l.‘ u;

Elli Educated

Covers Prim Edward Isl-ml [1“..th Dew

Published every week-day room: at 165 Prince Sued Charlottetown. P.E.l.. by the Thomson Company Ltd. In A. Burnett. Publisher and General Home!

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“T he strongest memory‘ ls weaker than the weakest ink.”

TUESDAY, myrtle, 1958.

PAGE 4

_ Racial Freedom

'The unfortunate race riots in Britain—probably started, certain- .ly'encouraged, by fascist elements— ' have led to speculation that the Bri- tish Government might adopt some Sort of. restrictive legislation re- garding the entry of people from certain parts of the Commonwealth. It is hardly likely, however, that

anything of the sort will be done. .

Nothing could do more to weaken

[the fabric of the Commonwealth;

Since by far the greater number of its people are dark-skinned; India, Pakistan, Ceylon, Malaya, the West Indies and practically all the colonies

’ and territories would be seriously

affronted; and their ties with Bri- tain Would Certainly deteriorate, per- haps to they point of extinction. Moreover, racial equality is one of Britain’s great sociological assets. For the Government to tamper with it would grievously undermine her moral influence in the world.

The problem ,of economic and social irritations, resulting from free and unlimited immigration, is, of course, one-that has ‘to be con-

sidered. There is no use pretending .

that it does not existnBut, though the erection of racial barriers might help to solve it, it would create even more serious ones. Prime Min-t ister Macmillan is saidto feel' that, voluntary restrictions on , the part

of the governments concerned ‘ be a possible solution.» ,

Whatever course events may take, the whole free world, will look. to Britain to maintain its tradition: all sense of racial frqzdom and equality. .

Lay Opinion Many persons have long maintain: ed that nuclear tests have had a bad effect on weather conditions. The'in: creasing frequency of hurricanes, in the North Atlantic, particularly, have been linked with the explosions. Hi-

therto, the meteorologists and allied ,

scientists have scoffed at this . lay view. Now, however, it is being given

a measure oil scien’cific respectability ’ Professor W.N. Parker,'lecturer in I

geography at the University of Mani-

toba, says he is of the opinion that

there is something to the theory. “Al-

though I have no scientific broo ”, he

told a gathering recently, “I am con-

vinced that the extraordinary' bad

weather over the whple of the North-

ern Hemisphere since 1954 has large-I 1y been caused by nuclear tests.” He

added that there may be a further

deterioration in the weather if atomic ' blasts are continued. , v .

If Professor Parker is right in his views—further research will reveal whether he is or not—Lit won’t be the first time that lay opinion, based on nothing but casual observation, prov- ed to be the precursor of scientific pronouncement. The irritating thing is that whenever people ex'press arr opinion on matters which are suppos-

ed to be outside their purview, mOst

’scientists throw up their hands in

righteous indignation at what they consider lay effrontery.

[ Inconsistent

7 That was an rintefesting letter 5

that Premier Khrushchev sent to President Eisenhower on the subject of the trouble in the Far East. In places it was bitterly and purposely blunt withno sign of diplomatic fin- ess'. For-example: “The only thing I want to do in this letter is to speak my mind and to emphasize the full gravity of the situation which has de- veloped inthe area of Taiwan and China’s offshore islands. If we were

'to clothe our thought-in outwardly

ocurteous diplomatic wording, \we would find it, I think, moredifficult to see each other’s point.” There is no doubt that, very often, diplomatic verbiage obscures the intent of cor- respondence between heads of govern— ments. "

,In other‘places Mr. Khrushchev was gentleness itself, as when he wrote: “Nothing could be more erron- eous than to try to read in this mes- sage of mine any intention to put it on thick, let alone any ‘ threats. We want to find a common language with

you so as to end the present move- ment, so the U.S.S.R., the United Sta- tes and the People’s Republic of China and other countries should join ef- forts in removing the tensions But‘perhaps the most interesting thing about Mr. Khrushchev’s letter wasits inconsistency. In one para- graph he denounced the “movement of navies and air forces from one end of the world to the other” and suggested that this was a subject for discussion ,in the UN. General As- sembly. “It is a legitimate question to ask,” he wrote. “whether the United Nations should not consider this and take a decision forbidding the pow- ers to undertake such movements of their naval and air forces for the pur- poses of- blackmail and intimidation

ces within their national frontiers.”

