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.THE GUARDIAN

leaning It (lulled In llli) Althea-load no s33. aru- Inll, rm Offlao Department, Ottawa. Ila lulnna Guardian Publishing 0e. lilllllll and lluunglrig Director, J. l. Barnett!

‘Aoaaoleto Isllsar, nun wen-

(‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest ink."

CIIABLOTTETOWN. MONDAY, ocronszn 1s. ms

llow School lloiioeiil

The era of the little "old red schoolhouse"

is definitely passing in Canada. "lid ll" "Y N?“

of the school as a community centre is talun9 '15

’ place. Within limits, this idea has definite advan- tages though it is well to remember that limita-

tions exist. A survey made in Manitoba has pro-

duced an interesting report on this subject. lt is

argued that the adoption of the "neighborhood

concept" for elementary schools insures tllile dis-

trict a future plantwhich Qlllltllld render maXl-

‘mum service at minimum cost. The importance of the suggestion is not only the necessllt’ °1

providing physical space. There is also inherent

in it the fact that two different ‘standards pf

education are ranged side by side in the public

schools of the community. As the question is one

of Canada-wide concern, the following excerpt

»- from the report will be studied with general in-

terest: _

"A school building is no longer conceived as a structure which provides services for children only six hours a day for five days of the week and is then closed the rest of the week. The build- ing should be available whenever needed as a neighborhood centre for the adults of the com- munity who desire to use it for educational and recreational purposes. Furthermore the school ground should be available for use by children or adults of the neighborhood for recreational purposes when school is not in session. On the basis of wider use, the district can justify great- or expenditures for school sites and school build- has-II

The Polltlclal Angle

Another angle to the question of Newfound- land's entry into Confederation is raised by the Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph. This is a strictly political one. Seven new seats in the House of Commons are involved, and it will be a matter of considerable interest to see how these seats go in the Dominion elections. For the general public this interest may be no more than aca- demic but for the political parties it will be ex- tremely practical. Already the reorganization of the Liberal Party in Newfoundland is announced and the various Opposition groups will have to be alert if they are not to "miss the boat."

To begin with, the Liberal Party should have an advantage from the fact that it has been in office at the time of the negotiations of New- foundland's entry inla Confederation. But that advantage becomes all the more marked since it was Joseph Robert Smallwood who mobilized the pro-Canadian majority in the island referendum and it is the same man who is now proceeding to re-organize the Liberal Party there.

A publicity release states that Mr. Small- wood, who "when he began two years ago to preach that Newfoundlanders should become Canadians was almost a voice crying in the wild- erness, according to press forecasts now stands a good chance of being first Premier of the new Province." As some 18 of the lsland's 25 electoral divisions voted favorably to Confederation, these forecasts appear to be reasonable enough at the moment — provided always Mr. Smallwood does not prefer a place in the Dominion Cabinet, should this be offered to him. And provided also, of course, that the Liberal Party remains in power at Ottawa.

Bonnie's contribution

Canadians have no need to be ashamed of their contribution to European recovery, even as compared with the huge U.S. expenditure. Since the end of the war the U. S. has provided $16,160 millions for Europe; during the same period, Canada has provided $1,894 millions. On a per capital basis this works out to approxi- mately $115 per capita from Americans and $158 per capita from Canadians.

In addition, the United Kingdom has cori- tributed $2,450 millions, and Argentina, Sweden and Russia have contributed about $500 millions apiece. Altogether European nations have re- ceived about $20 billions in economic aid from abroad since the war's end.

These figures. do not include funds provid- ed through the United Nations Appeal for Chil- dren, the International Refugee Organization, or U.N.R.R.A., to all of which Canadians have made substantial contributions.

At the other end, Britain has been the chief recipient of this bid with $6,670 millions. France got $3,957 millions, the Anglo-American zone of Germany $1,876 millions, Italy $1,859 millions, Poland $1,150 millions, and the Netherlands $1,054 millions.

To Promote tllvllllaii Flyliig

A Government subsidy to promote civilian ‘flying training has received Cabinet approval and will be announced shortly from Ottawa, according to a report in the October issue of Canadian Aviation. ' More generous than the pro-war grant to fly- ing clubs, this new program also will have a broader application to include commercial fly- ing schools as well, the magazine claims. An- other new feature will be a direct cosh payment to each flying graduate. _ Each flying club or school providing an approved course of air and ground instruction will reoeivp $1M for every student who posses the private flying license tests. In addition, the student will receive e casli subsidy with his lic- ense. . The eiilitory significance of this program is

e provision an extra onus to each flying graduate if he (a) is 18-22 years of n00; (b) can pass the RCAF aircrew medical; (c) is willing to sign up for the RCAF auxiliary or the permanent farce.

