P A‘! $15 FUU R

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded In 1887» Authorized as Second Class Mall. Post Office Department, Ottawa.

President. Ian A. Burnett; Vice-President. Win. It. Burnett; bevy-Tropic, G. M. Burnett: Editor and Managing Director, .l. R. Burnett; Auoolate Editor. Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than flie Weakest lnk."

CIIARLOTTETOWN, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 3.

Juiiar Iteil Iiross Week

Prince Edward Island is well to the fore in Juniér Red Cross work, and it is therefore of interest to note that a record total of 900,000 incmbers is the objective of Junior Red Cross Enrolment Week, October 5- l0, as young Can- adians in school rooms across the Dominion pledge "to keep the rules of health and to help others who need help." -

After school hours in 29,158 classroom! brcnches, Canadian Juniors plan and organize their own Red Cross activities under a unified five-point programme including: the promotion of health; relief of child victims of war; enter- tainment and comfort of veterans in hospital; crippled chil8rcn's work in Canada; international exchange of correspondence. Members take their cause seriously, which is one of the reas- 0:15 why membership is renewable each year.

For many in the primary grades who have only recently learned to write, their names on the Junior Rcd Cross register will be their first official signatures. To older children and high school students, Enrolment Week is a familiar annual event. lt is their opportunity to join oncw the world-wide youth organization of 32,- 000,000 members which works for health, good citizenship and international understanding.

Paying For It llow

Who is to blame for the new wave of high prices? Housewives‘ leagues are blaming the Dominion Government for releasing wartime price controls. City dwellers are blaming farm- ers. Consumers are blaming retailers and wholesalers for charging "all the traffic will bcur." Business men are blaming labor unions for relentless demands. Labor is blaming busi- iiess" for seeking exorbitant profits.

In Canada much of today's disorganization can be set down to delayed payments for the costly World War ll. lt is now apparent, as the Globe and Mail points out, that in their anxiety to win public favor for price control during the war, the Government oversold the measure. They stressed the necessity and the immediate ad- vantages of price control without making it clear how the control was being achieved and that a time of adjustment would have to come.

ln the case of many commodities, price was controlled by subsidies subsidizing either pro- ducers or distributors. This simply meant that prices went up but the government paidipart of it in the form of subsidies in order that con- sumcrs could continue to buy at the old level.

At the some time, while prices remained relatively stable, costs were increasing every- where. Virtually every one earned more money as the war went on, either through higher wages or through the cost-of-living bonuses that were later incorporated in the basic wage scale.

As a result, the whole Canadian price struc- ture was thrown out of gear. Prices, pegged at a calculated wartime base, no longer bore their proper relationship to production costs, but were held down artificially. Once free of restraint, the; were bound to soar unless lower wages or higher productivity altered the cost pattern. Un- fortunately, we have gone forward without not- iceable increase in productivity to offset the up- ward trcnzL

o

__ fruit; GUARDIAN. IJHARLOTTETOWN

- EDITORIAL NOTES -

Mr. Winston Churchill is to receive the freedom of Brighton, today.

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Practically 5,000,000 bushels of grain were shipped from Port Churchill this season, a record for the l5 years of its existence.

According to the Federal Bureau of Statis- tics, our population remains stationary, being tabulated at 94,000, the same osot the corre- sponding date in the previous year.

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Saskatchewan's C. C. F. Government is con- sidering going into the meat processing industry. They must be learning socialism from our Lib- erol regime.

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Our farmers are getting it both coming and going-the Packers cannot accept their hogs, and at the same time announce a reduction in the

-price of pork. Where is it goingito end, and

when? i * i‘ i’

Australia's most recent stamp issue hon- ours the discoverer of the site of Newcastle, New South Wales. By some error, however, the por- rrait is not that of Licut. John Shortland, lLN., the discoverer, but his father.