In the very next paragraph, how- ever, he reminded the President that “in the age of nuclear and rocket wea- pons these once formidable warships are fit, in fact, for nothing but cour-

tesy calls and gun salutes and can serve as'targets for the right kind of rockets.” Why should Mr. Khrush- chev condemn the “movements of na- val forces” if they are fit only for courtesy calls and gun salutes? ‘

Again, Mr. Khrushchev said noths ing about the movements, of armies and tanks, such as those he sent against Hdngarian patriots in the fall of 1956. ' '

‘ “ EDITORIAL NOTES '

This year’s Internaltional Tuna Tournament 'at Wedgeport, N.S. ap-’ pears to have been'almost a total failure. Another year it may have

:to be moved to Conception Bay, Nfld., where several large-fish Were taken during the summer.

V . a all- .hs- _ Sir Robert; "Watson-Watt, the 'British scientist Who invented radar, says that “spacism is merely a slight- ly scrambled version of escapism.” “I really think it is monstrous that, hav-

should'now attempt, management of

porters on arrival home after his trip

I I. #

Iceland Wants the " fishing dispute with Britain to in the-UN. \ General ASSembly. If- the matter does come before that body, Iceland upect Wide support; for at the International Conference. ' on the

of'the nations favoured a" 12 pills territorial limit.- lvf‘g¥’#.‘#

. 'A‘ILiberal official has referred to- Prime Minister Diefenbaker as “the 'most radical Prime Minister this

of course, as a derogatory appellation.

it could be regarded as a compliment.

’A “radical” is one who tries to get

down to the root (radix) of problems,

need. for reform, etc. An extremely

non-radical politician is a rather col-

v _ourless individual. ' ’ t t #

Business men who are tired of be- ing thought of as selfish individuals, interested only inmaterial gain, will welcome an appraisal by the Rev. Leo ,' R. Ward, Professor of Philosophy at

l a Catholic Social Action. conference _ Father Ward 'said: “The business

man may be in fact materialistic and economically determined, but at least

and mighty work fox God and man.” ’ ‘I #-

U.N. Secretary-General Ham- marskjold says he 'will have a report on the results of his mission to the MiddleEast ready for the General . Assembly of the UN. as 'soon as possible afterthe 'meeting gets un-

report. Judging by dispaches from the area about the only thing he has been able to accomplish is to obtain from the‘ disputing parties a half-promise that they will nut start

rived back in New, York. ’ t ' ‘

Gradually, the barriers to a boy’s peace of mind are being broken down. Not long ago an expert die- titian “flared that spinach was’ a

healthful than any other vegetable, in fact. Now comes another expert, Dr. Haweylelack, editor of a Bri- tish medicaljournal, to say that “a high-water mark around a boy’s neck is a sign of good health”. Ac: cording to Dr. Flack, “boys seem to know instinctively a profound der- matological truth-ethat an import-

own protective layer of grease, and this should not be disturbed too fre- quently by washing”.

and obliging them to keep these for-‘

gelling to see pet ewe-lamb

ingi' mismanaged our own , planet, we ' another planet in space”, he told re.- -.

to Canada. Manytwrll,lag:ee With him. : 71mg of a piece at, mush, which

. fromthe heart inclines of stress

Law ‘of the Sea held in Geneva most"

.to President Lincoln’s Gettysburg

country has ever had." He meant it,- I and mama-dam voyage of 3,»

There is avsense. however, in which

Notre Dame University. Addressing.

he sees himself . as doing a great V

der way. He does not have much to .

fighting one another until he has ar- .

much over-rated food-l—no. morev

ant element in health is the skin’s '

7/5 54’? 5-

ce/s/

V

EBB AND FLOW ‘fl' p OTTAWA REPORT

Uninspiring Legislation

By Patrick

Nicholson °

,1 Special Correspondent for The Guardian

Ottawa: To a man who admires beautiful language as P rim e Minister Diefenbaker does — and who in fact can roll off his ton» gue phrases as- appealing as any to be found in the speeches of our greatest oratons—it must be

presented to“ public gaze in the strictly utilitarianarnd uni/adorned homeliness or a hog.

