The gllts saved should be of good

ran ouanolm,

cuanwrrsrown

OCTOBER 22, 1949

It‘ or sow For £2 M50863 III . _ .5 tllllell llolss oll lorlos Breeding iierli i, oollllrolso vlllll f/ ' estion of whether to Silver '3: {flfm guts or mature sows r . I F '- u no on which experimental ev- ',- Ilduoico shows considerable dlffer- I! up...‘ 1,--

og opinion. Some farmers foi- leglfghe practice of breeding only {mm gilts but the malflfily use mflfllffi sows or a balance of mat- u" wwg and gllts. Possibly the wer is contained in this rein.- ularity. ‘v-grhgogeasons generally put for- ward for breeding only from gilts, “e their lighter feed consump- “om and because ii any prove omen, they can be turned off tn muket before they exceed baron Weights _ even though tlley may to extra heavies. Results at the Dominlbn Experimental Station, “combo, Alta, however, indicate that mature sows wean stronger, heavier pigs am‘. average about one pig more per litter. These nre important considerations when economy oi production is so close- ly related to the nnnlbcl" oi strong, thrifty pigs weaned, says ya, Stothart of the Lncomhc Sta- on. n More important than the ques- tion o! gilt or sow, is the quality and capacity of the individual ic- maics that make up illc herd and the choice of replacements. Snlnc guts will outyield ccrtnin nurture sows, and vice vcrsa, but the real problem in developing the hrccd~ mg herd is to keep ollly the old- er sows which have proved till-m- selves and choose giits that will improve production in succeeding generations, Some farmers say they have not the time to watch the iced bin and compare illc relative economy of different litters, but when some pigs go to market and grade high after using only 500 to 600 pounds oi feed from wean- ing to market weight, while others use 800 to 900 pounds, there is no question as to the littcr from which gilts should be retained for needing. Compromises will be ne- gegsary as some litters grade high, but eat a lot of feed, and others est less but do not grade as well.

Harry Shroeder of Bhroeder Bros. Minkery, LaFarge, Wis., is one oi America's leading fur farmers, In the October issue of the National For News, Denver, Colorado, he writes . “The international Fur Conference was attended by Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway. Sweden. United Kingdom and the United States. All countries participating were very cooperative - all'reali1.ing that somewhere in this world wo have to find a market for the fun we arc now producing, if this in- dustry is to survive. We have a complete census of estimated wort-i production. We have information on relation of natural resources to each country; also, relationship of government to the industry in each country. We discussed promotion with all these countries. Have had conferences with leading furriers and designers throughout Europe This information will be made av» lilnhle to you during the confer- ence and will be useful in plan- ning our future fur farming oper- ation here, v

"I especially want to thank the Canadians at the International i-‘ur Cnference in coming to our nid ill convincing the Scandinav- ian countries that it would be a mistake to start advertising their furs in the United States. There being so many fields untouched with consumer advertising, where their promotional efforts would be more effective. Besides European countries there are important con- centrations oi wealth in the oil producing countries of the Near East, as well as many centres oi world commerce on the African continent.

"I would like to suggest at this conference that a plan be studied to encourage more breeders to participate in creating consumer demand for the furs we produce. The fox breeders neglected this problem and only when the mar- gin oi profit became small was all all-out effort made to keep the article in high fashion. The am- ount oi promotion was too smo!‘ ufld much too late. Fox furs were once a must with every fashion- able lady and I believe they will eventually be again. How this style trend can be stimulated and how the remaining fox breeders can be assisted in carrying breed- fng stock is a national problem.

type and from litters that were letter than the herd average if mprovement is to be expected.

The sows retained in the herd lhould be those which have dcm- onstrated their ahllity to produce large thrifty litters of easy feed- tng, high quality bacon pigs.

MARITIME WINTER FAIR

and

' HORSE SHOW

The mink breeders during their very prosperous years entered into a terrific expansion program. Very little thought was given to cost of material, quality of mink or pos- sible future markets. As a result many breeders are now in finan- cial difficulty and unless we can hold mink to the high fashion it nnw commands, many breeders will become financially embarrass-- ed. About so per cent of the mink furs now being produced are sup- porting national consumer advert- ising. we will continue to keep mink in high fashion only if in- dividual shippers will assume their fair share oi this responsibility. How can this be brought about is nn Important national problem. At this meeting we want all dele- gycs to weigh their views carefully that they will be the wishes o.‘ their associations.

November 7-12

At Amherst, N. S.

See the greatest Mari-

Thmugh this honest, forward cooperation, na- tional problems will be processed

to the interest and welfare of the fur farming industry!”

