oe

—

Student Aid. Programs

Student aid programs for high- er education received a ‘great deal of ‘attention at the recent conference of learned societies at Saskatoon. It is clear, from the evidence sub- mitted, that we have little to boast of in this regard, and that a public

awakening to the needs of this phase

of education is overdue. Of particul-

‘ar significance were the - figures

_ . given by Miss J. Rosemary Bush-

~ nell, a research assistant of the . Canadian Universities Foundation.

A recent survey of the Domin-

: ion Bureau of Statistics had ascer-

tained that the average Canadian

university student, living at home,

in 1956-57, spent an average of

$936 a year, and those attending

university away from home spent

an average of $1,293. Projected in

the light of increased fees and the

cost of living index, the foundation

estimated that for the present’ year

the student at home will likely have

paid an average of $1,036, and the

student away from home, $1,393.

The same DBS survey ascertained

( that 13.8 per cent of the students had postponed their attendance at college for lack of funds; 2.6 per cent. were attending only part time, and 5.5 per cent had had to with- draw for lack of money.

The survey also found that seven- eighths of the students had had summer jobs to supplement the money available from any other source. The average savings from P these jobs were only $449. Over the whole group, 40 per cent of under- graduate income had come from the ‘summer jobs. Of the rest of the income, the family ordinarily pro- vides 27.6 per cent, and loans are now supplying just over 10 per cent, and scholarships and bursaries only 9.8 per cent.

A little over $2 million was pro- vided by all the Provincial Govern- ments for scholarships, bursaries and fellowships in 1956-57, or 29 per cent. The Dominion Government con- tributed 31 per cent, with an outlay of $6,320,000. Over 6,000 students were assisted by Provincial aid.

Of the Provinces providing aid for the students through scholar- ships, Quebec gave the most, with 34 per cent, or more than $1,130,- 000. Ontario provided 24 per cent, the Western Provinces 15 per cent, and the Maritimes 5 per cent. Que- bec assisted 4,385 students; Ontario granted 881 bursaries, the West, 789, and the Maritimes, 224.

Miss Bushnell also stated that during 1956-57 the average value of scholarships received by Can- adian students was only $330. This compares with the average cost to

: ‘the student of a year in university, , noted above, of about $1,200.

In the field of loans, about $2,-

125,000 was distributed. Of this

Quebec also issued about half. Not

all loan money available to students

was provided by Governments, but

of the total the Provinces provided

63 per cent, and the Dominion Gov-

ernment only 3 per cent. The Domin-

ion’s contribution in dollars was

about $64,640; The average annual

value of loans to students was be-

tween $250 and $260.

Assistance of all forms is provid-

ed\for only 35 per cent of Canadian

' university students. In Great Britain,

the proportion receiving aid is over

- 80 per cent.

Rough Road For India

An example of the difficulty in even giving away food surpluses was cited recently in an interview by U.S. Senator George D. Aitken, of Vermont. The United States, he said, had sent to India every bushel of wheat that India could unload, but India would not install modern load-

| ing facilities to handle larger ship- _. ments because this would have de- '.__ nrived people of jobs who needed - — ‘Yet India, by all accounts, is desperately in need of food. A Ford Foundation report just published in New Delhi by the Indian govern- __ ment warns that by 1965 there will be a gap of 25 percent between food

—-

of production is -By that date the population will have increased another 80 million people, ‘and only “an all-out emergency food production program’ can provide the 110 million tons of food grains that will be needed.”

India isn’t asking handouts, how-

ever. At a recent Washington con- |

ference M. C. Chagla, ambassador of India to the United States, said: “We

. don’t so much want help and aid from the United States but cooper- —

ation. We want loans—of the kind

you got in your early days—long

term loans that are not a millstone und the neck.” But the-situation there is bad indeed, B. K. Nehru,

India’s commissioner general for vconomic affairs told the same Washington conf that at the

present rate of growth it will take 35 years to raise the average In- dian wage to $2 a week. The aver- age annual~income for underdevel- oped countries in Asia is about $1060. In India it is only $60. As investment

' ¢apital comes from production above

that needed for: basic consumption, the future looks far from bright.

