O

fillhones tin . Our WarRecord

v Armed Forces “of the Dominion epresented in all Branches

Y4’...

v1.6 nad

l. f Service‘

I . . -wlien Prime Minister Churchill told the world Sept.

‘ . . at once.

.1__iirtztil_v serving in the R.'A.F. was a group of can.

‘. airmen trained in Britain and they went into their

" ling roles immediately though Canada’s formal declar- ot war followed the Mother Country’s by a week.

3f in the months that followed. the Dominion set about

grtlililflw0fk of war organization that gradually con-

. her into one of the important arsenals of fighting

ooracy. During that slow process these airmen be-

" o pioneers in the recreation of Canada’s distinguished

BY ROSS MUNRO (Canadian Press Staff Writer)

939, that Britain would stand by her word to invaded. '- “d, Canadian participation in the war thus declared

iion of war service.

y

Twin. it hfllllc men stepped Into their first battle-dress and the ~ -. nt concluded negotiations for air training of empire fliers on

i . mic, Canadian in the I Al‘. flew on early bombing raids. -

. token significance by present-day standards of sir strength.

t

t. ds's hand in the wsr likewise was a mere token then but ssl

early months wen

'. on important

p week before Christmas.

was revealed to have

f _ .. a second contingent was safely in the British Isles.

_ ndards ‘of fitness and competency of the troops who 3 struck at Sicily and up through Italy and then in the invasion of the new arrivals were raw. recruits. However. they started to oidlers and as they did the first awards for gallantry ‘. made to thc men with the R Al‘,

y the sia

‘tobcpoods

f

Britain arid fresh Norway was invsded

pril and

ordered to prepare for their of the war but the

'_ sction

, rebruiiry, the personnel of " iii‘ R C A 1"

the

were cancelled

dtan names

appeared in I‘ casualty lists and further t- of Canadians in battle-dress ed the country. Then Ger-

w

. thrust through

tries

Orders Cancelled

German invasion westward the Brittle of France and Division got. . to embark. The defence of r was a debacle and again p orders were cancelled Canadian officers an had gone to France

Canadian lst

‘ ‘ wlthdrs wn.

eyes of the German I-Iigli Britain and

I

l sing weight 6i

lg iion talk was in the air and ‘Canadian troops in England

y through defence

, ~ for the formation of a Can- . Corps were mentioned. 2nd Canadian ___ on arrived in August as the of British speeded up with

E

ans in RAP

.1: defend the skies t" e the brittle was “t; awards to Canadians in the

Navy told of the bi the Dominion were giving

Canada took over a half- Kc United States des- d put her own person-

.. it over-n an

K d

idiaii airmen fighting in the of Britain helped build up ount oi 1.000 attacking en-

iilanes destroyed

i111" troops moved into de- n the invasion

,. t positions o its tli

‘is “fills your en o the 9 lain Wsh the y i" e defences

of

l iirst

Pacific War '

iibvcmb ' ~ Pr. 0n the other side 1 “mild. Carliiadiansgfantry- OIIB ng f) 0n that garrésodn as fie: resc c a ers . Car dl . Ensigném tank troops sr

ttfsck on Pearl‘ w the United States ‘1- laden immediate t on l-Iong Kong 11118 Kong surren- Psneae . l“,

~ ll to .msifair5 .ill Jlitincdo" w‘ brought r. t i uncliiitlm l" the Jn ~ lgevmtest on

i: was ‘Hand illlrnti“:

i cluadiasn , it‘

the 093110216111! by now. ei

l‘

ded. the first gra- Britlsh Common- Air ‘rralning Plan arrived from Canada winter took the blitz and survived lst Canadian Corps was . 1i and Canadian tunnellers . to Gibraltar to help improve the fortress t» Were formal ainnuncement-s 1th» Royal Canadian t.- "Wint: lu size though num- .' l particular types of shipsi ‘ not be revealed because Ola.

tererted enemy. R C.A 11'. fi hter Wiis formed

I troops kept coming scrosl nt.: whilc those in train-

Oa - time‘ D? b! nut. t ' not: till‘; ‘if.

<1 Cansdi eeniin

h s

fl i ans yew ‘ll._hms| n. man

squadron troo s II Canadians

the

d men earlier

of

0 cross the

exercises.

squadrons at its

service

in three

months.

NAVY

pa li .:en. Can- iter wing

and the ve with

0ft

‘l:

elped beat . and

t by there appeared the first signs of what wsl ntribntion by the Dominion. I939. the first contingent of Canadian

1.;

Britain. and five days after

mun Squadra‘ for its kills

Returning from Canada after e visit for consultation purposes. Gen. McNaughton carried out plans for the formation of the 1st Canadian Army.