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The increase in the price of wheat for over- seas may benefit the Prairies, but, does not put any money in the pockets of Maritime farmers, whose output is in the finished product. On the other hand the increase already taken place in the price of feeds will severely handicap us in the production of livestock.

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Britons may now trade among themselvesin overseas securities, switching from one security to another in the same currency. An exception to this is Canadian securities the proceeds of which, when sold, Canada insists, must be ap- plied against Canada's wartime loans to Brit-

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I I‘ The Canadian Legion is holding a poppy poster competition with, a prize of $25 for the winner in each province, and an additional prize of $50 for the best poster in Canada. The con- test is open to all high school students, and drawings must in some way symbolize the story of the poppy. The contest closes Oct. 25.

owner

Today Mr. l. R. MacNicol, the peregrinot- ing M. P. who believes in having first hand know- ledge of the Dominion of which he is one of the parliamentary representatives, is to be the guest of the Board of Trade, both to learn and to ad- vise. The pity is there are not more Mr. Mac- Nicols in our legislative chambers at Ottawa who know whereof they speak and speak of what they have actually seen in various parts of the coun-

try. W I i i

William Morris, English poet, artist and Socialist, died this date i896,‘ associated in Art with Borne-Jones, Ford Madox Brown, Rossetti; he excels as a writer of narrative poetry; his line have swiftness and vigour, and there is the charm of medaevalism of spirit in them; The Earthly Paradise is considersd his best poetical work. ln prose his works include The Story of Greffir the Strong, The Volsunga Saga, The House of the Wolfings:

Then, when the world is born again And the swcet year before thee lics Shall thy heart think of coming pain, Or vex itself with memories? .

"Fellowship is heaven, and lack of fellow- ship is hell, fellowship is lile and lack of fel- lowship is dooth; and the deeds that yc do upon the earth, it is lor fellowship's sake that yc do them."

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Immigration lieport

A special committee of the Montreal Board of Trade, engaged in a study of immigration to Canada, has just brought in a report in which it recommends large-scale immigration on a sel- active plan, developed by a minister and de- partment of immigration whose responsibility would be the attraction of suitable immigrants to this country. The reasons cited by the com- mittee fcr reachirg these conclusions are care- fully statcd in its report.

The productive capacity of Canada, it says, is limited by the size of its population; and upcn productive capacity depznds our export trade and development of our natural resources. Our present population of 12,000,000 is greatly out If proportion to Canada's physical size, poten- tial rcscurces, and possibilities for development of industries. inadequacy of Canadian labor is resulting in capital seeking investment in Canada going begging, for development is seri- ously hampered by lack of labor power.

At the some time, large numbers of suit- able immigrants from Britain and Europe are seeking adrnisiicn to Canada. Only a trickle is being admitted, the report says, while Aus- tralia, South Africa, and South American coun- tries are rapidly expanding their immigration efforts.

For these reasons, therefore, the committee recommends expansion of Canada'i immigration policy on a selective basis. This would mean greater production for both domestic and for- eign markets, increased home markets, reduction

The Church of England, it seems, is not to be recognized as a sort of Santa Claus, pour- ing out Divine gifts to all and sundry who peti- tion for them through her agency. The Arcli- bishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, has criticized requests for special prayers through- out the Church on special Sundays. He told the British Council of Churches: "lt really docs b:- come ridiculous. I always wonder precisely what, lies behind some of these suggestions, especiallyl those from across the Atlantic; whether it is n‘ kind of suggestion really that if everybody says the same prayer at the same moment, it is more effective than tho continuous prayer. l do get the impression from the way scme people speak; that they think it works better-in relation to the‘ Deity if it ll all done at a given moment." He did not explain his reference to requests from "across the Atlantic", but it is generally under- stood to have reference to setting aside special Sundays for one thing or anotherjo be observed in all the Churches, not infrequently for outside propaganda organizations, or for commercial interests.