Roy D. Harman speaking before the National Board of Fur Form- ers Committee. reports regarding I the import of furs . . . “With the

time assembly of light

Horses in competition each night In the Win-

fer Fair Arena.

NORTH AMERICAN ll"

' l. S. STEVENSON a ouuar nu. ~ Mme»

AROUND SHOW

DAIRY COWS WANTED

A representative of Wlllkvr Gordon Laboratories of N. E. Inc. 0f Charles River, Massachusetts will be on the Island the latter part of October nr the first part of November for the llllfposo of obtaining dlliry- cowl. of uny breed. Must be young and due to calf durlnlz November. Must ¢omo from Queen's County, Prince County or from fully accredited TB teltoll lords. Write fully tho brood, age, and when duo Ind WIIOPO "l6! ml)’ be inspected.

RUSSELL IlOPER, ILR. 6, Charlottetown. P- E. l. Telephone — Charlottetown 1583-2

S‘ A L’ E At the place of business formerly owned by PETERS 8i GALLANT LIMITED

BEGINNING 24 OCT., 1949, Ill remaining stock being sold at greatly reduced prloos. 0- I. L. PAINT-Per qts. $1.25

I

0. I. 1.. ENAMEL-Per qis.I1.89. WALL PAPER- . for kitchen and bedrooms-Per roll . . . .. 25o lflr living rooms, halls,_eicl.—pcr roll . . . . . ... 45c

“QR ll also a largo assortment of-

DRY opens.‘ FOOTWEAR, HARDWARE, m,

Being Sold at Real Bargains. Solo will continue until stock has boon ma.

Wlwlfl World trying to sell their furs in America since the war im- Dorts twice to four times pro-wu- annual imports it has become im- Derative in some way to check the 11001.1 oi imported skins of n; kinds. An amendment that would require the President of the Un- ited States to establish import quotas on furs in accordance witn the recommendation of the tariff commission has been offered to the house of representatives and senate. It has met defeat but we must continue pressing for this reform."

Canadian furs such as silver fox and mink would be a target of the bill. At the present time mink farmers of Canada have to relv largely on the United States for he sale of their peltries. They have no duty to pay, neither is there duty collected on any other furs entering the United States. The only dutiable fur there is sil- ver fox which has singled out for a duty of 371,-;- per cent, an am- ount which precludes the sale of silver fox to the USA. under pre- sent conditions for the reason that ilver fox is being sold at figures not very much higher than re gelled at recent markets in Mon- re .

n

A resolution was passed at the annual meeting of the National Board oi Fur Farmers of the Un- ited States to the effect that ev.. ery means should be taken to en- WUPB-Se PTQBIlImS t0 bring about the elimination of low grade mini- pelts from competing on the mar- ket. This is a wise move and we fox farmers would have been mucn better off if we had taken sorre means of destroying and prevent. ing from being marketed low grade silver fox pelts in the years gone by. These poor ‘specimens did much to cheopen and injure the prestige of silver fox.

Efforts are being made in the United States to limit the pro- duction of mutation mink and en- courage the breeding of dark mink. Only four years ago the percentage oi mutations was rel- atively small compared with dark mink. but in i948 there were far more mutations than pure-blood- ed standard mink. To complicate matters even more the ranchers in their haste to produce muta- tions repeated I-he error oi the fox farmers and failed to stay within reasonable limits of qua.- lty. No such expansion of mute- tlon mink could have been possible if only the finest quality had been kept for breeding purposes. Mink ranchers 1n the USA. and Can- ada are now suffering from their error of producing quantity with too little regard for quality. To give an idea oi the production of mutations it may be said that in the years 1945-1948 the total pro- duction of all mink increased 145 per cent but the dark mink only increased 26 per cent.

Fur farmer friends throughout the Dominion deeply regret the new; carried in the Guardian of Monday oi this week that Dr. RH. MacDonald od Saskatoon had died suddenly on Saturday. at St. Louis, Mo. Dr. MacDonald was born in Bedeque M years ago and received his early education at Ht. Dunstan's University, then attend- ed McGill University where he was among the honor graduates in medicine and surgery. He spent several years in Beilevue Hospital, New York City. When the Gro-t War broke out in 1914 he volun- teered and was attached to the medical services. High honors were given to him in France where his surgery successes were not- able. He was decorated with the Distinguished service Order and the Military cross and returned from the war In 1919 with the rank of Colonel. .