May 30, 1942. R O Al‘ crews flew in what then was the greatest bombing operation of all time. The force of 1,000 bombers that roared out from tho British Isles hit Col. 0811c. As Mnltr kept up its gallant defence. a Canadian in the R A F., George Beurling. piled up a score as s fi hter pilot that made him one of t e war‘s greatest fly- ing aces.

Dieppe Raid

In the early summer, a special Canadian force undertook el r- ate combined operations exercises and struck Aug. 19 at Dieppe The big raid was fierce and costly but the Luftwaffe was lured into one of its greatest defeats of the war while the Allies achieved an effective formula for combined operations and learned lessons for the further use of men, planes and ships together _

At Fort Banning. Gs., Can» adians went into training as para- troops and a specialised Can- adian-United States shock force was formed.

The R C Al's share in more snd more weighty bombing raids on Germany grew bigger and plans were made for an R.C.A.F. bomb- er group A bomber squadron man- ned by French-speaking Can»- adians became operational.

In October, a Canadian naval force in the north Pacific worked -with United States forces in the occupation of the Andreanof Isl- ands. As the year i942 ended. R. C bombers flew over the Alps to Italian targets with the ILA l" Canadians flying R. A F. bombers as well as their own were estimated t an S0 ,

Early in 1949. Canadian trocpsl were promised action and e de- tachment representing unite of the st. Canadian Army joined British 1st Arm fighti I in Africa after e Olllt United States-British landin s in which the Royal Canadian svy helped.

Canadian corvette-s operated in the Mediterranean while the Bri- tish 1st and 8th Armies and Unit- ed States forces strangled the Axis there

July l0. combined British and United States forces invaded Bio- ily. with, the lat. Canadian Div- ision forming part of Gen Mont- goinerys army.

Invasions Multiply

-The Canadians fought with dis- tinction in sn t cam- paign role, and then on the fourth anniverssr of the start of the‘ war landed on the toe of Italy with s British division. Inthe meantime. a loint Can- odisn-United tiites force oc- cupied Kislia Island in the Aleu-

tisns without opposition. While the Canadians in Italy e sire It

the libl

were increased to th

cargo and helped in

of ins and the ensuing drive in- to northern Italy. pre stations ent forward tcipstiori in the main iavseien of urope -

Months of intensive o sniestion were cltmsxed when e Can- adian 3rd Division on Juneb. l9- 44 struck the ormandy besch-. heads as port of Gen. men's powerful in

force The trd wsa followed into bettlmby the Ind. snd 4th isr- mored) divisions with which it made up part of the 1st Canadian

rBnitliidilv American. Polish. Bel- gian and Netherlands t also served under Gen. Crersr. w o had succeeded. Melts .

’1'_l_i.e Canadians took sen, July il. broke through to Islsise in Aug- ust and then co-o ted with cans to rout he 7th Cer- ,_ may ti. muss, nd Tran. The 1st. snedlsn Army then drovo the enemy from the Channel Ports. taking Ewen. Dlappe and Le Ilsvre. In Belgium troops unci- er Gen Crersrh d captur-

r__-~ z" .~~ -

to make up more than .

Tim ‘cuAnpmTnTOwN GUARDIAN .

ians pFyoyught on

i

i» PRAYEAR roa THIS DAY

e A - . .

. malse iis wortlay of tiiis glorious Hour, For Tiilnc almlsiity Hamil lmtla lecl its liere

Tlarcusli slaasfly years that mafia peoples cowci",

To Haven where all skies at last are clear,

Clear of tliose ten-ore long airmail by night, Of battle, murder and of screaming death- Into the Realm ofvictory, Peace anti Ligl-ie

W11!!! ‘£881’ I10 1008C!‘ Cli-IICILCS if Oil! lJICI-llll.

So grimly close all men oi good will came To sinking into slaveryys tiarii ziiryrs, That Wt" WE lUiOW, Only pillnlrcfl Itlanlfi

Brouslit US ill’ 135i? in Silffify OVEX‘ fllld.

Let us lee lsumlwly proutl, anti live to serve Wlizit woulcl linvc been their aims, wlio live no more’.

Grant: from tiicir last llisll purpose none slinll swerve.

