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Additional iHighiways ,Aid Iieqaested Of Federal Govt.

Good. Roads Association Reaffirms Attitude Re- Federal Aid BY Strong Resolution Yesterday. Level Crossings Danger And Important Phases Of Highway Financing, Construction And Maintenance Dealt With. Hon. D. A. Stewart, New Brunswick, Elected New President.

{he railway crossing menace. Quo- ‘gc’; system OI hlghwayl.‘ and me‘ thods oi road construction and Ill:- ancing were smollk m! mm!’ mm‘ “one suhiecis dlstllased at the W‘ slam of the Canadian Good Reads Association held at Beach Grove Inn yesterday. Following tho afternoon session an enjoyable annual dinner and entertainment was held.

An important resolution ,. It the afternoon session re-amrmed m, “ensue; o1 the Association with respect i4) additional FG-GQIIJ Bid W highway communion. rsqwtlh; that this assistance ‘should be grant- ed at the earliest possible moment to the various provinces.

Hon. D. A, Stewart. Minister oi Public Works for New Brunswick. was slams mac-or o! the MW" atlbn for the ensuinl year. Follow‘ irlg is the ‘complete list of omccrr» and directors elected Yesterday If- tel-noon:-

OITICIZRB: . '

lion. Past Presidents: lion. J. L- Perron, K. 0., Minister oi Asflclll- ture for Quebeioplion, P. J, Venlot. Postmaster-General ‘ for Canada- llonfhlv. hICilibbTMnistei-Tii Pub- llc Works roi- Manitoba. Hon. Geo- s. Henry. Minister or Public Works, and Highways for Ontario. Hon. P- c. Black, moistu- of Highways W

Nova sootia. '

Hon. President: Hon. O. L. Mc- Pherson. Minister of Public Works lor Alberta. , .

Presidentgﬁ-‘Hon, n. A. Stewart. Minister of‘ Public wonrs for New Brunswick.

First Vice-President: K01 1- 3'- Psrrsult.‘ x,“ 0., Minister of l-Ilsh- ways id.‘ Quebec. i

Second Vice-President: I-Ion. N. 3 leughesdpiﬂnlstsr of Public Works for British Columbia.

Becretaiy-‘Ireasurer:

ANNOUNCEMENTS. COMING svsms. MEETINGS. ETC

Geo. A. Ms-

"Annaadaie 811W W! Dance. Orchestra 7704-0-18-81.

"Dance inhlesald mu mm. Btiltcmber 20th. Lunch as usual.

’ v 7132441141.

"Come and see "Aunt Jerushoy on

Tip Warpath” in Kingston Hall Thursday. Sept. ma. »

- ,_ _ . ‘UM-l-le-ii

‘mm Your Point wo- man's will present "The 01d

Dairy " hr Rowe's w. Qygnjnl‘ Q .

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“may:

i Names, Montreal, P. Q.

Directors: J. L. Boulanger, Depu- ty Mlnisier oi Highways foriquebec H. S. Carpenter, Deputy Minister oi Highways for Saskatchewan. E, A. Clnrningllem. llmcisncy Engineer: Canadian Pacific Railway Co., Man- treal. William Findlay, Wm. Find- lay Co.. Ltd, Toronto, Ont. S. W. Hobart, General Manager, Canadian Automobile Manufacturers, and‘ Ex- porters Association, Toronto, Ont. Col. P. R. Hanson, President Royal Automobile Club of Canada, Man- treal. P. Q. R, A. C. Henry, Deputy Minister of Railways and Canals. Ottawa. T. J. Mahoney. Member oi the Highways Advisory Board, for Ontario. Aid. Theo. o. Morgan. Mon treal. A. McGillivray, Deputy Minis- ter of Public Works. and Highway Commissioner for Manitoba. Sea. J. P. McIntyre, Minister oi Public Works for Prince Edward Island. A. Pion, President Quebec Provincial Motor League, Quebec City. Quebec. Patrick Philip. Deputy Minister of Public Works for British Columbia. .1, D. Robertson, Deputy Minister c: Public Works for Alberta. Hon. a. c. Stewart, Minister of Highways ior samzatchewan. RI M. Smith, Deputy’ Minister of Public Works for Ontar-

