ren os

THE

THE DAILY EXAMINER.

MARCH IL, 1887 Let the People Judge.

. , ; } meth Tue Petriot ad ypts a lawye’ like method |

ol discussing s bad case. It abuses THE EXAMINER, . e ’ It utters not a word of apology for the

fulsome certificate of Mr. Donald Allan Me- Db n al \’s

by it to

ntly addressed character, inpertinentiy addressed

» people who know Mr McDonald

much better than any one connected with the Patriot knows him. It has nothing to say in answer to the question, why should the people of the Third District now de priv emselves of representation in the Executive Couneil ! lt furnishes no evidence that the Hon. Mr. Ferguson has

ne anything to forfeit the confidence of

the electors oft the Third District. it vlvances not one single reason why the electors of the Third District should now

ele t a supporter of the Opposition and an active and leading member of the

that THE

reject Giovernment But it maimtains EXAMINER has not acted in accordance with

the prin iple contained in the words ‘** Le

the people judge !

This contention, it will readily be seen, whatever to do with the ques- IsStit More the Pat:

refused a

has nothin

tions at over, 1t 1s not true.

VN e challe ive EXAMINER has ever

qgurescence 11 the

iot to prove that THE ready ac-

decisions of the people,

properly and legally expressed. Some of the decisions of the majority we have re , ?

irde 1 as wrong some of them as ridicul

3; but we have implicit confidence in the

* a : ? . r second th sught of the people, and

content to await the

|

Iways been ime when it could ce eXpresse lat the By of the

respect

the way, here is a spectmen

in which the grits hold the people. Breton

The Grit candidates in Cape were

cit feated, and the Crit organ there says

the devils,

madly to their own destruc- changed

the swine possess “ld ot

rushed

Thousands of years have little

‘ Like eiecuorTs

tion

the perversity of the multitude. lake an

, : , , . . | ] , exampie from a hitscory tamiliar to at leas some of the el ‘tors ot this « Look at

yuntry

; ; a nation Wrested by the miracu.ous power ol

garden benches, ete., and a full assortment of yvarden tools, which, on the whole, are fully worth the balance now due, even after | making a liberal reduction on the original cost

The following are statements, showing expenses and receipts in connection with ithe garden for the ‘last three years, sepa rately, viz

FIRST YEAR—-1854. Dr. Queen Square. Broken stone, soil, ashes, and black

earth, used in constructing walks, grass plots and flower beds......... $207 18 Posts and wire fence, stakes tor trees,

Tools, wheelbarrow, lawn mower,

shears, paint, nails, etc........... 106 37 Plants and trees, purchased here and

in Halifax, seeds, bone dust,

fertilizer, lime, etc...... 178 80

Labor in grading walks, making grass plots, ete., drains, sinking posts, and stretching wire fence, designing and caring of flower beds, keeping grass cut, edges and walks trimmed

and in order, including wages of ee > head gardener. ........-+++.seee% 169 32 Cost of Square .......++.: SS61 67 Glass House.

Carpenters, glaziers, masons and lum-

ber, on account....... $107 84 Hot water heating apparatus from

New York, freight, duty, cartage

and fitting up same. i aes ode ah 328 85 anbark, manure, ftlowerpots, on ac-

ON GR6 sods evince BEN ee 29 63 Coal, on account, $40, labor, $13.39.. 53 39

ae $ 519 71

Cost of Glass house

Cost of Square and Glass house. .S1381 38

ur.

Rece ipts on account, first year.

From gentlemen collectors, summer

BO Ca: Sica i ® CR oe te eke tee $453 80 From lady collectors, winter 1885 361 80 From first Strawberry Festival, 1884 144 06 From Boston Comedy Company benefit 15 78 Local Government Grant, received in

LS50 Sve bets a dl aie tains Gee a City Grant, received in 1885..... 100 OO

ie Bee See. ae adceo aes $106 24

SECOND YEAR, I885. Dr.