It is important to the free world that India succeed on the democratic yath it has chosen, and that her in- dustrial development be) aided in every way possible. It would be, as Premier Nehru has said, disas- trous “to Talter now and destroy the self-confidence so assidously built up over a decade.” ‘

Not Encouraging

One.of the most interesting fea- tures of the Ontario election was the test of strength it afforded of the revitalized CCF party. This party, which is collaborating with the Canadian Labor Congress in the formation of a new labor-farm party, had shown surprising strength in the recent Manitoba _ election, -especially in the industrial ridings.

The Liberals were especially wor- |

ried, as the weaker of the two trad- itional parties, in the Ontario contest. Yet here, in Canada’s most heavily industrialized province, all the CCF could do was take five seats, as com- pared with three back in 1959.

Figured on the basis of the popu- lar\vote, the party didn’t even make this gain. The total number of votes cast for socialist candidates rose by about 15,000 compared with 1955, but the total popular vote for all parties was correspondingly high- er. About all the CCF did was hold its ground.

The Ontario election provides, of course, no accurate measure of the potential strength of the new. party in Ontario; but it does indicate that its backers may find it more diffi- cult than they have been supposing to secure the backing of Canadian trade unionists on a scale compar- able to that enjoyed, say, in the Unit- ed Kingdom by the old, established British Labor Party.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Congratulations to the Victoria, .

B. C., Daily Times on its fine edition of June 8, commemorating the paper's seventy-fifth anniversary. The Times is edited by Mr. Bruce Hutchison, one of Canada’s most distinguished

journalists.

The Dominion Bureau of Statis- tics monthly Jabor force survey for the week ended April 18 of this year estimates the agriculture labor force at 661,000 as compared to 691,000 for the same week a year earlier. This represents a decline of 30,000 workers, or a drop of more than 4 per cent. The agriculture labor force for April, 1959, included 84,- 000 paid workers, 398,000 farmers without paid employees, 51,000 with paid employees, and 178,000 unpaid family workers. About 75 per cent of the agriculture labor force work- ed 45 hours or more per week.

* * az

The most startling thing in all

agriculture now, in the opinion of

Professor Ross Cavers, head of the”

Poultry Department at Ontario Agricultural College, is the remark- ablé increase in efficiency of Can- ada’s laying flocks. In 1957, 3.3 per cent fewer pullets were hatched for Canadian laying flocks, ‘than in 1956. There was a further 8.5 per cent drop in 1958, and by mid- March 1959, there was a further 8 per cent drop compared to the year previous. Despite this decline, egg production continues to ise. In 1957, it was 11 per cent higher than 1956. In 1958, it rose another’ 1.5 per cent. In the first few months of

1959, it has been setting an all- time record. ? -

Up.

GREEN GABLES GOLF COURSE

‘

OTTAWA REPORT

____ Slim Divi

This columm recently referred to Defence Production Minister, the.Hon. Raymond O'Hurley, as “the best French-Canadian Ca- binet Minister’.

By that provocative comment, I touched off an interesting dis-

cussion: “What is a French-Can- adian?” Mrs. W.A. Lewis writes that

she knows him well, bocause “he is my woods manager’. Ray O’- Hurley was employed as mana- ger and licensed timber grader and estimator of the Ross Seig- nory for 22 years before he en- tered the Cabinet last year.

So Mrs. Lewis asserts with au- thority that Ray is an Irisa-Can- adian, :

Nobody can dispute the Irisa origin of his parents, George O'- Huricy and Helen McGuire, which , Makes Ray 100 per cent Irish by : blood. My own name Would not be Patrick if I could not recog- nize O'Hurley as an Irish name, begorza.

But still I ask, what is a French-Canadian?

FRENCH HIGHLANDERS

I suggest that one migiat des- cribe 2s French-Canadian a per- son wo fas assimiltated into a French-Cenadian community, who speaks the French-Canadian lan- guage, who lives the FrenchCan- adian way of life; and e=pecially one, who has been brought up in, and been accepted by, a.French- Canadian community.

I have met many recognized French - Canadians who cannot speak a word of English, yet

By Patrick Nicholson

whose Scottish family mames be- token a kilt in the ancestral oslt in the lower St. Lawrence Val- ley. I have met many recognized French-Canadians, proudly des- cended from coureurs de bois, whose smal] stature, black hair and brown eyes seem to contra- dict the family names waich they share with their big, blonde, blue- eyed Normandy cousins.

