Jean lottetoivn. spent Mt. Stewart. where gucst of her mother- Mrs. garct Affleck.

Miss

The iniiiiy il'iEll.'iS of Mrs. John MacAskill. Mt, Stewart, are sorry to learn of her continued lllncss. All join in the hope that Mrs. M:icAskill will shortly be restored to her full nictisure of health.

Mr. Kenneth Jay who has been a patient in the Prince. Edward Island Hospital returned to his home at Mt. Stewart on Siinclny. Kcnnetlfs many fricmls are h'-onv to have him back with them fully restored to health.

The many friends of Mr. Pius MacDonald, "well-known straw- berry grower of Mt. Stewart, will bf. sorry to learn that he has been obliged to enter the Charlotte- town Hospital for trcatmcnt. All join in the sincere wish that Mr.

MacDonald will ni-ike ii speedy and complete recovery.

Mrs. Wilfred Atfleck is con- vnlcsclng at her home in Mt.

Stewart following her recent rip- cratlon nt tilc Charlottetown Hos- pital. Her condition reportcd as very satisfactory is ii source of much pleasure to her many friends.