Y ueen Sq eh) é Stone, earth and ashes for Walks and

Grass Plots, and black soil for

Flower Beds...... ghee a. i $105 63 Posts andewive, planks for drains, &c. 42 17 Trees, plants, shrubs, fertilizer, lime,

mec... : i aera Dead . 106 71 Labor planting and boxing trees ;

boxes, painting, freight and cartage

ee he 127 2k

Wages of men employed during the summer, including $91.50 paid Head

(Jardener... 254 47

Jehovah from a galling slavery, and shouting the praises of a splendid deliverance on the shores ot the 7 ad | But how soon we Gad ‘the aie’ santana thie. ovelling in tl find the same muititude grovelling in the attitude of worship before the image of a calf » golden calf i boodle calf, such as wey, mourn to say the people of this province prize

pure and administration |

hy! tT. - \\ h hla ight ; ‘ public afiairs. hata@® piliabie sight IS a4

op of farmers and fishermen marching to the polls to mortgage their farms, their little d their children’s birthright to the s and wide mouthed demagogues of the upper provinces

; . away avout hard times and searcity of money,

lar above a honest

homes an manulacturet Goon, boys! growl

} 7

sure when eé

mut be lection day comes around | to act like a parcel of demented asses led around by the nose by men who turn their

backs and smile, and wonder at the easy gulli- bility of the public. Is it possible that we

are to suffer five years more of | national slaughter, public debauch- | ery and hopeless bank: uptey ? is | there no remedy ? W ill the ballot and the bribe forever rule this country? How long | will unblushing corruption be blessed at the! altar and defended in the forum ?” Less | righteous cause has drenched a land with | blood and darkened the air with the smoke of | burning villages. Heaven forbid that such a

should be ours. Glorious Canada !

aestiny

The land of national debt, class legislation | and glorified corruption A land where} brazen-throated politicians scream out their | stale old falsehoods and claim asa great vie- } tory the verdict of men who go to the polls | and swear upon the bible that they cannot read the name of a candidate printed in capi- tais. Such is this geeat Canada of ours to- day, where the codfish swallows the herring

and the great wheat prairies yield their wave offerings to the lords of misrule. Let us have repeal, annexation to Mexico, the Soudan or perdition, any form of tyranny, anarchy or Arcadi felicity 2

despotism will be with Canada under toryiem.”

We gs t thar EXAMINER to

task,

of

compared | before it takes THE the Patriot own Party

forthe judgment of the]

ibm should attend to those

ite ils

who ex- |

press aisrespect

people.

2 ss ' ss in the meantimethe Patriot might, ifitcan,

#ivance some reasons for advising the peo- ple of the Third District to vote Mr. Me- Donald in and the Hon. Donald Ferguson

yut.

@lueen Square Gardens.

ACCOUNTS FOR THE LAST THREE

YEARS. As will be by the following state- ments, the expenditure of the first year, | owing to the quantity of permanent work performed, was much greater than that of | either of the two following years; as, for | such items hot-water | heating apparatus for Glass house, and for grading and fencing, whigh will not occur again. The outlays of ‘the second and third years were less than that of the first by the surns of $505 and $766, respect- ively. The deficits of

seen

instance, as

the three years altogether

now amount to 8501.73; that of 1885, namely, $337.72, alone forms the greater

part of it, and was caused chiefly by the breaking out of the small pox, which inter- fered with the collections that year. Only $116 was collected, against $815 the pre- vious year. this shortage, the Strawberry Festival proved a failure, owing to wet weather, and the Government grant was also reduced by $50.

In 1886 (the third year) there were no collections made, the only sum received for that year being that realized from the sale Or Votes, yt

Besides

1 ha ee PF ak polled in aid of the Square, some ,,

we ek 3 hire property acquired for t>e aud now held in the ' undertaking, may be men-

} 1.4 i Lie t27iSs house

of the Square. interest I

: tioned

, heating apparatus

(whicn latter is of the best modern stvle wd as ¢ 1 as new), about 15 hot-bed . . . ; Bau mes and sashes, large stock of valuable

planta, supy ly of flower pots, three lawn a | } } mowers, wheelbarr aw, hand-cart, water-

cart end hove, ptwis and wire fenving, 12

Water cart, second lawn mower, hand

cart, tools, &e.... 35 30)

Blacksmiths’ accounts for repairs, X&c. ;

DAILY EXAMINER, - >

$1275 14)

—_ -

Notes on Parsing.

