PAC E F( )U R

THE GUARDIAN

-Authorized no second slim ivniii P-no i)ffi;o Depurtincnt. ')t.lawu. The island Guuriiinn fubifshlng llo. Clllllll LA HON

Total Ully Zuni: . ...........-. -....-...E.-.- ll-'29 Retail 'l'ruiling Zone .. Mind All oclirr ..- 108 Total set Piiitl .. iz.5l3

Editor im-I Miuiuging Director. J. ft Jurnetl Associaw Editor, Frank Wullmr.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink"

Ti"i.iiii.or'ri;rowN, FRIDAY. NOV. 24, 1930-

Fishery Expansion Problem

'l'lie extensive use of dr;i;;2rs coupled witii the iiiirociuction of modern fish pro- cessing plants is perhaps the most contro- versial issue facing the Maritime fishing in- dustry today. At the last session of our Provincizil Legislature, feai's were expres- sed that the new system would be detri- ineiiial to the offshore fisherman and sm.ili packer, and result in placing the industry in the hands of big speculators. In New- iouiidland, where the issue is still more acute, the two sides of the question were discussed recently by Premier Smailwood. liis statements may be of some value to those who are seeking to find a solution to the prubielll in this Province.

"Tile age-old system of conducting the fisheries,” Mr. Sniallwood said, "gives us a sturdy, independent, property-owning fish- erman, but has produced very much POV- erty. The new method gives us access to wealthy markets, and turns the fish-.-ry into a cash proposition, but in so far as the modern plants aie supplied by trawl- ers or draggers creates a propertyless PI”0- letariat. If we must choose between the two, let us by all means have the latter. But niList we choose between these two only? May we not have the modern plants, owned by 'iarge companies; and at the same time preserve that study independence of the fishermen? Is there not a third way? Can not the fishermen supply the modern fish plants. and do so with their own boats and gear? Then the actual production of fish would be the concern of propertied fisli- ermen, and its processing that of companies and the like. But that requires new types of boats and gear. and the Government is experimenting to discover what is the most suitable type of boat and gear for that pur- pose."

Nuremberg

It is five years since the international tribunal was set up at Nuremberg to try the top Nazi leaders for crimes against peace and crimes against humanity, in- cluding rcsponsibiiity for the death of 12,- 000,000 men, women and children.

Contrary to objections that have been raised the trials did not introduce new principles of international law but applied already-existing ones such as the Kellogg Pact of 1928, of which Germany was a signatory. and which condemned recourse to war as an instrument of national policy.

Of the 22 prisoners present at the trial only three were acquitted, Schacht, von Papen and Fritsclie. The others were con- demned to death.

Three organizations were found not criminal. the Reich Cabinet, the S. A. and the lligli Command. Three others were declared to be criminal and membership made punishable, the S.S., S.D., and Ges- tapo.

It was only by trying and punishing the

iplanners and commanders of the crimes against humanity that the allied powers could with justification seek out and punish the perpetrators of individual atrocities.

The Seer of Bleak House

Mr. Graham Towers, Governor of the Bank of Canada, is a man who chooses his words carefully. That circumstance, cou- pled with the fact. that he has more real "irsirlc kr.cwlco'ge" than most of the true state of this country's economy, lend more than ordinary authenticity to his observa- tions. What Mr. Towers has to say on that topic is bleak indeed. Rearmamcnt and defence, he rightly observes, are going to "form part of the life of the free coun- tries for a long time to come." If, there- fore, we would escape inflation, there must be "pay as you go" financing and a de- crease in spending, "private as well as governmental", and specific controls of credit. Spendable income must be reduced by increased taxes. ,,

Nobody will quarrel with Mr. Towers warning that spending, "private as well as governmental". must be reduced if infla- tion is to be avoided. Nor can it be denied that taxation reduces the spendable income of individuals throughout the country. The paradox is, however, that taxation also in- creases the spendabie income of the Gov-

i crnment.

Unfortunately, Mr. Towers does not say

I how it is proposed to curb government

lponding at tho came time that government

a

IIJIIUKIAI. NUIIIS Still no official word about the starting of the new Federal Building. Unless some- thing is done before March 31 the vote will likely be wiped off the slate. O O I

In Saint John, N. B., the mayor com- plains that he has nothing to do but to out motions drafted by the majority of the council. Here the mayor is the inajority of the council, and acts accordingly.

0 U I

The Kensington farmers and shippers seem determined to have a railway scale to weigh livestock, a convenience WilitTil would seem to be at least equally valuable to the railway.

