”~

4

“ Assuming that 85 per cent . the seed grows,

*

The Guardian, Charlottetown, Mon., Kprif 11, 1968. 7

Fireman--Edward .. McCor- mick, back to camera, works to free James Robertson, 13, right from wires 30 feet over

’ railroad tracks in Bloomfield, N.J., Friday. The boy had ap- parently climbed the pole and

FACTS FOR FARMERS

Hints On Selecting, - Planting Silage Corn

Recently. there has been a lot

of talk about corn silage. Many ~ farmers ate wondering and try- ing. to decide if they should be growing corn. This column most likely will not affect'your decis- fon but if your mind is made up we hope that this will offer some hints as to management, seed-

ing, varieties, weed control, yields, etc. TYPE OF LAND Sone

First. of all, let's consider the type of land which should be chosen. Well-drained land is es- sential. High land should be chosen ahead of “low land be- cause of the extra insurance ieee late -spring and early

frosts._It should also. be- fac- tng the~south:—

The seed bed ceataratiog will

_depend-to some extent .on the

type .of weed control program |

used? If the’ weeds. are -to— be ~eontrolled- with-chemicals then most soils can be adequately prepared following fall plowing with a single -discing. This will probably leave a rough seed bed but if the seeds are sur- rounded by. firm, moist soil, good establishment and good growth should result. If the

trolled_with4

cultivation then extra cultiva- tion will be necessary. General- ly, fall plowing is to be prefer- red ‘to spring plowing but —on some lighter textured soils’ spring plowing is giving as good results as fall plowing, FERTILITY

The best way of finding what fertilizer, lime or manure is re- quired to produce —corn—is—to have a SOIL TEST taken. ___.

The corn crop is a very profit- able place for manure and will supply a large, amount of the corn. needs.

The. fertilizer recommenda- tions are listed-below-and-_should only be followed when a soil re- port is not available.

When manure is not applied, broadcast .1600 Ibs. of 6-12- 12 or broadcast 1000. Ibs. of 6-12-12 and band 300 Ibs. of 6-12-12 at seeding time.

When 12 tons of manure is ap- plied, broadcast 1200 Ibs. of 6-12- 12 or broadcast 600 Ibs. of 6-12- 12 and band 300 Ibs. of 6-12-12 at seeding. time. Higher’ analysis

ilizerscan be used, for ex- mple 12-24-24 at rates to sup-

ply equivalent amounts of plant food.

SEEDING RATE

Corn is being seededinto 28" +36" row widths. Recently. the trend to narrower row width has taken place. At present there hasn't. been enough re- search work done to recommend a particular row width. Several of the farmers in the Charlotte- town area seeded into 30 and 32”’ rows last year. Generally, these are.the distances used in the Annapolis Valley and they are definitely being used in Ontario. - It has been found that the’ dis- tances between the seeds should be increased. This should allow the plants to become more ma- ture. Eight or nine inch distanc- es should be used when seeding into rows 30-32 inches in width. Of course, when™36 or 40 -inch

rows are used the distancé be-

tween the seeds could be de- creased. Assuming that 32 inch seeds are spaced 8.5 apart in the row, it would. re- quire about 16 pounds of med- ium fiat seéd to plant one a 0 this will leave about <18,000 plants per acre which is common for a 32 inch row width.

It is very {mportant that this width be .fully. considered . be-

cause the ‘width of the row will'with the seed, care should be lof Agriculture, Box 2000 Fa J termine the type Of machin- taken tons see + that ‘the fertilizer i Jottetown,

|

'

z

——FWO DIE ONE HURT-ON-POWER POLE-

touched: one of the 28,000-volt wires. Two would-be rescuers, who apparently thought the power had been turned > off, were electrocuted trying to save the boy. The body of Wil- liam Surprenant, 31, dangles

k

ba naseenl

STATIONERY and HOl

at left, while the other rescuer, Raymond Reilly 53, fell to the tracks. The boy, from nearby East Orange; N.J., is in serious condition with burns on both- legs.. Photo copyright 1966 by the News-Syndicate Co., Ince

ra

By. DAYID K. SMITH _.

Field Crops * P.E.L. Dept of

ery used to harvest and. cultiv- ate, etc.

The time of planting will vary with the year, with the type . of land and with the-location of the land. Corn should be planted as soon-as conditions are suitable. In the Charlottetown area, us- ually it can be planted by May

more mature it will be at time of harvesting.-Since the growing point of corn does not get above the soil level until at least two weeks after the corn emerges, it can be frosted and not be killed.

WEED CONTROL

The two general ways to con- frol weeds is with cultivation and chemicals. The latter..me- --{thod--{s—used—more--widely_than. cultivation. Sometimes row cul- tivation is necessary _ where weeds have not been controlled ‘withthe herbicides,

If-cultivation“ is necessary tt shouldn't be more than two in- ches. deep. The reason for this is the corn plant has an extensive root system and deep cultiva- tion will injure the roots.