{Ar the meeting of the Educational As-

sociation held last October, a resolutio:

was passed, asking that a column be re- quested weekly in of the city papers for th

criticism of dificult points in English. Mr. T. A. Lepaye was asked to take charge of the same. duction to a weekly series, the paper read by Mr. LePage before the teachers on that All correspondence connected

We publish to-day, as an intro

oceasion. with this department to be addressed to Mr. LePage. |

Every one on examination finds that there are two tendencies at work in speech, analysis and synthesis. The one aims to build up sentences with as few words as possible, but then the words are massive ; being constructed in fact of several distinct parts, one of which contains the leading idea (which we call the root, ) the others which we call prefixes affixes—having the power to indicate the value of this root in the words that group themselves round it. This is the synthetic mode of speech ; it gives such words as assiduous, irresistible, congregation. The other mode, the analytic, is in its extreme form monosyllabic, and gives separate words not only for the root- ideas of speech, but for all the ideas of re- lation attached to these. It is true that there is no language entirely synthetic, the extreme form of which would give a sen- tence in one or two words. The Russian must be an approach to it, or it greatly belies appearances, Such a language would have no prepositions, no recognized con- junctions, but few signs of definite and in- definite ; all these would be brought out by apparently arbitrary changes in the pro- minent, necessary words. Latin is in great part such a language,much more so than Greek ; and French much more so than English. Yet both tendencies are ever at work, and it is quite impossible to say which tendency is the earlier. The need of pre- cision calls forth the analytic mode; the need of compactness, the synthetic. We 'do not know if the first men that spoke used only monosyllabie words —each of which had a distinct meaning of its own —and afterwards grouped them into larger words, having a more complex meaning ; or if they found themselves usi@@ the larger words, not knowing where they came from. What is the case now has probably been the case from the beginning: out of the stock of current words we are ever building com | pounds ; and then we wear these compounds | down till they are no longer recognizable as | such, and in time one here and there drops ifrom the rank of words which yielda imental picture to the rank of words parts of words that merely shade these mental pictures. The word assiduous, which is now and respectable, must,

or

or

sober

SU when it was first used, have meant, and sounded as odd as, the combination ‘* sit-at

, it.” He is an assiduous fellow, just meant | He is a **full-of-sit-at-it”’ fellow. The words

hare Weney Git: wii ek hiv cede cs 11 20; ; :

- | which we call roots, and which are so _pre-

OE Or Es $679 06 gnant with meaning, are for the most part Glass House and Hot Beds. j OF one syllable ; but whether these are ate senkilien gles utty 1 | original roots or have themselves a_histony ; beniacie, PP sa or : of a 20 60 | back of them which would resolve them into Hot-bed frames and sashes........... 24 40 | earlier compounds whittled down cannob-be Manure, tanbark, sand, lime, &c....... 17 @3 stated with certainty. Man, having the Seeds, $44.82; pots on account, oo... 7a capacity for speech, developed 3 how, We Coal on account, $31.89; labor, $28.75. 60.64 /' Cannot say. Having something to work on

Cost of Glass House, cot. c; -ooaae an Dee occ as as ee $876 17 Cy Rece ipts on account Second Year. * Second Strawberry Festival.......... $ 81 09

Gentlemen collectors who were pre-

vented completing their work owing

to the smallpox epidemic breaking

out after first day’s collection...... 118 00 Following sums received in 1886 on ac-

count of 1885: S. W. Crabbe, $10; J. S. Carvell, $5.. 15 00 Local Government, $150; City, $100.. 250 00 Members of Legislature and Govern-

ment officials.......... 41 00 City School Children, less cost of maps 25 36

$528 45

Rison Gee WO. cst s os .$347 72

THIRD YEAR—1S886.

Dr.

Queen's Squareyv Earth, ashes, cartage, &c., &c...... .$ 28 63 Trees, Wire, fertilizer, lime, &c...... - 2 Tools, blacksmith for repairs, hard-

were; Seth, G6... ies TR Wages of men......... te 8. Be c's «od ee ae Extra plants from Halifax and city,

ee ae kt ca cease on ie 37 32

C00t OF BOUGEG ... idik ca sth on u's $414 76

Glass House and Hot Beds. Balance due Poole & Lewis’ old account

Seat SNE EF ine bere ss $ 42 47 Repairs, painting, glazing, &c........ 14 90 Sand, tanbark, boxes, nails &c ...... 9 68 Pottery account $30.47, seeds $41.60. 72 07 Manure, earth and cartage......... 7 39

53 65

Cost of Glass house &c........... 200 16

Coal account $35.85, labor $17.80....

ere

[ees ; 3:

Receipts on account third year.

The only amount on account of this

year was the sum realized from votes sold Feb., 1887..... . 8567 15 Short on account 1886...........3 47 77

Add shortage of two previous years, MOOG cS gon ose such oh warns Cannas <s $347 72 Pm BOG 6s eo. beget othe ee ts os 106 24

Total shortage (which includes a num- ber of unpsid accounts)........ .. 9501 73

ARTHUR NEWBERY. Charlottetown, March 1], 1887.

THe morning dress. It is said that a lady’s standing in society can easily be determined by her dress at the breakfast table; an expensive, showy costume indicat- ing that the wearer has not yet learned the

_proprieties. But no one need be afraid of being called shoddy if her loveliness is as apparent by daylight as at the hops. Perfect beauty is never the attendant of disease; above all of those diseases peculiar to women, and which find a ready cure in Dr. Pierce’s favorite prescription. Price reduced to $1. saw

a Traffic on the Canadian Pacitic Railway was seriously interrupted last week in Bri- tish Columbia by freshets in the mountains. Agents for the German Government haye purchased 200 horses in lreland at 6 high price. —

‘he might build new words ; but of the _ first ' words we know almost nothing. It seems. ‘indeed, a pure accident that with certai sounds there are connected certain ideas. We learn to connect them ; but the connec- tion is arbitrary, accidental. Why the syllable noct in Latin, nukt in Greek, and night in English means what it does (and these forms are the same words with dia- lectic differences) is probably as accidental as the meaning now attached to the verb boycott.” Had Boycott’s name been iGirl-crib, we might have had this latter ' word instead, and it would have served its purpose equally well. A mere accident has | civen us this word, and it is probable that all woras are in origin remembered co-in- cidences, which are fresh long enough to ‘give the word currency and are then for- ‘gotten. Wedo not believe that men at ‘first said *“*Go to, let us make speech.” | Without speech, indeed, it would have | hhon difficult to hold the consultation. If

| know that the popular idea is that the first jan was endowed witha full-fledged lan- guage ; but I know also that he would have ‘found provokingly awkward a vocabulary whose value he had not learned by assovia- tion. An actually new word gives us no clue at all to its meaning; we may guess this from its connection ; but, to be sure, we need to be told it by one who already knows, and this again implies a previous medium of communication known equally to us both. Language-building probably never went on any faster than it does to- day, nor any differently. We have a large accumulation now, and from these we are continually dropping the unnecessary ones or elaborating the uses of the others ; but new words come slowly and have to be assimilated one by one. It has been so always. When human needs were few, words were, in propurtion, few ; by inter- charge, by my giving you some sound that I struck on somehow, and learning from you some other sound you struck on, and then remembering the coincidences, — slowly and gropingly were the foundations of lan- guage laid. We do not suppose that the languages of this planet are the languages of anywhere else. They originated here ; it is difficult to imagine that there is a univer- sal tongue which was miraculously given to the father-man. If there was, it is certainly now lost. It seems to me that speech is as much a human invention as writing ; and what a long, laborious thing it was to re- present sounds and thoughts to the eye,on’y those who have studied the matter know. Sounds became words by remembered assv- ciation ; the sounds themselves may have been spasmodic, inarticulate efforts under stress of circumstances to shout out some- thing. Probably there was nothing deli- berate about the process. You cannot in- vent occasions ; and each new word was the product of some new occasion, and thus came to signal like occasions. may have been simple or complex accord- ing tothe feeling which foreed them out. They may, on becoming current, have been worn down to something smoother, elaborated for varieties of occasion.

whatever the early history of language, this much is certain, that whenever suflicient

two tendencies I have spoken of were al- ready active,—the tendency tw form com- pounds which ultimately coalesced into an apparently simple word, because conven. ently representing a new unity; and tho

~.. =... a,

form the conjunction:

Such words | ‘a ** Pienic held by the school which con- ‘venes on Sunday in the ‘Methodist body, situated on a street which

or But, sentence is the meaning.

words had gathered for ready speech, the |

_ietail the history and functiva of its com-

tendency to elip words, especially those most ihn nse, thus giving them less a per- | sonal and more a relational value. Such inay in the end cease to be separate words, | and get to be but parts of words, prefixes or aflixes. Take the syllable en. Jt is no word now, yet it has the force of make either at the beginning or end of words. Enrich, sadden and enlighten, are cases in point. It was once a word; it is now merely a sign of energy.

