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v.

l;

l»! ll “i it. u 1y

Ivodlnll. luau-dot. i. ohm-v l. nun. a‘): o.

' ' ‘ . .' . . .| "'“',........““m....""'"i.‘&’i‘?'.u.' il’3"i‘.'ol'.fl..

Admiral-pa‘!!! I; .12 “halite-donned,- all Ulhll. Itali-

TUIIDAY. IIIIUAIY l. 1086.

A Solemn Treaty

prove that the Fathers of Confederation “build- ed better than they knew," and that it may not

now be amended unless or until consent is given by all the parties that merged their sovereignty

or any part thereof in the ConstitutionQ “A prevailing opinion," continues the Guatte, “is that the‘ right which is about to be asked for (of quashing the law of reference to the Imperial Parliament) was actually estab- lished under the famous Westminster Statute of 1926. The question of giving it effect now is one entirely of domestic expediency. Because it involves an enlargement of powers whereby the Constitution can be amended, it is more than ever essential, if the contenlplated action is car- ried out, the provinces shall be alert to safeguard their rights so that the change may not after- "wards be used as the thin end of ‘a wedge to ob- tain freedom from other valid limitations set by the British North America Act, and to assert a “status" which appears to have given some people a somewhat false conception of Canadian nationality. One precedent creates another. In the‘ instance, it is to be hoped it may be taken for granted that the Minister of Justice and his colleagues on this “committee-of study’_'—aware of the danger that when one example is set it can be cited to justify more dangerous methods- will make assurance doubly sure that in new powers that may be proposed to amend the Con- stitution not one shall be elastic to be possibly stretched to give to the Dominion Parliament some time an authority to amend the Constitu- tion at will. “The provinces need to stand, now and ever, immovable against any change which would tend to weaken the provision that commands their united consent to any and every amendment to the Constitution which may be proposed. The late Sir GEORGE Ross, a former Premier of On- tario, in his book, ‘The Senate of Canada,’ makes an illuminating study of the Constitution which is pertinent to the present study. He stresses one pregnant fact. It is that- the British North America Actis a treaty. Its provisions, there- fore, may not be regarded as though they were a matter of mere agreement. They have, and should ever have, the force of the obligations of a treaty. Particularly applicable is the re-_ minder that the doctrine of ‘consent’ established under these obligations, ‘stands at the threshold,’ and constitutes the ‘fundamental character’ of the British North America Act. ‘The doctrine of consent, in fact,’ theauthor insists, ‘is the flaming sword of the Constitution that turns every way and forbids progress till consentus clearly established.’ It will be the responsibility of the Hon. Extras-r Laromrs and his commit- tee to see that nothing in the movement now m evolution shall menace the perpetuity of the doctrine of consent as applicable to changes in the Constitution. Even as a. concession to our pride of ‘status,’ we may not lightly abandon the clause of the British North America Act calling for ratification of all amendments there- to by an act of the Imperial Parliament. In no event should it be abandoned unless positive precaution is taken against all possibility of the precedent being interpreted at some future date as constituting a law which may be applied to overrule the other limitations to constitutional change. There is force and right in the contention that whilst the Constitution cannot be regarded as like steel and iron and ‘never change; never- theless it ought not to be disturbed unless there are more than common reasons for doing so. Statesmen will be slow to propose, and legislators will hesitate to pass, any measure which would seem to incur the danger of taking away from the sacredness and the inviolability of the Con- stitution and rendering it liable to future change under stress of party or political exigencies."

Massachusetts Pays Tribute

Of all the tributes paid to the memory of King-GEORGE V. the following is assuredly one of the most significant, fll‘l(l_fl0 doubt expresses the-sentitucnt of our southern neighbors, not only in Massachusetts but in all sections of the Republic;

"State House, Boston, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Journal of the Senate, Jan. 22, r936. Remarks by the President Hon. JAMES G. MORAN : .

