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riiiLciiaiziorrcrown CGUARDIAN_.__.___

y 1111-: GIIARLOTTEIOWII lilllilillllli

Homing Dally irunndevl in i811) Authorised a: Eecnnd Gian Man Poet Office Department. Ottawa

The Guardian may be ibtalned at: llub loaaueo Show. Mom-ion. N- l- ' Th; New. Shop. Munetvn. N. B. George McLean, Pietuu N S.

Walker‘: White Spot. ll Salter 5t. Halifax, NJ. Metropolitan News Agency, U48 Peel Se. Montreal. United Cigar Stores. Chateau Lanrler, Ottawa Olt.

B. Aitken, lord Elgin‘; Motel Ottawa, Ont.

J. Fine. 3M Bay Sh, Toronto. OIL Wolfe's News Stand, Sudbury, Ont.

Old South News. cor, nun and Washington Sh.

Boston Rotating’; Nan Agency, Timer Building New York.

President: W. Chester B. McLure, M}. Vine-President: l. R. Burnett FJL Secretary: Iii-iii Col. i). \ lvlmKinnou. 0.8.0. Editor and Managing Director: l B. Burnett. FJJ. Associate hdltors: Frank Walker and Ian A. Burnett

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker The! the Weakest Ink."

‘IHURTSDAY MAY 9, i946

A New Security Tax

‘fir-t from the Conference ‘collapse, the

liiaiur and m1»: drscpnccrtiiig prospcct at prcs- L-nt Ylsilllt‘ on th; licdcrztl horizon, says an Ut- fawa dispatch, is lfinancc Minister _|. L. llslrfs rcportcd plan to lt*\'\' a ncw Social Scctirity tax in his forthcoming lmdgcl.

Libcral .\l. l'.\ llllll lllQ prtiposzil laid he- furc thcni fur tlic fir-t linu: on their return from tho l§:1>tci- l'k'€('~\ pf the llotisc of Com- nrnns, 'l"h'.-v wore definitely unenthusiastic

m-cr it, but thcrt- is nothing to silggcst that thcir laclc of ardour has changed lhe Finance hlinistcfs intentions in regard t0 it.

Here is the scheme in bricf:

.\ tax will be levied on a percentage basis -—probably a straight fire per cet1t—0n all in- comes save those at pr iu-"t slightly above the (ild-aige pension lt-u-l. It will have a cciliiig placed upon it in the neighbourhood of $3,000 so as t0 not to add unduly to the load of persons with stibstantial incomes alrcatly fairly heavily tax burdened. l1 will aim at an annual yield something more than onc-quartcr billion dol- lars. and this income will be used to finance the social legislation which mushrooined on the Dominioifs statute hooks just before the last Federal gcncrttl clcction. It will meet the cost of family allowances, of prospective increases in old-age PCDSlOIIs. and of the pending scheme of national health insurance.

The thing about such a tax which has vote- conscious Liberal M. R's so badly worried is the suddcnncss with which it is being sprung upon the Canadian people. Hitherto the of- ficial Liberal btiild-tip for family allowances and all such measures has been to the effect llllilt they rcprcscm the manna which Canadian electors harvest freely as a reward for returning the, Mackenzie King Government to power. The idea that such legislation is not manna at all, but that it: Illllat be paid for and that, proportion- ately, the small-income citizen must bear the greatest share of the cost, is a new and revolti- tionary (mg for the Ministry t0 sponsor. Liberal M. P]: arc- franldy pessimistic over the chances of it winning any rcndy public acceptance.

What a sectirity tax of the nature riow bc- ing proposed would mean is that individual Can- adians, from the day at which their adult earn- ing power started until the day at which it ceas- ed, would be taxed in order that they might draw family allowances during the relatively short period in their lifetime ivhen they are rearing children. Long before the family allowances are received and long after they have ceased to be paid, the tax on the individual will exist and continue.

Ministers in the Mackenzie King Cabinet profess to sce nothing wrong in such taxation. They call it “spreading the costs of raising a family ovcr thc individual's ccotiomic life-tints." That is simply a rotnid-about and impressive way of describing virtually a life-time raise in the individurills taxrs.