MORNING SESSION

The morning session ‘ at 10 o'clock with Hon. -J. P. McIntyre. Minister oi Public Works, Prince Edward Island. as presiding omcer. The speeches were all of a practical nature and were oi great interest. In an a and extensive address on "'i‘l'le Prov‘ oi Quebec's Sys- tem of Highways," Hon. J. E. Per- rarllt, K. C., Minister of Highways Quebec, paid a tribute to the work of the Canadian Good Roads Asso- elation. l-ie stated that the armorial problem in good road construction is the greatest and most obnoxious to be dealt with. The early history of rosdmaking in Quebec is a story of obsolete methods, and 0i 810W changes. In 1912 an educational campaign and the voting of ten mil- lion dollars towards road improve- ment created a revolutloru in the public opinion and in reed construc- tion, although scme very dimcult problems presented themselves. The Quebec Main Hikhwly 5Y8“!!! ll m! of the longest ill Canada. and has reached an advanced state of corn- pletion. It links up all cities. WWBI. villages and parishes, The work has gone on steadily till the Us"!!! MW consists almost entirely oi improv- ed roads. 'I‘lle government control of maintenance since I02’! has had s notable effect‘ on road conditions. and to it is attributed the excellent condition of roads now general in Quebec. A Owﬂfllnhll bolh In!!!‘ to for the resurfacing of pavements completion and extontion of secon- eary roads. mainiohiacs of present roads to the highest standard. and the eliminates of trsdle dangers. [In the latter phase bathe "wills!!!- part of which bu aims! been W- ried out, the chief work to be done istba ‘e tion of level crossing! orihe lastiumeaoitilehillst/sv regulation at siiob erossinn A aa- turslresultoigsodroadshthssn- orlaeus tourist trams which omen ﬂew enieys, and also an eraef lists-

any financing undertaken ultimately resolves 11150’!- problem oi taxation There were ‘Only two methods by

pay u you go, or borrowing, With so many-members of the engineering profession-conning, executive posi- tions. the engineer should gain a

abandon the ides that the‘ solution of construction problem marks the limit of his usefulness. Under the ill! as you "go method. the amount oi money available annually for road building purposes is probably less than if arrangements" are made to borrow lane sums. The pay-as-you-sﬁ method promotes such economies as use oi local materials, the fullest utilisation of existing structures, the restriction of construction in advance of current requirements; and the eon; servstion of the borrowing powers oi the taxing unit. It is admittedly true that ‘any public effort w curtail road expenditure springs lass from sny honest endeavor to reduce taxation than from he gesture oi taxpayers al- ready provided with roads for im- mediate needs. \

ww- mhw o who or w. purposes, thetaiwaye’: should possess" a clear idea as to the iuatulsaubn oi borrowing and the use to be made o! the ‘borrowed money. Having de- cided upon borrowing the taxpayer through his delegated or elected le- presentativee has the choice of three forms of bonds: namely. term bonds, which mature aftera definite period. during which no portion of the prin- cipal sum ~is retired: serial "bonds. bonds, with s fixed proportion of the p.‘ clpal bum retired annually or a‘. other definite periods; and annuity bonds, with the amount retired pills interest and outstanding bonds, re- maining constant.

After deolingin detail with each oi these three methods of financing. Mr. Ierguaon cited statistics showing the proportion of provincial highway cr- peditures derived directly from motor nxation was 42 percent in i024, and 54 per cent in i028.

' The saliant features of highway financing were summed up as follows by ‘Mr. Ibrgusou: With the develop- lment of motor travel it is self evident that certain roads have lost their local ‘character and that provincial administration is Mdlilafl- H1811 financing is essentially a problem of taxation. Borrowing money for hisn- ways should not be lightly undertak- sn until the. economic requiremsnte have been thoroughly studied and the Mame needs scientiﬁcally determin- ed, Maintenance chattel should be paid out at current revenue raised by taxation of road users. The term a bonds ‘issued for road buildingahcilld

Peopis Pa

which highways could be financed- I

thorough knowledge of finance and .

rel

(lovers Prince Edward

ETOWN, CANADA. THCRSDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1929 .