The Civil Aviation Division of the Depart- ment of Transport is working out a detailed plan of administration. When this is complete, an order-in-council will authorize the program.

EDITO RlAl. NOTES

Feast of St. Luke. I G

This is Navy Week and Charlottetown is off to a good stort with the presence here over the week end of His Majesty's Canadian Ships "Magnificent" and "Haida."

. i * I l‘

When the moon becomes merely a shadow of its usual self between eight o'clock and mid- night tonight it will just be the result of a penum- bral aeclypse.

i i I

The Charlofietown Kiwanis and Summer- side Y's Men are doing the work of putting over the Red Cross Blood Tranfusion Service but only the willing response of volunteer donors can assure its success.

fi i Q i‘

Early next year a committee ls to meet to discuss unification of currency in the British West Indies. Those colonies are constantly facing problems caused by their "lack of political unity which would be readily solved by joining the Canadian confederation.

w I I I

Today the third Dominion-Provincial con- ference to discuss the tourist industry gets under way in Ottawa. Like so many other subjects the vitally important tourist trade can only be pro- perly developed by the closest co-operation be- tween Ottawa and provincial authorities.

i i‘ i’ i‘

The ingenuity of auto builders has at last beaten the inertia of drivers who seem incapable of dimming their headlights. A light-sensitive cell mounted at the left side of the front bump- er automatically switches down the headlights when another vehicle approaches within about 500 feet. I i i Q While at the end of August, 1948, the total Danish pig population of 1.69'million represented a decline from that of a year earlier, the number of sows bred showed an opposite trend with ‘a 24 per cent increase during the same period. This increase was ln expectation of larger and cheaper feed supplies, and will mean increased marketings during the next season. ‘I * I

The last English Lottery was held this date 1826. By the Lotteries Act of 1823, which was proclaimed two years later, the selling of tic- kets or chances in a lottery (including foreign state lotteries) became illegal involving a fine of $250 and punishment of promoter and sell- ers as rogues and vagabonds. A prize drawing where every ticket carries a prfie is not a lot- tery. '

I I Q I ‘

We are sometimes inclined ta enlPliflille too much the virtue of being ready to fight for democracy. The less sPfliillllul" “Y 1° dPY "" terest in its workings and readiness to give up one's time and effort are ill“ "5 '"1P°"°"l- South American republics have always shown themselves ready to fight against oppression only to find that one dictatorship has been replaced by another.

a» n a

Britain has undertaken to curtail expendi- tures on social improvement and betterment pro- jects to t_he extent that such outlays interfere with her ability to become independent of dollar aid. This undertaking is entirely unilateral_so far but is part of Britain's four year economic pro- gram recently submitted to the Organilaflofl for European Economic Cooperation in POHS- Tl"! program, when correlated with_ those of other European countries, will be Britains answer to the question directed to all ‘participants in the European recovery program: ‘What are Y0ll>"ll‘l- tending to do to be self sufficient by 1952.

i i i i

Effective October 1, 1948, anew fol" Yel" British-Danish trade agreement will replace the previous agreement which expi-res on Septembcfl 20, 1949. ln the first 12 months’ Britain w: purchase 60 per cent of Denmark: exportabie butter, estimated at 6_5 thousand tons. The pgice will be the same as in the old agreement. ut- ing the period of the new agreement Britain will buy 90 per cent of the Danish expartaltlo 110"" compared with 80 per cent under the previous agreement, at the old price with provision for price revision at any future :10"-

For the January-June period total Canad- ian exports of domestic products were $1,400 mil- lion, the highest for any peacetime half year, and about 5 per cent. in value over those of-the like term of 1947 reports the_Canadian Banli of Commerce News Letter. Declines were recorded for all major geographical areas, apart from the United Kingdom and the United States. The in- crease in shipments to the British market was slight, about $8 million to a total of $360 mil- lion. The United States, however, much greater proportion of Canadian and goods, the amount in

Zealorid an

desia, Iraq, Ceylon, India, Eire and the Philippines,

Cuba, Mexico and Venezuela.

