{An

lerMs:—Pivk DoLuars A YRAR.

NEW. SERIES.

UOAILY KX AMINER|

is issued every even vy hy

(he Examiner Publishing Qo.

From their office, cornér of Water and |

‘* his is true Liberty, when Free-bora Men, having to advise the Public, may speak free.”—Evxirwes.

é

Haily 4

Kanner,

CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, SATURDAY, JANUARY 19, 1884,

AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

DONALD FERGUSON,

C. ASSC CIATION

A LECTURE BY THE HON. . Bi 5 PROVINCIAL SECRETARY, BEFORE THE Y. M '

obtained from the sale of these lands *‘shall be inviolab!y appropriated by each State

which may take and claim the benefit of| It is

this Act to the endewmerit, support, and maintenance of at least one college, whose leading object shall be (without excluding other scievtific and classical studies) to teach

Se _ ee

SINGLE Coptrs Two Cents,

VOL. 14.—NQ, 50.

| Prit ce of Wales Coll ge hy local means, is something altogether beyond our reach.

also, i think, quite plain that owing to the smaliness of our farms the direct advantage from the establishment of such a college, or de partment of a c llege, would be proportionately small.

it does

Great George Stree ‘harlottet Vhs Prince ceadea teed at | M kf i CH A N’ \ (Continued.) such branches of learning as are related to} not, however, follow that because we can. See inet, dimenoemeeeibe i j ) fAL ' Jo considering what means are best agricultural and the mechanical arts, in| not undertake the greatest task we are - 5 adapted for promoting agricultural educa- such manner as the Legislature of the State|unable to accomplish anything. We can Six Mow hs, : , $2 50 | tion im Prince Edward Island, we must ™4y respectfully prescribe in order to} give more time and more prominence to the rree M — 1 26 ‘hp oe , v: ‘ soe ce lance at the experience of other countries, Promote the literal and practical education ; sciences relating to agriculture in the Prince ne Modth. . ? i 0 50 z ) a rTOCKED with the tollowing GOODS, and offers boc in doing se a must wags ial es of the industrial clasties in the several} of Wales College, so that all our teachers

1i°em ata

«- Advertising at most moderate rates.

Contracts may be made for monthly,

piarterly, half-yearly or yearly advertise- ments, on application.

REDUCTION OF TWENTY PER CENT,

the economic condition of agriculture ip all European countries differs greatly from ‘ours, and that a difference, although not so er at, exists between the rural economy of

rince Edward {sland and that of other

pursuits and »rofessions of life.”

Thirty-seven States have taken advan- tage of this Act, and. there are at the present time in the United States, forty- four independent colleges or departments in

may in future be qualified to pass an exam- ination in the elements of agriculture be- fore obtaining a license. We can cffer an inducement to teachers already licensed so that they can come in for examination in

(pers of the Dominion and tho United , universities supported out of the proceeds! tis branch of chyna ‘a We can, by rigid ALMANAG FOR JANUARY, 1824. W U r. Fl ri Briere of the land grant of 1862. In 1876, or | inspection, provide that the text book on ag- edliaihed , Gents oollen nderwear, F annel Shirts, ur Methods of education to be most useful fourteen years after the passing of the Act, riculture ‘already prescribed by the Board

MOON 8 CHANGES,

First Quarter, 5th day, 5h. 2?.6m., p. m, Vall Moon, 12th day, Llh. 14.6m., a. m. Last quarter 20th day, Ih. 10.8m., a. m.

Merchants Bank of Halifax, CHARLOTTETOWN AGENCY,

Caps, Kid Mits, Sleigh Robes.

-0;

CHOICE FRUIT AND | GROCERIES.

Q———e

ELECANT CLASS CHINAWARE.

AND

SPLENDID

ASSORTMENT HOUSE FURNISHINGS,

must noi only be made to suit the ciream-

stances of the cowntry, but they must be, subject to constant improvement, so as to. make them meet the ever changing circum- .

tice of scientific farming. The system of agriculture, which Las enabled them to lay by money after paying enormous rents and maintaining their families, must be partic-

the interest from investments from the sale

of lands had reached $449,774.

