t

‘.

, support. life in the man or animal.

r' for the horse, given alone, as they contain too much nu-

ance ‘

A Foch—The substance taken into the stomach to The proper ‘supply fif'fotJd, audits quality. is one of the mast-important subjects that come under consideration. If it congain too much uutriment, it clogs and overloads the digestive organs, and is productive of a formidable class" of dis- eases; ifdelicient in untriment, the. muscles become soft and flabby, the strength fails, and if long continued, emaciation and death ensues. The food, then,to pro- duce its proper effect, must possess two conditions; one ' is,- tb’at of sufficient bulk to keepvthe stomach properly distended, without which its functions are impeded; and the other, that of sufficient nutritnent or substance that can be converted into ehyle, and appropriated to repair thewear and tear of the system. The best food for man or for animals, is that in which these conditions are best united. Trhiissome kinds of grain aregunl‘it

figment in proportion to their bulk, and are‘apt to ren- der 8 horse feverish and diseased. Wheat and barley or. not as good feed for a horse as oats, because, in the lotterrsthe proper proportion of nutriment and bulk 'is

nearest obtained; A smaller quantity of wheat or bapley, with sufficient cut straw or hay to make the equivalent ofbulk, would probably rcndeir one as good as the other. Indian corn alone has too much nutrimcnt in proportion

toils bulk for the horse; but fed with cut straw, it is one ofthe but, as thousands know by experience. Pure wheat flour is too much nutriment for the health ofmati ; and Experience shows that fine flour and fat meat are to man what adiet of wheat and sugar is to the horse. The bran of wheat, however, is deficient in nutriment, rind unfit for the purpose of subsistence. Plain com- mon food, in which the extremes ofbulk and nutrition are aroided, is doubtless the most conducive to health, god those that subsist upon such, are the best able to khan, orbcar severe exercise. Much of the value of food depends on the ease with which it can be digested grid applied to thepurposes nfiiutrition, and the experi- ment’iof Dr. Beaumont on the living stomach,furnish the best guide in this respect that can be fouliiil’f The

following table is copied from a long list of substances

,fixperiinented upon by him, giving the time required for lbd’tligestion ofthe substances named:

, firticle. ' , It. m. I .7rticlc. h. my. Boiled Rico. - - - 3:; l 0 Mutton, fresh - i- - - 3 1:) Sago, TspiocmBarltfy’und Veul - - - - - - - 4 '0

boiled, Milk - .- - 215 Wheat Brcnd,frcsh baked 3 3|! {Trips and Pi ‘5 Feet - l 0 Cum Broad — - - - - 3 .: "Fowls Best‘s, iver - - 2 30 Sponge Cake - - - - 2 .lg I Hard Eggs *5“ y - 9 - 3 30 Succutusli - - - - - 3 4;) Soft do. - - “pl - - - 3 0 Apple Dumpling - - - 3 (l biennium ‘ - - - - - 2 43 Apples, sour and mellow 2 0 Trotn, boiled or fried - I 30 do. syveet and do. - - 1 30 Other fresh Fish - - v 3 0 I’ursnips, boiled - - - 2 30 Beef, rare, roasted .- - 3 0 Potatoes, do. . - - - 2 30 Dr , roasted - o - - 330 do. 'roaayad - - - - 2 30 Salt Beefvvith Mustard 2 30 Raw Cabbage - - - - 2 30 Pickled Pork - - - - 4 30 Raw do. with vinegar - 2 0 Raw Pork - - - - - 3 0 Cabbage, boiled. - - - 4 30

If food is made fine when taken into the stomach. or cooked, the nutyitive power is much increased. This principle is of great importance in the fattening ofani- trials, and shows the benefit derived from cooking or even grinding the materials on which farmers feed their stock,

land especially their fattening animals.