Portrait Cf Sit-

Williom Mulock

Anewporirailerlfieltllomﬁlr wnllsmnsaioeaielrisiadislslrvhﬂ a. tlaeehid issues of oniario. which has been buns st WWII IaiLToronto.'1‘IaiaIateat,'illll0l mlminipiabycuniawuiialann. ncaiauauanrialsglilrsss-os

r the aabicct. The picture ls hung in

‘the eoskidor inst o the appeal scorer-fern, where the chief justice presides over the ﬁrst appellate di- vision of the supreme court o! 0n- tsrio. .

In leading the discussion of m». Van Bcoyoc‘: paper Mr- "W! Philip, Deputy Minister of Public Works, British Columbia, stated that the pr-oportionirlg oi the ingredients of the concrete by weight "s 1m approved practice. In asphalt pave- ments expansion joints occur at in- mvala-osaboue-snir-iy feet. Th6- speaker strongly vslﬂClRd the use o! "diunmy" joints.

t BITUMINOUS DOADS

In the course of a paper delvered on "Bituminous Road Construction" lib. E. H. Scott, Manager Asphalt Association, Ontario, stated that the bituminous road construction will probably remain the largest coll- struclion feature in Canada for years to come. Mr. Scott laid down ls a truisnr that. "oi-her thingsbeih! equal the value of any fill-d i0 l" under tramc is in a pronortlonwthe amount of gravel and stone We hold in place." ‘I-Ie urged that the pavinZ idea be forgotten until circumstan- neg warrant the construction of pav- ed roads We can now lay s- base over which, asphalt can be placed m future years. The method oi con- struction is to spray the gravel with tar or- asphalt, mix tboroushly ‘on the road. and, let trams provide con- solidation. With regard to surfacing Mk. Scott said that care should be taken to pmvid an application which dries quickly. Liquid bitumen. as a substitute for water in the mo- cadam road. will no doubt ﬁnd a place in construotionlsequence,‘ An appropristihisiery for roads would be as follows: ﬁrst. an indetermin- ate number of years as a clay road; second. an indeterminate number o! years as a gravel road or a travel bound road: third. possible dustiay- in; for s period of one or ‘two years: fourth. a mulch method or a retread inlthod which will possibly have a llfe of from four to sis years; rlfth. a penetration surface or a mixed macsdam surface which will have conservatively a possible life or from

' eight to twelve years, depending on

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BRIDGE CONSTBUCHON

Modern Highway Bridge Construc- tion was the subject of an illustrated lecture by M. A. S. C. E., Chiet oi ‘Technical Service, American Institute of Steel Construction, New York City, during thewcoilrse og which he stated museum money for bridge building is" much the same as bor- rowing money for road making and much the same principles apply. In aridge building, location and capac- ity are the important basic factors. The construction material must. not be stretched beyond their elasticity. Steel is the best material from every pciﬁt oi view, chemically and phy-~ sically. The concensus oi opinion 0d many engineers is that steel, when properly cased for is not effected by corrosion. Its elasticity makes it suitable‘ for the iluctuatih-S 6min. ind its strength is not unpaired by weather or by extremes of tempera- ture. Speaking of the foundation of the structure. Mr. Ilrankland stated that rock, shale or hard clay gave a condition where a continuous type of structure, over two spans can be used. ‘The remainder of the lecture, which was of a highly ieshﬂiwl nature was made much more com-l prehensive and interesting by 111° use of a; series of slides. .

. AFTERNOON SESSION

The afternoon session opened at 2 o'clock with Hon. D. A. Stewart. Minister of Highways, New orunswick, presiding omser-

The first address of this session was delivered by Hon. Prank Oliver, BOdrd o! Railway Commissioners for Can-

ada who dealt ably with the level‘

ﬂolgirll menace. The speaker stated that it is the duty of the RaiiWI-y Commission to provide molest-ion It sll- public crossings at all public roads, by nlsans of warning devices- While cost should be considered in the Pill‘- chass of these devices, eﬂicisne’! slmllsbetnsbrimsrullnsiwwr-m old-fashioned "also boards. which have proved inadequate for modern

“wheat from the dominion," Mr.