C O l

The aircraft ”Canadian Pilgrim" and the C. N. R. troop train which was wreck- ed in Alberta were both running behind time, a factor which is apt to increase the danger of any operation.

0 O O

A trip to Ottawa has restored the Premier to his accustomed good health. Farmers will be anxious to know whether they are to share in his good fortune in so far as improved potato prices are con- cerned.

O I I

Prime Minister Joseph Stalin appears to be a pretty lively politician notwith- standing reports that lie is a semi-invalid. The forthcoming gathering of Common- wealth Prime Ministers iii London should give him a shaking up.

Sept Ilcs, Que., on the north shore of the St. Lawrence will not be shipping iron ore for some time yet, but as the prospec- tive terminus of the 360-mile Quebec, North Shore and Labrador Railway it should al- ready be an important market for produce of all kinds.

0 I O A London, England, firm has Cana- dian contracts valued at a quarter of a million dollars for the supply of laboratory furniture. The equipment will go to the Department of National Health and Wei- fare and the National Research Council, Ottawa, and the Admiralty Research La- boratories, Halifax. I I 0

Psychology is being tried in St. Louis to persuade a baseball team that they were going to win. The inethod should really be carried much further and used to persuade the team and also its fans that it did win, despite what the far from infallible score board might read.

0 O O

A contributor to the Ottawa Journal throws out a suggestion for a small scale industry or at any rate hobby. He tells of collecting hawthorns which at this season are brittle and hard and making use of them as phonograph needles. The advant- ages claimed are better tone and less wear on recordings than that from the conven- tional steel needles.

0 O I

John Knox, Scottish reformer, died this date 1572, in his fifty-ninth year. He started out life as a lawyer in Haddington, but coming under the influence of evangel- ist Wishart, he entered the ministry and was called to the congregation in St. An- drews. When the city was taken by the French, Knox became a prisoner of war and was sentenced to the French galleys. After being released he returned to Scot- land and became minister at Berwick, and afterwards at Newcastle. He subsequently became Chaplain to Edward VI, and was offered the bishopric of Rochester. On the ascension of Queen Mary he. along with most other Reformed ministers, took refuge on the continent where he came much in contact with Calvin, whose influence, through him was to be felt in Scotland. His return to Scotland in 1559 gave an impetus to Protestantism, Protestantism being formally established as the estab- lished religion of Scotland. Knox was un- equalled as a social reformer, his theologi- cal position being that of Calvin.

O O O

Something more than an outlet for sur- plus energy is pi'ovidedifor”British boys by the British Schools Exploring Society, of which the Duke of Gloucester is patron-in- chief. The Society may next year send an expedition to Northern Canada. This year, 55 boys, with a leader, five assistant lead- ers and two medical officers set off on an expedition to survey and map an area of wild mountainous country near Bodo in Norway. They worked like real explorers, and returned with valuable new informa- tion about zoological, botanical and geo- logical conditions in the area. The ages of the boys ranged from 161,5; to 18; and of course they had to be fairly rugged as well as enthusiastic. Another party of 23 Brit- ish schoolboys have just returned from a three months tour of Africa, where they travelled nearly 9,000 miles. visiting lead, zinc, diamond and gold mines. This tour was arranged by a South African fund

THE iGUARi)lAf-l. .

i;HARl.nTTi-trnwN Where We Fit In

IVIAHTINIE SECTION

..-.-vi.-.-.-J.-5-.-.-.-i.-.-.-L-.-.-.-.-. PUBLIC FORUM 1'

This column in open to the discussion by correspondent of questions of lnterelt. The Guardian doesnut necessar- u fly endorse the opinion of correspondents.

-5555 VMV&&'i REPLY TO ME. GILLIES

'n'in"l-P-&"'-

51:, - I infer from Mr. Gillies' reply to my previcus letter that he felt that I was in the act of en- snoring him by inviting him to come forward with something more profound in h.is discourses to the people cf the rural areas, as it. is to those he generally speaks. The purpose of this letter is to make it clear that it. was not my intention to take any unfair advantage of ilim. I felt. that he possessed the talent. and intelligence to deal with the toplcs.I had drawn to his all.- tenticn. The astute manner in which he has replied clearly indic- ates that he is desirous of steering clear of nny discussion along tn.- llnes I suggested.