Our cleecls exalt tlieir tlrenin Peace iicltl in storei

Grant flint tliis Day we voice no empty lronst, ‘But flue finer worlfl wliicla fliey lIJBSflll

On float Ideal our ClIBIIIPiOIIS lronorcttl most:

The eternal Brotlierltoocl of malt to n-inn. “raw

‘Nathaniel A. Benson

THE BORDEN COMPANY LIMITED

[Zing Visits Coma-cigar: Signalle

Land.

Epic 0f Malta

Malta, British bastion off the we of Italy in the Mediterran- ean. held for a time the hard- bitten title of "most bombed spot on earth" — s distinction later taken by some points on

- the French invasion coast and in Germany itself.

Between June, 1040.. and Oc- tober. 942. Melts absorbed- witliout flirichirig - 1.660 bomb raids in which l. 38d civilians were killed and 0.704 buildings were raced oi- partly destroyed.

Between September. i941. and June, I942, German and Ital- ian planes dropped an average of 500 tons of bombs night and day with the dual purpose of downing Britain's tight little

“eastern Gibraltar" and screen- ing Axis troops and supply movement to hard pressed Mar- shal Rcmmel iii North Africa.-

Refugees in iianaii

By llelen Banne lllflll Canadian Press Staff Writer

OTTAWA 1GP) Although official figures do not show the tu- tal number oi refugees trout Nazi oppression Canada has received since the start of the war-because Canada's immigration has no cat-- egory oi i-ciugee"—a certain num- ber found shelter in this country- Canada’; other large group 0f wartime guests included almost. 7.000 cli-ldrcn. An estimated 50 per cent of these were returned to their homes before the war’s end as they reached the age for service under British regular. ons.

About 15.000 so-called refugees entered Canada's gates between i933 and i943, immigration officials oi the Mines and Resources Depart- men. report, and other groups wlrch included refugees iirrlvccl after i943. A party of 256 came from SW11" and Portugal in the spring of i044. and while most of these planned to make new hOmes in Canada. a tcw of the party came for shelter till the WB1"s end and expect to return to their war-torn homes in Poland. Czechoslovakia. Holland. Belgium, and other coiinrics overrun by the Gennsn armies

i i

New Industries For Canada Many brought their own indus- tries, arts and crafts with them. [nuts Fischl of the Sudecnland brought his kid-glove industry '0 Prescott. Out Thomas Bath. tics- ccridani of a 10m: line of Moravian shoemakers. built his modcl vill- age of Batawa. in the Trent valley of On‘ario. m aocomodnte h‘s trans- olantcd shoe factory. The Koei-ucr brothers from Czechoslovakia nave made despised British Columbia hemlock a profitable product. Oth- ers were skilled in making airplane parts. precision tools. paints. tex- tiles. corsefs steel hardenmz com- pounids. class. Some brought new agrmultural processes.

Alien-born student refugees in Britain who were sent to Canada for intennent after the full of France Wcre released ‘o continue their studios in Canadian tin"k"s- a “cs after ‘rivestigatlon.

. The Children's OV"i‘<0fi$ Rocco!- . ‘on "nevi-i sponsored flhflilii-Jfioi) uf

‘he Friflsh children who camo in

Canadian foster homes. Abruiffiino

came. oriwiteii’ to snend the wnr

' f‘

Sea an o ‘Hard Hitting; 1st Canadian Army In Action

(By The Canadian Press)

The hard-hitting lat Canaciir Army under Gen. H. D. G. Crerar fought over some of northwestern Europe's most difficult terrain-Ame canals of Belgium and Hollands sudden acres-in the Allied drive A smash Germany.

i From the time the first. Canadians landed in England in 1939 the Dominica's land forces were trained for one specific operatiori-"westerri ‘Europe-and from D-Day to Gernianys collapse they showed the value

-of their training. But it was scarcely possible the nightmare conditions under which they often batlisd had been foreseen.

Nor hau‘ it been VlSUllilZCfl that‘ the Canadian force would be split -two divisions going to Italy to wage a long dfiIWll-Olli. campaign. stale- matcd at numerous times after the 1st Canadian Division, which landed in Sicily in July. 1943. fought up the Italian boot and was Joined later by the 5th (armored).

The European invasion which the world awaited so long was the tflfth landing of the urar for the Canadians. in addition to Sicily and ,1taly. they liud been ‘.0 Sitilsbcrgcn and Dleppc.

i 0n Juice ti, 1944. 3rd Division units sioriiiui ashore ill. Bernieres. Courseulles and St. Aubin on ‘he Normandy coast of France. Later the 2nd Infantry and 4th (armored) Divisions tiiicl 2nd Armored Brigade were sent to Normandy, {ruining part of the lst Canadian Army under command tf Gen. Cremr, which also included British divisions. a Pol- ish armored division. and. ior n time. Belgian autl Netherlands brigades

and u United Slates division

7.‘.

NAZI; DREAM

(Caiirliiuod, from ‘gage

Canadian airborne‘ units __ . landed on D-Day with a British; airborne division east of the OmcI River and helped to hold a bridfifiq .. _ head across the River until the 3, while I-ondon hastily evacuated British-Canadian i011?! 6115594 her children and waited breathles- irom the west. sly for the bombs to fall. None fell

-'l'l'iis was the Phoney War"

Capture 0f Caen ‘thoznursept. 3 thfihFfgnbh announced . 11 £11‘ army a come “n con- Froiu the coast. the Canadian’? tract" with the Germans, but '11s struck south to take Czien. July ., 110mb Preferred to have the Ger- which involved some of the hord- mans throw thcmselveszon the Mag- rst fighting up to tlicn. iifl0i; Lille and stuck nto German

The Canadian role. iii co-ordin-iierrlwry 011])’ for a few thousand ntion with British troops. was to yards near baarbrucskcii. Their- break the German anchor IJOSlUOIlSI cnsivc never developed. at Coen wlillo the Americans cxe-‘ Tile British Wvfe dropping leaflets cutcd a wheeling movement soiiiiipklntlgwciiyeiiiy ‘oh “lint/er long“ as through Brittany. then east ZIPIQSn w“; T 1a ha: Coytlgrefl Efi§d total France. Smashing of 'Sil'Dll8 13<‘1"i ‘ l1" l1 0P9! 0 D6806- man positions south of Cacn for‘ the break-through 1° Falfllse n: August followed and then the Can-i adians ctr-operated with the Amt, t-ricans in springing traps ‘on the! German ‘itli Army at Fztlaisc und- Trun.

From C301?‘ that nod <11" 50111 '5" . Soldicrs hid ; u east up 1119 Qme ‘adrift’ iavheisléapeviously-arrlsgd sliiils geiggildrsfarvlzll F8111“? Aug 17' "y d Bergen, Stzivanger. Trondheim anti east threilsh Tm"- Mmdm a.“ iothci- coastal points.

Bermy and 1101111911“ i” “T? S.“ “e Tiio British landed a few thou- 85 751M531 “lid “in” fmmalmnf sand Allififi troops on boti sides of 0i m? 15L C““‘“i“‘“ Ann-v $21“ lTrmidlic m and inter zit Nzirvik. but ed 1111 U11’ CW5‘ irm“ m“ Om” mlw-cro forced to withdraw. 0n April the mouth of the seine. u ~30 Hitler proclaimed a complete vic-

Once the Germans Cf"? gfx_li.Ol'_V. uncl within a short time the Fnliiisc liinfilc D051ll9ll5 “v9” ‘lay-Albert troops liad withdrawn. ken. the 1st Cflllfidlflfiyilmy U118 given the Job of CiBQHllL, ulp S 1 Channel coast‘ and the Nort kmflz‘ coast of Belgium on the E1 May 10 the great blow in the west left flank to open the Channel fell on Huliilifid, Belgium, Luxem- Ports and thus step ill) the 3°“ i pout-z and France. The fate of Ger- of sublime-l i° [he Allied “films-d many \\'0llld be scaled for 1.000 years

Rouen was cap111re1‘l_-‘\11E-31 all by the outcome, Hitler told his the next dtil’ Cflnadm“ ‘Nikki? solriicrs. vcngc on the Germans by “iii in? Swarms of paracliutlsts descended into Dicippc. scene of the liclfllPbi; on the airports near Rotterdam. the individual Canadian casualty 5;» Home and Amsterdam, seized the of the Will’ when thoriull-éiiulflrfibriricc at Mc-ertiijk. south of Rot- rnid ran into wllheiiiig eima ‘qprdqino The vaunted Dutch Water m6 Line iWOlCd ineffectual. Holland With Polish troops the Czinad- fell m four day's. inns took Abbevillc Sept. 4 and _'I'he NQZlS overwhelmed the Bel- British troops of the ls‘. Cillliitllfllhllfln fort. Eben Emael. and rushed

apfllfgd Le llavrc a week their columns across the vaunted

l)

Norway and Denmark

On April 0. i940. the war broke 011i Wl h fill its fury. l-l’tler’s troops llli-‘tfd into Denmark and invaded 0l‘\\'fl.\’ by son niizl riir. A few goose. military

s1 N stcpyiiiig soldiers and a

t . ' ' l - Cmqdmns an band marched in and took Oslo.

lowest and south

Battle of France.

years v'i“* Wlatives or friends. SUBS GO-T (Continued-from ylfggei)‘

up of a few corvette: and Bantifll" class minesweeper; like Weyburn, Charlottetown, Drummondville. Vegrevillo and Cliedabucto; conver- ted yachts such as Elk and Raccoon: and the little Fairmilcs, then mflklu! l their debut.