, ' . u—v—v-

Manner A Goon SABBATH SCHOOL Trimaran—He is sure toibg in his place before the opening of the school, in‘i'ill weathers—whether it rain or shine, whe- ther it. beyold or hot. As he is nevei; gte himself, he can reeohlimeml to his lflloiars, both b: ‘pr cept and ex- ample, “the virtue loffi'rpnctuality. He kelp. his place during the whole time of school, and never engages in any conversation with his class or others, but such as is connected with his duties as a teacher. He is also at:- quainted with the lesson, and is ready to answer any 'qriest‘toti that may be proposed by the smartest scholar in his class. He will not allow himself the mortification oflrnowing less than those whom he has undertaken to teach. He does not confine himselfto the questions in the book, but intersperses with the lessons such as are suggested by'the subject in hand. These are generally practical, and are designed to make the scholars think for themselves. He is familiar with the books in the library, and knows which are the most suitable for his class; and when they return them, examines tlietn in reference to their contents. If any scholar is absent, he visits him at home in order to ascertain the cause of his absence. He sympathises with those that are afllic- ted. and supplies the wants ofsuch as are in necessity. He is especially anxious for the salvation ofhis scholars, and does pot think his work done when he has heard them recite their lessons. He gives much good advice, points out the'temptations they Will have to meet with, and endeavours to guard them against them. He is kind, afl'ectionate and cheerful, and has acquired a per- fpd'ect control over the hearts of his scholars. They can- 'Hnot fail to love him, and there is but little drum of his being instrumental in their conversion. Such are some of the traits of a good teacher: when any of them are wanting, the effect will be evident in the minds and manners of the scholars—Phil. ‘ R01).

It is amazing how soon a child may become a real comfort to its mother, and how soon even young minds will form habits ofalfection towards those who treat them like reasonable beings, capable of seeing the right and the wrong ofthemselves. A very little girl may be made to understand that there are some things which are plea~ aunt and amusing, which are still less worthy of atten- tion than others more disagreeable and painful. Chil- dreggare, in general, fund oflittle ornaments of dress, espécial‘ly femalfi; and though we may allow them to be elevated with their trifling splendours, yet we should not forget to remind them, that, although people may admire their dress, yet they will admire them much more for their good sense, sweetness of temper, and ge-

,iy ofdisposition. Children are very quick-sighted

’ rn whether you approve of thetn, and they are u "roud of your approbation when they think you be- etow it; we should therefore be careful how we praise them, and for wltat. If we praise their dress it should be slightly, and as ifit were a matter of very small iml penance; but we should never let any mark of conside- ration, or goodness .ofheart, in a child, pass by, without some token of approbation. fitill we must never praise a child too much, nor too warmly, for that would beget unity: and when praise is moderately yet judiciously towed, a child values it more, because it feels that it at. I don’t like punishments. You .will never

. “mule a Ghlld lnlO duly; but a sensible child Wlll dread

the frown ofa judicious mother more than all the rods,

_ alttt'ltj rooms. and scolding school mistresses in the 'uni-

#8138- We Should teach our children to make friends

1‘. of us, to communidate all their thoughts to us; and

‘ while their innocpnt prattle will amuse us, we Shall find many opportunitigs of teaching them important. truths, almost without kuowmg lt.—Hcltry Kirke White.

4‘

'me Engush Papers route 4th December.

Tris. “our one}.th rnoxorions.

The long deferred hopes of many veterans of the Army and Navy have jug; been realized by‘their promotionfin OQP‘ sequence ofithe "birth of the bbir-appuren; to the Crown. Though it isattended with some expense‘toi‘ the country, the com is comparatively little. _ 7 I

/ The Army Brevet on this occasion calls for no special remark: seniority with unimpeachable conduct seem ‘0 have be the qualifications. '

lar promotion afforded the admiralty immense patro- nage, for the exercise of which they were mesponsible, ex- cept to public opinion ; and we therefore looked with some curiosity to the manner in which it would be used. Allel' a careful examination of the names of the persons selected, we are impressed with the conviction that strict justice has been observed on this occasion. '

All the ndmirals except seven," and except those who had already gained the highest. rank, have obtained one step i 40 Captains, all of whom had held their rank thirty/four 01‘ thirtyjive years, have become Flag-Officers. These promo- tions were, however, consistent with ordinary poles, and af- forded little or no opportunity for the indulgence of favour- itism ; the test was to be found in the lower-rinks.

