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PAGE FOUR IIIE . GIIIILIITTETIIIII GIIIRIIIMI

for s. Channel tunnel, noticeably more favored on'the French than on the British side. Yet, so far a: through traffic would be concerned, British rolling stock could, because 0f the gauge,

e

Inning Dally (handed In III) I|fl|fl : W. Chile! l Ill-In Vfenethwantfi. I. Ilflll“. IJ-l. Ieensnryx Uent. Col I). A. Mneilnnnli. lllter and BINGO!

4-,"; Edi“ : Frank Waller and gene“ 2.0.1111 (On Aellve iierfleel

‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than

the Weakest Ink.’ 15955325 ii

The Fire Menance Forest fires have been playing havoc in the neighboring provinces, a fact which is attribut- nblc chiefly to tl1e unusually dry spring, and also in part, undoubtedly, to luuuaiv carelessness. Last vcar no fewer than 14,400 tires, costing the nation almost two million dollars and in- volving many tragedies, deaths and hardships, were recorded hv the Dominion Fire Prevention - '5 " ion under the title ‘smokers’ careless- ucs " Altogether in 1943 Canada had 47.594 fires. and the cost ivas set at 531404.710. .\l:tn_v of these fires, of course, can he labelled as strietlv ttccitlcuizil. hut a crinfitial llllllll)Cl' of titer-Rt... due entirely to carelessness and thouglitlessncss. .-\t the annual conferences of the Dominion Fire Prevention Association and the Association of Canadian Fire .\lZIl’SllZll>, hcld in \\'innipeg. onc prominent conclusion was reached. T'hc_v both sires-ed thc need for [iublic education in the mgny ways to prevent fires. 'l'hc_v were kind in using the word ctlticatiou; what they meant was g constant reminder was needed to fell our citizens not to be reckless in their smoking ha- bits, and not to be negligent in dealing with elec- trical and ltcating equipment. It is not 111t1cl1 to 35k of thp people, for the loss and the tragedy oi fire does not llSllZlll_\' fall upon the prevcnfers. or the fire-fighters, but upon the very individ- uals who found it so easy t0 be careless.

Veterans’ Allowances

The announcement by the Pensions Minister, Hon, Ian Mackenzie, that the Government has decided to increase the allowances payable to discharged members of the armed forces pend- ing the absorption of these fully into industry, will be received with satisfaction by returned men and their friends. The allowances pay- able hitherto have been rather meagre. especial- ly when contrasted with the sums earned by people engaged in war industries.

The original order-in-council, P.C. 7633, pro- vided that a discharged person undergoing vocational training or completing a course at n university might be paid $I3 a week if inar- ried or $9 a week if unmarried. Similar pay- ments were authorized ‘in the case of persons awaiting returns from private enterprise or agriculfurc.

Some time ago, the sums payable were in- creased to $44.20 a. month for a single man and $62.40 for a married man. Now the al- lowance goes up again. but this time there ap- pears to be a differentiation. A single man tintlcrgoing vocational or university training will get $60 a month and a married man $80, while the single man awaiting returns from his farm or business will receive $50 a month and the married n1a11 $70. Persons temporarily incapacitated \\ill he on this latter basis.

Anothct- ordcr-in-councfl places wives and widows of pettsioned veterans of the First \\'orld \\'ar on a more secure basis. Some of

these had suffered severe hardships through no fault of their own.

The English Channel

Of tremendous interest now are the weather conditions ovcr the Etiglish Channel, that “ditch" (as (Qrouuvcll called if). which must he leaped before the most stupendous landing operations in military history are undertaken. The Ger- mans claim that there have been recent periods of good invasion weather. If the Allies did not scirc thrtsc opportunities it was for strategic and tactical FPflFOllm such as the continuation of the preliminary air attack and the timing of an invasion from the west with Russian blows from the east.

l-lerc from an article in a London exchange. are some interesting facts ab0t1t the English Chauucl and ifs weather problems:

Shakespeare's (jliff at Dover has receded a mile since julius Caesar landed in 55 B.C. The shorts of Chcsil lleach are still expanding. On hoth sides of the "tlitch" the laud l1as the same fcaturcs. The white cliffs of Kent have their counterpart in .\rtrf.s; the rockbound bays 0f Brittany are reproducctl in Cornwall.

