THE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWIV

l A Cause 0f Envy 74a of"? _/ - Notes By The Way . flail’ Gena ___ SONG ' i‘ walkinl 91:: Huerta-t? $55.: "Shgelnririil-ug "l..""'”"“‘ lblt ‘lrt- Two 9r three generations facturera say women's gunman“; no twn the key to farmln , and nan i "u" w" llldlllll by "l! Illzlllhl- sreadtirhllir: iiiei-fiii-iiii- wish!‘ "m: neas of his furrow, the smoothness iarlty of open-toad lho-es ti’ 0am“ of the plowed ground and the thor- [gndglg m "cent w." f, a" “'4 outhness with which, the stubble [eat more opportunity t u 8M“ was covered. The annual plowing A“, women», yncrufln‘; "mad- match was the year's ‘greatest fea- me “ulna,” b u, ‘y “ll” tlve occasion, on n parwlth today's enigma‘; "we! t)‘; t a y?“ h" community baseball tournament or u“, bind Neverihpl“ - 31°”?! stampede. Then the aulky arid "m hm"'°n Gm e c“ “ml Rani blows came along. and the L." "e-cumnz‘ m" v§,;""‘“l°°l\1r~ farmer rode instead of walked. m“ emu h t b y "l" WWII Tractorayailivlilanted horses. and no women din (fike actually 7% =lrice one was on the plow at all. Now a" hand i e1‘? "m" ""0 lur- the one-way disc has auppliinled the shoe for v30!“- he average-size plow almost 100 per cent, and ex- whue b l, "lien" “ow l‘ 5 l° 5b. cept for breaking sod the plow is ° "e e w" ll “'86 5 ii!

5'/—and it i u d an obsolete implement. In fact it “time truth l‘. golzllzlzvaylfltzldtzi;

these sizes. -- Washington P05;

PAGE FOUR

THE GUARD-IAN

Morning Daily illonndeu l.a 1M1) antaorimi as smiuu Clilla nail. Poet 0111M Department, Ottawa.

The Island iiuiirdian i-"ubliiihlna Co. Idltar and flfllillllll‘ lllrooivr- J- l1 ""1""- Aaaor-listo Editor, Fraali Waller.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Thal the Weakest ink.” _

cuasuorruroww, MONDAY. Jill-Y 18. 1949

Freedom And The Press

"Britain's Royal Commission into the Press was one of the most exhaustive inquiries into the newspaper business ever conducted in a free

q a ll gguntry," says the Winnipeg free Press. The Commission itself was non-partisan. lhwas made up of a prominent educator, a leading trodes unionist, a playwright, an outstanding mcmliel’ of the British Liberal parry and others. it sot for 26 months and heard I82. witnesses. its re- port is contained in a 363 page booklet Wlllle its verdict on the British press is most gratify- ing - the Commission found the press was neither corrupt nor monopolistic -— of Plllllflllm’ interest are its views on the ownership of news- papers and the influence o-f outside sources upon . naws and editorial policy. The Commission, liov- Declaration of Papal lnfallibility this dale ing sat for more than two years listening to i870. all points of view, did not find a solution l0 lll¢ pubis,“ 0i the prasi ‘in major changes in the ownership and control of the industry. . _

"The report remarks: Tree enterprise is il ire-requisite of a free press, and free enterprise Ln the case of newspapers of any considerable firculation would generally meon commercially profitable enterprise. Nor do we see the solution m any form of state control of the press. We prefer to seek ihemeans of maintaining the free expression of opinion and the greatest proc- ticable accuracy in the presentation of news, and generally, a proper relationship between the press and society, primarily in the press it- self.‘

Jumr '18. 1949

done by March 3i, i950. The board's legislative lease on life terminates then. The end of the bard would mean the end of rent controls un- less the provinces stepped into the field. Actual- ly, this issue comes within the jurisdiction of the provinces anyway, but they have preferred to lei Ottawa worry through the task it assumed during the war, primarily because the control machinery of the Prices Board still was capable of functioning. '