Of the 50 Commanders promoted to be Captains, the se- nior had held his rank thirty-three, the greater number up- wards offlfieen, and the junior eight years.

Ofthc 80 Lieutenants made Commandeis, the Senior had licenforty-one, each of the first 10 more than twenty-65g”, 0f the next above twenty, and of the next 20 li'Oirififlecn to eigh- teen ycars a Lieutenant, while the junior Lieutenant promo- ted had held that rank seven years. .

Ofthc 80 Mates who had become Lieutenatits, the senior was of lwen y-si'x, the greater part of them above eight, an the junior ot'sfr years. -

So cctiiplctelydoes aristoorntic influence appear to have been disregarded, or any other consideration than for long and good services to have prevailed, that the very next offi- cer on the list ofComiiuii'idcrs to the one promoted, is a bro- ther oftlie Duke ofSt. Albnn’s; but his commission bore date in the ensuing year to that which was fixed upon as the latest to which the promotion should extend. A similar fact occurred with respect to the Mates ; n 510% of the Duke 0fNeWCflSllC, and another brother of the DukeofSt. Alban’s became Mates in 1838 ; they have not been included in this promotion—the junior Mates promoted having bediiappoiiit- ed to the rank in December, 1835. '

Iii a trifling matter, regard has been shown to ' cssiou- nl feelings which is worthy of notice, from provin¥at very close attention has been paid to the interests oft 'e service. The title of“ Esquire” has always been attributed to Cap- tains in the Army in their commissions, and in all public instruments, while it has hitherto been withheld from their equals in comparative rank, the Lieiiteiiaiits in the Navy : in the late Gazette the 'title has been publicly attributed to Navy Lieutenants, and will probably liencetbrwnrd bc inscr- ted in their commissions—Colonial Gazette.

* The seven Admirals not advanced Were the seven junior Rear-Admirals of the \Vliite; who remain with their former

rank, because it was not thought desirable to have more than 20 Vice-Admirals of the Blue, or 38 Rear-Admirals of the Red—— enough of» each class, we admit: but ifthe three classes ofVicn- Admirals had been made 20, and the Roar-Admirals nftlie Red 38, (the latter addition involving no increase or pays) the exception,

though of norcal importance, appearing somewhat invidious, would have been avoided.

THE ARTILLERY Fonse.~—Thcre is much talk in the mi- litary circles ol'nn increase to the royal regiment ofai‘tillot‘y. Two additional battalions will, we age told, he raised, nflei' which the constitution of the “Gale force’will be i'e-modcl- led, so far, at least, as that canlbe said to be done by getting rid of certain iinnieaning distinctions which at iresent keep its important posts in a state oFdeveraiice. ' ample, we are no longer to have afoot as distinguished from a horse artillery. The whole corps is to be rendered capable ol‘uctiiig with cavalry in the field, by which means exactly the force required to man the guns in fortified places will be secured ; ours will be a horse “anew throughout. \Ve confess that, as Civilian, we heartily ap- prove of the device, and soldiers, we know, to a man, speak well of iL—John Bull.

AMERICAN MiNiSTEn.—Mr. Edward Everett, Envoy Ex- traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary tn the » British Court from the United States, arrived in London on Thurs- day evening.

Mr. Kennedy, the editor of the Hull fldvrrtt's'r, is going out, we understand, in the employment of Government, to Texas; and will most probably ultimately buys the appoint- ment which the \Vliig Radicals bestowed on Captain Elliot, of Consul in that country.

ENQUIRY.—VV8 learn that Sir Robert Peel has sent Agents to the Continent for the purpose ofcollecting detailed in- formation rclative to the average rates of wages, the prices of food, and other circumstances bearing on’tbe condition of the humbler classes. Judging from the characters of the gentlemen to whom this mission has been iiitriisted, there would appear to be every disposition on the part ofthe right honourable Baronet to obtain accurate and unbiasscd infor- mation—Morning Chronicle, .N'ov. 29.