For that, is how Mir. ‘ Diefen~ baker’s Illongafoug'hrtofor Bill of Rights has now appeared: a stric- tly utilitarian and unadoreued

is an ugly, umbspinin‘g and unim- agiuative tract of legalese unable to look history’s other greatbills of rights squarely in the eye. (Our neighbours are especially fortunate in the beauty and warm appeal of their great historic do— cuments. Those empress deep bee liefs sincerely held, brought forth

alter great bllman suffering. They range from the Mayflow er Compact of 1620-, through the Declaration of Independence of. 1776 and'the Constitution of the United Statesof America of 1787

address of 1863. THE FIRST SMALL SHIP After a terrible storm-tossed

'ty-lsix days in a ship little big- ger than a modern air-liner, ’101 Pilgrims landed on the inhospi- table shure which Samuel de Chaim-plain had been the first white man to explore .a mere el-

' ‘i one man ti that band of devout adventurers drew up and signed the Mayflower Compact. A century and 'a- half later, the descendants of. those and oth er immigrants from England gave

us those land-liar words from the ‘

Declaration of Independence: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are cre- ated equal, that they are endow- ed by their creator with-certain

inalienable Rights, that among

these are Life, Libertyand the» pursuit of Happlne'ss."'l‘halt.-to se- cure these right-s, Governments are instituted among Men, deriv-~ ing their'just' powersfrom the consent of the governed. . .”

The leaders» gathered after the successful conclusion of their War

of Independence, and in couven-.

lion draf'ltéd a. Constitution for

field country: This“ begins-;wilth

llhe oft-quoted Preamble: “We the people Of the Unified States,» in order,» form a more’penfe'ct Uri. ion, establish Justice, insure do- mestic” Tranquility, pmovidle for the common Defence, ppomote the

general Welfare, and secure the.

Blessings of’Lilbel-ty to ourselves

and our Posterity, do ordain and.

establish this Constitution forthe United States of America." Speaking at the dedication of the national cemetery on the civil ,war battlefield of Gettysburg, President Lincoln delivered the most-quoted speech the Eng- lislnspeaking world.

“Four score and seven, years

ago our Fathers brought forth

even yea-rs .before.“ The forty-

conceived in Liberty and 'dedlca—

ted to the proposition that all

men are created equal. . .” l

With modest inaccuracy, the President predicted: “The World will little note our long remem- ber what-we'say here . . .” And he_ ended: “This Nation under God ,r'sliall halve a new birth of freedom, and government of the people. by the people. for the peo ple shall not perish from the axiom." ’ r, HUMURUM LEGAL RELEASES

concocted by legal draftsrnen for our Bill f Rights in this year. 1958. world will truly not long remember what, they wrote; schoolchildren will never recite their stiltedi phrases were conceived in working bonus and dedicated to the proposition that no provincial toes shall be trod- den "

, “Her Majesty, by, and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Can- ada, enacts as follows: 1. This part may. be cited as the Clair ladialn Bill oflng‘hts. 2. lit is here- by mogul-zed and declared that in Canada there shall exist the followups huma'n lights and fun- damental freedoms, namely the lighted. the to life, lilb- erty security of the person and 61mm but of'pnopenty and the right not to' be deprived thereof except by due process of law. . 4. 'llhe'Mlini-ster of Justice shall, in accordance with such regula- tions as may be prescribed by the Governor in Council, examine every proposed regulation submit- ted in draft form to the Clerk of the Privy Council pursuant to the Regulations Act. . .” ,

‘ What a long way we have «come from the sincere Pilgrim Fathers

to the meticulous civil servants of 1958. l :‘

on this Continent a new Nation,

, Breaking The Sound Bolrier

Elizabeth Long in the

In Winnipeg schools about one

pupil in 25 has some impair- ment in hearing. More than half of thesechildren can be helped, however, if they are given immed- iate, treatment. ’ Teachers are on the alert if a pupil begins to turn oneelar to listen, if whe asks for many repetitions, if he develops sfiebch probleins, if his academic work worsens. The same vigliance‘ is shown when a child has recov- ered from an illness or from a gathered ear. Tests are avail- able right in the school with a nurse and a visiting heir-lug ther— apist on hand. If necessary, the child is referred to his family doctor, formedical treatment is given. .

Some children have defective hearing from birth and some- times little sound of any kind reaches them Winnipeg schools educate these children- in the Hearing Conversation centre at Mulvey school TU‘TORED BY THERAPIST ‘ ~ There they are enrolled in re- gular classes alongside children with normal hearing. In addition they are tutored each day by a speech and hearing therapist. The therapist is also a teacher with a specially equipped class- room of her own. The Child Guidance clinic helps to grade the child and eight members'of the clinic fonm an advisory com- mittee to the teacher and parents.

A child of six who has been cut off Cfrom normal commun- ication all his life can-not com- pete with normal pupils. The therapist understands that, at first, the best“ hearing aid in the world is not enough. Iiior— mal words, instead of the dis- torted sounds he has been ac- customed to, will be a shock to the child. He first requires train- ing and preparation for using a hearing aid. The therapist has machines to help her to do this. Next, there must be the choice of the right type of hearing aid, and its professional fitting and adjustment.