At the s0f1ll1\\'1‘st attglc, off the isle of Ushant. it runs 63o fret deep; and for 70 miles. off thc north shore of the Channel islands. lherc flows a stretch of deep water 60o feet and more. East- ward the seas are shallower, 12o to I80 feet in the Strait of Dover, fwo~thirds the height of London's Nelson Column.

The “ditch" is 140 miles across at its widest south of Sitlmotith: 21 at its narrowest, east of Dover. ft covers 23,900 square miles, rough- ly the area of Norway.

All this 1's a tangled, treacherous area of cross- currcnts, tidcs, shallows, sandbanks, and surldctt deeps. It is swept by eight gales 011 the aver- age a year, and two 0f every three breaks in November.

Fine weather in the Channel starts in March.‘ It reaches a climax in May, and ends in Septem- ber. But between November, I803 and Novem- ber, 1804, when Napoleon was waiting to in- vade Britain, there were not six consecutive fine days.

For thrcc days in five the wind blows from the west. 'I‘|ie current flows, parallel Wlllt lhe French shore, from west to east at from one to four miles an hour.

The tides are a study in themselves. In places on the llrilish side flit-re are twn, in some three. every 24 hours. 'l'l1cro are fewer titles .011 llH‘ Continental side, hut the tide rises higher.

l l. l. lnrnetl. u; lJenL Inn a

use French railways, whereas Continental stock would be useless on British railw'ays. The Im- perial Defence Committee rejected the Channel tunnel in 1924.

Three and a half million people made the sea-passage by six routes every year before the war. But the mass transfer of an army is an- other matter. It 1's true that 8,000,000 fighting men were carried in large bodieb-principally from Southampton which has three tides--be- tween 1914 and 1918. There was even a ferry which once took 70o guns across in 48 hours. But neither passage nor landing was disputed.

The most recent successful crossing by an army against opposition was from St. Valery- sur-Sonime to Prevensey between six at night and nine in the morning uf September 27, 1066. William Duke of Normandy succeeded in putting 12,000 men ashore from 696 ships. But the defending fleet had already dispersed, n0 longer expecting his arrival after the Norman ,armament had been held up by a month 0f 11n- broken west wind. And Harold's Saxony Anny had been diverted by a Norwegian attempt to disembark in Yorkshire. And so it arrived af- ter the Normans had effected their landing.

in Tbrbay on November 5, 1688, vrith 11,000 i11- fantry and 4.500 cavalry in 700 transports, is

vasion chances. The landing was not opposed, for the invaders came by invitation.

_lllll'LlS Caesar. having command of the Chan- nel, mustered 80 transports in Boulogne Har- bor and 18 more at Ambleteuse, five miles north, on .'\ugust 25, 55 B.C. Between dusk and mid- night he embarked 10,000 men during the ebb tide. A light following wind and a waxing moon, well into its second quarter, sped him to Deal by midday of August 26.

The Romans landed under cover of the heavy catapults on their warships, but the operation was not successful. The Amblefeuse squadron,

the horses. It missed the evening tide, and when it sailed, on the morning of August 26, the wind changed suddenly to west and carried it back to port. Caesar, unable to advance with- 0t1t his horses, held a precarious beachhead till August 3o.

Napoleon planned to cross 0n the grand scale. One hundred and thirty thousand men of the Grand Army were to sail, in the autumn of 1803, from Boulogne, Amblcteuse, Wimereux and Efaples in 1,300 invasion row-barges. Napoleon hoped to concentrate a fleet in the narrow seas strong enough to command the passage for two days while his barges were row- ed over. But Nelson effectively stopped such a concentration from ever taking place.

