PAGI TWO I

PRESENTING NEWE AND VIEWS OP-‘INTEREST T0 TEACHERS AND ALL 0TH

~A SA TURDA Y FEA TURE~

nursovaussr IN EDUCATION

THE SPIRIT OI‘ THE CURRICELULL

The school should teach oo- operatiori rather than competition. Certain activities are of a purely individual nature and instruction in these should be individualised advance according ty. But. all creative activities should socialized. Grou of children should work toget er upon a sin- gle project or problem and pro- duce the combined results of group activity rather than be pitted each individual against the other in antagonistic competition. Where each member of a more or less homogeneous group is allowed to contribute his share of

GRE

Few lanfl have suffered more than Greece in this war. Under Nazi rule, half a million of the -’l,000,000 people were killed or died of starvation and harsh treat- ment. It was in April 1941, the Germans marched into Athens. The Greek King George fled Egypt. l-le set up a government- iii-exile. This government moved to London This government work- ed with Allh against the Axis. it worked to free _ Within Greece the National Liberation Movement (E.A.M.) grew up und- gr Nazi rule. The middle close people, suffering under the Nazis worked underground to resist them. Their army built up to drive the Germans out numbered nearly 50.000. It was named the "EIIAS." Since the E.A.M. had some communists in its group. m6 conservatives formed another group which was known as the EDI-LS. (National Democratic Un- 1 i. Mhor some time now, the EAM. and E.D.E.S. have not only been lighting the Germans but each oth- er. The former wants a democ- racy without a king. while the sitter would like to get King

be stive impulse

tion. initiative and ‘skill. doward the consummation of

a co-opera- tive venture of real and pur- ectivivty. children learn to be tolerant and alert, seekers after trudtha ti‘?! Drectisje self-criticism an ev op sane udgmen; exercbe the tion endors-

- t develmon sonaiity and learn to fun society as healt ent shares in life's experiences. Such is the " e process and the spirit by which, to some extent, its objectives may be at- tained. Education cannot be re- ceived; there is no way by which it may be given; it must be

hieved.

informs - ac

ECE

George back. Premier Papand- reau of the government gro ord- ered that all guerrillas be d ann- ed and disbanded.

On Dec. 3rd, rioting broke out in Athens between EAM. army members and police and royalists.

Britain came to the support of Papandreaus regime. Prime Min- ister Churchill, on Dec. 5t as- serted that the British Army stood ready to crush any revolt aimed at setting up a “communist dic- tatorship" in Greece. He said the Greek people will have a chance to choose the form of government they wiah-wheth y re- public, right wing or left wing. Criticism of the British policy in Greece came from within Britain as well as from without. On Dec. 8, Prime Minister Churchill ad- dressed Parliament on the Greek problem. He gave as his basic rea- son for ordering British military intervention in Greece that it was incompatible with the honour of Britain and the obligations into which she had entered to wash her hands of the whole business. withdraw her troops, and leave Athens "to anarchy and misery followed by murder."

THE PACIFIC

On Nov. 26. Leyte bound Jap- anese trans orts were smashed by American fiers. MacArthufs men pressed forward to capture Limon. In the Leyte battle, five United States bombers wiped out a l3- ship convoy headed for Ormoc- r0 transports and three destroyers ivere sunk. Ground troops were mired by torrential rains on Eeyte around ‘ Wt " bombers hit the Japanese sir bases throughout the P lppincs. On Dec. ‘lth. American troops made a landing on the west coast of Leyte

near Ormoc.

Japanese paratroopa attacked Tacloban and did some damage before they were wiped out. On iiec. 1o, the ' captured Urmoc. Forces of General Mac- Arthur effected a landing on Min- cioro Island on Dec. l5. Mindoro ls situated 288 miles northwest of Leyte. Not a man was lost in the,

initial operation-which splits the Philippine Islands group in two and opens the corridor to the China coast. Mindoro defenders were taken by surprise.

Doc. l'l American troops push- ed inland on Mindoro seven to nine mils on a broad front.

The American troops have also landed on Ilumn ‘Island. The

om nsar Lingayen city on the southern shore eastward to San Fabian. Just as the Philippines are a key to the war of the Pacific, so Luzon is key possession of the Philippines. Luzon would give the rful base from which the Ens

s Japanese lifeline to their vital t Indian supplies, against the China. coast, against Formosa which is the Nipponese Gibraltar, and against the Japanese main- land.

BURMA

On Nov. I, Allied gains in Burma threatened the Japanese hold on the northern part of the country above Mandalay, while Japanese positions in eouthu-n and slarstlernd Burma had also been un -

ne .