. W. I. Bull oi Weston, Ont., tc New

' of Vancouver, B. 0.,

‘man of om», out. a native oi

Don't be so fussy about your life plans; the aleetrie ous and powerful-but noiseless.

MAXIMS

os- a NiERCUXl. . .

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gynsnolspondsrf

ITHUMAS BACK

tint ilsll Ti,titAti

(Special to The Guardian) LIVERPOOL, Eng, Sept. l8, 1929.- "I am completely satisfied with the results of m'y\ visit,” declared Right Hon. J. H. Thomas, Lord Privy Seal and Minister of Employment, on his return from ‘s. visit to Canada. today. “I hope and feel that it will con- tribute towards a solution oi the un. employment problem of this country this winter. I propose to meet rep- resentatives CI all business interests which can do business with Canada, so the necessary sis-cs can be taken to give practical effect to my efforts. Canada will take coal and steel from Great Britain which sha at present takes from other areas." '

"It ls an unusual thing," Mr. Thomas added, "for a cabtinet min- ister to bisy the part of a commercial traveller, but the results, I believe, will fully Justify the departure,

“I have not asked Canada u; take minds which she produces herself. but I did. ask something on account oi Britain beingthe largest buyer of

Thomas went on. He was eager to acknowledge the ready and sympggh- etic baring he received in all his "Presentations in every quarter of the Dominion. “Canada? he declared, "admitted the force of what he put forward." V

"Although, as I say, I shall next meet the business organizations of m9 °id Qvllhiify, I shall say once Wain-as I did when I took office- there can be no infallible unemploy- ment remedy produced artificially. What we want for that are custom- ers snd theseI have done my best to secure," Mr. Thomas added.

Invitation Will Be Issued By MacDonald

(Cisnndian Press) WASHINGTON, D. C., Sept. 18.- Invltatlons to the five power naval conference proposed to be held late ill January will be issued by Premier Ramsay MacDonald in the near fu- ture but the exact time remains to be determined. This was learned hero authoritatively today and with it came the further information that there would be no Joint invitations on behalf of Great ‘Britain and the United States as has been suggested in some quarters.

Commissioners

Will Go Abroad

(Special to the Guardian)

OTTAWA, Sept. ld-Eight junior Canadian trade commissioners who have been undergoing an extensive course of probationery trading iuitn tho Department of Trade and and Commerce in Ottawa wil shortly be sent abroad as assistant trade commissioners to help in the further extension of Canadian trade in for- eign lands.

Application has been made to the civil service commission to assign the following as assistant trade com- missionera to the designated "‘ riesz-Harris W. Brighton of Edmon- ton, a native of Brockville, Ont., to ltlo De Jsrliere, Snail; B. C. Butler o; Hamilton, Ont., io Batnvla, Java;

Ycwk; hula-ice Belanger of Ottawa to Paris, hence; Bruce A. MacDonald a native of Dawson City, to . Shanghai. Chills; Gerald A. Newman of Winni- pq a native oi Dawson Cityﬂbﬂ’ peg, a native of Leslningtcn. Ont., to Liverpool, lklgland; H. i... Q. Priest-

10 PAGES

Project For

In view oi the possibility. some day. of the construction oi a tunnel con- necting Prince Edward Island with the mainland, and the interest which the subject Cllldlﬁﬂnlly arouses in the press. the following information with respect to s similar project, now undel- way, connecting the cities of Windsor, Ontario, and Detroit, Mich, will be of interest. The details were given to a. Guardian representative by Mr. J. D. McAlpine, representing the Windsor Chamber o! Commerce at the Good Roads convention now in session here.