Words thus split up into picture-words and shade-words; these are continually combining to give the panorama of speech. Che ranks of the more abstract indetinable words are recruited from the ranks of words embodying physica! conceptions, and these again are recruited as new coneretes de- mand attention. The stream, thus fed and! thus evaporated, flows on. Now the diffi- culties of parsing are just the difficulties cf speech; to have any satisfactory method of parsing, one must have some such idea as I have outlined of the main characteristics of speech. The essential thing to be seized is this, that, probably, only those words can be parsed which represent definite things, and are not merely signs. It is an absurd- ity, speaking strictly, to ‘call the word ‘and’ a conjunction. It is not a conjunc- tion,—it isa sign of conjunction. Two things or statements are conjoined; they the word ‘and’ is rather a conjunctive. But to call it so is after all to ignore the preceding history of the word; to ignore it us a picture-word, which it once was; and to treat it as a shade or sign-word, which it has now become. [t is said to have once meant going further; was in fact a participle whose agreement has been obscured or lost. It would be difficult to recognize it as such where it is written now. It is to give it more import- ance than it deserves to say: ‘‘And” a present participle, unattached, used abso- lute!y that is; though this is true historiec- ally, it is tedious, burdensome; it presup- poses a history of words, and this few have or care to have; and besides, it overlooks the reason why the word and is so used. I mean it to connect, and do not care for the time where it came from; to me it is a sign of conjunction. Now treating the word thus practically, instead of historically, I

am directing attention to the use of the word; in the first case to earlier stages of

its history. A full parsing requires both; it seeks to state what a word does, that is, its function; and also why it does it, that is, its individual value, the ordinary con- nection between meanings and form. In other terms, a word is to be viewed partly in the light of its lineage, and partly in the

light of its own peculiar energy. Along what line has it come down! and whither

13 its face now pointing /

Now, in so many words is this connection between form and meaning obscure, that we content ourselves with mentioning the functions only, and this is the case with the words called particles, prepositions and

onjunctions. Whenever function obscures forni, the emphasis must be laid on function. Totake an illustration. Such yords as in,out, by, were indisputably once adjectives of place, as this, that and yon are now. They are still virtually such in the words ‘inside,’ ‘outside,’ and ‘by-way.’ But it is usually so difficult to connect them with substantives, as all adjectives really are, that grammarians have given up the attempt to establish this connection, and iuterpret them with the nouns that follow. Chey say that the words ‘in,’ ‘ out’ or ‘ by’ is put before some mure detinite word to

add on some new idea. Now, when these words which are signs of energy or re-

lation, that fix in any word the value of the root-idea, are combined into one word with the root, there is no difficulty in pars- it is easy and correct to call ‘assiduous’ an adjective of quality. But it would be difficult to parse by itself each word in its analytic equivalent ‘ full-of-sit- at-it.’ We may state the relation of four of these words to the fifth, which is the root, but it is only the phrase as a whole that can be parsed. It is folly to try to parse separately each word in such phrases as ‘ at all,’ ‘in short,’ ‘on a sudden.’ These expressions are as yet analytic in form, but they are a unity in thought, and so must be

ne als >*

‘

taken together. If you can trace the phrase you are a philolo gist as well. These

phrases are survival of fuller ones which now only suggest an intelligible idea. Latin gives us an oblique case of an adjective for each of these, and it is well known that a pieposition in an analytic tongue Usually replaces an oblique case in a synthetic. The Latins said swhito where we say ‘on a Sudden;’ yet our phrase is no more disconnected in thought than the Latin single word. And the parsing of it should be as concise.

