- Tlli c filllhtllflillllllll lillAlllllll

Alkali-sell as Second Cllll Mall. Post Oflloe Department. Ottawa

President: W. Chesteri. llollnro, BU’. *

'. ‘ vino-Premium 1. n. Burnett, ‘us.

,1 lseutery: heat Col. D. A. llfanlllnnon. 0.8-0.

' liner and mourn; Dllcclfll: a n. Burnett. an. Associate Edition: Frank Walker a-nl '

Ian a, Burnett

n» Guardian as, s. off-ma m llnh T aeeo Shop. Monnlon. N. B. The News Shop, Monetun N. B. George McLean, Piston N B.

Walter's White Snot. ll Salter 5t. Halifax, NJ. Metropolitan New; Agency, 1M8 Peel BL, Montreal [Jailed Cigar Storm. Chateau lnnrier, Ottawa Ont.

B. Altken, lord Elginh Hotel Ottawa, Ont. J. Fine, 354 BaySL, Toronto. Ont. Wolfe's News Stand, Snllbnry. Ont. Old South News. Cor. lvfllk and Washington 8b.,

Boston Rota-line"; News Agency, Times Building, New Yuk.

“The Sttongesf Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.”

r FRIDAY, MARCH 29, 1946

/

British Justice

Forth-right criticism of the Federfl De- partment of Justice in the collduct of the spy casels made by an outstanding legal authority, the Iwrtniglztly Law Journal, says editorially:

"l/Ve make it clear that we have no sym- pathy for these nationals of Canada who betray their country and foul the nest 0f their al- 1989mm We hope also that if tlhey are con- victed no sentimental ideas of mistaken mercy will stand between them and punishment. But we would sooner see the whole ill-begotten tribe g0 frce than that the methods of dictator- ship should be allowed to dislodge one stone of the tower of liberty that enslllrines the altar of British justice. By British justice we under- stand the fundamental idea of innocence until proof of guilt, and all that that entails, and that it certainly entails the right of the arrestce to free and private consultation with a legal ad- viser of his own choice, and arraignment be- fore a court of competent jurisdiction at the earliest possible moment after his arrest. It was to safeguard those inalienable rights that the writ of habeaa corpus was designed far back in the annals of our legal history. - . The‘ House of Lords not so long ago condemned an attmpt to deny those rights and set its Sea] upon their inalienable nature. They are, as we kn said, founded upon Magma Cal-ta.”

Thomas Jefferson, in one of his most fam- Ual plporl, warned against “frittering away lib- 1N7"; 1815M Hvfificing it to expedients, or in

which seemed to make it irrele- ‘Int or even mngerous. In a world where lilb- Qty has been so much lost, where government pf the people by the police for the few makes beperate headway, that warning should not be k ightly, no matter what the circumstances.

Ibo ‘Rhine Crossing

o», _,tr

Mon troops of Field Marshal Montgom- ‘fl "It Amly Group crossed the Rhine at 1°" W1 WW1 1 year ago last Monday, they bleed in curtain on the last scene in the drama, Of the I-mpfllgn On the front. Some six wegk; fill‘ the Wehrmacht surrendered uncondition-

The first assault crossing at Rees was ‘hide by highland troops on the night of March 33- TWIIN-ll morning their crossing was sup- ported by troops of the third Canadian Division.

On the right, the Ninth American army forced a crossing, and at about 1o o'clock on the morning of the 24th the largest air-borne W115i"! Yet undertaken by the Allies, involv- ing about 18,000 paratroopers, commenced. The right bank 0f the Rhine was sgqu-gd by late afternoon, and the drive that was to carry Allied troops t0 the Elbe had cOmmenccd,

Tlhis last phase of the war in the west did not fail to exact heavy casualties from the Firs; Canidian army. Straddling the eastern border of Holland and Germany, they pushed their way north, sometimes rapidly, sometimes by slow, painful stages as fanatical German para- troopers, marines, and Ilitler Jugcnd troops midfi dflllflrate last attempts to stern the Allied tide. In generzil, the terrain they fought through W35 Unfavorable to rapid movement by armor,