In determining the best mode of placing this princely endowment with the reach

abundantly manifest that great good is being done in the promotion of industrial education by ‘the land grant of 1862. Should we not in the Dominion of Canada, profit by the example of our wide-awake

of Education is thorovghly taught to the pupils in the advanced grades of our schools. When we have done this it will be found in agriculture, as in general edu-

New Moon 28th day, lh, 48 7m., a. m. i ee as ~ the people. Sys- of the people for whose benefit it was in- 1 Reeth — ee : rr ar er " r tems of education, like constitutions, are tended, much difference of opinion arose, ; Be rg ea ene o DAY OF WERK ao aa oe, a ay i) RCO A "yg. i N Ga noPmade, but grow, and that people will The existing universities sereunhbel for the oS eet : Stites tal ly than * higher = foes Siiteoues the » . a always take the-front iank in intelligent grant, alleging that by giving courses in . a oP uae Pp “To omy within — the dean h ~ 7 —, x morn and material progress whose education is of | agriculture and mechanics they were com- this Aiedthe 43 i atau te ee natin ‘ | ~ | F 4 ios Inc : ; ) acHners sta »e ¢ 2) Wednesday 35! 39) 9 50| 0 42! WHICH: YOU CAN HAVE a ne ae marae, i Ry aes coone maken St law. weeny to handle an elementary text book, at the 3! Thursday + 38! gillo 19! 1 20| n most uropean countries the farms are | a oe . # view prevariee’:| use of it in our Public Schools must be a 4 Friday | 38) 321048 2 2 a. large and the profits of farming are divided | 4% such seats of learning as } ale, Cornell, made compulsory, as has already been done T oe he et Be Ni A DE LO YOUR MEA sU ~ between three classes, the proprietors, the ;4%4 Brown, opened their halls to industrial | i. the State of Tennessee. : 6|Sunday | 37, 33°11 51] 3 52 ava L ss ; RE tenant farmers, and the laborers. ‘The first |8tudies. In the other half of the States BR ragr? jjlonday | Baltes 8 9 | of seen eo. alone dosent eeean sles ey sieht SNELL GN ox Ge bao te to 8|Tuesda 37' 35 5| 6 42 eases are genera short, the proprietors '® o the study of sciences related to | Seadtasty ? gage pint 9| Wed deeday 36 37| i sa 7 62 Cheaper Than imported Ready Made. share in oie evatinen’ nepdorelane of the = pty = ae The industries Siecenhnatine = robe on cerimar | we 10/Thursday | 36f 38) 2 57| 8 52) land. The tenant farmers are also capi- {Of each State, the prevailing views regard-} OUst not to slight other Instrumentalities 11! Friday 36) 39) 4 1) 9 44) JE talists. In Prince Edward Island we have {img education, and the wealth of the people | a!ready at work advancing the same object, 12'Saturday | 35! 40! 5 9}10 30) 9 7 . : ». A. BRUCE, ‘only one class, which combines in itself 1) have influenced the character of the siete, nor neglect efforts for their more general 13 Sunday 35) 42; 6 18:11 10) Dec. 20, 1883.—eod wkly 72 Qaeen Street, Charlottetown. proprietor, the tenant/and the iaborer. The|tion given in these institutions. In Cali- adoption, The agricultural shows have 14 Monday 35; 43! 7 26/11 50: amend profits of farming here are enjoyed by the fornia and Missouri, States abounding in| Probably done more within the present cen- . edited * “ . ae = | ' farmer and his family, except when divided mineral resources, there are courses in tl om pmpiole gr es any I\'Pharsday | 24\ 47/10 39! 1 ail tosome extent with laborers. It will at mining and metallurgy provided in the er Seen ae Pie tenes ve ver 18] Friday J | 34} asian 40! 2 21! )once be seen that collegiate instruction in institutions receiving national aid. In ee 1A oa as" in Boo as the 19, Saturday 33, 49,/morn| 3 6, 9 17 j otets # t fas, mh farming in a country where it is only manufacturing States the colleges have gen-| **v! ~t d ae. oh ccea a ae 20!Sunday | 331 50. 0 39} 4 4| necessary to educate one man for the man- }€Tally lent their aid to the prevailing inter- Coke. need over 101 a ee by Mr. 21 Monday 32! 52} 138, 5 9} ‘agement of perhaps thousands of acres of | ®t. In the great grain producing States of | \° es who, as an acknowledgment of his 22| Tuesday 31) 63| 2 36) 6 21 3 ’ land, can be obtained by means which the far west the colleges are rarely devoted | S€Tvice tp agriculture, a created Earl of 23|W ednesday 30! 54) 3 32! 7 28 ) would prove wholly inadequate where ten|to agriculture. It does not require skill to| Leicester. _, This annual festival,” says 24° Thursday | 99) 55] 4 = 8 35! |or perhaps fifty men require to be trained obtain remunerative crops from the newly-{Copeland, ‘‘will ever claim a page im 25 Priday : 28) 57,5 15''9 ba TOW a |to produce the same result. The English | broken prairie, and it is in the States where British agriculture, although in its orizin, 26 Saturday 26' 59) 6 11} 9 53, 87 ——NOW OPENING AT—— and Scotch farmers stand less in need of | the soil is more impoverished, and the rural | #"rangement, and entire pecunlery fup- 27 |Sunday 24/5 O1) 6 41/10 32) lagricultural education than any farmers|PoPUletion more dense, that the need of! port and maintenance, it was strictly 23| Monday 23; 2) 718 il & C6 5 in the world. Encouraged by the | Scientific agriculture is most felt. While it} private institution, yet the unbounded 29 Tuesday 22 4,4 Siit 46) ‘example of men of wealth and education |™ay be adinitted that there has been much public spirit and liberality of its founder 30 Wednesday | 20) 5 8 23 mers ‘like Alderman Machi- and stimulated by misdirection in the use of the national| g4ve it a world-wide fame, and drew to its 31 Thursday be 19, 6 8 52} @ 22 | foreign competition aa home markets, | bounty towards mechanical and agricultural exhibitions men of eminence in every branch a they have been the first to adopt the prac- education in the United States, yet it is of industry, and every station of life, from