The shortage of housing in Canada still is a worrisome problem and doubtless still will be by next spring. Finance Minister Douglas Ab- bott has indicated that the present extension of wartime powers will be the lost asked by the Government. lf that is the case, provincial gav- ernrnenfs well might contemplate the day when they have to decide whether .or nor they are will ing to assume the responsibility for rent controls There have’ been many relaxations in federal

rent regulations since the war, but "to control ~eeo<a>eeaeeseeceeq or not to control" still is a live and touchy t o“ Charlottetown

question. (All! P. I. l.)

JEDITORIAL NOTES! "-"" --——- anvscz r0 snrrmns .

By-electlon today at‘ Souris. - - - The 11m Year the land is burnt. Youwill put in some potatoes; but 5°11! Plant more than are absolute- ly necessary-since the disease. the ‘lgcxter ‘the ‘belief, New bum;- 13nd . _ _ es ur . The busiest man in the Province today is tile; so»; pfswniinierffixffi ‘:2: the Premigr; he i; qt everygody‘, cn||_ (Swede turnips, mashed with a tow e e a Potatoes, are not had food); the seed is not expensive; sow it thick, that the fly may have his share, and leave a share for you also. The second year, sow the potato and turnip land with some wheat and some oats; try some rye 3159-. it is a sure crop. and if the wheat fails, will make excellent bread: arid if you sell it, the brewer-g will give you three shillings and six pence to four shillings per bushel for it. Unless the land is very sood, you should not take another (U, K. Information Orifice) i Brain crop off the some piece of Mr. Attlcc. ‘PW-lilflfi l1! m’ around: but if it is very strong you United Kingdom House o.’ Cem- mBY sow oats or rye on it the third mono on July 13th on the <l°°ll

l love all besuteous things, lseek and adore them;

God hath no better praise. And man in his hasty days Is honoured for them.

I too will somot ng make And 10y ln the lllibking; Qilltholhinmorrow it seem

e e em t r d: Remctnbered psi bang?‘ a drum

' —Robert Bridges

la hard to find one anywhere In moat prairie communities. — Cal- gary Albertan.

By the ilcclslun of Olslaf Justice J. C. Mcltuer, W. W. Walker, flor- ist of this city. is to receive dam- ages from the McKlnnon Industries. because of injury to orchids and other flowers from the gas fumes of the plant, 600 feet away. The judgment took 9B pages and is re- garded ‘as one of the most import- ant of its kind ever delivered. Also it may have a widespread effect in industrial centres elsewhere. Mr. Justice McRuer also granted on in- junction, which he deferred until November 1, to give the companv time to male; oor-repttflve hilvhrpriggls The i-fi-rws no» w W s e tlve turn or mind wh

case was fought is shown by the u, mo" o; m, mode"? "£23321: meteorological evidence submitted. dune” we have m“! n w“ m It was ehown- that the wind blew “ma”, the Hutu". m: we“: from Mcltirinon’: in the direction of and other, who “I m‘ “fly d" 4 the Zreenhousea 174 days in 1946. gave u, m, reap“. the "H, d”?! m days in 1941 aria 192 days ln mowing machinery and the ilk. 194.8. Damages were left unstatea wmmm whim ‘he; 501300000 an" but to be determined by the Countv whjch now m under crop’ ‘nnuuf; Court Judge of Lincoln. The court m the pram" would not MW b

left no doubt whatever that iniuirv brought into the use o! man c!" had been caused end that compen- w," to come B“ to our mind or satlon was a matter of equity. —- St. mechgnicgi ‘(one picker is reaii:

There is somethiu n,

the sun despite the bid tiling“? farmer at Inverness, Mont, has in. ' vented a stone-picking mBChlho o cratcd by n tractor, and it wbrir? Imagine what a boon that iii-Quid have been to the original settlers in some parts of Bruce and Oifawq Vfllley down Ontario wuy_ The could have built those miles oi stone fences for oneonehundroati, the back-breaking labor-if ti,” ’ had had the tractor and the m”, lliio to go along with the stone picker. This invention remind; u, that it ls the farmers of an inven-