_ for it was criss-crossed by canals and was as often as not too boggy to support the heavy traffic of an armoured division,

_ Canadians who participated in the opera- U011, says an exchange, will remember the great feeling of elation that swept through all ranks when the Rhine was crossed. The Rhine was a true symbol of German military prowess. To have crossed it was an achievement that was completed after a wcck of intensive prepara- tion. The successful crossing meant that the end of the war after more than five endless years, W88 at last in sight. There are very few times in the course of a man's lifetime when he knows the same feeling of joy which seized the troops who‘ crossed the Rhine a year ago last Mon- day. ~ . <

L l l | .

J.

Research In Advertisements

_Inan [exhaustive study of national advertis. in. in winners. published today by the Harv-

jUmvérsrzy Press, the conclusion i, ruched Ills-r dynamic world it l. sound ma“... _ ‘Pifilislfifi t0 belslert f0 the need of . o,‘ liltlr product" to thechanging 5g. . , ‘@0118’ reand of providi f t ifllitl iurfeifective adrrtlsinrfgfsoolltgrig

t5 f"? 4m not later ere with filc use-

ulpcd ot the oooerim in read-

ed a need for changes in the lng of news- paper space. Part II of the study, in fact, is devoted to “The Marketing of Newspaper Space Among National Advertisers."

Although national advertising in news- papers declined since I929, during the depres- sion- and war years, dollar-wig it still is sub- stantial, the study remarks. '*O_n the other hand", the pattern 0f decline gvaried from one product classification to another. In some cases there has been little decline, while in others the loss was substantial. In the post-war years. however, if newspapers do no. better than main- tain their ratio of total bdveitising expenditure of recent years, the study estimates they will have an advertising income of more than $1.- 0o0,ooo,000. j

Anticipating that many new companies with large productive capacities developed during the war will be competing for post-war demand. the authors forecast that competition will take the form of vigorous promotion of private brands. Because their distribution w-ill be large- ly regional, it is assumed, much of their adver- tising will be done in newspapers. The study further predicts that, in accordance with the trend of recent years, advertisers will seek the flexibility of a medium like the newspaper be- cause it will enable them to intensify their ad- vertising where and when it is most needed.

—EDITORI_AL NOTES-

Scott, the explorer, died in the Antarctic, this date 1912.

‘I Iii 1i‘

Says the ,Oiiawa Iollrnal:— “Mr. Mc- Lure, diligent Progressive Conservative M. P. from Charlottetown, complains that a map of Canada issued by the Department of Trade and Commerce failed to show Prince Edward Is- land. This may have been a very high com- pliment: assumption that the Island is so wcll known that its name isn't necessary.”

U f i U

All the aboriginal children at the Firmiss Springe Mission Station in South Australia speak with a Scottish accent. It was picked up from the owner of the property on which the mission is locatéd. Says a Flying Doctor: “It's comical to hear a jet-black lassie putting over a line of patter that sounds like Harry Laudefs. You feel she may begin the Highland Reel at any tick of the clockl"

i i I i

Mr. Robert Fair (SC—Battle River) has introduced in the Commons a bill to amend the Election Act removing disqualification from voting of persons in provincially-maintailled in- stitutions. Mr. Fair said the bill was similar to one he had introduced on previous occasions but which had not been adopted. The disqualifica- tion had been outdated many years ago, he" add- ed. ‘

o a rr re \

A 66 2-3 per cent increase-in gonorrhea and syphilis over a four year period w re- ported to the Board of Evangelism and Sbcial Service of the United Ohurcll at its anlual

meeting by Dr. Hugh Dobson of Vanco r. Figures have mounted rapidly, he said, ince the cessation of hostilities; and because . D.

strikes at the very root of family life, govern- ments were asked to make tatistics available quarterly. Complete pro-marital physical ex- aminations including blood tests were asked of the provinces not yet having them, and Sask- atchewan and Alberta commended for action al-

rmdy taken.