“Fellow Members of the Honourable Senate:

“Since the date of our last session, death has

terminated the reign of the sovereign of the

- British Empire, His Majesty. Kl"; George the

Fifth, a reign lasting twenty-six years and chur- aetenred throughout that long penod by high

‘ regard for constitutional government and sin-

_'ou to the welfare of his people.

A weighty editorial comment 0n the pro- posed amendments to the British North America Act appears in the Jan. 3r issue of the Montreal Gazette, which merits the serious attention of legal authorities not only at Ottawa, but of all the Provinces. The Gazette first emphasizes the f_act that the B.N.A. Act constitutes the charter of the Dominion’s rights, privileges and liberties, that a national experience of nearly seventy years under the rule of the Act has served to

framers of our Constitution."

British Ambassador at Washington."

Editorial Notes

aryf ha". orac n,,e i“ a“ a"

one solitary member, ’ 9K 9K 9K

of his_native land. 9K 9K 9E

hitherto the custom has been to collect duty and

vclopment is expected to cost about $4,600,000. Ni its 9E

partment is going to be death on “pot hunters"

at exhibitions, the professional “exhibitor”

who makes a business 0f showing prize stock

share of prizes and blue ribbons, is an unfair competitor to the average farmer. Mr. A. W,

in the Maritime Provinces, who gather up car- loads of stock, disregarding farming operations bring them to the show, and take home all the prizes.” That was no help to the development of practical farming.

All is peace and harmony once more between

5K 9K 3k . Party discipline has been restored at

Portncuf, Que, and the Liberal nominee Dr. PIERRE GAUTHIER has received acclamation as successor of Mr. LUCIEN CANNON’, M.P. Two of the independent Liberals failed to nominate, and the third, the Mayor of St. Augustun, withdrew at the urgent representation of straight party supporters. Dr. GAUTIIIER was defeated in the November 25 provincial election by Bonn Dus- SAULT, Action Liberale Nationale candidate and river pilot. His acclamation will preclude an "invasion” of the county by members of the Canadian Alliance for Women's Vote. Miss IDOLA Sam-r JEAN‘, president, said women were ‘up in arms" against Dr. GAUTl-IIER, because it was his six months’ hoist motion on the Wom- en's Suffrage Bill which killed it at the last ses-

sion of the provincial Legislature. 9K 5K Ii

sought to have his marriage to Eveum Rrccs, Catholic, annualled because the officiating clergy-

man, Rev. LACHLAN A. MACLEAN, minister of the United Church of Canada, was non-Catholic.

His Lordship added that “a person who does not believe in or adhere to rules promulgated by

the canon law of this province, and who belongs to a religions sect which combats it on each oppor- tune occasion, may not reasonably avail himself of it in his own interest (Iarsqne son interet la

commando) ." 3K If BK

or mo. no amt-run fir‘ w-s-I so north" which I

time within the ancient landmarks set by the

At the request of the President, the Senate then stood for a moment in silence. On ‘motion it was voted "that the remarks of the President be printed in the journal of the Senate; and that an engrossed copy thereof be forwarded to the

We are getting January weather in Febru-

If We do not get what we are entitled to in the way of public works and subsidies it is not because we have not sent the Prime Minister sufficient support-four members of the House of Commons and three Senators. In both the Legislature of the Province and the Parlia- ment of Canada, the opposition is represented by

magazine and the Jam and mm; matches around too recklessly 1n that re- gion. Ibo Ruastaua profess to re- gard Outer Mongolla l. a. barrier between Siberia and the Japanese 1n Manchukuo. The Japanese pro- fess to regard 1t as a Russian spear- head almed at Munohukuo. the Mongollan; think appllently dots not matter and maynot uouut for much lf there la a clash.--I.on-

After putting through a deal to advertise a brewery by a. beery stallion, and promising the Temperance Federation delegation “most ser- ions consideration” of their protests against the laxity of law enforcement, the President of the Council (plus legal Premier) hies himself ofi to sunny Florida to escape the rigors of the winter