Couch: grass is the main pro- blem weed and the most diffi- cult weed to control in “corn.

ch grass in corn. Some of thesé chemicals. will injure the corn if not. applied atthe —proper._time and at the proper strength.

Before a chemical is applied, the directions should be ‘read carefully and be sure that it is the recommended spray for corn. We would be glad to send anyone a copy of a pamphlet on “Guide To Chemical Weed Con- trol,” free of charge, i you could contact us. VARIETIES

A variety should be selected that will give a fairly good de- gree_of maturity. There are two reasons for this. There is a larger percentage of feed in the ear than in any other part~ of the,corn plant, and, as maturity is’reached the percentage: mois- ture decreases. It is dry matter that should fill the silo and not water. Light frosts in the fall after the corn matures are of no danger. They will. -cause the cells in the corn leaves to burst and as a result the moisture will decrease.

The 1966 recommended varie- ties for corn silage include—

Pride 5 :

Haapala H 175

Warwick 263 De Kalb 29

United 108

Jacques 850 J » SEEDERS

The_ typé of Hiachiinery used for seeding is very important. Of course\the machine made for this purpose is the best and if you don’t own. one of these machines, I would. suggest _rent- ing one if this is possible. 4

This machine is capable of placing the seeds-one to one_and a half inches deep at the proper distance apart. They also have fertilizer attachments so that a band of fertilizer, mostly nitro- gen and phosphorus, is placed just a little below and’ to one side of the seed. This. is quite ‘important to-the young seedlings since they can reach ‘this fertil- ity and get off to a quick start.

row widths are used and the/They also pack the soil around

ihches |

the seeds. Some. farmers are using a

grain drill by plugging some of the holes. These machines are at a disadvantage since they bury: the seeds too deeply, . the | seed placement is not uniform |

and-the fertilizer oe be plac-| “Corn Silage Production Costs

ed properly. If a grain drill {s used and some of the fertilizer is drilled

meebo

ernieg

20. The earlier it is planted the:

.| will vary with each individual.

iThere are, _however—-chemicals- available which will control cou-

tsteel-or-poured-cement. A silo 16

Specialist Agriculture =

net in contact with the seeds. This will kill the young seedl- ings. If the fertilizer is drilled when seeding it should be plac- ed two inches to one side and 1% to 2 inches below the seed.

o

EXPECTED YIELDS

If you are growing corn for the first time don’t overestim- ate the expected yield. We should be aiming for 20 tons of green matter per acre but start- ing out, we should probably ex- pect between 12 and 15 tons.

It is difficult to give the cost to produce an acre of corn. This

In a survey held on six farms in Nova Scotia in 1964, it was found that the cost to plow,har- Tow,..spread_ fertilizer, lime, ma- nure, plant, spray and harvest was $74 per acre. Costs such as ‘storage, dépreciation—and—inter- ot have to_be added to this. va-

Corn is far from a balanced ration in itself. The straight corn silage is about 73 per cent water and has about 2.2 per cent pro- tein. This means that some high protein feed has to be used to

silage is as_good | alfalfa Shay “ commonly used. SILOS: * There are several different types of silos, The horizontal. silo | is the cheapest to construct but it doesn’t lend itself to mechan- ey as well as the upright |

The main problem with _ this type of silo is spoilage but this ican be prevented if the sides of the siolo are air tight and if the silage is covered with some type of a plastic covering. The edges should be buried or wel- ghted so that air cannot enter. The silage has to be well pack- ed or spoilage will occur.

If Urea is to be used, it is very difficult to thoroughly mix it with the silage when filling a horizontal silo. A horizontal silo 10 feet wide and five feet deep will store one ton of silage for every foot in length. Therefore, if this silo was 40 feet long, it would store 40 tons of silage.

The upright silo can be made of wood staves, cement stabes

feet in diameter and 40 feet in height will hold about 190 tons of silage.

We have price lists from some companies which construct good

are interested, you might eet in| touch with us. CONGL'

age you should answer such questions as, how miuch equip- | ment will I have to purchase? | Can I work with a neighbour | in purchasing this equipment? Do I have enough cattle to justify buying this equip- ment? Should I consider a | combination of grass silage and corn silage?_as well. as | many other questions. Expanding to corn silage means a major change in the cropping. program. Every de- tail must“he considered. Any- one considering a change should talk with some exper- ienced corn producers ae ae chinery representatives. would also be happy td in” agricultural regret. in any way possible. Pamphlets available from the

P.E.I.. Department of Agricul- ture on Corn Prodictio are: ‘‘Si- jlage;"’ ‘Guide to Chemical Weed Control"; ‘Let's Look at Corn"

lin Nova Scotia.” For these pamphlets write | David Smith, P.E.I. 9 den

balance the ration. Urea when jj well mixed with the |suitable.O

and cement stave silos. If you

, Char- |

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