I have met a French-Canadian of great eminence, whose moth- er’s family name was Broder- ick, and who spoke English with his mother from early childhood; his name is the Right Hon. Louis St. Laurent.

And I have met a man, accep- ted by his colleagues here as a French-Canadian, who speaks per- fect French perhaps slightly bet- ter than his fluent English, who went to a French-Canadian school and who served \for 20 years as mayor of his ench-Canadian birthplace without ever being op- posed for that office. His name is the Hon. Ray O'Hurley.

So where is the line drawn? I entirely agree with Mrs. Lewis, but in exnlanation of my re‘er- ence to Ray O'Hurley as “the best French - Canadan Cabinct Minister’’, I suggest that perhans assimilation creates a Froench- Canadian by mental process, as surely as birth creates one by blood.

ATLANTIC CONGRESS I have a'so received two anony-

ment that the former Liberal M. P. for the Madelcine Islands, Que- bee City lawyer Charles Cannon,

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— of your hearing ability I don't suppose too many cab

occur, it almost always is in left ear. | THROUGH OPEN WINDOW That’s the ear barraged by the screeching brakes, blaring horns and ali the other sounds of traf- fic through the open window day after day. But noise is only one cause cf hearing loss. Continuous colds, nose blowing, obstructions, viol- ent nose blowing, heredity old age, a blow to the ear, severe diseases which affect the acous- tic nerve ard swimming in pollut- ed water are others. IMPACTED WAX

Impacted wax is one of the most common donditions in the

+ outer ear which cause hearing

impairment. If neglected, this might lead to a permanent loss of hearing.

The ear drum itself might be damaged by abscesses, cleaning with a sharp instrument, diving too deeply or by ocean breakers hitting the ear.

For the middie ear the great- e:t danger lies in infections, arthritic disease, a bony growth, dislocation or the presence of fluid which prevents the three little bones—hammer, anvil and stirrup—from operating. ADENOIDS AND TONSILS Enlarged adenoids and tonsils are a common cause of trouble

The Age Old Story

For whom the Lord loveth he

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (June 19, 1934)

Dr. A. Murchison, son of Dr. Alexander Murchison of Clyde River, has been appo'nted Medi- cal Superintendent of Falconwood Tlospital and will assume his du- ties on July ist. Dr. Murchison has had five years experience in a mental hospital in New York and has been highly recommen- ded to the position.

A surprise post-nuptial shower, was given Mr. and Mrs, Colin MacDonald at their home, Com- mercial Cross, on Wednesday eve- ning by members of the Acme Rebekahs and Hillside Oddfeliows of Montague. Tae happy couple were the recipients of many lov- ely gifts. Mrs. MacDonald was the former Miss Irene Ross, dau.

(June 19, 1949) Trailing the strong New Bruns-

must make business men ; a situation in which they too could undertake programs in the sure knowledge that if they could not raise enough revenue to make ends meet the taxpayer would always look after the deficit,—

Ottawa Journal ;

Here is one area of Canadian education that seems to need” careful scrutiny. Large numbers of children and youths in schools across the country spend up to five years studying French, for example. Yet when they leave senool, they cannot speak French or read French. The same is true on a lesser scale of German and other languages. Surely some - thing must be wrong with the methods used to give these chil- dren a second language.—Winni- peg Tribune

“MAXIMS

He is a rich man, and enjoys

Music of spring is two parts mu sic of fall.

Bare arms for the wind to cos set and wedges of birds

overhead the wonderful same, ex- cepting the words ;

reverse: for the south, read now fly north; for the all-

falien, read now they are all- budded.

Call

this counterpoint if you will, or antic thirds,

tie recent Atlantic Congress.

Some people seem to think that the good-looking Charles was no- thing but a good-time Charley m Ottawa. But in fact he worked hard as chairman of the NATO Parliamentary Association, and deserved!y gained respect among the delegations of other nations as the leader of the Canadian de- legation at earlier NATO confer- ences. His successors have won less high regard; so # Charles Cannon is a$ unworthy as my correspondents suggest, this em- phasises that some of Canada’s representatives at this month’s conference could not be labelled as the “Best Procurable’’.

The well-known autirority on in- ternational afcairs, Willson Wood- side, was rejected as a delegate, as I correctly reported. It was no doubt largely because of my voiferous criticism of his rejec- tion that he wes enlisted at tse last minute, not as a dclogate, but as “adviser” to our dole- gates.

I am glad to receive a letter commending the -Diefenbaker ap- pointment of Dr. Jean Bruchesi as our Ambassador to Spain. He will represent us admirably at the court of General Frznco, where he and his charming w/fe will. deservedly win high popul- arity. I believe that I was one of the first to offer my congratula- tions to this distinguished Quebec educator and writer, whose Jatest book my wife and I were delight-

mous letters, including cne from my good friend in Quebec City

I believe, criticizing my com-

ed to receive recently, with a charming inscription by the au- ' thor.

Britain's Labor party, in the throes of its annual re-examina- , tion of the nuclear disarmament ques.iion, shows no sign of re- solving the deep-seated division within its own ranks.

Levor’s long pacifist tradition has rebelled’ periodicaly against the emergence of the hydrogen bomb as a decisive factor in glo>al poitics. The paity’s lead- ers, conscious of their respon- sibilities es the country’s poten- tial ruers, have sought with varying success to reconcile practical considerations with basic principles

The confiiet has been @harpened by the recent dec’sion of the National Union of General

its weignt behind the campaign to force Britain:to ebandon the bomb unilateraily.

In past years bloc vote of trade union r tives has upheld party leader Hugh Gait- skell in beating down similar reso wi'ions from rank - and - fie delega‘'es at Labor's annual con-

gresses. ASTU1E EXECUTIVE

Even if the union’s vote, which defied the advice of the union leadership, is repeated elsewhere, the asiuie party executive is un- likely to allow itself to be com- mitted to unilateral disarma- ment. :

The party’s present policy promises a unilateral halt to H- bom tests, regardless of the out- come of the current Geneva ne- gotiaiions that have led to their temporary suspension by @'l nu- clear powers.

The only basis for further con- cessions to the party’s left wing is a romise by Gaiiskell that ea

and Municipal Workers to throw |:

British Laborites Worried

By Ed Simon Canadian Press Staff Writer

Labor’s pacifists would be hard |

put to believe that Britain's ex-

ample would dissuade President

de Gaulle from his course. Aneurin Bevan,

tary if Labor comes to power, | was clearly ill at ease when the nuclear issue came up at last year’s party conference. SHOCKED SUPPORTERS

It -was Bevan. one-time leader | of the rebel faction that bore his |

name, wiio shocked his support: |

ers two years ago by pane | Gaitskell with the memorable

Gitskell’s | probable choice es foreign secre- |

Phrase that Labor should not send its foreign secretary naked into the international conference chamber by depriving him of the bomb as a bargaining counter.

The bargaining prowess of non- muciear statesmen such as West Germany's Chancel’or Adenauer tends to weaken Bevan’s argu- ment. But many party members are unwilling to see Brita‘n's strengih diminish when her allies are ruled by men like Adenauer and de Gaulle, whose motives they distrust.

By persuasion or brute force, Gaiis*ell is' bikety to head cff his party’s left - wingers. But Labor party members, like many other Western politicians, remain un- easy about the H-bomb.

When

SATIRE has been described as the sharpest social lash, It is, however, a two-edged weapon. If it is too subtle its pont is miss- ed. If it is too broad it becomes offensive. Swift, one of the best of satirists, wrote of it that ‘‘it is »a sort of glass, wherein be'old- ers do generally discover every- body’s face but their own.” His was a description of satire whose point had been missed.

There was an example of this recently in an American news-

paper.

Under the heading ‘We Also Need A Path To Panama’’, the St. Petersbung (Florida) Times published the followng letter:

“Editor, The Times:

“Carl T. Smith's proposal for an American corridor through Canada to Alaska shows that at least one red-blooded American is alert to the needs-of our nation- al defence.

“These Canadians are a war- like people. They fought the Kais- er from 1014 to 1917 and Hitler from 1998 to 1941 before we de- cided to bail them out. Ahough they have not invaded. us since

Sati

Montreal Star

re Misfires

they might dunn on us and block- ade our Alaskan coast by sea, and by land’ from their Yukon frontier.

“I have heard that they keep an army of Redccats up there called Royal Canadian Mounted Police, led by Sergeant Presion and his dog King, and everybody knows how ferocious they are.