the globe. Agriculturists, men of science, sta‘csmen, philosophers, merchants, mechan- ics, manufacturers, &c., were indiscrimi- bately invited to repair to the noble domain at the appointed time (usually the beginning

j ha 2 ° Tea (good), 28¢; better, 32c; |Ghing Tea and Moustache ularly good. In fact_it is mainly from ob-

4 HARDWARE. &C ti f h $ nel hbers? The Local Governm t of of June) where for three days they were 4 : best, 36c. on , r y &U. servation of the rules and practic s of the 8 4 ents sie ts ce Savings Bank Depariment, Sugar, good and cheap. pn ie Chinn end __. {best English and Scotch farmers that the|the Provinces have now more on entertained, not only by a display of the WILL BE— abd . ; ‘| oo sag ets, es and Forks, Pairs Carver|.oience of Agronomy»-or theoretical agri- |money to provide for. Out of the| oP each day the hall was thrown open to

Sets,

' and Fork, Bread Knives, Table Sets, Pitchers, Tum-

Pocket Knives and Scia-

vast areas of fertile lands in the Northwest |500 or 600 gust. Breeders of

culture, winch is taught.in their agricultural we te . g se the Domimion Parliament should set aside cattle and shex p were invited to exbibit

Molasses and Golden Syrup. | ee a eT colleges. » The agricultural colleges of Eng-

Extra choice Table Raisins, |

OPENED IST NOVEMBER, 1883,

on and after which date DEPOSITS OF $5 AND UPWARDS, will be taken and interest at the rate of

in finest DeHesa, Black | Basket & London Layers. |

blers, Goblets, Nappies, Cake, Pickle and Preserve Dishes, Syrup J ugs,Celery

sors, Tea Table and Des- sert Spoons, Crumb Tray and Brrsh, Tin Tea and

or farm managers.

land are used for the education of stewards In Germany a much larger proportion of the people are taking

a few millions of acres for the endowment of higher industrial schools in all the Prov- intes, ‘If this is not attended to soon, the

their particular products by which a spirit of emulation was excitcd, the influence of which will be felt upon egriculture to the