...3."*.irs=":..:s "::~..*'-...:ai; 25am tarsal" ’$l%.;".“‘£i“€i‘.5 wow»- mu- freeing the Burma Road Ja - 15th Indian corpiin the Ks. °°“"°°'°d Wm‘ “l”- ese forces however were drving Valley have entered Po on Pwulmm‘ “Mm M000" I" h“ toward ‘valiant ' cum“ m. w d ‘ 1 been captured by the United States Kweichow. The dapanese were River, miles northeast of the o?‘ Mm?‘ n l" mu“ nmfl‘ making any“ in Chins to out. off captured island P011 of s. ‘,’..el1'd'°'_ ‘ mmllb"! ""1 °1"*

the Burma Road again. A com bined Chinese and American tank force captured Bhamo after a

the enemy. The new road which was started from the China side last August. runs from Myitkyina to L gc ung and would be approximately one-third

shorter than the old land routs t Burnta, Wanting and

unming.

Shwebo, 46 miles north of Man-

tbe lest large Japanese U per h

P . Madl,hasbeencornetaly u." Brit-

of occupied by Allied troops an

The Chinese. on Dec. 10, made a drive on the Japanese who were moving on Kwe orig, stopped the drive and pract cally cleared the enemy out of the gzrovince of Kuri- chow. On the h. the Chinese had recaptured the Kwelchow rail- road town cf Hsiasu. China. is troubled by. a division between the Nationalist Party and the Corn- munist Party

RULE! FOR SPELLING

i. For ,,__ or etsining the final “e":

(a) Words ending in e preceded by a consonant, usually drop the e on taking a suffix beginning with a vowel. Move-moving, believe- believing.

(b) Words ending in "us" drop the e on taking a suffixz-Argue-

double the final consonant before e. suffix beginning with a vowel. Thin-thinner, scquit-acquitting. (b) When the accent is thrown back upon another syllable, after the derivative is formed, the final consonant is not doubled -- refer- reference, prefer-preference.

arguing, fatigue-fatiguing.

(cl Words ending e retain the e on taking a suffix begirming with a ‘:— heave-movement, hoarse-hoarsen .

(d) Words ending in“? or ce re- tain the e on adding lo, ably or nus. Change-changeable, outrage- outrageous.

2. For cioublng the final con-

sonant: .

(a) Words of one syllable (and words of more than one syllable {and words of more than one syllable if accented on the last syl- table), ending in e. single conson-

(c) When ‘preceded by two vow- els, the fin consonant is not doubled-toil-tciling. keep-keeper.

8. For final "y":

l?! fore a inning th i: on taking a suffix beginning with any other letter. y is in most cases changed to i. Cry-crying, lazy- lazinns.

(b) Words ending in y preced- edmb: "a vowel, retain su . -bu!ing. .

Note: e trouble with all es for yelling“; the number of

ex- ceptions w may be found for e.

mt preceded by a single voweLevery rul

In the early years of the reign sf Queen Victoria there was not so much s. nish of new inventions as a perfecting and fuller utilisa- tion of those already made. There was greater use of steam as many railways and pl were built and telegraphic and cable . communication was great ex- vtended. As the reign var-iced there were, however. many new and important inventions in every field of industry. communication. A. science, and medicine. A few d s the most important were the oil-

ANSWERS r0 LAST was.‘

l. True; 2. True; l. Pulse; 1r ‘True; s. False. . ; - ‘True; 9 Pulse; l0, True. Tell w ether the following statements are True or raise:

l. The ancient Phomicians vo -

B tein. f. e

INVENTIONS IN VICTORINS REIGN

burning engines and the uee of electric ty and their application in

erous ways in factories, in locomotion, and for domestic pur- poses. The telephone and the tele- gradph facilitated communication an the camera served for pur- eaeure. an )1 bothOnly list the new factory and scientific uevicee but every country lsd is familiar with the se -binding reaper. The progress made dur- ing the Vllictorisnhahge has mshde the present e mac e age. t e agv of gasoline and electricity.

1P8 HISTORY EXERCISE

moat was the prin food. ‘l. Vesca do Came sell from Spain to India. l. Spain and Portugal were slow to take advantage of the new trade routes. 9. The great overseas Empires of spain and Portugal were built up on sea- trade. l0. They successfully col- onised the countries they con

"r5153"... find the n h

3Q c dred. when sold by the topnff Muril- tiply the price in dollars per ton by 5, and the result will be the briee fa cents per himdred.

911W in bot

's "T: %ll1iar:i“ M. 311W!» Q1101" himself

bo- esie. have each a coal field, that

ore cottons. woollens.