EDITORIAL NOTES _

The precedent of William 0f Orange's landing H

even less helpful as a guide to calculating in- in:

carrying the cavalry‘, was too slo\v in loading him

llstes By The lay

putedlv woolly west. w breed a t: minus the tan Time. It

tn of shakes ‘tiatwnmiinfg-g-“Ottswa Citizen.

war cars will be like f-h

"miproveo“ — can't lng the hub

The V’ 111mm.» tlodo

b66811‘: extinct. before 1700 A

ony lixfen says. "We are moving in Sllithtlv exceptional times." This seems to confirm ltls claim to the time of Pam Master of the Art o! Underststcrnent. -— Brantford Ex- oasltor.

Jan Masaryk. Premier-ln-Exlle of Czevhcslovflkla. told a Philadelphia meeting: “I do not recognize any Germans. They tmve sinned too much. We must not be senti- mental." Rlaht A “soff." peace now means another hard war a few yeamsld hence-Stratford Beaccn- etm .

Pte. llnrgrove. now Serif. llnr- grove. author of "Bee Her. Private Hamrove." brought: up an interest- polnf. on "Information, Please" the other night, when he identified the name of the month January with the old Ricman deity Janus. whcrn he said was the god of gates and doors, says The Kansas City Star. Our word “Jeni " t us comes from Janus, the janitor being orfgmslly the dootman. like th French concierge.

Manitoba and its university sus- tam a real loss ln the transfer of Prcsldent Smith to the dual pcsi- tion he will now assume in the University of ‘Ibronfo, Still ftouniz man. with a brilliant nd- mlnlstrattve record to his credit. Dr. Smith has many ytoars ahead of him in which‘ to serve the cause cf hfizher education. He will take wlfli I to Toronto the warm good wishes of Manitoba people, for there ls ln this community n last- ing appreciation pf the fact that he served our university well at a crltiml period ln ff-s hlstoryn-Win- nlpeg Tribune.

not be much glamor about grandma. but. she surely ls war lob '

zine. S-he ha; become a vital

our victory production machine. Up to now. no one has devoted much thought to her. but ff it were not. for granny. sands of married women in war plants would be at home ' the baby and tzeltuig Junior of! to school. instead of setting rivets and dolnz spot welds. The job of rear n brood of modern grand- cnlldren and making a home for them is n0 cinch and grandmother to take it on the chin. At time of life when she deserves to be getting a well-earned rest, after rearing her own brood, she finds herself with a brand-new family

w

Putting the utmost pressure on the, farmer, making him the goat to bear the sins of the Government's mat-administration, is what Mr. Hanson meant when he said in the House of Commons the farmers were rebelling against those who are administering the farm prices regulations, holding the fear of fine and im- prisonment over the people. O i 1F i Richard, Earl Howe, British Admiral, defeat- ed the French off Cape Ushant this date 1794, the day of this victory being long known as “the glorious first of June." Howe saw con- siderable service during the War of the American revolution; and as commander of the Channel Fleet he relieved Gibraltar in 1782 _\vhen that historic Island was heroically defended by Sir (ieorge Eliott (afterwards Lord Heathficld) under siege by France and Spain from 1779 t0 1782. l l! I i There is nothing and nobody to take tl1c place of a boy's dog, says a contemporary. The boy is about 10 to 15 years of age when he needs his pct this way. He talks t0 him as he can- not talk to a human being. He expresses deep, swelling feelings he cannot put in words, by stroking his dog, holding his paw, walking with hint, holding him close. Do let him and his dog enjoy each other for the few brief years they are together. A dog's life is short at best-and, alas, so is the boy’s. I i it i

The 15,000th aircraft to fly the Atlantic since the start of the war landed in Britain this week after a flight from Montreal, it was revealed by the R.A.F. Transport command. The 15,000 figure includes all Atlantic-flying aircraft of all types and from British Canadian and Ijtiifed States stations. The 15,000th flight was made by a Boston medium bomber, flying from Mon- treal to Prestwick, Scotland, with a single stop at Gander, Nfld. The plane was in charge of 23- ycar-old Capt. Leonard R. Eagles of New Lon- don, C0nn., n civilian pilot 0f the R.A.F.'I‘.C. ll I i i