Choice Sultana and Valencia Glasses a few sets Coy- Coffee Pots Sets Dish . ° . ‘ : é ; aha stad : 8, advantage of the higher education which|lands will be disposed of, and with them|Temotest ages. At the dinner Four Per Cent, Per Annum hota Oheahone Cadk.. | ered Jugs. Covers, Broilers, “‘Poasters, ! their ibs bactenitcenh colleges or academies | Will go the last chance for our children to {given at the close of each day, the subjects Fiteen cel A emer f : Egg Boilers, Egg Beaters;} 7.7 While German agriculture is now in| Obtain that training which will enable them that had occupied the attention of the com- f ALLOWED THEREON, 7 vos | LAMPS, Flour Sifters, Patty Pans,!4 much less advanced state than that of|to compete with their neighbors in the in-|Pavy in the morning were freely discussed.

For further particulars apply to

Nuts, Eleme Figs, Confec-

tionery, Candied Citron, |[n Hand, Table, Hall, Din-

Lemon and Orange Peel. |

ing Room and_ Library

Jelly, Pudding and Cake Moulds, Papier Machie and other Tea Trays, Fancy

Great Britain, itis not at ail improbable that the tables will be turned before many

dustrial professions.

Tarning to the Dominion, the only

There men of rank and eninence from all parts of the world exchanged information on the different systems of husbandry,

: *% : a years. What dairy colleges have done for |College devoted to agriculture is the On- 4 Pp . ; F. H, ARNAUD, rae ee “<< | Lamps, Glasses & Shades.) Japanese Brackets, and/ihe dairying interest of Denmark, itis more|tario Agricultural “College, located at | Practised in different countries and climates. ie Oct. 30, 1883, AGENT, ick les, ay 6 Match Safes,Cruet Stands, | ¢, bable th La hinil ath (Guelph. This institut; a in| Men ofscience here began to publicly apply its : tracts, Apples, Cheese, EARTHERN AND CROCKERY-| Table Mats, Bath Room Oe tele A eed eta kee ha tees pA hy temper? les to the practice of husbandry, and é Onions, Mdstard; Vinegar, | WARE foe | do for the mixed husbandry of the German |1874, and as its name implies, is devoted | P t a at M anti at i at ; L. ARTHUR & CO., Catsup, Capers, Senaue , Sets, Umbrella Stands, ' empire. The first of the dairy schools was|}exclusively to teaching agriculture and the oa re, oe £0'5 f a4 ie ; aol nee Manioca, Sago, Tapioca, |In Teapots, Cups and Sau- Toon a ' ae gpd started at Copenhagen in 1836, and since|sciences on which itis based. It is en- : : Be tact he . Nek deal e Rk Z ; ~~ Prepared Oocoanut Meca~|--cern,-Ride-and—V-egetable|—a--2 earth, Hair, ocr that time it has on an average granted|tirély supported by Government, the net taided ft eo Le wr . aa ots chain ‘ GHNERAL ronii, Vermicilli, Broms Dishes, Plates, Tea Sets Blacklead, Scrub, Paint,’ diplomas to ten dairymen and. nineteen|annual expenditure in connection with it} T** aaa ei Gt inete’ gasnerings ; ; , ’ : aan | and other Brushes, Boys’ | dairymaids annually. Similar schools have{being about $20,000, while the expenditure that the embryo Danys and Liebeys Sret : Chocolate, Coeva, Potato| Baking Dishes, Jugs,/ 7.) Chests, Hatchets ng nee sy: . | met with that countenance and support * Sin Farina. Gelatine. Toilet Sets, Bowls. : ees been formed in other parts of Denmark and jon farm buildings, and on permanent im- biti: tdadhoaiee told the’ inion ‘ot ceeenmieal . Commission er chants Brooms, Whisks, Baakets,| Skates, ete.. ete. Cowcer, northern Europe. provements had, up to 1880, reached about} *- aT dias teed oa aenleaee J CANNED CO0ODS, Buckets, Tubs Wash. Shot, Gun Pre oct These institutions have almost revo-|$200,000. ‘There is in this institution a Sadia? sa t} Viaeevete of TT adiaeaiad j boards, Rolling . Pins, Nipples, Cow Oe ee lutionized the butter trade of the world. A {course of study and a course of apprentice-| (0°82) 0" ™ Utes Sys ins 0, “er “* ie : 121 ATLANTIC AVENUE In Peach, Pear, Pine Apple,| Pounders Chains, ati ards, ' few years ago Denmark was comparatively |ship, the students being required to work |° ok y Mp elie! thee tare ares ie : ’ Strawberry Cherry Toma- F Curry «Combs, ‘Weaver®| unknown as a @airy ‘country, but her ex-|from three and a-half to five hours a day, ety ased. : \onor A re me ata ° {ROSS MARKET) a aaa Peas, "Baked \Best American Kerosene, in Reeds, Lanterns. port of butter has reached thirty-five | for which they are allowed from four to ten sactitad (i beatae ace "ee Caeeamiad : Beans. Salmon, Mackerdl, | cadks ald’ kT ahd 5 gal. millions of pounds in one year, or nearly | cents per hour, according to the value of} oy... hl abit dd al a ; BOSTOM, se &BH-! tobstes. ce : soul F SLEICH ROBES, eighteen pounds per head of the population. |their labor, From a statement submitted tos aa, saieetae th: > a P ro - mntehataioeatates Syrups time Joie. that i de.” cad? Jeune and ge is of stil greates Senne, to rnebdt YA MME’ Johomms bane — eb Gh a who nt r "a athe way ‘oliines . ; "Coffe ; , . anish butter sells in the English market/in 1880, r. Johnson, late President | ree ee ee one ae { Eggs and Produce a Specialty. aa Fee. £88 a LOOKING CLASSES, Wolf. at higher prices than the best irish butter, |of the College, we learn that 330 students tee eee io are ae ee April 26, 1883.—wkly tf Rie Briss Wax Can-/A large assortment. Sleich Bellé Whips, H hitherto regarded as the best in the world. | had up to that time entered their names on |" a es ee ete ee | tre el he’ le Sham: cigh Bells,” Whips, Har-’ py their superior skill in making and curing|the Roll. Of that number 288 had let the| | The first agricultvsal society, of which » , a : ) , utter, thé Danes are able to send their | institution, of whom wers known to be 0 y acoount, is the : SULLIVAN X MACNEILL, a “nes Cee an product to hot countries, and have obtained | following agriculture, horticulture, or the eeemee eer ff Seon: eae é : re Institution o e Boa