=' "FFfli -‘"=;-=.¢=-.11~

l’ If i!

was‘ " irfircxs

Secret olectidh voting was introduced for the firs-f time in Britain by the passing of the Ballot Act this date i872

I W

m. .'\ "z ‘-

i

By-elecrlori in lst Kings —- as it is for coun- cillor, only pro-perry holders and hheir wives or husbands, World War l veterans, World War ll veterans with overseas service and clergymen will be entitled to vote.

ihisioountry are made the tools of these people and brought out on strike for reasons which have no- thing to do with them. with their relations with the employers and nothing to do with their pay, hours of work, or conditions." Mr. Attlee added with empha-

Mr. Attlee On The Dock Strike

I D I "Co-ordination of all transport services" as

' the Landon Fne Press. While Canadians

"As to the second point-that of outside in- fl-uerice on policy - the Commission found that ‘(he policy of the press is dictated neither b1 the advertisers, nor by the government. 11°F P? any outside financial interests. it is the policy of those who own and conduct the press. Nor do the causes of the shortc0mlfl95 ll¢ "l "Y particular form of ownership.‘

"The accuracy of these statements can be easily rested. The best guarantee of a free 9"” is one with adequate resources drawn from the greatest possible number of sources. A news- paper without adequate resources, conversely, becomes subject to every form of pressureun‘ its effort to keep alive. Where ll’ h“ °"lY u llmlled source of revenue, the origin of that revenue becomes of particular "importance. Where it has many, any one, though valuable, is not irre- placcable. lt is part of the strength of the press in North America and the English-speaking countries generally that it is dependent for ll’! livelihood on advertising from innumerable cus- tomers. it performs in this way] lllgllll‘ “if” able public service find by so doing achieves its freedom. Thus advertising is to be regardcd as a guarantee of independence, not a detriment

l . to "'Again, this can be tested. The Freiicll press before the war was notoriously venal, be- cause mass advertising as in the English-speak- ing world did not exist in France. Not only was it subject to the influence of government and pressure groups, but it was used by Mussolini, for example, in an attempt to influence French policy. it was subject to these pressures because,’ generally speaking, it was always short of funds.

"The dangers of state ownership are ob- vious. The Sovlet Union has state ownership. lt has no newspapers as we know them. What servo as newspapers are no more than propaganda agencies for the government, designed not to iri-form but to influence; not to instigate con- troversy but to eliminate it.

"The most satisfactory answer is to _bc found in independent ownership operating wherever possible under competitive conditions and thus providing the maximum choice for the reader. Newspapers will survive if the public want them to survive. Advertisers will advertise in a paper that is read. In general, it can be said “there are exceptions to this, of course-that that newspaper will survive which the public mast wants to survive, and that will die Wllkli cannot command public support for any one of many reasons. _

"Britain's Royal Commission found that ii was a ‘plain fact that an industry that lives by the sa-les of its products must give the public what the public will buy.’ The best newspppqr in i-he world, which has no readers, is of little value. And though the press has a responsibility to educate as well as entertain it is undeniable fact that if it does not entertain, It will never have the opportunity to pducate. _

"The best hope of on improved press in this country or elsewhere does not lie in some magic formula of new ownership but in a co-op- erative, effort between the press and its readers to raise the general standard. lf the press sup- plies and the public demands the degree of in- formation necessary for a proper understanding of the complex world in which we live, then bet- ter and better newspapers will be available. Today's papers are Miter than yesterday's; to- rriorrciv/s will be better still if both parties iii the business continually work and demand it."