The tunnel. which is designed as a vehicular subway linking together- the downtown sections of Detroit and Windsor, will be completed some time next July, and will have a max- imum capacity of 2,000 vehicles an hour-LOOO in each direction. ‘rho cost will be in the neighborhood oi

Aaaual labserl siens Delivered sa. n; llali Carnage aoe mama-so.

vMILE-LONG TUNNEL TO COST $25,000,000

Vast Engineering Scheme To Link Windsor And Detroit Suggests Interesting Compa- rison With Mooted Tunnel

This Province.

sascoocoo.

The tunnel, which will be over 5.0M feet long. will have a roadway 2f feet wide. allowing one lane of traf- fic in each direction and an extra lane for emergency uses. Shield- driven excavation has commenc- ed on the American side. Th1 shield. which is one of the larg- est ever employed and probably the largest in America, is s2 feet. 4 inches in diameter. and is advanced by hydraulic jacks-thirty of them. each with s. maximum pressure oi 150. tons-as the muckers within @1011‘ the way with small power knives. The shield makes 30 inches to the “shove? with three or four "shoves" making a. good day, com‘. pressed sir looks have been installed and the last work was done under s

Continued on P180 ‘I

Naval Conference Cannot Be Held Till January

(Special to The Guardian) WASHINGTON, D. 0., Sept, 18- Secretary Stimson slated today that the proposed five Power naval eon- iererlce could not be held till Janu- ary or perhaps later. Referring to press reports from France and Italy that indicated resentment against the formation of an Anglo-Ameri- can entents that proposed to prac- tlcally dictate to other nations was: strength their novice ‘should be, Secretary Stimson said that the governments of Italy, Japan and France had been fully informed of what was being done. Not only had they offered no Objection but they had rather indicated approval of the efforts being made and expressed their opinion that it we; necessary that Great Britain and the United States should ﬁrst come to a tenta- tive agreement before any general convention could be framed.

RACES POSTPONED (Canadian Press) HALIFAX, N. s. Sept. 1l.-No races were held at Fredericton today. t

' 0F ‘ME

1w Mosr OMFORTABLE turtles ill far

womb ARE A Para or o\.o sli?l‘.5

MHHHIHH‘

TORQNTV. Sent. Isa-Maritime: Fresh northerly winds, partly cloudy, becomins quite cool.

Presented His Credentials To

Emperor Hirohito

(By Percy Whiteing, Canadian rniia staff correspondent)

M. Marler, New Canadian Minister to Japan, presented his credentials today to Emperor Hirohito. lilr. Mar- ler rode in an automobile from his hotel to the palace. The ceremony was brief. Tile foreign minister ant minister oi the household weri present. Japanese Minister Tokugsw: also was given a farewell audienci by the emperor today prior tohil sailing for Canada on the Empress a France.

_..___

M ON G OL IA IS ‘ M OBILIZIN G

(Canadian Press)

TOKIO, Sept. la-Jspanen HQ Agency reports state that the Idio- golian government ls saii is kn mobilised all men betwesr. e e an of 20 and 40 and has orderse can cavalry divisions command! b no viet officers to move to the hall The report adds that propagates! have been made to move $0.0M‘ trons

in accordance with developmene l: the Russo-P“ situation in Man-

Achuria.

aaeh insertion In this column. 1

QQOQ-O-O-O-a

FOI. BIN‘! - A FURNISIIBI House. All modern conveniences Central location. Apply Guardian 7737-9404!

WANTID A’! ONCI, A MAID. A!- ply-Rues H0161: -

-i

so mar-mans non noon heated. AUDI! Guardian. . Tldb-D-‘ll-ll

sessile-two rooms us. an: McPherson, ‘l3 Queen Street. neo-s-‘ls-s:

Toronto. clear Montreal, fak- ,,

K111i“. cloudy 8t. John. rain

Dublin. Ireland. to Auckland, N. 2.‘, and Arthur J. ‘nnsley of wolfviile N.‘ S. to Glasgow, Scotland. '

~-os-rawa. out. me u.-

Boatsh. cloudy New York, cloudy

loll‘

WHEN at 118K

Charlottetown, rain .,,,,,,,,_ “.4;

High tide this morning at 11.0! and

110x10, Japtlbﬁﬁllt. Ida-Hon, a _

11a.