Srnxmsnips.—Therc are now four steamsblps of great magnitude and power fitting out in the East India Dock, and nearly ready for sea. These vessels, of1.400 tons burden, were built at Pitcher’s Yard, Nortlifleet. They will shortly join other steamers built in Scotland and Liverpool for the Royal West India Mail Steam-packet Company. The whole fleet, twelve in number, is expected to assemble in the Southampton river before the end ofthe year.

LETTERS BY THE S'rrzxzvirzns.——The British and North American Royal Mail Steamer. the Acadia. Captain Ryrie, sailed on Friday for Halifhx and Boston. She carried out a fair. number of passengers. The Post-office authorities havmg reason to suspect, from the mass ofletters put into the post offices of Halifax and Boston, but particiilarlyin the office of the latter, after the mail bags hatL been received, that they must have been so put in by passengers arrived at these ports by the mail steamers, a rigid search was made prior to the Acadia starting, for contraband letters. The re- sult was, the finding and seizure of about sixty letters, be- sides a bag containing letters in possession of a passenger, which were taken‘fothe Post-office; Proceedings will, it is thought, be instituted by the Post-office against the senders and carriers ol'the contraband letters for. the penalties there— by incurred.—Liverpool flluion.

On the 18th Nov. at eight, :1. m., Captain Stokes, of the Mary and June, of Cork, bound to Dublin from Oporto, dis- povered, in latitude 49, longitude 9 40, open boat contain— ing several persons in distress. CaptafiSmkes put his ves- sel to and took the sufferers on board; who turned out to be the master. Captain Hill, and ten of, the crew ofthe briv Renown, of Perth. They had been on their voyave frorii Liverpool to Ancona, with a cargo of bale goods:3 worth about £12,000. When under a strong breeze and heavy squalls, about fotir, a. m., on the 18th, the Renown fell foiil ofn vessel, name unknown, supposed to be about three hun- dred tons burden. On going below to ascertain the extent of damage, Captain Hill' discovered that the Renown was filling up and sinking; he had barely time to get out the long boat and put the crew into her, when the Renown went down head-foremost. Aligbt was Just then percoptible by the people in the boat, but it suddenly disappeared: it was supposed to belong to the stranger ; which there is too much reason to believe, sunk nearly at tho seine time as the Renown. Captain Hill and his boat’s crew were passed by a vessel which afforded them no relief, although si rials were made to her. It is but due to Captain Stokes to gm, that his humanity and attention towards the sufferers could not be exceeded in a small vessel and with a short comple_ merit of water. He hesitated not to afl'ord for four (1,, 5 full share of the comforts of his ship ; and,with his chyaia a has happily reached Kingstown in as _ In acting mg: humanely, Captain Stokes was not ced by any inter ested feeling, as there is no fund 0 ' ' n “aniline f0; theremuneratlon of such praiseworthioon‘duct on ‘the part

\ofhasters of vessels—Dublin Evening 3PM ,

?“

“W waters;

,r cit-n

O

A number of benevolent individuals “whoring: visited the Alps, haveflforwaiged Ergoxwpo depope the - for the use of the monks of St. ern , by Whic I

selves to the rescue of travellersfrom the tailing] covered. the mountains around the Hopipice Veg-pups: Wm yr we the ' be ho ed this sctenti 0 3n . _ j . iiieltsmtsoof che‘tiking the progress of tliahiapgegpégiogpirgyf ' c su , _ to. which the monks are sci/11qu ’ . ‘ i H ill-lain the severity of the climate in which they live. ) b I,Eiinenu'rron —LTlie following data Will shotyvippe'nuflégr ' ' .- ' Kingdom Wit , etr.‘ - mi rants from the United ' , ' a } Ill].tl:n,%lll‘lllg the year 1840, derived from official sources

0 ‘the North American colonies, - l 2 , To the United States, ‘- - 38,2193: I. To the \Vcst Indies, - IL- 1,513 To the Cape of Good Hope, f 7811,. To Sydney, - - ‘ - ,281 To Van Diemnn’s .Land, - - 33 To Western Australia, . - 301' To Port Philip, _ - - - ‘3, fig To South Australia, - p , . To New Zealan‘d, - ~ - 1, I Total, - . . / - 33,746

M.