Iill the blanks in the log sentences with the words or groups of words:

i. William and Mar-y were ac- cepted willingly by the -—; b there ‘ere risings‘ n favour of'—

-— an -—. I. In lcotland the leader of the was —. who defeated army at -—, but was ———. His follower! —-. S. In Ireland —— led the Jacob- ites, who were reinforced by ——. They besieged ——- without suc- cess; were defeated by William's army —— and ——, and after a close siege were forced to sur- render at i. 4. William's rel disgraced h in -— were

follow- correct

B Eirnhlghs

During this reign England was at war with --- and the En - lish fleet distinguished itself n the great naval victory of the year ———. This war was end- ed by the ‘Treaty of -- in which the French King promised ——.

d. At William's death he was succeeded by — who was ~—-. This was provided for by ———- nassed during the reign of —. The Act also provided that in case --— died without children the English crown should pass to -—— who were ---.

'l William III was

(The Colorado

Some of the adult beetles or pupal winter beneath the surface of the soil. burrowing down a foot or more to escape freezing. As soon as the potato plants appear above ground the mother beetle comes out and lays her eggs upon the under sides of the leaves. These orange yellow eggs are usu- ally l d in clusters. In about a week there hatches from the eggs little yellow or orange hump- backed larvae. which begin at once to feed upon the leaves. These larvae grow as do other in- sects, by shedding their skins. They do this four times, and dur- ing the last stages are very con- spicuous insects on the green leaves: they are orange or yellow with black dots along the sides. and so hump-backed are they that they seem to be "gathered with a puckering string” along the lower side. It required from six- teen days to three weeks for a larvae to complete its growth. It then descends into the earth and forms a little cell in which it changes to s. pupa. It remains in this condition for one or two weeksfaccording to the tempera- ture. and then the full-fledged beetle appears. The entire life cycle from egg to adult beetle may be passed in about a month, al- though if the weather is cold, this period will be longer. These beetles not only dam e the potato" crop by stopping t egrowth, through destroying the leaves, but they also cause the potatos to be of inferior quality. The body has three reg- ions: a head which is bri ht orange; the compound eyes, wh ch are black; and three simple eyes on the top of the head. which are difficult to see without a lens. The

Tarlso. Town, Luson Island 6| airline miles north of Manllla:

Warsaw. Cap. Poland, on River Vistula; railway centre; iron and lifll Works; manufactures boots and shoes, hosiery, wooden wares, sugar, tobecctr agricultural mar- ket: wool and hop fairs; cathedral. university. Population about l, 000.000. It has been captured by the Russians.

Silesia (l) Prov. Czechoslovakia. between Moravia and Prussian 51198113 his Sudetic Mts. in N., spurs of the Carpathians in 3., drained by upper waters of Rivers Oder and Vistuls; in N.W. sheep are reared. and forestry and dairy farming are important; , ., poultry, cereals, and fruit are pro- duced; has valuable coal field. Area. .708 sq. rn.; population- 720,000. (2) Prov. 5.3. Prussia, div- ided into Upper and Lower Sil- esia; hilly in 5.. where Sudetic Mts. reach extreme height of 5,- 260 feet; elsewhere surface is flat; drained by R. Oder: large area forested; Upper and Lower an.

in l! er being la er and more value le; produces s o zinc. iron. silver-lead, arsenic; agriculture is carried on, and sugar-beet, cer- eals fruits, and oil plants sro cultivated; manufactures linens sine. and ron

goods. r. Chief town. Bass . Ares. sq. m.; populaviilot

l. What is the meaning of the str e title? Ans, A Greek word

"The Clay d the Pct- ter". ea, vases. dpottery of vari- oue kinds, are ms e from the t- ter‘s clay and shaped by being aid ainst s. revolving wheel.

sad? Ans. To the wheel on which the pottery was fashioned.

(c) W’ho Al‘; su pom“ be Illeeking . e .

I. What was there in the work he was dohi which made him think that "al things must char to something new"? Ans. As wheel ‘turned constantly changi

in it till

the vars‘ or other vessels from e thoight of the chan es which s ‘mum it'll; m ' . ‘ ng a can pause or stay." try to think of something wh ch does not change with time -csn you? Ans. All terial things ch e with time.

4. Name he changes which he mentions es coming with time.

to full and a sin to the clouds and m t become rain and are changed again to cloud and mist: the to-morrows as they come change into today: the buds no. come leaves; the eaves decay; the

HEW;

(b) To what is the'poem addres- m

do‘. u the shape of the clay and no“?! d ' he will: '

Ans. The moon changes from new As

ousanm;

THE an

IRS SEEKING

BRITISH iusroav ‘(The Stewart)

31'1- tbetfig‘ d Jand daughter of ———.

s. Anne was reatly influenced by a fafvourite friend, -—, who was the wife

l0. The leader of the English armies and of the allied forum was ———. The chief victories to the Allied cause were i, --, ——. ——. The war was closed by the r -—. urlng war the Bri ish Navy captured the fortress of .