\

. (loaf Mu rah)

_.... aim consume. ,

The ‘slice row. getting from Confederation Should boas ‘thick as one one Newt-cond- land. Io being oFFarcal!

7 ,

‘fh a.‘l' ,’

or‘, siedll i...

to give us d bl::¢Y slice than

Notes From

Unity Through Division

inevitable dlvlslonl would be oblit- erated and forgotten lf Canada were re-dlvlded lnta as many as

l - Notes By

Tuna are booming off the B. C. coast, but lt won't mean cheap food for the people. The fllh are fetch- lng $560 n ton and the fishermen

Bouts are earning from $1,000 to $4,- 000 a day. Canned tuna, with row flch at $500 to $600 a ton, cannot

cents for a seven-ounce can. Many citizens will ponder the strange clr- cumstances that although tuna swarms off the B.C. coast by the millions, the ordinary cltlzen won't be isble to taste lL-Vancouver News-Herold.

Several high-boned eolenflflo ron-_ sans have been glven for the pro- posed detonation of 3.000 tons ol bombl- e remains of World We: ll iimmu ltlon dump-at Attope ln New Guinea. The blast, we are solemnly told, wlll aid in the study of earthquakes, and perhaps lead to the discovery of all. But we some- how cuspect that the real reason may be youthful desire on the port of the offlclaflng scientists to pro- duce n really big bang-the fire- cracker of the ages, so ta speak.— Edmonton Journal. ,

There ln u practical reason wby~ dictators always fear assassination and are heavily protected against such a possibility. The reported attempt. on the life of President Juan D. Peron, of Argentina. and his wlfe, ls an example. In a democratic country, lt ls possible to get. rld of u leader by demo- cratic processes. It ls only neces- sary to await the next election. Then, if enough people are dissat- isfied, the government ls changed. In a dictatorship, the only way to get: rid of the head of government ls to shoot hlm, or use some slm- ilarly violent method. —— Windsor Star.

The student; and myself were elb- tlng around Mr. Webber, on the floor ln the Albion hotel, listening to hlm criticize their sketches. iIe exhibited is water-color that repre- sented a house, painted red on one side, green on the other. against: an ardent blue sky. Washing hung along a clothesllne stretched under-

are standing out for S600 e lon.l

xThe Way .-

{hid risen lo 62.6 per cent.’ But in

l 1946 it Win81 per cent, and 1n 194', [it was 79.7 per cent-Ottawa Cltl- ' rzen.

j ‘siiqpiy llllller rm and lllglm entrance standards have not. lolv. ed the enrolment problem of Con.

be marketed at. less than 60 to Bfijisdtan universities. This Fall total

attendance will be well over 60,000. While that la a- slight drop from lass year's record ft ls for beyond the overuse of prewar. Wlflmut ‘some drastic change 1n present con. ‘dltlone, the 18 universities of sh“ jcountry may ac .well reconcile flhemcelves to a per onent enrol- ‘merit of at least double th t: of be. ‘fore the war.—Flnunclol out.

l The prloo of n shave iii cum, may go up from 35 to 50 cents. But it doesn't. mean much-because the barber-shop shove 1| rapidly going the way of gas lights and high. button shoes. While every barber in town ls equipped to zlve n shave in the best 1900 tradition. Cnlnplele with steaming towels and flourish- ing straight-edge, he knows that even though the pi-lce goes up to 50 cents, he'd die a piiuper 1g h, counted on shaves for n llvlng. A veteran barber in one of Calgary‘; best chops says he used to shave eight or 10 men a day. Last week. he hadn't shaved one ln four days. Youngbarbers must stlll know the art of glvlng a shave, but the older men soy the finer arts of the trade are being lost through lack or Practice. It's one man 1n a thous- and now who doecn‘! shave hlm- self.—Crilgary Albertan.