Similarly, lht: (‘abinct Ministers, in their ncw-fmiiul zt-al tn dcincinstratc that social legis- lation is tint manna lllll something for which the lZiXl)El_\'(‘l'~‘ niu-"t pav. argue that an individual should nut ubjcct tp bring taxed from the time he becomes an adult for thc pcnsion that he is

promised if he rcachcsallrl agc, or that he should in cffcct, through his Social Security tax, sliarc with tlic sllllc‘ tlu- economics brought to him by tht- proposed scheme 0f national

health l|l\lll‘{lllC('. .\s n-urrit-d Libcral Nl. l'.'s vicw the pro- posctl tax, 1hr pcrtincnt fact about it is nnt cithcr it. logic pr its inircasonablencss. but rather the “double truss" which the public will discern in it. Whcn family allowances and other social legislation schemes first were propound- cd by the Liberal (invcrnment, the public was told that it needn't look any of the gift horses sponsored by the Mackenzie King Cabinet in the mouth. Now the public is on the point of having the soundness confirmed of its original suspicions of any DTC-ClCCllOII gifts which Mr. King and his political colleagues might proffer. The voters are discovering that what they were offered in the guise of free payments from the state was actually higher taxatiom-with the _'edded burden imposed mainly on the low-in-

Jome groups.

iilieep And. Wool Production

imitated marketings of sheep from Can- last year reduced their numbers by pa (comparing the count at December in ivitbthai of a year revious) and A ‘new low since tie 1941 enum- CUIClQiSQ was common to all prov- iiibrg.»fnvarked in the case of New t l‘ _ " and the four western prov- ‘cf priority among the prev- nemains the some.

l» unthcfamuunihe r, with percentage de-

fied" ‘mm 31¢ 511m 43k in 1944 in brackets, l"! Riven as follow: in the latest issue of Agri- cultural and Industrial Prograss‘ in Canada: Alberta, 680,800 (12.2); Qugbgq, 543,900 (12-4); Onlafll), 449-100 (9); Saskatchewan, 393,600 (12.4); Manitoba, 145.000 (30.6); NOW! SW53. 95400 (3.7); British Columbia, 74,600 (12.7); New Brunswick. 54.400 (20.1); Prince Edward Island, 28,000 (9.1).

Total wool production in Capada last year amounted to 19,626,000 pounds, an incffagg of 347,000 pounds over the I944 production. Al- though shorn wool production declined by over 600,000 pounds from the I944 yield, this was more than offset by an increase of nearly one million pounds in pulled wool, a reflection of the appreciable increase in sheep and lamb mar- ketlnfls during I945. Apparent consumption 0f wool in Canada in 194$ was nearly 11 mil- lion pounds higher than in 1944. The gross value of shorn wool production in 1945 is esti- mated at $4,020,000 which is slightly below the 1944 value of $4,106,000. Cash income from shorn wool sold off farms last year amounted to $3,661,000, a decrease of $106,000 from the in- come of 1944. '

Gross income from shorn wool by prov- inccs, last year, with I944 figures in brackets, were: Alberta, $1,214,000 ($1,257,000); Ont- ario, $813,000 ($834,000); Saskatchewan, $626000 ($614,000); Quebec, $602,000 ($608,- 000); Manitoba, $259,000 ($283,000); Nova Scotia, $164,000 ($176,000); British Columbia, $164,000 ($171,000); New Brunswick, $114,- 000 ($103,000); Prince Edward Island, $64,- 000 (51360-000)

-ltDI IURIAL NU I ES-

Official end of the war in Ettrope this

date, 1945.

U U C I

Scvastopol recaptured by the Russians this date I944.

i 1 l i

Canadians spent $99,000 evcry day during 1945 to kccp abreast of the news in Canadian daily newspapers.

U W I i

The only Provincial Premier who was welcomed home from the Ottawa Conference by a public demonstration was Mr. Duplcssis, who was met at the Union Station, Quebec, by a cheering crowd of over 5,000.

U i I I

As an indication of the reliance of the pub- lic on newspapers, a consumer survey in Ilous- ton, Texas, revealed that 75% of the families depend on newspaper advertising when making

family purchases. i

1 l i

.