Ilolill or rriei cnuii

Canada's Prices board is approaching its 10th binitdq -.and perhaps axhiiction, notes may nod approval when this Government agency posses our of existence, none can challenge the fact that during rlia war it performed a vital service

Next September the board trill liava been on for I0 years. Tlie,\rortime agency talaJurd enprices and commodities and

_ formerly bod thousands on

‘ "l.'3i""1-."Z.‘.Tt""'

that in we villi iii

recommended by the Maritime Board of Trade’ would end the annoyance of clashing rail, bus and air time tables and result in greatly iinprey. ed service without additional cost. W I I

if _Washingron is actually considering "the advisability of continuing to exchange classified atomic energy data with Britain and Canada" it would be well to recoil that the idea was Brit- ish in origin and that Canada is an important- source of supply.

§ U ¥

lt is hardly to be credited, but just possible that Charlottetown is to be discriminated against politically because some of its electors saw fit to split their votes. Summerside, on the other hand may be beneififting from adhering to the line of successiom-Mackenzie King, MooLean, Ralsron, MaciNaughf.

i i Q f

The Ottawa Citizen reports that progress is being made by the Dominion inter-department- al committee studying raxation of federal pro- perty by municipalities. The problem affects almost all cities, but in some cases government property comprises a large portion of what should be rare-paying property,

Qntario newspajiers. delight in reporting the astonishing tfiings that get by the authorities in more benighfcd parts of this land, so that iris worth pointing out that it was an Ontario driver who after 26 years at the wheel, discover- ed that he was supposed to have a driver's li- cence.

I I Q Are we getting our full share of tourists? Moiicton reports they are passing through there in greater numbers than ever. Perhaps the dusty condition of our dirt roads may account for not a few reaching the Island. No tourist who could avoid it, will come to a territory to be swamped in dust passing qyer unsurfacod roads. i k fl

Stage coach drives in London have been arranged this summer. A genuine four-in-hand stage coach will make morning, afternoon and evening tours between Kensingron, Hyde Park, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross, Westminster and Buckingham Palace. Thar could hardly figppen lie-re, even if we had the equipment, be- cause of the dust nuisance, though it would be great to have a display of old-time teams and buggies just to show how our predecessors handl- e_d the reins instead of the wheel.

I

I l I

Jone Austen, English novelist, died this date 1815. Daughter of an English clergyman, she oarly showed her literary genius by publishing o story, Elinor and Marianne, which was latcr renamed Sense and Sensibility. She wrote anony- mously, her name not being divulged until her last novel was published posthumously in i818. Her novels include Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma, Persua- sions, Nortlionger Abbey. Her characters are drawn from upper class English life and reveal themselves without advertisement, showing re- markable gifts of humour and satire, and ex- quisite discernment of the workings of the fe- minine mind. "To sit in the shade on a fine day and look upon verdure is the most perfect refreshment."

U I I

After a searching investigation the bizarre police scandal of Belleviile, Onh, has resulted in iiie discharge of the complainant, Const. J. E. Kenya, and the pensioning of a district sup- erintendent and a police sergeant. The recom- mendation come from Mr. Justice J. Keillad Mackay, who investigated the more rlian 60 ac- cusations at a one-man Royal commission and handed down this finding: "His charges and al- legation: of wrong-doing, perjury, deceit, ineffic- iency, and uriiriipaitiafily against public officials and police officers remain wholly unsupported and are completely without vindication, justifi- cation, mitigation or excuse." but, while the loyal Commissioner found no evidence to nip- port Kerry's allegations, he did recommend a reorganization of the leiiavilie district of the eritaezixroyiiiciel Polivca, labeling" Ysifllmlllf e r napeoter . A. 1e o t. I. F. Martial.

year also; sow gees; lfigag‘ “q "m white clover. end timothy as libel-g. 1v =1 W“ w: more. wiui either the first or second grain crop, ‘ rordios as you intend it to be the last. The next year you will out the hay. O I Q