In Saskatoon where he made his home, he became a leading surgeon _ in fact his fame spread all through the west. He was also known as a great fur farmer, breeding some of the finest stan- dard and mutation foxel in west- ern Canada and being an exhib- itor at shows hgld there. The Do"- tor was a member of the Canad- ian National Silver Fox Breeders‘ Association and elected to the dir- ectorate year after year and ht! advice was greatly amreciatell. Personally we feel his loss bo- cause he was a real friend and a most dependable one. He took a lively interest in the early history of fox farming and constantly en- deavored to have the doings of the ,‘ a preserved historically. 0f a commending presence and personality he had a wide circle of friends to mourn his passing. To his wife and family, his broth- er Junes at the old home 1n Bed- eque. and his sisters. we tender on behalf 0f fox formers in this Province, our deepest sympathy.

Plrrsoululu PAINTS

lie-v‘- Inn in s flow minutcli

' mu can us: IOYBIJANI

Soybeans are notable in that they carry a high pegcontsge of protein (39.0) u well no a high percent of carbohydrates and fats (54.7). The protein compounds make the bull of bones, muscles, and other tissues. The chief ‘action oi the carbobydratelis to furnish energy for warmth and movement, and they are also the source of animal fat. The figures just given indicate that 89.2 lbs. of dried soybeans contain 84.3 lbs. of digestible nu- irients. So much for the excellence of these legumes. »

Why then were they not culti- vated in P. E. Island? Firstly, be- cause our season was too short for them to ripen. Some farmers thought that if the beans did rip- en, they would not fit into the es- tabllshed rotation. Thirdly, if the farmers could grow them, what use could they be put to?

When 1 moved to my present lo- cation, I resolved to test whether the season was too short for the soybean. At that time, the Univer- sity of Saskatchewan was testing out different varieties, so I tool: my courage in both hands, as the Parlsians say, and asked the University for a small quantity of soybean seed, preferably that of the "Mandarin" variety. The au- thorities of the University kindly sent me a good-sized packet, which 1 planted in the garden when the ground warmed up. The first "harvest" was disappointing: two or three plants just managed to ripen seeds before frost cut short their career. These few plants ultimately became the pro- genitors of s race of soybeans that would ripen seed even under the cooler conditions of our North Shore. In the last few years a se- lectlo has been made of high yieldl g plants for seed product- ion, und this has met with some success.

rotation, that did not come within the scope of the experiment ear- ried on here. The third query may be answered by a paragraph from an old copy of the Farmer's Advo- 63 1——

"Moreover, the farmers in East- ern Canada can do something to safeguard themselves against ris- ing costs for mill feeds and pro- tein-rich supplements. For two years now Earl Papple, in Brant County, has been cutting his soy- beans on the green side, curing the "hay" on tripods. and putting the entire crop through a hammer mill. This soybean meal is mixed half and half with chop. and nu protein feeds are purchased for the dairy herd. First-calf Jersey heifers milk up to 40 lbs. per day and there is no udder trouble in the herd. Other Jersey breeders have taken up the practice. and it is spreading with satisfactory results. The possibilities of soy- beans have never been exploited in Eastern Canada, neither have the varieties best suited to the various districts been carefully de- tarmlned.

The last sentence needs modi- fication. The Mandarin soybean has proved suitable to P. E. 1s- land, and will ripen its seed hero, so that the first cost is the only one! However. only Island-grown seed must be sown.

A Dry Area

A friend recently said ,,me. “I was in town this morning and it rained all the time. It was raining when I left, but by the time 1 got home there wasn't a drop. What's more there had been none s11 day!" “We1l." I slid. "we live in a dry llrea. Time and again I've seen the black rain-clouds form in the west, about five miles away, I suppose. Then, instead of bringing us the rain we needed so badly, it divides, and part can be seen mak- ing for the city while the other part travels east just off the north shore. There must be something in -the contour of the country that causes this. We certainly had s long dry spell up to that three inch rainfall!"

The European Starling

There had been attempts to in- troduce the Starling into this con- tinent previous to 1890, but they all failed. In that year a lawyer named Schlrfflin liberated 50 pairs of Stsl-llngs in Central Park, New York. This gentleman, it may be added, was actuated by n wish to introduce all the birds mentioned by Shakespeare -— of which the Staring or Stare is one. The birds speedily made themsel- ves at home, sheltering 1n hollow trees and nesting in the grass around the roots. They did not get beyond the suburbs the first win- fer, and no duobt found the sea- lon very trying: but when spring came they spread to the country. more especially to the Northwest. The first authentic record of the bird's presence here. was furnish- ed by Mr. J. Frank Stems, _of Souris, who aw Sui-ling: in that locality in Toby, 103i. In the fall of 1002, the late Mr. Ludiow Jenkins reported many Starling: at lhrilfield. Since then they have boon reported at various point in tho Province. but appar- entiy in mail nurnbo s.

Tho Starling was originally a native of Western Europe, and was for long only n summer visitor to lnglibd. However the mildness of the climate, the great variety of fruits, both wild and cultivated- of which they are specially fond- und the grout increuo of Starling: on the continent, soon caused the birds lo settle in tllafiritlsh Isles. Than tiny became an insufferable nuisance. They soon multiplied to enormous flocks which were cup- ablo of doing great harm in a very short time. Grower: of cherries. llrlwborriu, pearl. and also of Irlln, might be robbed of the l!

- NEWSY NOTES-

8v Agricola

As to fitting the beans into the,

. exienuatioa of this, it may be said

that the Starling: also destroys gl-ubs. uulll and many of the in- sects that infest grasslands. Starling: often establish roost- ing places in towns and cities, and such great numbers of birds in trees bordering the sidewalks bo- come quite u nuisance to people who walk below tbeml "Marvellous is the song of tho Starling,“ writes Dr. Butler, au- thor of "British Birds." “A cur- ious. combination of whistling, squeaking, gurgling and sucking hiss . . . a few of the whistled notes are clear, and the song. if not melodious, is at any rate comical enough not to be unpleasant; moreover, the energy which the bird puts into the performance is ridiculous." “The Starling has a wonderfully good memory," says Brook's “Book on Birds." He will learn to repeat airs that are play- ed to him, with great ease: nay more: he learns to pronounce words very distinctly, or to imi- tate the song of other birds, or any sounds repeatedly heard." He soon knows every person in the 11MB and is always gay and wakeful.

and as docile and cunning as a dog." European Starling, AOU. 493.

Resident, first noted at Souris in 193i. "A blaekbird with a yellow bill." Bill long, sharp-pointed, dark in winter, yellow in spring and summer. ,

Plumago of sexes alike. black with'purplish or greenish reflec- tions, more or less heavily spotted with light brown above, and with whitish below. Lighter spots more extensive in winter. Tail short (a distinction from the Grackles); feet flesh-colored. Immature birds mostly light grayish brown. Length of adults 8 to 8.5 inches.

An Antique Chair

Sunderland, at the mouth of the Wear, was a port that did con- siderable trade with ihe Contin- ent. It was a town of small neat houses with little gardens in front, quaintly bordered with white lime- stone "cannon-ball rocks." The Victoria Park in the centre of the town, with its great Conservatory and Library, was its one show- plsce. I was fairly well acquainted with the town, since I often spent my holidays there as a schoolboy. Holidays were shorter then, for the National School closed for s fortnight only.

The people of Sunderland spoke a different dialect from mine, an! this interested me greatly. They talked mostly about the sea, and seemed to be a rather simple peo- ple in many ways, but their stor- ies had usually a comic side, when

story rank like this-

The pilot had brought the ship safely intn Sunderland harbor, and was asked to come down into the captain's cabin to get his pilotage money and to refresh himself with "something short." “Thank ye. sor. an‘ here's yer varry good hiith," said the r-ld fellow; then looking round the cabin, he said: ‘That's a queer and chair ye've gettin‘ there, maister.”

"Yes." replied the skipper: "that chair is about two hundred years old."

“Bliss us all! Ye dinnot say see?" "Oh. yes." returned the captain. "it's one of the Louis Quatorze pattern. I bought it in Hamburg. especially for its antiquity." ....... ..

one got used to the lingo! One-

BEEFIEST TRUST 01-‘ ALL — Wei kind in the world.

attendant. the animal is owned by Russell Mahoney of La Fountain,

The

Fewer Acres, But

Greater Returns

Agricultural En ‘ i

Division of the mperimenglngzgimnly conlfuusing, but in reality they Service, Dominion Department of simply .mea‘n m“ the mweumg Agriculture, has cast a comparative mechmzatk)“ °1 farm‘ l" Easwm

eye on census returns for 1881 and Cwad“ 1s 1941 and has noted some striking larger farm units and more efficient

contrasts between the m.“ Se“ o, use of farm labour, for despite the figures. Chances are the contrasts m“ that the rural wpumum 15 Wm he even more striking when the greater than it was in 1801, there are 1051 census is complete. ,, n

The rural ppopulation of Easierlmauy mwpled i“ “Tlculmre “m” (ilanadl; was 3001700 greater in 1941 t an i was in 881. But the rural population of East-IEfstem Oanad“ "'5 l‘ wlwl“ I’ I” am Canada amounted to only ‘Llarger farms, it does not hold for per cent oi the total population in team‘ Pmvime- In "w I-"WSYIIFY WE" fall, compared with '14 per cent in