ATTORNEYS -AT-LAW

Solicitors in Chancery,

NOTARIES PUBLIC, &c¢.

OF FICES— O’Halloran’s Building, Great George Street, Charlottetown. Gar Money to Loan, W. W. Sctuvan, Q. 0. | Cuss7ar B. Macuaitt Jan. 16, 83.

eect tt ACC ON ———

GEORGE TWEEDY, —

ATTORNEY - AT - LAW,

Notary Public, &c.

OF FICE— West Side of Queen Street, Char- lottetown, next door to Stevenson's Tin Shop.

July 25, 1883.—dy wkly 6m

EDWARD T. RUSSEL & C0., GEN BRAL

—_—_— +

Please calland examine. Goods shown freely. Tbankful for past favors, we solicit

HENRY BEER.

a continuance.

Charlottetown, Dec. 11, 1883.—taw and wky

‘S

THE EXAMINER:

JOB PRINTING OFFICE

HAS LATELY BEEN REPLENISHED WITH

A Large Supply of Printing Types and Material

OF THE LATEST INVENTION AND BEST DESCRIPTION,

AND WE ARE NOW PREPARED,

Under the Careful and Skilful Supervision of Mr. J. W. Mitchell,

control of the Brazillian market. The ‘system of dairy education, which has _pro- duced such wonderful results in Denmark, could not, however, do as much for Prince Edward Island. In Denmark the average number of cows kept on a dairy farm is fully twenty times as great as jn this Island,

France, like Germany, hasa system of agricultural education. The Farm Schools of France were founded on a recommen- dation of M. Cousin who became Minister of Public Instruction in 1840. The scheme embraced one of these schools for each of the eighty-six. departments into which France is politically divided. The Farm Schools of France are placed in charge of the best farmer in the departments, as director, and with him are associated in- structors in the different department of agricultural education. There are also three Agricultural Colleges in France in which a higher agricultural education is imparted. When it is borne in mind that a system of peasant proprietorship exists in France, the great bulk of the land being divided into farms of less than seven acres each, it must be evident that the common school - offers the only feasible medium threugh which to educate the farmers of the country.