Ty.

_._._._____.s_.———=

".w YORK Dec. 31,—ARRIVAL or SIR CHARLES Bacon, Hf; Il‘lx‘cellencly Sir Charles Bagot, the new'Governor Grano- ral of the Province of Canada, arrived at this port yestei. qy, in H. Ball‘s. Illustrious, of seventy four guns, undei t he commandofiGaptaiu Erskine. She left Falmouth, Englap)“ , on'tliefifith Immediately after she was antipuiiced Se- lowfaisteamei‘ was despatched to her, tp bring up it Charlesifund'suitc, for whom rooms have been taken at Blan- card‘s‘ Globhi'lvlotel, in Broadway. But the steamer return- ed without His Excellency, who does not intend to land till to-day. The Illustrious i‘snt anchor at Quarantiuemnd Will there remain for a few days. She fired a salute.

Sllf Charles will leave in a day or two for the seat of Go- vernment in Canada. I

Terrible Earthquake—The New York Courier says :—By a letter ii'om Central America, we learn that the whole town of Cartago, C. A., of about 30,000 inhabitants, was, With the exception of two houses, destroyed by an earthquake, about the middle of September last. it .

The following, says the Jamaica Despatch of the 25th Oct., is taken from the Commercial Hall:

“The Brig Rose, Briggen,. fi'orn this port, bound to the Mosquito Shore, having on board Mi'. Hunghton, the Gpvei‘- nor of that place, and his brother, (See) With thirtyfifive 1m- niigrants, was blown ofi'thnt coast, and all hands on board, with the exception of the Captain, died from starvation.

“ The Spanish schr. Dolore, with immigrantsfrom Tene— i-ifi'e, was seen ofi‘ Black River. bar at the same time, but has not been heard ofsiiice. It is supposed she met With the saute fate as the Rose.” - -v

HALIFAX, Jan. 5.—-'I‘he.lllayor.-His worship, Embodied in the Columbia for England on Monday. He Was ac- compunied to the Steamer by the City Council, and several other citizens. . '

Alderman Kenny acts as President of the Common Coun- oil in the absence of the Mayor. Mr. Kenny was number one, on the list of Aldermen, and has obtained the civic lio— nour,just mentioned, by a vote of the City Council. _

The 37th Regt.——This fine Regiment embarked on Tues- day morning. 'l‘ho excellent appearance and respectable conduct which marked the embarkation, formed a fitting close to the Regiinciit’s sojourn in Halifax, and one in ac- cordance with the character it had attained. The days are gone when an attendance of disreputable persons, and in-

stances§ppst§xicanom were supposed not out of course on suchlqfi cc ion. Temperance only was wanted to make gentlemen Of British Soldiers. _

A (56 ,ilimetitar Address from the Corporation authori- ties, to ujor Skel y, commanding the 37th, was presented on the 22d of December, and produced a reply full of the kindest expressions rospecting the City and citizens;

TE-MPERANCE.-4Thls good work makes steady progress ; 50 additional names Were added to the list of St. Mary’s last Sunday. \Vliatever mistakes advocates of Temperance may sometimes make, they have proved themselves, in the main, good li‘iends to society, and should meet with sym- pathy and encouragement accordingly. A person can scarcely walk through the streets without seeing individuals steady, useful, well clothed, and in their right minds, who, a short time since, were possessed with the devil of strong drink, and grovelled in depths ofdcbasement like those who divelt among the tombs. This is a great triumph, one creditable to all concerned, one in which all may rejoice, yet it is only a part of what has been accomplished by the hallowed co-operation in the cause. Many who never of- fended public decencyiii their rippling, have accomplished much for themselves by an abstinent course, and others who had no object but the good of their fclIOiVS, have felt that exaltation of character Which is inseparable from the practice of benevolence and public virtue.