1i. Anne's reign is known for the union of -- and —- under one parliament. By the terms of the union the —-— retained their own —— and their own ——; they were placed on an equal footing with England regarding-unm-

i2. A the close of the Stewart period in English history the chief

——-: the chief industry the towns in Eng nd were: —, —-, country was —, and its chief

manufacture ——.

l3. Thefirst postal service in fiigland was established in the reign of ———. People travelled lit-

succeededtle because ——.

NATURE

STUDY Potato-Beetle)

antennae are short. their joints easily noted, and special attention should be paid~to their use. for they are constantly movi to feel approaching objects. e two pairs of mouth piaifii may be seen. and the beetle l eagerly eat raw potatoes, so that the pupils may see that it has biting mouth- parts. The thoracic shield is

pairs of legs are short, which is a proof that these beetles do not migrate on foot. The claws and the pads beneath can be seen with the naked eye. Each wing- cover bears five yellow stripes, also five black ones, although the outside black st is rather nar- row. During flig t. the wing cov- ers are raised and held motion- less while the gauzy wings beneath are unfolded and do the work. One of the most remarkable things about Colorado potato-bottle is its history. It is one of the few in- sect pests which is native to Am- erica. _ It formerly fed upon sand- bur, a wild plant allied to the po- tato, which ‘grows in the region of Colorado, A zoria and Mexico, and was a well-behaved. harmless in- sect. With the advances of civil- ization westward, the potato came also. and proved to be an accept-

able plant to this insect: and her-ewe have an example of what an unlimited food supply

will do for the insect s ecies. A mother beetle has been nown to produce five hundred eggs. and here are two generations each year. The potato-beetle Ls not a very attractive insect, bu it has many terening peouliarzties. No other common insect so c early il- lustrates the advantage of warning colours.

NAMES OF PLACES THAT HAVE BEEN IN THE NEWS

about 4,512,000.

Breslau. on R. Oder; most im- portant educational and commer- cial centre in E. Germany; univ. machinery, railway carri- usl lash-union

ages; in cal ts, , beet sugar. Po ulatlon WI. . Oder. Itiv., ny: rises in sudetic Mts; flows N.W. thro h Germany and entere Baltic y

three arms; chi tribe, , Neime. Wsrthe; connected with Rivers Havel, ‘Spice, and Vistula

by canals,

lsu. Btettin.

m; navigable to Rat Vistuls, Riv" Polari

several branches. » Priech Hoff"

empty ,

. ing W" enters Baltic near Dennis: length, cs0 m: navi- gable to Crecow.

Cracow. Poland; intellectual and art. centre of Poland. Notable buildings include

crowned and buried; roys univ. (founded 1364); chief tries. ' ' y. chemicals, tobac- co. agricultural implements. Popu- lation 181.700. Bitche. town. Moselle. Rance. at N. base of Vosges, 40 m. rail W. of St ; citade I0 eet above town; s oee, watches: German terr. lMl-lbld. Pop.

Faeries. town. and spice. see. Emilie, Italy, 81m. 8.2. of Boi- ogns; furious for painted pottery: ures. 2

tured Dec. 17th, “DIN M "l! B!"

‘"5"?

KERAMOS (Literature)

new to full (was. glow from full to new (wane. sir-taller). .

d. Qiain, "The mist and olc will tum to rain.

wane‘. The moon changes from l ) and new

in rein: the wat- er of the rivers and lekse is evap- orated and rising es water-vapor forms into cloud and mbt. '1. flow will tomorrow be te- doyf Ans. The day which we call

tomorrow as it comes to us is wheel." Why oee “go '5!‘ the wheel? What h it/tliat he - h f It

‘Afro- ‘hi: tliinukgwhcw qhickly

he . lls is Zsuiflm the mafia time, use he does not wisli

to change and nae:

in the t change to away)?“

lbrplein "the moon wil wax sq‘

sway so rapi . mplsin. e noon be the afternoon, ay be ay.". time pence the present is ever changing to the pest: wlis was ay cares yseterdsyl.“ f0. ‘too "P ‘ 'soon". because he could keep the hstqminen end beauty of the reeen. . fl. What feeling does the poem give to you? Ans. A feeling of salted.

this!!!“

v

;..':...... Say:

one should ya- fie u u» “£- ~- quirnisnte - epic cause the Ooneuanar Section of the Aigrieultme De- psrtmena: Baltymr sauce . . . but lightly! A of salt brings out rntural flavor and