Then, word by word. and by patient and varied repetition, the therapist teaches the child how words ought to sound and how to "use lip-reading to supplement

Winnipeg Free Press

is extended by the air. In severe cases this may require daily le’s- sons for two or three years. SPECIAL SCHOOLS

Some European countries have special schools for teaching speech and hearing to‘ children from the time they are two or three years old. In Winnipeg, the Speech and Hearing centre is available when they become six.

After the children halve-learn- ed t9 use a hearing aid, lan- guage, speech patterns and vo- cabulary growth come more eas- ily. But even then the child re- quires the services of the thera— pist. He has to catch up on lost

years. So. the therapist continues.

to teach speech 1ip+readingrand language study and to give Add- itional tutoring in any subject with which the child is having trouble in the regular classroom. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE . ' .

From the first, the primary objective of the school has been to help hardcf—healring children to fit into normal living, to ming- le with people, to decide what

Helium, The Sun Gels

kind of work they want to do,

oh that they may become self-

_ sufficient and responsible citizens

The process isa long one. They must be told about the peculiar limitatons of their typeof hear- ing. They must learn that, be- cause of the effort of listening, their fatigue rate is much higher than a normal penson’s; and that their hearing may depreciate as much as 25 percent because of fatigue. ' '

At the Hearing Conservation centre the therapist accomplishes this in the course of the chil- dren’s development up to grade Every day at noon all the hard-of-jhearing come to her class- room to eat their lunch.

Like any family group the lit- tle ones listen to the older ones whose speech is clear, who hard- ly know that they are lip-reading who often get high marks in class and who are full of life and confidence in the future. So the little ones gain confidence too, as they feel that they are part of a pattern. But none, ex-. cept the therapist, sees that they are participatng in the miracle

of a growing acceptance of their place in normal, everyday life.

\

National Geographic, News Bulletin

Helium, the sun gas with a his- tory as strange as its proper- ties, has become a valuable tool in the search for the basic sech refs of matter. It is also a key element in satellite launchers and large military rockets.

Helium’s importance comes not so much from what it has, but from what it lacks, the National Geographic Society says. The gas is odorless, tasteless, color- less, inert. It will not normally combine with other elements. It will not burn or explode. It will change into a liquid only at ex- tremely low temperatures. FLOWS UPHILL

But in one liquid state helium defies some of the laws of na- ture. It will flow uphill. It trans- mits lleat phenomenally well. It acts so strangely that some scien- tists declare there are four kinds of matter in the world: solids. liq- uids gases and superfluid helium.

As demand for the gas grows, the Department of Interior—the only U“‘lel"?i‘ in the Uni‘ed Sza<

the still imperfect hearing which

lies and the major world produ-

cerdhas announced a $225 mil- lion progra-m to {build 12 recov- ery plants beside natural gas pipe- lines. Hlelium occurs in natural gas in concentrations up to 7 per cent. There are four plants in op- eration: at Otis, Kansas; Ship- rook, New Mexico; and Amarillo and Ewell, Texas. A ‘

Although minute amounts of he- lium are found in the air and in many rocks, the gas was first discovered, not on earth, but on the sun. Studies of the sun’s ed- ges during an eclipse in 1868 pro- duced the first evidence of its ex- isteuoe—«a bright yellow line in the spectrum.

Named from the Green “helios” meaning sxin, it was not identif- ied on earth until 28 years later. Sir William Ramsay produced it by heating the mineral clevei‘te. He described his experiment in the National Geographic Maga- zine in April, 1906.

Showing that ‘h'elium can be formed as an end product of rad ' "‘e decay. Sir William poin- out a path to developments

lied

What a contrast is. the verbiage ,

Po rents Must Be Vlglloni By Herman N. Bundesen. M.D.

MOST all diseases hafie sym '- toms of one kind or another. Re- cognizing these symptoms usual- ly means that treatment can be started while the disease still is in the early. stages.

As parents, you owe it to your children to be able to recognize anything which might be an in- dication of an illness. Moreover, you should report it to your doc- tor promptly.

Let’s’take rheumatic fever as an example. _ _

LIST FOR PARENTS

The American Academy of Pe- diatrics’ School Health and Rh;- umatic Fever Committees have prepared the following list of signs and symptoms that both parents and teachers should con- sider as an indication that. some- thing is wrong with a child: