w”

l?-

ANIMAl g IIUSBANERY

TM consideration of another my breeder mifht be worth ‘we, even though his situation . my be somewhat different than m, o; guy farmer in this province m that he has the use of a feed ' t mixer and thereby has the advanl "time of mixing his feed according w his own fo:mula. On account of the labor costs he does not grow mots but favours feeding ensi age

III! :- c»

mania‘

v

- a inst gluten meal and does ' izglcfigeglflfl in his ration at all. In _ his formula he includes. only the 3 “d, he has m purchase having his vwtqro of oats and barley ground

Wrately, m mixing it, with the

_ mm feed at th time of feeding. I-Ie

'"-' pefers this plan, as it enables him

‘(to increase or 480N080 U10 811111 1"

a pm mixture for any animal at any rgtme, The mixture which he has

I prepared in the mill and its feed- m; analysis is as follows:

Amount 400; ingredient oil cake; protein 3s per cent; fat c per cent.

Amount 400; ingredient b.an; protein l2 per cent; fat 3 per cent.

mount 40o; ingredient cotton good meal; protein 43 per cent; fat o per cent. .

Amount 400; ingredient distillers grains; protein 35 P61’ 00m; "'4 5 per cent.

Amount 400; ingredient horniny; protein 10 per cent; fat 8 per cent.

Amount 125; ingredient molasses; protein 8 p91‘ 0011i;

Amount 30; ingredient bone meal;

Amount 15; ingredient iodine salt;

Amount 15; ingredient charcoal;

This mixture would aggregate 2,- 125 pounds o." feed and 60 pounds ct mineral matter. It is considered very satisfactory for mineral con- tent, and the feed part of it would run slightly over 24 per cent in pro- iein. At previling prices this mix- ture would cost about $30 per ton.

. The owner crushes oats and barley ‘in about the ratio of 2 to 1 and then feeds three parts oi grain to one of the mill mixture. If the mixed grain will average i2 per cent protein, this would give a mix‘

.. h

ture for feeding of 15 per cent pro- tein and about 3.75 per cent of fat. If a mixture oi oats and barley, such as this is worth 820 per ton, then a ton of this mixed iced ready for feeding would cost $22.50. About 15 pounds of this mixture per day is fed to the cows in two feeds. This of course would vary under special circumstances. millage and alfalfa are fed as roughage by the owner, who is par- ticuiarly skiiful in curing aifalfa bay. He keeps it from the hot noon-day sun and has solved the (problem of retaining all the leaves and storing it in the barn. to come out with the most appealing green color one would wish to see.

When putting alfalfa in the barn it is sprinkled with salt, which ab- sorbs some of the moisture and gives the hay an appetizlng taste. ~About one gallon of salt is used .on each load and this salt on the hay and that included in the meal dllilitllfé, is the only salt fed to these cattle while in the stable.

. The cows are fed a light feed oi ;alfalia' thg first thing in the mom- ing about 6 o'clock, and as they cat it the milking is done. After milking, each cow is given about ‘half a bushel oi ensilage with her Jncal ration on it. At 12 o'clock ‘noon, the cows are fed alfalfa again and after the evening milk- ..lng are given ensllage and meal as ylu the morning. They are given no further feed until the following ‘nnomiug.

The owner has another ration which he uscs as a supplement for his cows on test, and which he al- ‘80 foods to his calves. ._'I‘l'iis is a ‘Tlnorc bulky feed, as it, contains but ‘pulp, and it is not so strong in concentrates as the first feed, con- sequently it can be used in addi- iicn to the other ration to stimul- alc mi'k production, without danger lo the cow's digestion.

' This mixture consists oi:

i, i0001be. oats and barley at about f. o 1. -

. 100 lbs. cf oil cake. 100 lbs. cotton seed meal. _ 500 lbs. bran. 500 lbs. dried beet pulp. z 125 lbs. molasses. 30 lbs. bone meal. l5 lbs. charcoal.

tstcsuns1o‘ . -

“Ivor: FARMERS

' 1 m} molasses instead. He has a pre-i,

Gare‘ and Breeding U1 D1'00li cows (Experimental Ivarms Note)

At the Dominion Experimental Sta-ac... ruederlcwn, New Bruns- wick, the brood sows are housed

g .n portable caolos all year except ‘ior a Donou from a week or ten

days before farrcwlng until the pigs '

are weaned. A three year rotation ' of rape, oats seeded, and clover is , carries on in tne-nog paddocks and [this provides a continuous supply ' of glcen feed throughout the sum- . mer. The object in feeding is to ‘K8613 the sows in a thrifty condi-

tion. They shoud not be allowed to become too fat or too thin. my fl-N very thin after the pigs are weaned. they are fed well until a normal woikht is reached. If p.-nty of green feed is available, about four pounds of mixed grain D91’ sow pol‘ clay is usually sufficient no _eep herlln good ufllldlflfl.“ when nursing a litocl, the sow is fee all sno will clean up. This amount will vary from 6 to l2 pounds daily for different sows.

The grain mixture for the sows‘ varies at times, owing to the na- ture of the feed on hand- A satis- factory mixture consists‘ of equal parts oi ground oats, ground barley and middllngs. The barley may be omitted for sows in good condition and unless suitable mineral and protein supplements are provided, it shoul’ be omitted during the last month before farrowing. The nursing sow should receive at least two pounds oi skim-milk per pound cf grain or fish meal or tankagc at the rain of 8 per cent of the ration.

Mlfllels are always provided for winter feeding and are fed at the rate of about 2 pounds per 100 pounds live weight per day. Clover hay is supplied in racks. If potatoes are fed to brood sows, they should be fed oubr an ly during nrcrnancy. Al. this time it is advis- able to feed fish meal at the rate of_sbout 8 per cent of the ration, if no skim-milk is available. Bone char and salt are each rec at the rate of one per cent of the ration at all times. ~ '

Canadian Dressed Poultry

Maori: AND INCREASING surr-

MENTS TO BRITISH ISLES.

There has been an exceptionally scod market for Canadian dressed Poultryinthc British Islw this- year. From January 1. to Sepionrber 30, 1935, I- total d! 2,381,166 pounds of chickens, turkeys, fowl. ducks, and sense have been shipped from the Dominion. compared with a total of 832.000 pounds for the correspond- ind nine months of 1994. and 4,375 for the similar nine months

0f this year's shipments. 1.680.750

pounds were chickens, 570.025 Pound! were turkeys, 30,240 fowl; 47,800 pounds ducks and 2500 pounds loose. The British Isles im- Dort about 45,000,000 lbs. of poultry and. according to officials of the Poultry Service, Live Stock Branch, Dominion Department of Agricul- ture. Canada has never had a Ereater opportunity than at pre- sent to get a share of that market. As a result of the increased volume of poultry exported from Canada pricu have advanced to Canadian p. duoers. If, however, Canada desires to " to hold the British market, more attention must be paid to |ll duclng Mllkfed A and B grades. The majority of poultry that has been exported has been Selected B and O grades. the two lowest commercial grades. Re- ports received by the Dominion De- partment oi Agriculture from Great Britain would indicate very clearly that better than Selected B and b grades must be shipped if the market is to be held. Thepro- ductlon of Milkfed birds is corn- oaratively easy. All that is required is to crate fatten them from two to three weeks before klllins. 0n a ration of equal parts of ground oats, wheat. barley or buckwheat, mixed with boiled potatoes at the rate. of about one-third of the volume oi meal mixture and then mix with sour milk. The greatest demand for chick- ens in the British Isles is for birds of four pounds and under when dressed. have his cows well bedded so they can be comfortable.

Calves are fed whole milk for three weeks only, and thin gradual-

15 lbs. lodiaed salt. This mixture would h"! a pro- ‘Iflin content o.‘ 13.5 per cent. ‘The ' “Ty beet pulp would add a suc- {culence to ltthat is very important ._vhen cows are on heavy-grain feed. . is farmer's plan is to feed the glint mentioned mlxturg after milk- :ing_ln the morning and also about 14061001! in the afternoon, and feed “tiles latter one at noon and again g p.m., f dons of it to a feed, which would ymske a daily ration of about 15 5:213;- Tnllyiese two rations should l‘ o to hea milking cows ‘on Est/IMF. are ooh’; milked three ' I lily. when both rations are

. lcrs ensllage is used, as the h" we in tot? latter ration will

some ~ he Billlllll.

‘flufeeciingratageonly good Willy alfalfa la used, as the own- ‘! opposed’ to using any ro

1W fed. and__

‘EOULTRY . mi‘

_..: .

o

about two gel- i

"Ibiza" ll HIIICIIIII I-Olilllfi w INIIDQIL.

ly changed to skim ml‘k, feediul 8171.210 one quart of skim milk at a fee .

As a supplement the calves are fed a small quantity of the mix- turs containing the beetpulp. flud are given choice alfalfa ' as well. Th, heifers in the hetd are grown "n a small grain ration, with some of the beet pulp mixture, and are also fed eirilege and good alfalfa.

The amount of grain fed to youns -.att‘e depends upon their condition. The object is to keep them in thrifty growing condition without too much tendency to fatten.

AOBIUUIJIIIR

IIAV‘! YIILDB BOOT!‘ 0111i. Int-A field of maize on an ed farm south-

-t r here, yiidod as bushels w u e21», and an adjoining, field

‘WANTED

AND ' RESSED POULTRY D PAYING

DAILY. CF18.‘

[Dressed Poultry For The Christmas Trade

(Experimental Farms Note) , Thousands of birds are " " ‘i for the Christmas market as dress- od poultry, but, to obtain the high- est prices, most of them should be well finished by the pen or crate method, since the quieter the birds are kept the better the quality of finish. The length of the finishing Period, may vary from two to three weeks, depending on the condition i age and feeding of the birds. '. ' For the finishing work, the sel- ection and grading of the birds ac- , cording to vigour, condition, size.‘ ‘age and sex are extremely impcrt- I ant. It is usuely advisable to dis card the non-vigorous birds and invest extra capital and labour only in those that will return profit. ‘ Before the birdsare placed in the crate for feeding, they should be treated for lice and starved for at least twenty-four hours. It is advisable to administer a dose of laxative to clean them out, in the form of Epsom salts dissolved in water at the rate of one pound to 100 birds. The solution is used for rrfxins the first feed. I The mash should be mixed I2

hours ahead and fed very lightly at the beginning. then gradually increased until the birds get all they can consume in fifteen or twenty minutes at each feeding. A good many mixtures are‘ recom- mended and the two following have given good results at the Domln.on Experimental Station, 01p Rouse. Quebec; (a) equal parts of cornmeal. ground oats and mlddllngs; (b) equal parts of groundwheat, ground oats and groundbarley. To this is added sufficient sour milk to make a bat- ter. Milk is an essential part of the fattening ration, and it may be either sweet or sour so long gg it is constant, but the sour milk 1g recommended.

The importance of proper dress- ing cannot be over-emphasized. in killing and preparing poultry for market the birds should be starved for at least 24 hours before being killed, have access to clean drink- ink water, be properly bled so that no blood remains lnthe extmmlt. ies, be llndrawn with the not“! and feet left on, be dry plucked although a. few feathers may be left around the head, be dry c001. ed, with feet and vent clean, all blood removed from the mouth, and the crop empty. It is prefer- able that the heads should be wrapped. Al! the body heat should be out of the bird before packing, and every‘ care should be taken to keep poultry from freezing be- for-e it is delivered.

l.....~;».-...j P5515

Golonizine Birds

A novel experiment in adding to the bird population of a sanctu- srv is being made at Wilson's pro- mortar-y. Australia. '

In a large open-air aviary built on a ilrassy site,_m.any-colored par- rots will lre kept for some weeks: then liberated. It is hoped that they w'll remain l». the vtcinjgv of the chalet, ard next season rear broods in gum tree hollows. If the experiment is suc-essfu‘, other kinds of parrots will be domiciled in the same way in the great National Park-Ate area is 101,- 000 acres.

Lvre-birds and bower-birds have been introduced there, and the Promontory has more than 100 resident or vi=iting species of native birds. Emus have increased. The mammals include Wallabies. wombats. opossums. bandicnots, and other marsupials.-Australian Press Bureau.

Rusted ‘lfheat Ftir Seeding Purposes

0n account of the wheat rust epidemic in the prairie provinces manv farmers will be obliged to use wheat as seed which has been more or less injure" bv this disease. Many badly rusted samnlea have already been tested 1n the labora- tories of the Seed Branch, Domin- ion Dznartment of Agriculture st Winnipeg. Saskatoon and Calgary. Germination tests show that even very poor, shrurkcn kernels are capable of nroduchg seedlings, but those Beodiiws are weak and SwfldIY. It rrruld be remembered that germinaflcn »ondi"ons in the laboratory are practically ideal, and that very many of the weak . seedllvus will not survive in the fields partlculary is soil moisture i and temperature ccndiflons are not, favourable at the time of seeding. Owing to the size of the rusted kernels there are very many more - per bushel than in normal plumb wheat. 'I‘his means that in spite cf injury rustrd seed will give a good - stand. However, the seedlings will be weak and subject to the attacks of root lots and similar diseases. Badly shrivelled seed should not be treated with formaiin for the control of smuts; instead copper car natc or one of the dusting materials recommended should be

used.

muted cereals should be well cleaned so that the heavier kernels are uszd for seeding.

‘Canadian Factory

. The number of dairy factories in operation in 1034 was 2.062. Oom- llriaed in that number were 1.281

decrease from I033 of

. factories, an increase i6: and 21 . concentrated

\

"rm: cuanrorrrtrowu GUARDIAN

. STOCK BREEDERS

AND GRNRST

é

NEWSY

. AN nvoamous nasrasca

Prometheus, whom the ancient Greeks honored as the demlgod who first stole fire from heaven, we did a cood thine! m llamas who have bcnefitted by this tr-ud. ltional audacity, have not pqfhgpg used his invention to the best pur- poses in their heating mange. mouh. as tlm ensuing notos will endeavor to show. In Britain the °P9u fireplace allows great part of the heat tc escape by way of the vhlmuoy. and only a fraction re- mains to warm the room. m that comparatively mild climate this is notsuchan objectionable ieatumof the heating IsFl-Ilflfllflfini‘ “it mum be in this country. The" closed range utilises a far greater percentage of the heat generated; in fact the ordirfary home is much too warm for health, and six months or so of our over-heated chambers must have a distressing e.fect on the nervous system. As a rule. the cellar is cool, for the storage of vegetables, and hence the coldest part of the room is the floor. Unless the doors are close- flttlng the ln-draught will accent- uate this coldness, while at the samg time -the air above may be '10 degrees F. or more. "Keep the feet wann and the head cool" is an old saying dlllllcult to apply under these circumstances.

Our histories lay stress on the military prowess of the ancient Bo- mans, who were, however. as Ereat in the arts of peace as tdiey were. u. those of war. Britain, at the' time of the Roman conquest, had a cold. raw, climate, bred of the vast swamps and forests that cov- ered the land. To the, legions, ec- customed to the sunny skies of Spain, Italy, and Africa, the fog, rain and snow 6f Northern Brit- ain must have set-med like "a night- mare." Oine of the Roman ‘poets, Florus. made a skit on the Enrper- or Hadrian, thus: .

"Eglo nolo Caesar ease,

Ambulare per Britanncs, Scythicas pati pruinas."

meaning: "I would like to be. Caes- ar (Hadrian) rambling among the Britons, content with Scythian frosts.’

The Roman architects econ, in- vented a method of heating, at once simple, effective and ingen- lous, in which the heat came up through the floor. When the walls of a room reached a certain height, a number oi short pillars were erected at intervals in the eh- closed space: the pillars being either solid stones, or built up _._of thin tiles, according as either win at hand. Then flat flagstones were laid on the top of the pillars, and. the whole space sealed in with a_ smoke-tight, air-tight, covering of concrete. If t v owner was a wealthy man. he ad a further stratum of mouaic, in beautiful designs of colored stones. In one corner of the outer walls an opening was left, communicating with the space un- der the floor and in thLs o nlng a fire was maintained, the eat of which circulated under the floor and warmed the rooms. Thus the feet, "which are farthest from the heart, and likely to be coldest," got the benefit o." the heat first. Per- haps engineers may yet strike out a plan‘ in which concrete floors, with enclosed iron pipes to carry the heat, will give some oi the com- fort of those old days.

LEGENDS OI‘ THE SKY (5)

L

t

f

6

0

e

Next m P1503; (stIII In the Cass- iopeia quarter of tho sky) are the two Zodiacal groups known as Aries (The Ram) and Aquarius (tho water-carrier): one on either side of Pisces. The stars in these two constellations are not 0118M. b9- ing mostly of the fourth magnitudo: two only (both in Arias) being 0f second magnitude. There is little. lherefor-e, to hold our ttention as stargazen, but before , ins 0R- lt may be well to note that, in the almanac for 1986. will be found under date of March 21st, a mate- ment that the "sun enters Aries and Spring M81553’ TW° tmmmd years ago such a statement would have been abzolutely true, but ow- ing to a slow chance the 5911M I! now ushered in by the sun actual- lys entering Pisces on the 21st of March. Astronomers. uQyori-hf-‘lw- have agreed to let the~‘0id 1.095‘ mark" stand, and that is why. l" the almanac, the sun is slid i0 enter thatbsigu mummy ‘m m‘ 10th of Fe ruary- ‘

Finally, bfow the ecliptic. W! under Pisces. we have the noun known as Cetus (Th6 W001” Th‘ whale consists of film 95nd?“

tars in two curved lines. one ima- ‘nd flfle Qhoft, IITB-UIQd the mm, o; .. chair with the back mi- ing backward. They m I11 °1 third magnitude or perbllis I 11m‘ brighter. The second star from m‘ top of the "chair is Mira.- wondgrful-SO-Cl-Ildd because it ‘wll m, first variable m: to be discov- cred. When it i. orishwt it- " W" second magnitude; then it fog: till it is quite cut of llsht 1M u" on]; be seen by teieloolii- m _ seventeenth century Mira once l‘! mained "invisible for 1W1‘ 790m so that astronomers think that b variation is not due to oolilli- Y . wmpmton gt“, but ID IONS ‘T. oullarity in the constitution cf atar itself." Next week, if alkuml well, we shall lnvlliilli,‘ “l! '19‘ on; quarter" cf the s8!-

buto my quota of prais. to those thoughtful people, the Board Directors, who are making i; pos- sible for the young folk to spend

for the next three months, at least. A bobby. taken up in the morning of life, will, in nine cases out of .en. remain with its lucky possessor, to cheer him or her when the even-. ing shadows begin to fall. I know whereof I ppeak, since I. can well remember coaxing grandfather to let me have a plot| of land for my very own; and not. only did he do that but gave me a Attic south room above the hall- way, so that I could cultivate plants