Mr. Harold Bell Wright, who recently passed away", kept the critics writhing and the masses happy for 20 years with his books about love triumphant. The 72-year-old Wright sticcutnh- ed in La Jolla, Cal. A house painter turned preacher, he wrote his first book because the workingmen at Pittsburg, Kan., in 1903 were more warmly welcomed inthesaloon tha11 in the churches. That book was called "That Printer of Udell’s." 1t preached such a strong moral lesson that the critics said it was vapid‘. It was an immediate success. Mr. Wright abandoned the pulpit for the pcn and for two decades t11rn- ed o11t at least one novel a year. They all preached moral lessons, the intellectuals lambast-

ofher books, aside from the Bible, sold so well as his. In rapid succession he turned out such

"The Shepherd of the Hills," “The Winning of Barbara Worth", "The Eyes of the World", "The Recreation of Brain Kent", "Helen of the Old House", “God and the Groceryman" and many another, in all of ivhich the good man ln-stf-tl llll‘ had man and won the hand of the hcatiliftil ltetoine. liigltl of his hooks became

Ever since 18o; then have been projects

den for all-Windsor Star.

Simlh. ‘Ceneral Elfneshonter‘; cluef O ed every one and Mr. Wright waxed rich. No “will” h-lm- “WhM

. . IOI-Inq novels as "The Calling of Dan Matthetvs", grimly be" the Americans w B“

. 1 . chief of etgfl. considerably ember mesed w fln

y to lllneahcrwer. who promptly notched to tv Fl mas complete with Montv used the Fortress fur all hf

tllzhfa. often landing off from fields where heavy bomb

on her hands.

When sensitive electrodes are Ins- tened to the head_ thev pier: uu tiny electrical impulses from the brain. says Time. These impulses can 1J9 simplified. measured and traced to specific nerve cells.

Ede ,-_ . cf ‘Irlnzeg-Co Inge, Cambridge, yvha filfobel" bhysicolozy urfze .01" discovery in 1932. Dr. Aurian recently reported his pronress Lu this scientific eavesdropping. The messages he has plckoa up from tin: brain. he told an Ctlltfllfllllil‘: of uls- tlnzulshed scientists 1n the second Pilgrim Trust lecture in W-aslnm- ton. have so far been vague and rather crude, but ne has heard enough to nuke 111m hopeful that some day an electrical llsfening post will be a-ole to report what, if anytthng a brain is thinking.

‘ The combatants- in this war are fn ill’, either to get some-mint; tney want or to keep something they have. Neutrals. too, are looking alter their own interests. Whcn, therefore, alter cutting ofl‘ ship- ments of chrome t0 Hitler. tue ‘htrklsh foreign minister warns his country not to be surprised if it 1's forced to resort. to sums. one may be sure the

lost the power seriously to harm Turkey. The Allies are fn a post- tlon to protect 1t. CSIKTCOI’ 1n- veslon of I-Iltlerdom .tl ough the Balkans would be facilitated by Turkey's becoming a co-beliiger- ent. Various snzns point toward its taking the plunge-Detroit Free

The whole case for health insur- ance 1's wrapped up in a few effect- fve words by Dr. R. Hobbs ‘Taylor,

011i In the one-time wild and re- tbey aretryfng

that

time. three They say the first of Ihn put- e ore-war models; but why? If. can always be ‘ it? by redesign-

c nd LL11 th goers on Lwlgunipe‘: Tris une.

_ blrel of Mauritius island, near Madagascar.

Brlllsh I-‘orcitn Secretary Anfh- 5m

e polllibn of the ecclesiastical

a linked with the past and pwfevted

‘ war up to May

arm: cnatgnor-reloyvu GUARDIAN '

Enthronement Of A ‘ Bishop

and his consecration. But n klng de {pro and de fneto l; llwllellmted at Ls coronation. 8o l blshcp ls inducted into the runner- allfles and instituted into the Bruit- uallttee 01 hi5 dloceee at fill enthroneenent-

The ceremony Ls ‘ ancient and In the middle ages, because a bishop of land was s; indeed 1n

BIS that; country he still ls, n 10rd spin:- unl. and because his trweme cat-ne 1n

D- 01a time from fuedal holdings, tgel

question of fnvestfture fee bet.