Canadian commentator-l at the present ttme are xemarklng on the fact that two men 1n one country are holding the important l of provincial premier at an. early age. Here 1n Ontario, Hepburn 1s but 89 years old ‘and the recently ‘chosen Premier for Prince Edward Island his reached his 40th year. An English newspaper records the fact that the Brltlsh House of Commons has member-Mr. Malcolm MacMlllan, representing the West- ern Isles, aged 22. Cklng still fur- ther examples of the entry o1’ youthful men lnto the august: as- semb‘y, the writer asurcs his read- ers that Mr. Macmillan once would have been accounted a. senior for, "In the days of James II, the Commons Included as many as 40 minors, several of them under 17. Lord Tasrlngton, afterwards the Duke of Albennarle, was only l4 when he not only lat but spoke f0 1n the House and with plquant .llp- pansy. Taunfecl by an opponmt with prezumlng to legislate before he had sow-n his wlld oats, he re- p‘led that he could conceive of no better place for the purpose than tho House of. Commons, where there were so many geese to pick them up."—I.ondon Free Press.

The Roosavrstr Government has introduced an innovation and created a precedent by estab- lishing a free port at Stapleton, Staten Island. A free port, technically known as a foreign trade zone, is a place where goods may be received from abroad, processed and reshipped from the United States without payment of duties. Free ports are historic in Europe but‘ they have never been established in the United States where

pay drawbacks on re-export entries. The city of New York may build a seven-storey warehouse at a cost of $3,500,000, and the entire initial de-

Evidently Nova Scotia Agricultural De-

at all the Maritime fairs, carrying ofl.‘ the lion's

McKenzie, agricultural superintendent told the N. S. Farmers Association that: “We have men

A rcader of the New York sun who has been a motorht; slnoe the beginning of the twentieth century has submitted to that newspaper nine ample rules for alsty which are well worth passing along. In brlef they are as rallows: drive on the right-hand side-of the road. Go slow on oulves. When go. lng up hill on hlgh, cut otf and float ovu- the crest ready {or a qulck :top. Never cu. on. of line to pass a cur uness you are sure of ample room. Never pass 0n a hlll or a curve. Slow down for sl"e- roads and crossroact. Never nun your head while drlvlng. L’ the other pazengers enjoy scape. Slow clown as 1t gets dark and keep below thirty miles an hopr after datle-Provldencg Jour- na .

Dr. RIDDELL, League of Nations Permanent rep- resentative, and Prime Minister KING. The doc- tor has been in Ottawa and has explained satis- factorily to the Prime Minister the incident about oil sanction proposals which created such a stir throughout the country a few weeks ago. It is officially stated the episode which resulted in the Government issuing a much-criticized statement was due to a misunderstanding. Dr. RIDDELL will shortly return to Geneva and will continue to occupy the position he has filled for several years. Meanwhile no information has been vouchsafed as to whether Dr. Rumour. or Hon. Mr. LA- POINTE was the blunderer,

The bigger the olty, the gllllfl- the things it. doec. flpparently New York 1s at present wsglng a m; In the 811mm: Court at ssoo a day to recover damages amount. 1113 l0 844 for a lamp post broken in o. traffic accident. 'I‘he pos smashed ln I931. and the Incident forsotten by a'l but the litigants. No doubt the explanation is that "1t ls the principle of the thlng."-

An example of bow Eastern men have contributed to the building up of the Western provinces ls con- talned 1n the birth peg Free Press. Congrat- attended to 51x prom- bans. but not one of them ls r. nstlvo son. One hulls from Nova. Scott». one from Prlnoe Edward Island, and th, other four 11mm Onttarlo. The fneldenoe of _ _ rsolel orlzln-lf nam A Protestant married to a. Catholic before a. thins-also 1s no Protestant minister in the Province of Quebec, cannot complain of the competency of the offic- iating clergyman and ask the civil court to annul his mixed marriage on the ground the ceremony should have been performed by a Roman Catho- lic priest, Mr Justice Foaasr has ruled in Super- _ ior Court. The judgment re j e cts suit, may

first of its kind ever raised in the Province of Quebec, by which Geonce Garrrrrus, Protestant,

toworthy.‘ Them la a MaoKey, a McLean, a. McKenty and a Graham-Stunt John Tele.