In advising him not to be afraid to cross the threshold of more pro- fcund topics and offering lilm as- sistance if he became too deeply engulfed, I did not feel that there was any body of philosophers upon uliich I could call. The residents of this community are not endowed with such a measure cf human knowledge that they would be class- ed as philosophers. nominal or obli- erwisc, yet. they are gifted with a fair amount. of sound common sense, and it forced into the lime- light they would prove their adopt.- ability in discussing questions of a public nature and possibly astound many men of letters and writers to the press.

Apparently the only brawn Mr. Gillies knows or requires is what. he utilizes in the sharpening of his own pencils; that no doubt. if properly done, is an indication of :4 good student, I will admit. that it is difficult to have brawn neatly knit into the picture in a literary sense; yet. it. is one of the most es- sential fabrics in weaving the robe of eccnomlc security, and one which Mr. Gillies must have used at some time for the above purpose. rather than the sharpening of his pencils. I also -wish to lnfonn Mr. Gillies that the temperature of my ambl- tions is not. running so high cr be- coming so intense that I should seek or accept the responsibility of being the official spokesman of the people of this community: however if I was forced into that. capacity I would be as well acquainted with and much more interested in their problems than the gentleman to whom I refer.

I was convinced that I was do- ing a service when I invited lilm to take up the discussion of more vital topics. He has seen fit to brush it. aside with an induction of words seldom heard or used in otir ord- inary discourses, and with an air cf indifference which to my mind is unbecoming to a gentleman of such high standinlz.

I am. Sir. etc..

FORT AUGUSTUS PIONEER

rs. 2...-Ks...

MANY MIDNIGIITS

Silver, black and silver, - ghosts Of many midnight: down the stair

go the

of time.

Imprinted each and glowing each with touch

of more-than-mortal beauty. While the chime

Spreads outward from the stroke of twelve,

Dim: lonely circle. widening to shores

of no-return. we feel the space. the shock

of earthly change, Tomorrow I! it i-om

Along the astral rails to Now. The ni ht

8

Becomes ll thing of magic. shad- ows mold

Their secret shapes. while we. on- chanted. watch

The moon. like Midas. touch the clouds with gold.

-Harold Appieboum in the New

York Time The um! uliclli plume In Illa

"'T""”'”"'l, , The Ago-tllil story 5

Perhaps Finance Min- i Abbott has the answer. --

O-

which encourages British boys to travel overseu.

mph. no will beautify flu nnoh ' llnllon. ' , I

Fishery Law Enforce- ment

(st. John Telegraph-Journal)

Law-abiding citizens - including the great majority of commercial fishermen-will welcome the an- ncuncement by Deputy Minister of Fisheries stuarl. Bates that the gov- erment. does not intend to be push- ed around by poachern. Mr. Bates told the New Brunswick Fish Pack- ers" Association meeting in Mone- ton that offenders agaifist the regu- laticns next year will face cancel- lation of fishing and cannery lic- enses. confiscation of boats, gear and trucks. They will be confronted with expanded protective services. including new patrol boats. And, if the deputy minister has his way, there will be fewer fines in the un- der 325 and under 350 class, and more use will be made of the maxi- mum penalty of a 31.000 fine or a year in jail, or both.

It is long past. time for the fish- eries warden trying conscientiously to do his job. to receive the sup- port. he deserves from the govern- ment. the courts and the people. Unlike the policeman who arrests a thief, the fisheries warden has not. always had much sympathy. The poachers themselves are apt. to regain him as someone who harasses them spitefully for no other reason than the satisfaction he gets out of living. The fish, they think, right- fully belong to whoever catches them. and it's none of the gover- ment.s's business. so the warden car- ries on his thankless task as best. he can amidst. jeers and threats, some- times suffering physical violence and on rare occasions even being wounded by gunfire, as happened on the Glouster Countycoast a few weeks ago.

Responsible "people realize that fisheries conservation is urgently necessary if the future of the in- dustry is to be safeguarded. Poach- ers are sabotaging that future. They are not only robbing other fisher- men but, as the deputy minister expressed it. "they are stealing from their own children." They should be taught that the law stands firm- ly behind the enforcement authori-

iota:--ores-QQI-obrj-(e&oom Uld Charlottetown l (And r. c. I.) C

t

STANFIELD WOOLEN MILL

i

"As an enterprise the Stanfield Woollen Mill may be considered for i.n advance of anything of its

the 'n'yon River four or five miles from the mouth. it if a building 160 feet long by 30 wide, and three stories high. It contains two sets of machinery six cards, three jacks (540 spindles),

is at present. in operation. running full capacity it will ploy upwards of tlihrty consume ninety to one hundred thousand pounds of wool, and turn out over one hundred thou-

When eni- hands,

early in the Spring, when the fin- ishing department. which is car- ried on in a small mill farther up the stream, is operated in the building above described, along

ing. Steam is also employed for colouring and drying, as well as for purposes of smaller note. The colouring department is Cufjied on in ii building by itself, adjoining the main building. The produc- tion of a variety of fancy fabrics is contemplated during the com- ing summer, and the machinery recently added is adapted for that purpose.

ties, and that they will receive no more consideration than any other type of criminal.

(William A. Rutherford of Uniiedg

Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)

In Holland. the most densely populated country in the world. I new frontier territory is opening up, as the Dutch people work slow- ly and methodically to push back the boundaries of their crowded territory. This expansion is peace- ful and calm. and no one opposes ii. for their land is expanding only in the direction of the sea.

Tne Dutch are carrying out one of the largest reclamation pro- jccis of modern times and have started a new land rush in the ocean. This project lconslsts of walling off 915.000 acre: in the sea and pumping them dry. This will increase the area of arable land in Holland by l0 per cent and will eventually provide land for 350,- 000 of Holland's population.

Their long famous dikes have always served to keep the ocean out and to permit them to culti- vate their little lcouniry which lies below the level of the sea. The dikes are now serving as a ram with which to push the can back. The resulting land is per- haps the richest on earth. Ci-ops grown on it. have matured faster and been larger than those pro- duced any place else in the world.

This is the culmination of a battle between the inhabitants of The Netherlands and the ocean which has lasted for almost 3,000 years.

0 O 0

Today 30 per cent of H0iiIl'id'l population lives on land wresled from the sea. Many of their farm: were once covered by more than 20 feel of sea water.

The present undertaking, known so the Zuider Zee project. will completely remove that arm of the North Sea which used to reach more than 200 miles along Affai- limd's coui line.

A dike. 1) miles long. hu been built across the mouth of the Zul- der Zea nnd it in being pumped dry. Several thousand acre: will be left for I f-i-uh water lulu. but the roll. of the land will in farms. The entire roiocl is be- ing financed by tho. utch Govern- ment which will haw spent. 02.- 500.000 before the work in finish- ed. Thin in approximately 35.000 an acre and make: this flat ex- panse of rich plain land perhcpc the most expensive in the world.

The high inlilci out bu pi-oven

Dutch push Back the sea ;son. Mr. Stanfield himself having . ”'I'he small mill alluded to is

. "The concern is under the perlntendence of Mr. Alex. Dun- bar. the financial affairs being conducted by Mr. Edwin Daw-

su-

taken up his residence in town.

flation spiral. We will then have cheaper homes and cars and, con- sequently. If the spiral isnlt soon halted we blunders, but the will be playing right into the hands was asked if of the Reds and great financial demitosse. "I do not problems will eventuate. Let the plied. lesson sink in that highter coats cup of should mean better products, that in London Free higher wages should involve in- kind on the Island. Situated on creased production. Waterloo Record.

ing documents showing the easy going manner in which marriages and could be made in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

a long time to come in order to get back the tremendous cost of re- claiming it. already paid out 35.000 an acre. And we want. to make sure we get good farmers who will take care of the land so that it can

Goudef & Huszord

GILBERT A. GAUDET. B. A., LL. B

Canadian Bank of Commerce Bldg

NOVEMBER 24,

Hi: Is in t f if win

I Icu oo amine vote

08"-'-111. Wlllllm Bowmlnfof Mali recordisligislvidgilhilig antic, Quebec. faced a bleak Win. ter-his wood supply was not ready. Eager Boy scouts of the fat Mal. attic Troop solved his problem.- all 20 of them set tc. working Elle: school and on Saturdays, and split. and piled eliiht cords of firewood in a -week and a half. Mr. Bowman will be warm this whiter. - Boy Scout News.

End took as fee 3

University ox cw, it. known that he

hour was immaterial expected. and if

, j

starlings, which stopped off on their way South in front of build- lngs in the York-Front. street area. will be liastened in their flight by the new system Con. Inncs is re- commending to rid the city of the birds. That is if the system wcrks. It consists of placing kerosene- soaked bags near the lighting places. The birds. it is claimed. abhcr the smell of coal-oil. when board of control dismissed the mat.- ter Con lnnes said the starlings have all departed from the resid- ential areas, The bcard told him to go ahead. - Toronto Globe and Mail.

August. 1743. a Mr, - married, would names". This same

register of a bridal p led out. of hell. Vile havior. Belongld to y

A Michinnder guilty to automobile er to escape :1 ch,-. This reversed the u