em. struggle was not ught to an end until fisciiblfihw: Anselm of Canteiggtgryi and Henry I earns; to very sens .e conclusion that the klnz should ln- vest the bishop with the lands which belonged to the diocese while, tin. Church. throush its BIPDPOPIIIIB’ officers mould bestow the crorier| and ring which symbolize a bishop's‘ spiritual authority over his diocese and his marriage to II)‘; Church. 1 That. Eingllgh settlement actually| formed the basis of the Concordnt of Worms of 1122, between Pope and‘ Emperor which settled the matter for the Church at large. Since those has never legally interfered with the days, broadly speaking. the State gpfrltual jurisdiction of the Chllfch- A modern enthronetnent differs little frcm the ancient lnvestlture. Today ln All saints Cathedral. Halifax. the Right Reverend George Ftcderhton Kingston, Bishop 0f Nova Stotia. will be entltroned b‘! the Most; Reverend Philip Carrfng- ton_ Arohblscp of Quebec and M1533- lnce of Canada, and presented with his croner and ring, bel thereby instituted Into flu tsmoora. ltles and splrltualltlcs of the Angliffflfl D10- cese of Nt-va Sootia. By Li]; oer:- mony the Church of the present 15

into the future. “m5 800d Wishes of all people 20 With 1310p 141N891?" as he enters officially on his work.

Orders - In - Council

(Montreal Gazette)

In answer to a question ln Par- llamenf. by Frederic Dotrori. K-C» M.P. for CharlevolX-SBBUBHR . the Government revealed the startling fact. that from the start. of the 12, 1944, no less than 44,321 orders-ln-councll have by the Dominion In the same period, ap- proval was also given to 374 Treasury Board items containing 24.597 minutes.

The tremendous scope and mo- mentum of government by order- fn-councll reflected ln these fig- ures ls. of course, largely attri- buted to the exigencies of gov- erning with efficient despatch ln wnrtlme. Decisions must be made and actions initiated in the direc- tion of prosecution of the war with botli speed and secrecy. through exercise of the emergency powers of government and regulation granted the Cabinet. Orders-in- Council are the accepted mechan- ism ln these eases. tn many ln- stances even when Parliament 1s sitting.

In addition, of course, much of the business indirectly relatechto prosecution of, the war. such as regulations bearing on the Prices Board and other wartime agencies. has to be carried out by order-ln- council. Normally these are re- ported to Parliament. or otherwise made public. It would be inter- esting to know, however, how many of the 44.000-0dd orders are stlll reposlng 1:1 the secret files of the cabinet and will come to light only after the war. ff then. Because of wartime urgency and the amount of administrative op- eration requiring Cabinet sanc- tion. any protest against the volume of orders-fn-councll must be qualified. But if. may earnest- ly be hoped that when the criti- cal emergencies of war have dla- appearcd, customary democratic restraints will be re-lmposed on government by executive order, secret or otherwise, nnd that the supremacy of Parliament will be restored to its accustomed peace- time status.

Co - operation Needed

(London Free Press) Although there was not s. great deal of publicity about the eon- ference between the Dominion and provincial health ministers ft is now apparent that important re- suits were achieved at the meet- fng. After hearing from Pen- slons Minister Mackenzie about the decisions of the conference Commons Committee on Bo Security decided that eacn pro-

Progresnve Conservative M. P. P. for Huron. Addressing the Anglican laymen fn London, Ur, Taylor ex- plained that in his experience f-1s a practicing physician he had seen pcoplc who had delcfyui medlccl consultation until too late because they were afraid they could not meet the bills. The result of the de- lay meant. that they were too sick when they Bot to the doctor and it was boo late to help them. That same story can told over and over again by doctors. They have had patients come to them suffer- ing intense pain or In advanced stages 0t disease. when t-he doctors have asked why they were not con- sulted earlier, the patients have explained that they were in poor financial clretnnstanceg and be lev- ed they could not afford to be sick. These are the people who will be helped by health insurance. There are thousands of families 1n Can- ada who fear the coat of sickness, thousands more facing discourag- ing debts incurred through sickness. Health insurance can ease the bur-