“AM the outcry about Berlin and Baghdad is a smoke screecn to cover up our dangers at home, Congress should also negotiate with Mexico for an American cor-

both Monday

1012, you never can tell when

ridor down to our ther “domain’ | paint job.

THE LAW OFFICE of

J.0O..C. CAMPBELL, Q.C. Will be closed

Old age is frequently respon- sible when hearing loss occurs in the inner ear. The nerve endings and fibres zimply become less sensitive. Fortunately, a loss of this type is usually negiligible. _

It is here, also, that noise is a danger. Lack of certain vitamins was recently deemed another cause of inner ear hearing loss. QUESTION AND ANSWER » Mrs. A.P.: For 12 years I've had a dizzy sensation and when I walk I kept pushing toward the left. Could this be something wrong with my ears?

Answer: This could be due to a disturbance of the internal ear. Consult an ear specialist.

in Panama. As Mr. Smith says, we should ask them to give us these necessary corridors gratis, but if they don’t, we will have to buy them at a fair price. Please send these suggestions on to President Eisenhower ard Secretary Dulles to cheer them

up. Ernest M. Best TO ARMS, TO ARMS

For some time after the pub- lication of this opinion the let- ter columns of The Times sound. ed an alarm, Canadian-American relations were in the belance and the editor thought he had better straig’ten things out. To this end he published the following editor- jal under the heading “Satire Goes Unappreciated By Some Readers”:

“We were forced to a sad con- clusion this week. The art of sa- tire is not as widely appreciated as it once was, despite the fact that we always thought it one of

pression. (What ARE they teach- ing in school these days?)

‘Most of you remember the re- cent comroversy in The Forum over the suggestion for a cor- ridor through Canada to Alaska. Vf you kept up with it, you will re- member a letter from Ernest M. Best, in which he warned against the ‘‘warlike”’ Canadians and the ‘ferocious’ Sergeant Pres- ton and h's dog King. Then he sugested that while we were negotiating we might as well get a corridor through Mexico to Panama, too.

The whole thing was such & delightful satire that we felt Times rea¢2rs would appreciate it and chuckle as we did. But to our dismay apparently several took the letter in deadly earnest. As a gesture of mercy, we will refrain from calling by name those who took it so literally, but if you haven't thrown away your Times of March 12, please go back and re-read the Forum of that day.

QUICKLY MISSED

DAWSON CREEK, B.C. (CP)— There was a big commotion here when it was that the Mile Zero post,'marking the s‘art of the Alaska highway, was a

. Ci neer George Bon cetoed be bed Wille drawn the post annual

and Saturday

the most sparkling forms of ex-+

outstanding display of Saturday to capture the Inter-Maritime title for the tnird year in a row as they piled up a‘ctotal of 258 points at that dis- tance to win the match with a total of 773 points.

Thirteen new houses with an estimated total value of $63,300 are now under construction in Summerside. This number of new houses will help to alleviate tae housing shortage since many of the R.C.A.F. personnel are living in cottages for the summer and will be looking for houses in the town when fall comes.

music of spring sings easily back

would have been preferable to | among children. They can plug | wick team by four points going some who were ac ~selet- | the eustachian tube and cause a| up to the tough 600-yard range, ted as a Canadian delegate to] slight loss of hearing. PEI. marksmen came through! izzards

to a’s, fluting the trees, redres- sing them tall.

Only direction is changed; the trill is put right.

Newer .tnan lambs, the ice-fure red earth shakes down, ; unsettling its tight skin in the night.

Ear and eye collude. All over town,

puckered in tremolo, one part wild light,

spring leaps up green; overflows the brown.

green

—Maxine W. Kumin,

listed below.

hall of each District.

FRIDAY, JUNE 19th—

REGIONAL IMMUNIZATION CLINICS

will be held on the following dates:

Friday, June 19th

9:30-10:30 A.M.— Spring Park School (South Door)

HOSPITAL INSURANCE DISCUSSIONS

Members and staff of the -Hospital Services Commission of P.E.I. ‘will attend the meetings

The forthcoming Province Insurance Plan will be discussed and questions regarding operation of the plan will be answered. All adults are urged to attend these meetings, which will be held in the

At Belle River School At Wood Island West School

in the Christian Science Monitor.

= —_—_——_ AT A,

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