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Sir W. Beach Thcmas writing in The Spec- tator has this to say: "This thirst for water has astonished rn-e, being no poultry expert, among the pallets. They drink repeatedly and with gusto, and will empty their small bowls sev- eral times a day. Some of the intensive keep- ers, I am told, lure them to drink by illuminat-

ing the water-bowls; and it appears to be as true of poultry as of milch cows that the more

Ilotes By The Way

The gloating patience with which the Kremlin speaks of the "coming depression 1n America" rat-tier sug- gests chat. the Comrades l-here are terribly afraid free enterprise may escape the doom they predict for It. A grave responsibility rests upon Government tn North Amer- ica to exert Itself‘ and display the IOmpClEIICC that. will defeat. the Krenillirs dire forecrisbs objective. —Hami1tou Spectator.

A story la told in Mllmelotn that an editor of o. paper had to be carried home on a stretcher as the result of having received a kind nord because of something he had printed. The shock seemingly un- nerved him. Just as he reached his home, someone gave him e. tongue lashing about. another Item he had printed. The editor got up and went brick to work. - Direct Mall Reporter.

The backyard gardener who kept. at 111s hobby this year ls having clie last laugh on his neighbors who gave up the idea. Hits thrift. garden has been yielding good harvests, cutting down his food bill during a time of high prices. Now the canning season 1s at hand and the thrift. gardener can stock up generously for the winter. The backyard garden 1s here to stay. I1 is a good investment at any time. —- Kitchener Record.

Despite restrictions on Alaska HlgllWAy travel the movement. over 1.1115 road ls on the Increase. In four months, 1,817 cars carrying 4.896 persons made the trip over the highway from Edmonton, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police announced. It. 1s estimated than 5,000 vehicles and 19.000 persons will travel northward during I947. almost. double the number which made the trip last. year, which in trim, was 30 per cent. over 1945. In August, 25 cars of United States tourists were turned back because tney could not. obtain travel per- mits. In July, 60 tourist cars were turned back. Numerous big game hunters who have arranged for services fomguldes living along the road have been granted per- mits. - Fredericton Gleaner.

The Dominion Fisheries Depart.- mcnt. has taken export. restrictions off Canadian pink salmon. as there are now "adequate" stocks for home consumption. This Is not surprising, for the Canadian house- wife is prone to turn up her nose

at plnk OI‘ white salmon when tlie red variety 1s obtainable. In this, particularly with prices at

their present level, sihe makes a great mistake. Pink and white sel- mon are merely color variations, clue to feeding conditions of the Pacific Tyee or Spring salmon, most delicate and nourishing of the species. Fishermen know the pink is superior to the red variety for flavoi_'_ texture and richness, and Lhe ivhite superior to the pink. But. ilie average housewife hypnotized by a color fixation, will pay for the red salmon twice as much as she 1s Wllllllg to pay for pink, afd tlirec times as much as for white. That 1s a lot of money for a little color. _ Windsor Star.

Even mortgaged. there's no place like Ironic. Judging from the stat- istics, that. ls about. the way the American people feel. Today their liomcs are carrying a 524.600.000.000 mortgage debt—tlie largest 1n hls- Lsigv. The sum is 15 per cent. grem- cr" than Llie previous peak 1n 1930. rlic average size of the non-farm niorqrugcs of $20,000 and under, has risen steadily from $2,722 in 1939 to $4,204 in 1946. So far as nome mortgages are concerned, s1- rnon Lcgrce 1s as out of date as is, lhn model T. Ford. But. despite this, Llicic is some sound advice for prospective home owners in "Money Mailers," published by "one Institute of Life Insurance. 1. Don't. invest. more than three Limes your total annual income lflfléfl‘ lax reductions). 2. Make as i115; a down payment. as you can and pay 01f the mortgages as last.