A new laminated typo of hlm; certificate, smaller and more per- manent than the paper farm now tn use. has been available for dls- tribution to Manitoba cltlzens slrice October 1st. The certificate ls issued ln accordance with notice given at the last session of the Legislature. The new certificates are made of celluloid acetate, 1-100 of an lncli thick, and are Water 811d Perlplratlon proof. Measuring 3% x 2% . they wiii n: easily mm is cord case or wallet and wlll be a convenient means of identifica-

Anolher Island

(Halifax Chronicle) 19 Provlnces—20 when Newfound-

neath a dusty tree. "Those were

tlon. The cards wlll contain name,

No one who knows hlm could doubt. the intense Canadlanlsm of Professor A. R. Lower. Neverthe- less, as he tells us an occasion what Canada ought to do to be caved, one suspects sometimes that he does lt with hlc tongue in his

By "Anson"

London, England :--

absorbed a materials nearly $650. million, one-third above the first half of last year. Mar- kets in the British West Indies, Australia, New Continental Europe showed con- siderable loss s. There were also quite substantial declines ' in erports to South Africa, Southern Rho- Palestine, Egypt, China, only partly offset by in- creases in shipments to Newfoundland, British East Africa, British Malaya, Hong Kong, Japan, the Netherlands indies and Portuguese Africa. The record in respect of Latin America is a mix- ed one, with declines recorded in export trade with such important markets as Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Peru slightly over-balancing higher sales to other major countries, notably, Brazil,

A few weeks ago I mentioned that the English football season had opened. lt. is now well under way, and wlll go on untll next April orJVloy, when 1t wlll close ln is real fever of excitement as the various league championships are decided. In between now and then millions of words will be written and read, spoken and heard. in the press,. over the radio and ln everyday conversation all over the country. For our two football codes, soccer and rugby, are the winter sports to the ordinary Englishman (and quite often his wlfe, too), and he's quite likely to say you can keep your skis and skates and Swiss Alps, so long as he can see his fav- ourite football team wln on a Sat.- urday afternoon. 0 O

And thereby hangs a tale. be- cause somebody hns discovered that there ls more to it than merelyj winning or losing. It seems lt has quite an effect on the national ef- fart!

In the industrial areas of the country lt has been noticed that production goes up when the localj team wlns, and drops when they lose. More than that, they do cay that when the local players are In good form and hlt. a winning streak, even the housewives are more cheerful. They don't seeml to mind qulfe as much when they‘ have to wait a long time ln lhel llne-up at the butcher’ or the‘ flshmongefls, and somehow the, week's butter ration seems n little blt. bigger when the boys have won ; another game. It's difficult to say, whether or not lt ls a direct effectj on the womenfolk. or simply that hubby ls in n better temper and that that makes the wlfe feel bet- ' ter ln consequence.

1t. might. pay the Government. to investigate the whole matter, es- pecially Slr Stafford Crlpps. l-fe la crying out for more and more production ln the faclorlem; so that he can export more and more — well, this might be a way for hlm to give the workers a renl oust.

All he would have to do ls take‘ steps to bulld up a powerful foot- ball team ln each industrial town. lf the teams are good enough to keep on wlnrilng. the factory work- ers wlll be happy and hey, preotol —tlie export figures wlll go up like a rocket!

But of course, that might be dan- gerous to the liberty of the ploy- ers, once we get nationalized foot- ball. Under Emergency Regula- tions, anybody who impeded the national effort was liable to dire penalties. So imagine —-some un- fortunate full-back who happened to be a blt off form one day and thus contributed to his side's de- feat might flnd himself being whisked off to jail for causing n ‘drop In production of cars and so endangering the national economy! I O I

But while mllllons of English- men wlll get wildly excited at the Saturday afternoon spectacle of n few men klcklng n leather brill about for ninety minutes, the ne- tlon as e whole ll maintaining n stolld refusal to get hot up about the international situation, ‘pre- ferring to let matters come to a head ln their own time and then toklng whatever action seems ne- cessary. Meanwhile . . . well, you never know, matters might never come to a held st. all.

That's riot to say we aren't tn- terested. The Berllri crlsls ties been a crluls for so long now that. It has

it ls still with us, and we know lt-

guess. Nobody eeel the way out, so all we can do ts welt and see

‘designates Ontario as the Prussia

'French St. Lawrence, the Lakes, j the Prairies and the Pacific Coast, yet he believes that these almost

lost. is lot of lte news value, but And how lt will end is anybodyfe

whet really happens, which ll one

cheek. That is the impression one gains from his latest. article in the current issue of Maclean's Maga- zlne, noted on this page yesterday. i

Dr. Lower, like many other Can- adians, ls worried over the marked sectlonallsm ln this country. He

of Canada, and Quebec as the Bavaria —- taking ttlc figures from the days of imperial Germany-- and thinks, apparently, that if Ontario had the same self-con- sciousness as Nova Scotla, lf would probably destroy the Dominion. He knows that, divide Canada as you wlll, there will always be flve main sections, which he designates as the Appalachian Atlantic, the