I!‘

The smallest public railway in the world has been demobilized and was early in March reopened to passengers. It is the independent- ly-owrlcd, Romney, Hythc, and Dymchurch Light Railway in Kent, with fifteen inch gaugQ, and car built to scale. When-the engineer sits at the back of the steam-driven locomotive half his body protrudes from the little cab. While used normally as a novelty by summer tour- ists, the line is also utilitarian, since it is the only one serving the three towns by direct route. During the war the coastal area where the R. H. & D. makes its twelve-mile run (more or less) was banned to travelers, and the railway was requisitioned to do a war-job. Fitted with anti-aircraft guns, it fought with the enemy, and also transported thousands of tons of material and pipeline for Pluto, the giant pipeline under the sea. Now, its armour removed, the small carrier has resumed its‘ civilian career.

- s- a r- n:

Abril, a synthetic wax recently discovered by United Kingdom scientists is shortly to 00ml: into large scale production. The Birmingham Post reports that premises have been secured in a former ordnance factory at Bridgcnd. Wales. Production is expected to start in about one month. Abril will take place of natural waxes used for high pressure lubrication, tex- tile finishing, gramophone records and cosmet- ics. Carbon paper and printing inks are other goods which will benefit from the new dis- covery. Abril will also provide insulation in radio and emulsion in waterproofing as well as a highly polished surface for furrnture. Abril also has the important advantage of a low price, In the past year, Britain imported two thousand tons of natural vegetable waxes at s cost. of six hundred pounds a ton. _Thc syn- thetic wax will bcxolil a: half this figure.

i International cartels are operating in Canada throughbranches, subsidiaries, licensed affiliates or by various other means. These cartels are combinations of interests, includ- "ing governments. ffhey control materials, pro- cum, pamts or servicea,~1he use of which Canadians need or want. International cartel: have many aspects, According to their en- tlghlsnmcqr, or lack of if, ‘they may foster re- aemli or prevent it: it: prlcuetvefllifi or restrictive levels: promote or retard produc- " ' irwention- f

lion: eneomne or 41W"!!!

For world to ull down the~ an build brld el monten Jour "

If. divide , finite-Ed-

A Toronto address- ? the Ottawa Li up, sold: A community has n9 gfmg when ts cltiune are well-housed, well- fed and fully employ how even experts can tan l traps set by generalizations. The pslyrcofoglsfs statement, taken mer- u , s J

ridiculous. As The Ottawa ourlnal remarks, the solution to crime is not so easily found. Every prison contains rsons who were well-housed, we l-fed and f l,v employed." “Brantlford Expositor.

._...__,_

In the old days few farmers were ln their bed: after five o'clock ln the morning. any of the?‘ no doubt, still cling to that ctlce. But on such farms the bl ds are down and the lights are out by 10 o'clock at‘ the latest. The old- tlnm farmer, after putting in l0 or more hours a day in the fields, of- ten spent nrlother hour or more after sup , milking doing the chores an taking u w rl with tho hoe ln the kitchen garden. -.‘l'oet William Times-Journal.

We do not often find ourselves beaming eye to eye with Stalin's house-organs, But we do find our- selves ln some sympathy with the Moscow New Times when it de- nounces the forthcoming utomlc 59mm"! of slrlps in the For Pn- clflc. We do see ln it a colossal waste of money in preparation to prove what is already known, of shl scheduled for sinking that ha better be kept afloat, of waste through damage to sea ‘lie that may prove gXleflSlVé and persist- ent. If the New Times helps per- suade our Government to call it off, it will be doing the American mo“??? a favor. —Chicago Dally