Englishman moving Canada was staying 1n a wayside hotel. One night lt no very cold, and the tourist feellng 1t pretty . came downstairs early next morning to get warm. At the some time a trapper. who had been out looking at his trope, came 111.“? the door. Iclcles were hanging from his moustache, and with u pltyln; expression the Erlgllsbman looked at hlm and exclaimed: "By Jove, 01d mm, what room dld you sleep fnW-News of the World. ' —§i—d_

Time was when the dldnotthlnkofsmoklngenyklnd of plpe except a. "clay." pfpes have become cheaper, the cli- arette has helped to 1n¢ habits, 511d most pl would think 1t "obealftn be seen with the old-fuhloned clay. Glasgow there 1s '1 nrm, 130 yuan "l"°" s" “as. ca. an coy ppes l. year, u . . o these belng exported. Many ‘ to Canada, for a r:-

Italy is learning to make her creditors work for her in spite of prohibitions. A long list of import prohibitions recently issued by Austria is believed by Austrian merchants to be design- cd to assist Austrian exports of war ‘materials and other necessities to Italy and to obtain pay- ment which Italy is unable to make. Austria's frozen credits in Italy are reported .to amount to Ggopopcllo schillinga. Austrian imppréelrrltap- ‘ or icenses to irn goods w r ay gltzificer find themselvespiéaftied‘ with retpsal uu- m lees they order from Italy. Sums’ thus obtained are, not ‘transferred to Italy, butuuder the penluioutthunearolnndedovurttmzatrialllyd

5 s

, . , _ Y *0 90' e uni-tartar; = iflpofidh l3 u:

r

lonalnwrreroww l GUARDIAN if Notes By The Way

_.__

The portrait o: Ml‘. which ‘Lady Gladstone ented to the Prime Mlnlater of Canada. 1s a. cow or the famous Mlllals 1n the national Gallery. Thls picture once belonged to tbo Duke of Westmlnster, who turned 11a face to the wall when It; sub- ject introduced the Home Rule Bill. It was another peer of the ume who refused-to per-nut a memorial tablet on Mr. Gladstone’: muse ln Carlton House Gardens. These victorious may have been grand old men, but they behaved curiously llke children sometlmes.—~ IIOR, DUIIQGM-‘Iflblfi? 1n London Obeerv '

Qlillat flab? . of

yours

Pv Jszlsl w- P212".- lav--

to grow.

older brother was less dlssatlafled.

nourishment.

You can see that with a short body, narrow chest, small lungs, and a good generousfood supply neces- sary to maintain strength. 1f his small intestine ls short he may not get enough nourishment to fight ofI uug ailments ln which food 1s 1m- portant.

On the other hand, the long bod-

lonl; intestine, may out; so much more than he needsfor the llttle bl.

may readily attack hlm.

Remember, lung troubiedn the short. body, and heart, bloodvessel, Jver and kidney trouble 1n the long body doesn't; need to occur when

Electric Music ' (New York Tribune) Selective evolution works ln

biology. Back of the present pianos, organs or instruments of the orchestra are ghosts of thousands which have had their day and lost:

strange-shaped serpents, he hund- reds of klnds of plpes as far back as Hero's water organ or the uncl- ent. plpes of Pan. A slmllar evolu- tlon will choose and perfect, we Lmaglue, the newest klnd of musl- cal Instruments worked by electri- clty and radio. One family of these uses electric vibrations ln radio tubes themse w.» a taming of the howls stlll sometimes ldulged in by radio sets. Another type ls based on modifying electrically the sounds of ordinary plano strlnis. Still a third type makes sounds by passing tiny light beams through holes 1n M01"!!! opaque dlsks and feedtng "1080 ChOPPeG-up rays Into phofo-

successful. we gather, are the stlll different eleetrle organs worked by tlny electric motors reversed and run u drmemos.