They were always at sea except when refueling or getting the miti- imum of repairs necessary to keep them moving. Week aitewweek they ran the convoys from Rimouski. Que. to syoncyN. s . and wick again, with attacks developing some- times in the river itself, and some-

c. platforms. 111011

. After crossing the Somme Albert Canal near Mnastricht. River, the Canadians cleared thei In three_days German tanks sur- Pas de Calais department with its] itriscd the rrencnscized Scdari and hundreds of robot-bomb lnunchinzflvefe 186111;! f0!" U10 31121511 0111311-

struck mm geplncl, with fleets of motorcyclists Dixmude and 3 spreading,’ l'ii‘c and terror aliefid of

B. Zoo-t the armored detachments. The Germans reached the Channel at beville on v_May___21 and‘ King ... . . U.-. .__-.

plum. ccipturin; Oostciicie ioilmde‘ Selti» e and then Brutlsc iBfugesyi e end of September Can- y forces also were flgili-i

lng in the Antwerp arch.

;9°1_"i11"'~?d_°11_ Pese- .1.

v- , _ _ . jiiig the last night months before zn-Dny intensive combined-opera- _ noiiions ifllifllll" prepared them for

After iflklfi? Bmllvgnc Sepi- ~ zoppcserl landing on ' an enemy and Calais Oct. l. the Cvfllllldiilnsibcach. A dozen practice assaults fouslit for 11w greatest P1119 0i all [acre made in a stretch of rm:- -thc P0" "f §9i“'e"li~ Bmishflzinds shoreline; - -_ armored columns had entered the. when the firs; 5,3541“, Con. 01W in September’ and cflfll’ Wjtlngent landed in i939 they went October 0111111110115 Ylflilfed ihc into trainiright Aldershot. prepar-

Atiack On Antwerp

for Csnsd an par- , "ollewed

sued and this ended Feb. a when

an offensive southeast oflvijm - fighting men. well

service force. veterans of Kiska and Italy ok part like blows August ed out Oermsn defences in the

forces

units shared in the initial ‘oper- stlons.

The above victim IMWI llll Msiesty Kins George ~ W. B. Wrfnch. Immediately hchind are Major Gen- vl- Muslim's‘ I fiellailflv- llt $11M!“ Carlie ei-si Roberts. and Lieut. General McNaughton. Stand- silmhr ‘a M“, "mu ‘n n‘ “my in; in front of the troops, facing Ilia Majesty, is "h" “"""' "mm" i“ m‘ °°"“'“" w'“‘“' Capt. w. r. Bsridqter, Protestant chaplain. ‘

beside Ills Majesty is the commanding officer Lt. Col. __ __ _ _ _‘ -—-——-—“ ‘ 1 firms... fighters win- 5:57am

for some weeks isms Elite - . - at h Domin. n European force "pun-ad aw" 2° “d can“ which. vill Cifllglfllild its "round the

‘ ' world" moi-ch This force may be Mf."‘:‘,?',:“',,°,i°."i§ gwfltfifg moved to an Indian operational

he long snd co bottle for dom- “Me 11-119 l» 11-184 81m" l" 13nd °P°l" nation of the lielde Btuary stiona through Burma and chins

_ or an amphibious ‘ skirt/iii! period of static warfare en-

from Pflflé i)

(Continua dian airmen are well-estab. shed as fighters and bombers. Canada also provided military equipment and war nweriai to China and Australia for Pacific operations.

Vancouver and the Pacific coast pom are ready now to assume s role similar to that of Halifax and Atlsntc not-ts in mcelnr the need for supplies in the Pacific.

Signs of Canadian preparedness for the Pacific campaign are the housing administration's survey of the Pacific coast bred in anticipation of an influx of war personnel. naval construe ion and base installations, and Munitions Minister ‘Rowe's dec- lsrst“ that gasoline restrictions will continue mi the west coast so that bunker fuel may be available for increased naval action. Two Canadian-manned and‘ ‘Herod aircraft carriers were fitted out there in January. i944