Iudustrial education has received in the

veterinary profession. There is a farm of 550 acres connected with the College, on which experimental farming is being carried on. The number of students vary from 130 to 200. Admitting that the course of instruction at Guelph is very practical, it would almost appear that the results are disproportionate to the outlay. The ex- penditure on capital account up to 1880 amounted, as already stated, to $200,000, and the annual expenditure to $20,000, which, at 5 per cent., represents a capital of $400,000, while in the first six years the College only sent out 172 students, who adopted agricultural, horticultural or veterinary employments. But this is not a fair way of estimating the good which a school cf this kind is effecting. It may be that in the educating inflaence of their example in farming, in the part which their training enables them to take in agricultural gatherings, and in their con- tributions to the agricultural press, the students of Guelph are making a return to the Province for the large expenditure in- curred in giving ‘t@em an agricultural edu- cation. It must also be observed that notwithstanding the large outlay on this College, it is still a matter of complaint ‘that ‘the equipment is defective. The library is small, the museum is only a mere beginning, and there is no laboratory worthy

ed 1784. Agriculture in England followed in 1794. The Highland Society is still in existence, and has exerted a wonderful influence on agriculture in Scotland, and eyen extending to other countries. Under its auspices, premiums have been given for ‘discoveries in every branch of agriculture.

In 1848 it took up the work previously carried on by ‘he Agricultural Chemistry Association, end devoted special attention to the analysis of artificial manures, and the prevention in this way of the enormous frauds perpetrated on farmers by the manu- facture and sale of adulterated fertilizers. The English Board of Agriculture was dissolved in 1819, but the Smithfield Farm- er’s Club was organized immediately after- wards, and under its auspices new and im- proved breeds of stock were introduced, and farmers were stimulated to enquiry in their profession.

The establishment in 1838 of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, under the auspices of the late Prince Albert, may be considered an important era in the history of British agriculture. The membership of the Society embraces a large number of the most influential men in England, and by its publications, and hy the great annual show which is held under its auspices, has done an untold amount of good in improv-

s . United States a large share of attention the name. Looking at the great wealth of|ing the stock and general husbandry of Commission ere all 5, O FPRINT during the last twenty years. Under the the Province of Ontario, and her vast agri-| England. More recently, Agricultural Lr American ‘constitution, as in the Dominion |cultaral resources, it cannot be doubted) Societies have sprung up all over

NO, 264 STATE STREET, BOSTON.

Particular attention given to the sale of Fish and Prodace of all kinds,

June 22, 1883.-—6m

<UBSORIBE for the WEEKLY EXA MIN) ER, Only ONE DOLLAR a year.

BILL HPABS, ' BLANK CHEQUES, NOTES OF HAND, HAND BILLS,

LETTER HEADS,

RECEIPTS, : POSTERS, ) DODGERS, &c¢., Ke.,

. . S : | e grant is orth i e fourth section On Short Notice, in Good Style, at'Cheap® Prites, 2° foc: “Shisn ways’ that the money

‘of Canada, education is assigned to the

| States or Provincial Authorities, but in 1862 the United States Congress passed an

} i

|Act setting aside 9,600,000 acres of the)

‘Federal lands for the benefit of agriculture ‘and the mechanic arts, on the basia of 30,000 acres to each vote cast by a State for the election of President. The object of

that a thoroughly equipped agricultural |

college will in the end contribute largely to the improvement of agriculture. From the hasty glance we have now given

the fair and cattle show is an_ institution of every civilized conntry. Looking at the great benefits arising from agricultural societies

the world, and

at thew#gricultural colleges of other coun- tries, it must be at once evident that! the founding of an agricultural college) in this Island, or even the estab-/ lishment of an_ efficient department

it may well be asked why we have not such an organization in Prince Edward Island 1 There was at one time an institution of this kind in existence here, but it was allowed to go down for the want of adequate sup-

‘of higher agricultural education in the’ port. While it is highly gratifying to note