The idea. ls lngenlons- Driven by electricity of a. constant fre- quency. these small mocora run at accurate rates and drive electric cloclu. Turned around and driven mechaulca-lly at dlflnfte speeds, the sauna mot work as dynsmos and yleld electric currents of def- lnlte pitches. Passing these 61h‘- rents Into a loud speaker gives musical tones of the same pitches as the currents. mu, however,

1s not all the problem.

tones an not pure vibrations". On the contrary,‘ any‘ acceptable tone

produced by musical instruments

contains many pitches culled over- tones which provide the tone color and the pleaslng quality. Deslgn-

ers of the electric organs must

arrange to provide these over- tonu. to rmln a. number of their tlny dyuamos for every tone, one

dynamo to slng the fundamental,

the others for the needed over-

tones .

To provide as many different tone colors as an ordinary organ

however, another , resource. By modern acoustic instruments sound may be changed lnto wavy lines gap‘: phpthrspb, not unlike the

ll it; iggigi g § i? g it é

ggrg. s; ii gs ssliiii ti’

sag s.

THE LENGTH OI‘ Till BODY

‘No brothers were being examin- ed by the family pbyslclan, thelr ages being 18 and 10. The younger boy was about an inch taller than the older, and the older asked the physlclau 1f he thought be would grow any more as he didn't llke being the shorter. Beatdes, the younger one would lfkely contlnue

The pbyslclau had them both slt. down and see thelrhelghts 1n the mlrror. The older one was more than one Inch taller than the younger brother. "There ls the ans- wer," smiled the physician, "You resemble your father's family who had long wide bodles and short legs, and your brother resembles your mother's family who were lean, and lanky. You should be the stronger: physically because you will have plenty of room for your heart and

law-makqu. finding themselves 1n

tously‘ ‘eotedbybhevlrluof their

like late-crust. made but to be broken.

m: war "mmouon ‘I'll I ‘ woons _

Theyehutthrmud throlllh i110 700d!

“f "'7 “hmm” mum” :1‘; have lmdone 1t

“n! unnmsdm s11’- " ould m- know " cumstancu 1n Jilly last, our thirty %Enmy°&; . ma‘: ghmugl; ms

woods a. position to ebvern unoppwd W!‘ 5;; use planted the trees. five years, huv; become quite ur- n lffflum’

in the Wplllbfl and. heath,

own potency. Being 1n an unohnl- And the thln anemones.

lengeable position on the floor of Qnly the keeper sees

tho House m- such s lengthy per- not, where the 1111x410" "0061. fod why uerclse restraint? Polltl- And the badger rolls at can. cal-promises they well knew were Them wuonce a. road thrclllh l!“

woods.

Since a Prohibition Oomlnlaalon Yet. 1111mm“! w‘ "001

had necessarily to bear some semb- 01’ I 5mm" "will? I'm

and was ‘thus more or less of a nuisance to honest gentlemen who

dlctlon. the quite obvious thlng to

lungs lri the chest, and also plenty of room for your stomach, liver, and intestines 1n the "omen." .'I'he

It ls an interesting fact that the lndlvldual wlth the short body and long legs Ls more llkely to have a tendency to lung weakness-tuber- culosls-because of his narrow chest. Unfortunately also hls small intes- tine, the tube which receives the food from the stomach and prepares it. for absorption lnto the blood, ls often a number of feet shorter ln length than ln the Individual with an average or long body. This means that more food should be eaten or rather that meals should be eaten more often to supply

Thus two fndlvlduals of the same hplght." one wlth a short and the o..her wltb a long body might; have the short body having 20 feet of small Intestine and the other 30 et '