:- The Teaching ' Profession

(Royal Bank of Canada Monthly Letter)

I

Eighty npresentatlves of 31 asun- tries attended e conference at. Parts this summer to study means

of ecumtlon for international- lunderstondlng; thirty-five students from l4 countries gathered at a Connecticut resort to promote better international relations; hundreds of teachers are exchanging cless- worms between countfles. ,Taken together, these meetings and ex- changes eliould have a profound influence on title role that; educat- Ion Ls to play in the ivcrlcln

But just. what ls being clone about education 1n Conadan classrcoms? Are young people coming forward to be trainer‘; to flll the teaching gaps? Are teachers being pald what their services are worth? Afo they teaching uhe things Canadians want taught? Is the system for each province and the system with- In each classroom the best that can be devised?

The schools cif this country, judgng by reports, are 1n a serious plight. though it is not so bad as that In other countries. Many of them lack the number uncl- qolallty of teachers they shc-Illd have, other; have been forced to increase class SlZGS beyond lllé limit of 00d teaching and beyond the bounrs of healthful conditions.

If education problems have gotten 01111 01' hand. 1t Is not due to any once cause. but to the piifn up of many causes. BHC‘ the beginning was not recently. Education 1;; de- signed, ln its best. sense, to enable men to llve as good memrbors of their family. 0f’ their comJn/unlty, of their nation and of the whole human society. Education for all of these starts in the hcme, 1n titre kindergarten and’ 1n the Sunday school. Not one source has been unaffected by the economic, c-ul- Wfll. sociological and polltigal 1n- noivatlona and upheavals of tl e past 1'0"!’ years. Everyone vino ta es iin impartial view will say tihat the teaching- professlon has measured up at lest. as well as Others res- ponsflile for the training of youth.

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when Canada became a nation In 1M1 a COnSLituBlc-n was crown up reserving control ovcr education to the authority of the provinces. As e consequence, Usnada has seperato educational systems. (Quebec In effect lies two systems) o situation which makes 1t difficult for provinces to act together in the building of educational Ideals.

In spite of the generally-accept- ed ldea that clolldren In remote Villages or on farms are entitled to the some educational opportun- ity as children in cities. and that tilie economic depression o: a pm- vlnce should not. ceprlve children of the educational advantages en- joyed by thcee in more prosperous provinces, the realities just gun’: work out that way. Teachers are not attracted to country schools

when they realize that: a local crap fall-are may reduce their salary drastically. Province; which pgy the lowest rates are not getting the high quality teachers enjoyed by titie provinces whrh pay two or three fmes as muoh.

Rural schools present. a special problem. The children they serve are entitled to as mature, well trained and eioperlenced teachers as city children. On the other hand. the teachers are entitled to good living cqpdltlons, decent salaries, and the proper working surround- ings and equipment. Dr. s. R. Lflyfiwk. Dean orf the School of Education at. the University of Saskatchewan put trtie matter squarely up to the people whrn he said: “If the public wants uble

"Monty's" Ilat

(By Godfrey Talbot 1n London Collins) .

Five years ago. when we were fighting a more tangible enemy than an economic orlrle, namely‘ the German Africa Corps, there came out. to Egypt the General who was at once given the name which no still has, though he ls now e. Viscount. and Britain's first so1d1er—“M0nt.y." We were then building up the Alameln line.

Flve years later, It was sizzling hot 1n London, as we were walt- lng outside Australia Houso for the Field Marshal to arrive, not wearing, for once. that battle dress but a light gaberdine service dress uniform designed for ceremonial in the tropics, and he looked the coolest man 1n London. But It was nothing like so hot here 1n Lon- don as at that t1me.1n August, 1942 j 1n the sand, files, and the brassyq blistering sun of the western des-r ert.

