l. ‘W: » iii vi A‘ j . a”

‘PAGE FOUR TH E GUARDIAN

Morning Daily Wounded us 1M1) Authorised in Pffrlrllfl (‘tun Hell. Poet Offlag Degas-minus, Ottawa.

The lalnuzl Guardian ruhllahlnn 0Q. lanai- and bliriilllll] .. . . J B. Barnett Annsilate Edllsrr, Frank Walhae.

CThe Strongest Memory is Weaker Than -the Weakest ink.‘

EHABLOTTETOTVN, THURSDAY, JULY 21, 1949

Handicraft Exhibits

A feature which is being looked forward to with much interest is the revival of the handicraft exhibition durin-g Old Home Week at the Provincial Exhibition building. Sponsored by the Women's institutes with the co-operation of the Exhibition management, the classes will in- clude art and floral exhibits, hooked rugs, cro- cheting and embroidery, and domestic cooking and canning. Next year it is hoped to extend the classes considerably, along lines indicated by the showing which will be made this year.

ln the meantime, exhibitors are requested to send in as much work as they can, and not merely one entry, in order to make the showing as varied and interesting as possible. Those having handicraft in their homes exhibited in years gone by are also invited to send them in for display. There will be no prizes given for these, but the co-oper-ation of past exhibitors in this respect will be much appreciated. All en- tries in handicraft should be in by July 30, and the exhibits by l o'clock an August i5.

lt is eight or nine years since the last han- dicraft exhibition here, but some very fine work has been displayed at district conventions of the Women's institutes and there is no doubt but that with Province-wide cooperation this feature of our big annual Fair can be revived with great success.

Seed iiolour Tests

Much interest has been taken in recent years in methods of estimating seed vitality by means of chemicals that stain living tissue but leave dead tissue unstained. Two such chemicals are sodium biselenite and tetrazolium chloride. When seeds are soaked in dilute solutions of these chemicals, parts of them turn pink. Scien- tists are studying if it is possible to say whether a seed is alive or not by carefully noting what parts of the seed have taken the pink colour and how deep a shade of pink has been developed. if so, such a test would be of great value, since it can be completed in about 24 hours instead of l0-l2 days as is required, for example, for cereals, says Mr. C. W. Leggott, who is in charge of seed research for the Dominion Department of Agriculture.

Some success has been obtained with cer- tain kinds of seeds, but unfortunately the method does not work satisfactorily with all samples. Seeds which are completely worthless and dead do not stain, and seeds which are of

., high vitalitytakethe stain well, but, so do some

reeds which, while not dead, are of such low vi- tality that in a regular germination test they would be counted as worthless. Since many samples contain more or less of these, it is diffi- cult to make a reasonably close estimate of the value of the sample as a whole.

The vital parts of a seed are not as a rule visible from a surface examination, accordingly each seed must be cut in two with a very sharp knife and the cut surface examined. All this takes a great deal af time, and while results can be obtained more quickly than by the regular germination test, not nearly as many samples can be handled by the analytical staff in a given period of time by the chemical test as by the germination test.

Attempts have been made to use the test for cereals without cutting seeds. The results seem reasonably satisfactory for very high ritality seeds and for very low vitality seeds but for seeds in the range of about 65 to 85 per cent germination the method is too uncertain. lt is in this range that the germination standards lie for cereal seeds graded under the Seeds Act.

The stain is believed to be the result of a reaction between the chemical and certain sub- stances connected with the respiration of the reed. If this is the case, the more active is the respiration, the more actively the stain will be produced. Many seeds undergo a period of dar- mancy during which respiration is greatly re- duced. Under such conditions active production of the stain cannot be expected, even though the seeds are fully alive and will show high vi- tality when the doriadrlcy is broken. Thus the chemical test may be unreliable for seed in the dormant condition. Regular germination meth- ods employ special treatments to break dorman- :y but if these were employed before using g chemical test, ‘much of the advantage of the latter in gain of time would be lost.

The chemical method of estimating seed vi- tality must, therefore, be looked upon as un- proven. Much research, it is stated in a Depart- ment newsletter, will be required before it will become a day to day method for testing seed.

Indian Legislator In B. 0

The election of a full-blooded lndian, a nominee of the C. C. F., to the British Columbia Legislature is regarded as an event of import- ance far transcending party lines. More than any other Province British Columbia, perhaps un- justly, has had the reputation of racial discrim- ination. That reputation is denied when a citi- zen of a small and weak minority is elected aver candidates of white origins.