People in Britain with money— and nothing to spend it c-n-- ure buylnsniap JlQWEI-B. Old sliver, pic- tures a chairs. So great ls the demand that prices have soared, and auctioneers are holding four times as many sales as they dld ln mwll‘ dBYS, The London Daily

ll reports. Hundreds of were at six big London sales in one day, and everything auctioned We!!! f0!‘ high prices. Altogether a- bout $800,000 was realized, hut lg v/as described by auctioneers as

one of our less exciting days," Here are some of the items bought, with their rewar value: Dessert "W1C 1 (prewar rlce-QSBOJ Porcelain figures-g (prewar price-MOO). Sllver~—$5 an ounce (prewar prlce~60 cents an ounce.)

Too many wurds in the fngllsh lflnswlse are spelled dlffruntly from the Way they are proncwnsed. There hnv bin sum falntharted nt- tempts to lmproov the sltunyshun but thny dont get very far, n, isn't only the spelling: it's also the way wurds are uzed. you say

flee: and ‘frozf’ why shuldn't You say ' skweez" and “skowz”? And i! it's ‘m‘bwse" and “misc? why not say “how's” land hire"? A wvurli such as cough" reely brt to b5 s lled "koff" and if thel-‘a any- t lng to the lder that usage gives athoraty, then "government" should lDJIK have becum "guvvermunt." Speeklng in

mnohes the ufonlstlc elements of our muthe-r tung, —Frum W511 Street Journal,

1111s office has hing been the scene of a showing of prlng hen, The prize was a sprightly model l" d“? Purple with gay flowers Iprlhxrng from its roof. It attract- ed a large and admiring audience, the majority of whom were wom- en [and who slmpered and sighed their a proval of an object so d9- llghtfu and crazy, It; pure “c- cess was guaranteed ln their eyes by the traditional verdict of the male who did not up rove and this surely la the end w lch most de- llxners reek. A hat which a man likes must inevitably be n fall- ure._ lke the peacock and his feath- 9". lo the woman and her hat. Both represent the “splatter-dash "M91 0 8ft.” which as President ‘human said leaves much to be desired. And that after all ls the lmenthn- "wlnfilPel Free Press.

h A court decision _which msy well ave repercussions, since the hu- man problem on which it bears is universal in our cities, has been held. EWO l0 0M. by a court of 8D a] that a tenant cannot be evcted because his wife had a baby although his rental contract glfvldrd for "No Dete—Adulle ' e do not know _lf this is good aw quite possibly‘ it u not-hut e comment of the judge gpqqk- ins for the majority ls pumgthin that had to be sold. Ho defend m" only the reasonable and heel- thv desire of younn couples m give babies, but their rl hte to 9mm‘? Plfeflll. and ad ed the sociological truth which has been somewhat lost st ht of in "W"! 1M!!! 0 our limes, that l! l! Bxalnst the public lntencst to enter into any contract which would enooura e race ' ”

Y‘ =auelrmla

m. orller-or-si._}_liqhrr_

“f‘f“‘-3°.ll.il.‘a"i?..°“

in

the nest of the can of the Order En land the principal monas- tbe Kniflllis was in the borouab of Pillsbury on. norm west aide of Landon. At th e place there wu s well near which mira- cle plays were performed by, the Psrleh Clerks of the clly. The lo- cality took ltl name from this f‘Well of the Olerkfl-Olorkenwell - and this well existed into the middle of the Eighteenth Century.

Founded in 1100, the British Prlo grew to great wealth. The mauve gateway-St. John's Gate —was bull: in 150i. but wlth the 16th century came misfortune, Hen- ry VIII suppressed the monastery and confiscated all the roperfles of the Order in his ream. The buildings themselves were destroy- ed by the Protector, Somerset, who used much of the material for his galace in the Strand, and only the

otehouse remained a mute testi- mo to the priceless heritage of a s endld age.