General Montgomery. then just out from England, taking over the Eighth Army, was visiting the Ninth Australian Division —t.hose Iron-hard, strlpped-tn-tho-wulst Diggers. veterans who knew all about fighting Rommel, and were holding the vltal Mediterranean, coastal flank of our Common- wealth Army In the Middle East. O O O

Now, "Monty" felt. t-he heat very badly and-but. let hlm tell the story. as he told 1t on this occasion:

“Having just. come from this country I could not. stand the hot sun of the desert. and my first day there I was visiting the Ninth Division. I began to feel actually rather overcome by the sun on the back of my neck, so I asked Gen- eral Moreshead 1f he would give me one of his Australian nets to wear. Somebody was immediately

tiiiillitrs A AHEAD

And there's no time like the

present for seeing that your

coal bin is filled, ready for the first chill Ordai- don't wait. We are unloading cars of both Hard and Soft Coal. '

ll. Piokard & 0o PHONE 240 OO+FOOOOO

hoe?

day. now,

despatched to the quarter- ‘ ‘s store. and brought me a hat, and I wore 1t for the next few weeks.

"The next. clay I went down to the New Zeglond Division; they saw me 1n this Australian hat, and they sa1d_ ‘You should wear o New Zealand hat.‘ I sold: ‘No, I can't. do that, I must. wear this lust. but you can put your badge 1n 1t 1f you like.’ And so the New Zealimdors put their badge In this hat.

"Thereafter, everywhere I went 1n the Eighth Army, the unit used t.o pin their badges Into my hat. and 1t finally become so heavy 1t was rather difficult to wear. Then, 1n course of time, I got used to the sun and dld not have to wear the hat. and took to the beret."

At which point, the Field Mar- shal dangled the historic hat 1n liis hand; there 1t was. heavy and stiff with un1t., regimental badges --t.lie some old hat but. looking much cleaner than when I had seen hlm wearing It In the old desert days he was talking about -before he took to the black tank beret which you now associate with 111m, and which he was wear- lng on this occasion. In those days, I used to meet him going about the forward units wearing just this lIBF-fl slouch, Digger hat, and a plain old khaki shirt. and shorts.

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When "Monty" was out. 1n Can- berra, he told Australia's Prime Minister that he thought the pro- per place for the hat.- which be bad kept. —\vas 1n the Australian National War Memorial there. and on that. afternoon In London, he formally handed 1t over.

Field Marshal Montgomery said: "I must say myself I am sorry to part with 1t; I regard 1t; as quite an old friend, but I do believe that the right. plaice for this hat ls Australia, and so I now present It to your High Commissioner with great pleasure.“ "

So there It. was. ii. hat. for 111s- tory and a war memorial. The

Instead c~f mediocre o;- p013!‘ touch- ers 1t. wll have to provide better‘

l

as possible. 3. Don't buy a home Iii l

\\lil.'li Ilic total cost. of upkeep illfilllfllllg insurances, taxes, lieai- rrig. rcvnlrs and Interest. and moxi- j.I}§B]3.l}'.llCl1LS exceeds a quauier of your HSSLIYECl income. Mlii- iicapolis Star.

II. ivas many moons ago when Llic countryman first read Wcosters lzlens of a crab apple. ‘liic astute smolzir who wrote perennial best-seller by the effica- cious expedient of placing words in alphabetical sequence gives two definitions; A small wild sour ap- ple; an apple of ii cultivated va- riety having small acid fruit. Walks through pastures and woods have never discovered a. wild crab apple tree. but a man has pride in the miniature red fruits on the big-top- ped trees along the lower edge of the orchard. Early settlers with imagination gave names to the crabs: Algerlennq Cherry, Coral, Excelsior, Hohenhélmer, Red Sl- bertnii, Morengo, Paul Imperial, Plcla Straits, Quaker, Queen choice, soulard, ‘transcendent and Van Wyck. Generations ago. men who liked to wcf-c with fruits be- gan experlmentlng with and de- veloping the red nuggets. Pioneer! carried slender whips of the trees with them as they pushed west- ward along river volleys and over the plateaus. The use of the small apples? There's no question In ii