We do not try to parse the first syllable of ‘*also,” ‘‘altheugh,” because there the union is complete and is recognized in the form. Yet often the union is complete in thought before it is complete in fori. Take the word ‘‘drill-shed,” for instance ; the form is compound, though yet it repre- sents a new unity and is correctly parsed as acompound noun. We feel that the first word need not be taken by itself. You cannot satisfactorily call it an adjective. Now such compounds are first written as separate words, as in the phrase ‘*‘ The Education Act” ; then with a hyphen as in the phrase ‘* policy-holder,” and lastly together, as in ‘‘ironmonger,” ‘ iceberg.” Yet the union is as close in the first stage as in the last, as far as the thought goes ; and only frequency and convenience of use are needed to effect the union in form. And therefore parsing must recognize not only compound nouns, but compound verbs and adjectives, etc., and group them as one in thought in all stages of formal union. In such a phrase as ‘*The Prince Street Methodist Church Sunday School Picnic,” we have one huge compound noun, made up of a series of substantives whose position subordinates them tothe last and deter- mining word,

What is called parsing must be as appli- cable to the language of the street and the handbill, as to that of the most polished writers. Parsing is just a_ criticism of speech-forms, whether these be polished and regular, or rude and irregular. Life is too short for such correct expressions as

thurch of the

bears the name of Prince.” It must not be forgotten that the essential thing in any {tis this that de- termines the treatment of the form, and no sentence cau be scientifically regarded ex- cept in the light of this, The mind having perceived the relations that hold in that ‘peech-viganism, a sentence, gives out in

ee

MARCH 12, 1887. |

Carpets, Bilcloths,

font ae

HOUSE -FURNISHINGS,

.

j E offer the Largest Assortment in the City in these goods, and at prices very low during March.

10:

28 BALES ROOM PAPER NOW READY,

See our Sample Books before buying elsewhere.

Sheetings, Pillow Cottons, Tickings, Table Linens, Towels, | Gray Cottons, W hite Cottons, Prints, Ginghams, SEERSUCKERS. 79°

A very large assortment of LADIES’ CORSETS, at extremely low prices. 10.

AMES PATON & CO,

MAKKET SQUARE.

Ch’town, March 12, 1887.—dy why

sti sties ‘

AT COST!

-_ 30 days I will SELL AT COST, an immense lot of

HARD & SOFT HATS,

399 WHITE AND FANCY SHIRTS, some of which are slightly half price. This is the cheapest lot of Hats and Shirts ever offered in

can buy Remnants and Ends at your own figures. A special bargain in MEN’S UNDER. WEAR. Shirtings ot every description, Scotch Tweeds and Worsted Suits made in latest style, and at bottom figures.

Yae= CALL AND BE CONVINCED.

Ch’town, March 12, 1887—eod & wky

ALSO, soiled, at the city.

SS

LONDON HOUSE,

House-keeping Goods, New White and Gray Cotton, New Printed Cottons, Bleached Sheetiags,

Unbleached Sheetings, Pillow Cottons, 2

Table Linens, Towels, Toweling. =

0

~HESE goods have just been opened for Spring; Sale, and having been bought before the recent advance in Cottons, will be found extr., value.

CARPEHTS! CAaARPHTS! a :

re)

—_—_—_— ~<

ae

Brussels, Tapestries, Hemps, Floor Cloths, Matting, Hearth Rugs. Door Mats, Lace Curtains. .

& > ~~’ * . Jailoringe A lot of Spring Tweeds just opened.

—_———_ 0 -———-

HARRIS & STEWART,

SUCCESSORS TO «

GEO, DAVIES & Co. ;

Ch town, March 7, 1887,—wky

‘E°HE people are sick reading advertise i ments all about Big Discounts and yoid of meaning ; but what L. E. PROWSE adver tises to do, you may be sure he will do. é

PLEASE READ: .

A lot of Remnants of Dress Goods, about ~ half price.

A job lot of Corsets less than half price.

A magnificent lot of Embroidery, 20 per cent discount. Y

Job lot of Dress Goods, 20 to 25 per vent discount.

Biack Cashmeres and Merinoes, excellent value.

Gray Cottons, White Cottons, Sheeting, Shirting, Ticking, &c., very low. i *

“IT MUST BE DISPOSED OF,”

se aeoree Two Thousand ($2,000) Dollars’ Worth of Hats FROM 20 TO 50 PER CENT. DISCOUNT, FOR 15 DAYS ONLY. : a

NOW IS THE TIME TOBUY HATS CHEAP TRY US: WE MEAN IT EVERY TIME.

SIGN OF THE BIG HAT, 74 QUEEN STREET.

ponent parts.

Ch'town, March 4,°1887—eodl & wky

Department. es