It l: uncertain lf the Enlllish Lnngue was ever officially abolish- ed. Probably, after the dispersal of the Knights, the devastation of the monasteries the seizure of all their wealth to the Crown, this was herdb’ conelde " of import- ance. However, the Order was re- established by Queen Mary Tudor though it seems never to have func- tioned. Yet this served a-useful

urpose that of preserving a link lh the chain connecting Britain nnd the most ancient Order of Chivalry ln the world. Out of this came the ressuscltntlon of the new Brltlsh Lnngue The Order of St. John ln the British Realm.

Thnoughout the years, from the time that the Cross of the Order achieved the significance of a 1a- bel uniting all, yet distinctive in the different lands-it bore var- loun "differences" according to the national affiliations of the lnngues and Prlorles l: represented.

The Cross of metal did not up- pear in the Order till quite late- the simple eight-pointed Cross of white enamel worn suspended by a chain or ribbon from the neck. The black rlbbo-n of the present day was only ndogted upon the death of hauls . It was with- in quite modern times that distinctive emblems were placed between the Arms of the Cross. In Italy and France the Fleur-de-Ilys were inserted. In the land rf the Holy Roman Empire, the double- headed llhgle of Austrle that look- ed to both the East an the West, replaced the Fleur-de-Lys, while in Holland the Lion of the Low coun- tries was the blem.

Though the Reformation wiped out the Order ln Great Britain, ln Germany the Master and the Knights oi‘ the Prlory of Branden- burg adopted the Reformed Relig- lon, still they kept their affiliation with the Sovereign Order through the-German Langue.

is German Baliwlck of Bran- denburg was seculnrlzed ln .1810, Pduring the Napoleonic occupation gof Prussia and its estates confis- lcated. 1n .1866 Fredrlch Wilhelm

IV revived the ancient Prussian l branch as the Johnnnltsnordcn and ordained that the Grand Master was always to be a ‘member of the .?russian Royal family, The Islgnln of the-German Order has lthe Black Eagles of Prussia be- tween the Arms of the Cross. Though the Order was open only

general mrmm w" “r to members-bf the Protestant Faith m my“)? l’! a awning sham m“. it never overlooked the fact that

lt was the child of the Sovereign Order and courteous relations were always maintained between them. while the Emperor Wilhelm II was ‘admitted to the Sovereign Order ln Rome as a Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion.

I O O O r The ware that opened the 19th century rendered ve difficult the .flllllng of the post o Grand Mas- |ter, When it became vacant, e. Lleutenant-Grand-Master assisted by a Council was vested with the powers of ovemment. This sit- uation erlllsted until 1870 ‘when a new r Master in the person of Ceschi dl Santa Croce was chos- en. During the vacancy In the flee of Grand Master some of the Knights of the Spanish Priory desiring to nssum their national identity formed themselves lntn s body or their own tfldependcnt of the Government of t e Order, and known as the Knights of St. John

~;~'. W H Y tmv h u- r“!

SORE

From Detroit ews. Th Chin Go mp1“ ~ to abolish mallow?‘ Informhiigri

Minister K. C. w“

u u. ma“ o elcribes them

¢°Y1V¢Ylnce which

man wer." t

counpt: in hiroiiidleiiinehg metberethg: be lltt argument, n Bound n-Tlmel. WI

tlon of the internal combustion on- Ilne and the exploitation of elec- Y-fldty. buses and street cars which will take the place of the rick". shows have outm 0d them as a means of trsnspo tlon. Rickshaw: :1” certainly "s w; 95111:; . could

u

e men o p l,“ after proper trslnlru, build s fflclent modern conveys eea

do tunes the ‘work much

more may a;

elnmhlm rleiuluwr" "lrlllu. ms " much nepontlo on the mail- ner n WHMMICNIIIIW

ranted

l‘ "Willi". inhuman and a waste of .

ll. .l. union

orrom-raln fitting ml ‘um-hum (ilssuo Montana. r. l. I. t“ ‘nut-sf’ F "_ ilolllis us. M" r a ,-.----r""""'*-- a