This event is the latest in a series which shows that British Colombians in general are determined to root out old racial prejudices. About a year ago the Legislature enfranchised Chinese and Canadians train India - a decis- ianwhich would have been quite unthinkable before the last war. ‘Ihfs year native Indians were

the,veto for the first time and used it

tho recon-provincial election. That, too,

able a few years back.

It is taken for granted in British Columbia now that the Japanese will be given the vote and hence full citizenship before another provincial election. The denial of these rights to one min- ority, when they have been finally granted to others, is so illogical that no political party ser- iously defends it.

JEDITURIAL NOTES!‘

lf the Boy Scout Movement is to be com- mercialized that is the beginning of the end of Baden Powell's great ideal. Live lobsters being bailed daily in N. Efsfomp at Ottawa.

Reports from China tell of the waist flood- ing of the Yangtse and Yellow Rivers since the turn of the century. "China's Sorrow" is now

a communist headache. i

a a

"Meenisters" enjoy a picnic just as much heartily as children do, and that's why P. E. l. Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church of Can- ada met in session at Camp Kier, New Lon- don. it couldn't exactly be called "a retreat" but it no doubt served the some purpose.

I

a or

The announced "austerity" policy for Brit- ain and sterling currency members of the Com- monwealth makes one wonder how to refer to conditions as they existed until now. Perhaps it was war-time controls, post-war restrictions and now, peace-time austerity.

An "invisible" Canadian export which we seldom think of as helping to maintain our dol- lar position is life insurance. According to the Canadian life insurance officers association no less than 40 per cent of Canadian life com- panies’ business is export. i

or

Needs must when the devil drives. Labour governments in both England and Australia are using troops to replace strikers because the safe- ty of the state requires it. The move has the support of other political parties, but had Labour been in apposition it can hardly be doubted that its attitude would have been quite other- wise.

er

The Trade Department's move in sending additional trade promotional staff to key Ameri- can centres is a timely one and represents a positive approach to the dollar problem as com- pared with thinking in terms of restrictions. it seems long ago, however, that Government spokesmen complained of having nothing fur- ther to sell abroad. i‘

i I

I

The tricks of international trading for the mighty dollar. The New Zealand government is being urged to prevent possible resale of New Zealand wool sent to European firms. Some United States buyers have been absent from Auckland sales, and wool interests have charg- ed that some American firms are buying New Zealand wool from Europe at a ‘discountfww

I i‘ i

Reg Cokebread comes of a well-known family of Melbourne horse trainers and rough riders, and has won many trophies at buckjump- ing shows. But he met his Waterloo when he was visiting his sister. To entertain the children he mounted a rocking horse, fell off and broke his collarbone. He wa: not amused, but everyone

else was.

Q I i

interfering with the laws of nature do not invariably-if ever-bring about beneficial re- sults. The New York World-Telegram says it has made its first and last effort to break the east-coast drought by dropping dry ice on the clouds. Reporter Murray Davis dumped half his planeload of dry ice over Jamaica Bay. No rain. He dropped the rest over Kenisco reservoir. No rain. "ice was too dry, maybe," the World-Tele- gram decided in its headline. fi i 1r

An Ottawa correspondent of the Montreal Gazette says a careful Government mid-year economic survey, for from finding traces of any business recession, indicates that by the end of this year, public and private capital expendi- tures during i949 will run a full $100,000,000 higher than the original $3,300,000,000 estimate fixed in January, it is announced at Ottawa. The appraisal, just completed by the Economic Research and Development Branch of the Trade and Commerce Depratment, forecasts a record year for investment activity in Canada.

I U l

Every province is after a share of New- foundland trade, even distant Saskatchewan. Trade between the Prairies and Newfoundland via Hudson Bay "is a possibility being locked into," Frank Eliason, secretary of the Hudson Bay Association, declares. Premier Smullwood of Newfoundland had been corresponding with the association's headquarters and "we hope to be able to work out something," he said. "Feed grain for dairy cattle," Mr. Eliason said, "might be one of the trade items and it is possible the Prairies could import saltwater fish. We would like to have some interested commercial con- tracts in Newfoundland but details have not yet been worked out."

I U I

Robert Burns, poet and philosopher, died this date i796. Born and raised on a farm, he steeped his mind in the English classics and so laid the foundation of that virile prose style which afterwards became remarkable. He also mastered the first six books of Euclid and even dabbled in Latin. He wrote masterpiece after masterpiece with a rapidity, an assurance, a command of means, a briilioncy of effect which made his achievement one of the most remark- able in English letters. Like Shakespeare, Burns borrowed from early writers he had read -mat- ter, phrase and metre. To Robert Ferguson in particular he owed a large debt, which he hon- aurably acknowledged by placing a memorial stone aver the young poet in Edinburgh:

it's gold‘ to be merry and wise,

it's guid to br honest and true,

‘racial minority» still de-

alel the franchise are the Canadian Japanese.

It's giiid to supp rt Ciiledonids cause Aiiil bide by

e buff and the blue.

THE GUARDIAN.

AT THE END

There is a port of me that knows Beneath lncertltude and fear. I shall not perlsh when I pass Beyond mortalltyb frontier. But greatly having joyed and grieved, Grastly content, shall hear the E Of the strange wind across the lone Bright lands of iaciturnlty.

In patience therefore I await

My friend's unchanged benign re- gard-

Some April when I too shall be

Spill. water from s. broken shard.

—Bllss Carmen.

$00M 0 Old Charlottetown (And P. l. L)

IAILOIFS PETITION

Journal of the House of Assem- bly, March 8, 1849:

"A petition of Hugh Logan, Jallar of the Georgetown Jail, was pre- sented to the House by Mr. H. Mac- Donald, and the some was received and read, praying full indemnifica- tion for his loss sustained by the escape of a prlsoner—whose debt he Was obliged to pay—in consequence of the insufficiency of the Jail Yard fence.

"A motion being made, that the said petition do lie on the Table— “Mr. Fraser moved. in amend- ment, that the prayer of the said petition be rejected. And the mo- tion being seconded. and the ques- tion put thereon, it was carried in the affirmative, and ordered ac- cardingly."

Political Life In France

(By Remy Roux-e)

The return of M. Leon Blum to more extensive political activities has received much attention. The Socialist leader had been ill for a. long time and it was to be feared that. his retirement to the charm- ing Parisian suburb of Jouy-en- Jasas was to be lasting.

In truth, since his return from deportation 1n Germany, M. Leon Blum has never, except for a few brief moments, taken part. again in the battles of the forum. Doubt- lc-ss he had made important speeches in the first two con- gresses of his party in 1945 and 1946. He had presided over the homogenlous Socialist government. for a few weeks in December 1946 and in January 1947, but he had seemingly never succeeded in 1m- poslng the COWUEISHOHFWIITCTI- he developed in his book "A lTchclle

d-Iumaine", written adoring his ‘ca-

tivlty.

Even at the congress of 1946. the majority of the delegates led by M. Guy Mallet, had token posi- tion agslnst him. The answer of the old socialist leader was not without some bitterness No doubt, after the experience of power and of resistance uricler the enemy occupation, he had dreamed of is socialism less doctrlnary, less rigid, of on attenuated marxlsm. l-lis party did not follow him. “It was inevitable," he had exclaimed. "that in this state of confused iss- plratlon of a nation which, as o whole. was in search of new forms for its liberated life, the party should make an effort to rid our doctrine of a part of the old ambiguities which weighed on

. that we should be brought to show more powerfully that the Socialist city is neither a bar- racks nor a. cloister, that. equality is not uniformity, that it consists, on the contrary, in placing each individual in his exact place, ln the social station which falls to him. the place which his natural recognized vocation allots to him and which is cultivated by society itself. that. Socialism thus does not. deny, but that it looks for. that it develops, that it proposes ta utilize for the common good, iitllvpersanal orlglnallties and mer-

s.’ '

This "humanitarian" Socialism had not been understood. However. it cannot be denied that the jiarty of M. Leon Blum has been brought l0 BPhly it since the retirement of its old leader, that M. Guy Mallet would riot. today renew the criil- clsms which he formulated in 1936. 7'11!‘ Very fact that It is indispen- sable for the party to continue to rrrlliihoriite in the government with the M. R. P. testifies to this. It is equally certain that the ever more strongly marked opposition to Corn- munlsm played a part in this evolii-

lion.

one

Today M. Leon Blum professes to be an optimist. "The position of the 506mm." he Writes. "is consoli- dating itself through the world, . - .. the progress toward Sociol- lsm is accentuated and accelerates under our very eyes in France as lri the rest of the world." The So- cialist party “la beginning to be- come conscious of the work which it has accomplished.”

Is thé optimism of M. Leon Blum justified? Without doubt. a greet number of countries in Welt- i-rn Europe. Great Britain. France, Belgium. Italy, the Scandinavian r-ountrles. have socialist goverh- merits or governments in which socialists participate. Social demo- cracy. unlted with Christian Social parties. is predominant in Germany and Austria. But central and east- ern Europe and part of Germany are under the regime of popular democracies, and the rift. between the two plrll of the world is deep. Can a clash be avoided?

In any case, the return of M Leon Blum. not perhaps in the form of absolute political activity, but. by articles, advice, perhaps apeechea, can. it seems to ue. Influence the socialist party in the direction of participation in the government a collaboration which has been rome- wliat questioned lately by the. of- fensive of "liberals" ln the sense of the conceptions which the old

CHARLOTTETOWN Points

i.oci<v reitow- cm oer a aooo TAN- woizi< UP AN APPETiTE l-lAVlNG IN we FRESH mo. THESE BEAUTIFUL

0f lllrw

LUCKY FELLOW‘ SiTS AROUND A NlC€ COOL DARK OFFICE-OUT OF THE l-lOT SUN ALL

DAY Til-L SUPPE R ~

Appeasement Doesn't Pay

When the asbestos mines strike in Asbestos, Que. was at its height, the labor union calling out the men "clearly adopted unlawful methods to gain its objective." Hardware and Metal asserts 1n e lead editorial.

"Workers are given legal rights —and properly so-lri the matter of striking and picketlng," the business newspaper continues. "Ev- ery fair-minded individual wants to see them gei what should be earning to them for the work they do. No one would deny those who want. to do a fair day's labor from participating in pension, insur- ance and other beneficial schemes in co-operatlon with their em- players. '

“But, for several years now. far too much lawlessness has been per- miffed to go on in Ontario as well as in Quebec. A law is a. law and

Seven Cents May Be $l35 Million

(in: Scene) Sixteen unions of railway work-

ers have put their heads together and formulated their annual de- mands for wage increases. This time they are asking for a raise of seven cents an hour. together with forty-eight hours pay for a forty-hour week. They don't. want a forty-hour week. and would he disappointed if they got l-t. What they do want is a forty-eight. hour week with a full week's pay for the first. forty hours and over- time rates for the other eight hours. Overtime rates are at least one and one-half tlimes the regular rates.

These demands, lf granted. will work out something like this: The present wage rates for the workers ln-volved in this applica- tion average about; $1.07 per hour. A seven cent. rise would bring this

as such ought to be fairly en- forced wlthout. favor or dlscrlm-j lnatlorr. Politics should not be a consideration in permitting anyonel to overstep the lawful line. He should be immediately apprehend-i ed and dealt, with according w the‘ statues."

glll _ Age-Old Story gl

z-z-uz-i-z-z-i-x-r-r-g-m-r.“arm;

I will forgive their iniquity, and 1 will remember their sin no; more.

socialist leader had exposed in 1935 l and 1936. This is in any case, a pa- i litlcril event which cannot pass

unnoticed.

"Humanitarian" socialism is at the present moment, being attack- ed from two quarters on the left;

from one quarter, it goes without

saying, by Stalin communism, from

the other by extreme. left-wing, anti-Stalin socialism, directed bv the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre

and M. David Roussel, the Russ-im- blement, democratique revolution- nalre" (Democratic revolutionary assembly). The "orthodox" socialist party keeps its organization. and a part of its cadres. 1t resisted effec- tively the assaults of its opponents at the time of the elections for the general Councils. But. it is in

the international order of the West that It appears to keep its mast important force, in spite of a cer- tln electoral weakening of the Lab- , our Party. It will be interesting to‘. see how M. Leon Blum today ap-' preciatesi this notional and inter-l national situation, and what reoer- ciisslon his Indications will have on his party and parliamentary llfo.

Japan's oowivrnm!

MELBOURNE. Australia — Reg Cakebread, one of Australia's best- known horse trainers and rough- rlders, met his Waterloo while visiting his sister. To entertain the children he mounted a rocking horse. Hi‘! fell off and broke his collarbone.

NEW DECK?

PRINCE RUPERT. BC. - (OP) - olathematlelaris will probably be hard put to figure out the astron- omical odds of this one. Recently four Prince Rupert ladies each had a perfect hand in a one-round bridle deal.

LONDON - (C?) —At the end of May. 11,673,950 radio licences were current in the United King- dom-an increase of 50.950 over

up to $1.14 per hour, or $54.72 for a 48-hour week. If this weekly wage is to be paid for 40 hours work it will be equal to $1.37 per hour. and the overtime rates will be 1% times $1.37 or $2.05 per hour. A full week's wages should be

40 hours regular time ..... .. 54.72 8 hours over itime at $2.05.... .16.40

Total 48 hours ..... ..$'Il.l2 This is equivalen£1bT$1T48 per

hour for all hours worked. So. when it, is all figured out the ln- crease demanded ls the difference between $1.07 and $1.48. or 41c per hour. This would raise the aver- age worker's wages by a little over $1,000.00 a year.

Multiply that by 135.000, the number of employees involved. and we fl_rid the cost to the railways would be 135 million dollars a year or $10.00 each for every man, woman and child in Canada.