Now you should not cut hafon this ground another year. unless you top dress the land; if you can't do so, pasture it. You will any you have few stock to -make manure, and "0 llme to set it. or way of hB-"llhs mud to make cornposts. 1 "l1 quite aware of these difficul- ties, and those best off may have to yield in some degree to circum- stances. But so to work the right Wily from the first, and you will do much more than you think; if You are industrious in clearing, and raise turnips, you will be able to keep a cow and pig the second year; place a good lot of earth in the shed under the cow, it will catch the urine; keep adding fresh earth to the sty where the pig ‘s kept in autumn, and have a good quantity of it under- him all winter. In many places fern grows plenti- fuliy, "by the road side and through the woods: it i: very valuable as manure. Make it a rule, that each child shall every day in summer gather an arm full, and throw in the pig aty or cow house; in autumn, when the leaves fall, gath- er as many as you can; every spring. turn nil_out of the cow house and pig sty, and make it into a heap. Every little helps, and in a year or two by the time you want manure, you will have a respectable pile. t

O30

l’ often see new settlers selling ashes: don't do this-the trifle yoii get for them is ‘not worth the time wasted in bringing them to market. Keep every quart of your ashes, and mix ft-witli mud if you can get it, if not, with earth and sods from the road side: if you don't want it the year you make it. it will improve by keeping. I know that some new settlers are so destitute, that present subsist- ence can only be obtained-by rneana injurious to their future operations. Necessity may compel you, and many in like circumstances, to soil what should be kept as a valuable manure, tn be harder on the land you first clcat- than you would wish. and do mcny things good hus- bandry forbids. To aucl-il would only say, do not persevere in rak- inr! repented crops of grain or hay off the some land, or in selling ashes, or neglect collecting every- thlngwhich will make‘ mflnflrc. 0N‘ vear ionizer than you can possibly help; and after you once get fairly under way. the stumps out of a few acres. and the Dlvllith to work. Y0" will have no excuse for treatintt the land you clear each year badly. Then commence at once with the riroper system: err-h acre of new burnt land will yield you turnips to feed your stock. will give Y0" l “OP of grain. and a croP o! haw: then pasture it until it is fit to Wimb- nnd then, not. havinfl N!" Qxhiun‘ ed, very little manure will carry another rotation.

—Fror-1 "Hints to the Farmers 0! Prince Edward Island." 155?. l’? Judge Peters.

n~ cnffllfltfiflfi*’

i iii Age-mu Story

g fll [will M‘ shall be ford"! "I!" lalalllr-

iirria roua nus Paris was liberates on nus. B.

me. having been ooou d b! Nut forces since Juno 14. 1M0.

Gnlifilatelieson as» "

OYIOIIIIIHII Ipaualtshlathefttfisgaf gtasaasfortho aorreotloaaf ooalardafeefa.‘

ao- strilre and H.000 at work.

m~ IIKIMPIIYIIIUN Thelninliitan ‘ht “an,”

strike, bald "X regret. to state that ‘the flgurfl today abow no improve- ment, ‘more are 18.6w mocha: situation is such as gravely to injure the economy of this oounf-i‘? at a critical period in its history. Every endeavour has been made by‘ the Government and trade unionists M inform the mm 0! the situation, but I think it. would t» well I iiiouia state asiiin What y, the mu point, at issue” flail-big had originated two Canadian Unions. Canadian Seaman's Union and use Seafarers’ International Union. With the rights or wronfii of that quarrel iwo in this country were not concerned, The only reason why we have been brought into it is because the Canadian Seaman's Union decided to call strike in foreign ports. The result has been a. series of strikes in th.s country beginning at Avonmouth and culminating in the strikes at the laden Docks". "1 am aware that fliers! ha! been a lot talk as to whether this is a lockout or partly a strike and partly a lockout, The short. P01!" is that the original dispute was ended at. Avonriouih. The crisi- nal dispute in London was ended and work was resumed in the lpndim docks. Then because of of rm alleged breach of under- taking by the Canadian ship owners, the men struck work and others atruckJn. sympathy"-