It was throwing words away trying to gct the sevcn malcontents in the House of Com- mons to admit of the necessity and desirability of granting the Federal loan to the British (Jov- crnmcnt. To be convinced against their will would have been to be of the same opinion still till the end of the chapter.

1K 1F ill It!

In a recent issue of the Canadian Agricultural Institute Review is a most interesting article 0n D.D.T. insecticide spray by Andrew P. Les- lie. Mr. Leslie, a graduate in Forestry 0f the Toronto Utiiversity, is ClnplOyul by lllg Ontario

Government. He is an Islander, a native of Morell. a- v w- w hlr. Churchill during the war announced

he was‘nol “liquidating the British limpirc." The King is 0f like opinion. Thrce thousand acres are being added to the King's estates at Sandringham. Negotiations have been com- plated for the purchase from the blarquess of Cholmoiidcley of land adjoining the royal cs- tates, including three large farms, a number of small holdings, and part of the villages of Great Bircham and Bircham Tofts. The King intends everything possible to be done t0 pre- serve the rural amenities 0f the area and has agreed to provide a playground and sports pav- ilion for Bircham Parish Council. I

Encouraging. Strikes, possible runaway inflation and an “explosive type of boom" to be followed by a severe depression, are groundless causes for worry, says Mr. T. G. MacGowan, manager of market research for Firestone Tire 81 Rubber Company, Akron O. The total number of people 0n strike has not at any time been an alarming proportion 0f the labour force and inflation will not get out of hand, he claims. As far as a boom is concern- td. stock prices may boom but this needn't af- fect prices generally. “All in all 1946 as a whole should be exceptionally good for husi- ness, and the volume of production (not allow- ing for price changes) will not be too much below thetof I945."

I i I l

The new approach to Protestant Church Union in England is to be along the lines of Confederation. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, who attended the Jubilee Congress of the Free Church Federal Council in Westminster Chapel to extend the greetings of the Church of England, invited the leaders of the Free Churches to consider whether they wished to revive the question of reunion as a. vital issue, ‘so that any proposals they might desire to make could be discussed at the next Lambeth Conference, in 1948. “Reunion, when i1 comes, if by God’: grace, it does, will be re- union of the Church of Englandflhe added. “It will not be reunion with the Church of Eng- land by you. I want you to weigh that phrase. It will not be reunion with the Church of Eng- land; it will be reunion of the Church of Eng- land, for you and I were in origin the Church of England in this country, and in a real sense we still remain the Church of England in this country. When we come together we bdcomc again the Church of England. l look forward to a time when the Church of England. having been reunited. the Methodists, Congregational- iptl, the Baptists, and the Presbyterian: will, within that reunited Church, still function with an identity of their own much as the different

order: function within the Rams‘ Ceilidh! with an Identity efiteir on.”

Notes By The Wu;

A WWII acamni ffle . a i-llrflfid reoentLv INTI! gregieo To mudh amused with m e a9 11:05‘ had them-when litical v3:-

e mind 1: he and Seotmltiti soldiers we if they ex- iihey came from Scori- land or Britain. ‘Hiereeaonfor is.l'iewastold ‘w; G . was "You borne from bum - —-Edln-

*""........"-

Ydndlml

much}; w“ sac e lkiee onc-riticizixiga - be can: em in Amerlnbl- anr. The Americans will probably umnswmwr lulmidsrw“ " m: . K11 - five. I the latter barinlgeen a sh e nmre permlstent 1n h-‘s criticism of some uf the things his barbarous fellow-cmmtryszrve-n were dicing. he mum 110w have a better cane. But. mien. of course. he might. also be dead. -~B'rantf0rd Erposltor.

A trailer that is a veritable king of the G las has been buiilt; t0 sell for S 0.000. A house containing 9V"! Bfidfiflt; to make life complic- ated is available for $175,000. In- Bfimllly in housing construction is

111-. is in fact

IWIVPQ amok. says The Si. Louis Post» tch. T716113 l5. evidvn-tly. only one unim- portant thingl that the building cansbruoticn idastiy l5 no: up to. In i1 Mflvn wins for $8.0m homes. it can build houses that, are the “l-iilfmle in the extravagant and lflflifl-Sllk. but lit cannot build a. plain houee, suitable fclr living in and selling for $3.000.

Dr. John Deabiiess, London's Wind old man, now in his 95th

year. who is attending the nusl convention c.f llhe Ontario 1111c,“ ticn ialtton tn Ttcronto, gives

as the cauc-e of his Ion ~vl , m3 fiwt filial: he has aiwa-ysiglceeplybusy. L! r and tobacco are individual im cfms; some mein use them both. and live long. and others ab- lain. He has found life and health

PUBLIC FORUM

nu: eolniaa la open‘ _h- the diaeuelen by 0on0 ependenla 0| queltloaa at interest. The Charlottetown» Guarflan doee not neeeqr ily endorne the opinion e! eorreapondeah. THE OTTAWA CONFERENCE

Slim-A: has been anticipated awlnguiwpasifew dawt-YwO

tawa Conference has ended in de- fault. It will, I believe. be gener- ally agreed that Premier Jone! put. up an exceedingly strong fl-zht which. however, under the aha-urn- rtances. could only result in de- feat. Perhaps the moat important point. ls that as a result of broad- casting the Island brief the pvoplc of Canada now understand how exceedingly unfairly Prince Ed-

eritering Confederation. Even Premi-er Drew of’ Ontario has ex- pressed strong sympathies for the Island but has not been man enough to have Ontarlo pay its share by converting sympathy in- fo dollars and cents.

Just as they are doing today. Ontario and Quebec have at all times been the main source of trouble. In 1884 their quarrels over matters of race and rellglon had reached a point at which Govern- ment of Upper and Lower Canada had become practically impossible. Locking in desperation for a solu- tion of their dlfficultles, wnen they heard of a proposed Confer- ence ln Charlottetown between the three Maritime Brltlrh’ Jolon- les they asked to be allowed to send delegates simply as visitors. Once in Charlottetown. however. they took veritable passession of the Assembly and without delay passed a resolutfon that Maritime union would be impracticable. This was followed by an lnvl-tnttnn to have all delegate: meet ln Que- bec Clty. which meeting V the heavy-weights from Canada not only out-numbered but out-classed the Maritlmers, The representat-

anrl happiness without, either of f P, Edward “(and than Fem ms b0 .1_ and lves rom r nce . “meg, hwglpé/t m? ‘lg: “world always more or less suspicious.

about him. as well as the dowcr of a remarkable opnsiltiutlon in the first. place. have had wine bearing on his long life and on the enjoyment and saiiafactlcm he has discovered down the lflm- —1ondon Free Press.

Another old coin. this one dat- ing 11cm 1816. has been uncovered lln a Mini-timid garden, where so mm? bolus ‘<11 cocpper tokens have been un-ealrti. cl tiring r11».- yeims that we must believe the eaifller inhabitants of that, loasant. com- milnaty wtne Clllmfme- car-mess (n the handtian 0f money. says The Brockvllle 130N161‘ and Tlnzes. Peril-alps these repeated discoveries are not so vsr: sin-prising because Maitlaiid is. after; all, rather an Old place is far as Ontario is 0on-

- , and lf It fr still small in population, it. has plenty of history and tradition about. if. If was m; Mainland that the first grammar school for the zintlre Johnstown district was established. It was also at Maltlarid that the final. set-tied clergyman clf the Churdh of En land iwho was the domtnte an we ) book up his headquarters.

Perhaps few people have ever thought 0f the other as a pet. yer this animal is one of the friendliest of entail anlmlfls and often bsc/ames as cnmpanionatble as a dog. In certain parts of North Anuarfca, India. and south-eastern Asia, the ot-ter ls also trained t0 dive for, and catch fish. This is armom-phs-h- ed by attaching a heavy collar around the oft-erg neck and fast,- ening it to a long lute. Otters are found in mos»: countries of the world. and for this reason mtmf pas/pie pay very little attention to them, unless. of course. they hap- peln to be trappers. One of (the div- ersions of otters l5 sliding down steep banks inito watur. They will hours each

(slid-m down the muddy bank. - From Forrest and Out-doom.

The are one of the homcly links that, ind the regions of a vast. Eat-wit nation together. They

5on3 the skies of country roads that. wind through rive valby". 011mb the brows of hills and di down through the hollows. ‘Ihe-y mice in farm garden lot-s. ranrble beside deeply ruffed 81165 that, lead from barrwards w upland fluids. says The New York Times. Over them Bldflli. sumam and pinas. In the many cox-tiers mow high-bush blueberries. clumps 0 gravy blrdhies; goldemiod and bue ushers. Chipmunks and red squirrels scampcr along the top rails. stopping every rod or two msurvey the imrain before dash-

p... smg“ m’ m“ é"‘1f‘1‘“~.% . sparrows an no perch 0n e uprights in the angles end throw tihetr rollicking carols in bhe landscape. In the weeds along the fence rows bob whites and pheasants biuld their grass- Jlned nuts and bring forth (their broods. eath the rails wood- chnclra dig their long-izunneied denis and males forays on the game-n and clover bah. Rafi fences are grad ually lsappearlmg, giving way to woven wire and r-tee posts. They lave served linen‘ purpose wel "iiirmuh lihe years alnoe mien and boys lit the rails that marked he figment.“ (if Ian to 1 lnusbandmamfs CH5“

>1

OX1

. Old, weath- er a splirrtery. traced with etchings of greenish lidhens.

are memorials to the men of y who played their roles well n the nation's unfolding drum.

"BEYNABD THE FOX" Like a rocket mot to e lhlp

The lean reed bolt of his body tore, Like l ripple of wind filfllh‘! swift

on rnu: Like a cjladow on wane when a I own part. Lire: rt the hoiivlneeutlar Wh the h ll mvliia fulfil“ QM“ p. like in: 11m mm viimine bu: - : . Like §f:"nnneu' hurtflebn flah

l lniuniruiriaqiiin:

FIOM

u» an nu ma:

he spend little 0f their time on

' mapineinbfni % z m: i. unsure

lost no‘ time ln seeing through _the game and while tn Quebec refused i0 return to an adjourned meeting. As all the delegates had been in- viiod i0 banquets ln Montreal. Ot- tawa, Kingston and Toronto the Islanders were sworn .l.0-59Cl‘C-Cy regarding the discussions in Que- bec and with one exception re- married silent at. the several re- captions.

On returning fu Charlottetown it was announced that the Island's representatlves would not attend any further Confederation Con- ventions, nor was it until 1873 that the Prince Edward Island Gov-ru- ment. was persuaded by members of tho Ottawa Government. int-lud- lng also the Governor General Lord Dufforln. to sell every par- ticle of the Island's hlrthrlght for a moss of postage. The rest of the story, since 1873. has been told so often that your readers‘ are well aware of the unsavory circum- stances. One thing, hc-ivevc-i". should be impressed upon the mind of every Islander. namely. that the Canadian Confederation was as Sir Wilfred Laurier styled lt. simply a family compact in which Ontario. Quebec, New Brunswick. Nova Bcotla and Prince Edward Island, the originators of the whole stupendous plan. should not only be greatly benefltted but equally served. I believe that. t0 the above extent at least.‘ Sir John Macdonald. Sir Georgi: Etienne Cartier. Honorable George Brown. Sir Hector Langevin and Honorable Thoma: D'Arcy Manee were qulte sincere in their motives and. further, that. had Sl-r John Macdo-nald’: life been prolonged for another ten years. he would have placed financially the lvfarl- time Provinces on a fiscal need basis rather than that of being pald a per caplta annuity by Ot- tawa.

It was certainly intended from the outset that the Federal Gov- ernment shuuld have an‘ all pow- erful control of the Domlnhm of Canada as a whole and that lt. would be their lme duty to en- sure that Canad an: in all the Provinces should be laced ln an equally fortunate portion. receive an adequate education and be- come equally prosperous ln chem several calllngii.

Under the system of represent- ation ln fhe Ottawa Cabinet. ln the House of Commons and in the Senate, Ontario and Quebec have from the outset dominated a controlling majority and, thinking only of their own interest and for- getting their duty as the grand children of the Fathers of Confed- eratlon. they have refused to allow almost all the demands made upun Ottawa by the three Provinces by the sea. particularly Prince Ed- ward Island, to obtain a favorable vote in the House of Corrimomi.