I

Ti§ailiisiéi,i8'23.,

AZETTE.

Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Saturday, October 1, 1853.

mounds soonest... and oonnonensa nonrandom.

New Series. No. 73.

-- ~ " Hash!’ a Gazette. (tactic '1'. tlAS7.\ D, Prqsrletar and Puhlislier. Pu ‘ii I every Wednesday and Ba y mornings. ‘

till:-.o,Sontli aide Queen Sqeere, I’. K Island.

-1‘: nits--Aaaiupt Sibscriptioa. lbs. Discount for cash in nilleucp. , rsltiss or aDIVl'll.'l'llII(I.

I-‘or,tbt: rat insertion " occup IIN! space of 4 lines, including llfatl, 2a.—Gllrlt,e's,Ia.0Y4ll‘-‘-9 llneir '0-'‘l . Mr 8e.'6tl.- lines,-Cs.-'-N lines, ls. Cd.-25 Ii lllinei, lie. lid.--fl iwas,Is.—ettd N foreec Ii... ronaifourth ofthe Ishovs for each coetittuitiicm _

- ' ' ' ‘ " ' ’ -illbeoentinuerl until fei-bid.

Mall Steamer “ Fairy Queen.” W. R. BULYE1. Ctlatatssvlcrr New Arrangement.

The Steamer lihtry Qassa will, “ iieiiig on the l9th inat., leave Queen's Wharf Bedequo and Stedlac, at I2 o'clock noon, instead of the Evening. aelieretuiire. .

Charlottetown, Sep. 6, 105,8-

snmrner Arrangement of Mails.

TIIE MAILS for"tlte ‘neighbouring Provinesa will

-be triads up until further Notlce every TUES- DAY-and TIIURSDAY NIGHT, at Nine o'clock. and forwarded via Pica-cu.’ and the NAILS for Ba- gland will be closed upon the following days at the

seam hoes. V

Tuesday, May to, Tuesday, August 2. " May 24, . “, Augustlti, “ June 1, " Auguat30, " June ‘ll, " Sept‘ I8, -- July e.- I' -« sopt. 21, “‘ . " - Oetoberll.

. July I9 Lsners to ba.rsgs'strd. mid Newspapers, must be mailed half an boar be re the time ofclosing. 'l‘H0.\lAs OWEN. Patinaater General. General l’ost0tlice, April 80. I868. Georgetown Mails. HE IIAILS for Goor etqwn until further Notice. will beimsde up it forwarded svsry blondey and Friday morni at nice o‘: oc . . THO?‘ OWEN. Postmaster General. M‘? 2: .

J. s. DEALBY, , COMMISSION IQIBOHANT AND

0 Nb. 7, SOUTH STREET. JVIEW YORK.

Q-Preights and Vessels procured, at short notice for snipe, the British Provinces, West Indies, Aus- tralia, and California. Bertha secured for the latter

places ‘ F‘0ll 6.51.2, a staunch clinkea .hailt BOAT. I6 feet keel. Sltq has lately undugotis a thorough repair, and is now Ill good condition, rfeotly t ht, and nails re sluhéy wall. , For fart r partiou rs ap ly at Haar.srd‘s issetts Ofiice. uly ll, test. A. Z A A R . THE Christian 'I"ublic ‘re hereb notified.Rthat th Lldlea th JIPTIS 01-! U CH and coriogregeflon ‘ivoraliiping in the Baptist Church, in Charlottetown. purpose holding a BAZAAR i the eirl part of the ensuing natarnn, to aid in raising Funds or tlhe erection‘ ofa Tbtssr and Porch to the id Clt . .‘Ct)nlr'l.lI:ll0nl in donations or worlt, will be thank- fully received by either of the undersigned Com- dues.

Ilas. W. Bsnsrsa-sen. “ J. McGascoa,

" Wu soir.

, " J. Wu rt-raanr, " J. Scorr. " J. Love,

' " T. Daassusar.

0 » " J. CUIIY. Charlottetown, 30th July, 198. (All pepofl-)

- 8a.lnl._.'l‘ohn Bale Stables. M. A. CUMMING. Veterinary Surgeon, begs to "u lnti ‘ate tb nrties having HORSES to dis- pose til‘, the he is ‘about Is o .a as a Sale 8tatile,t_hosa prentlses next the Cathelle pel,_ head of King's Square. at John; where Horses .will be kept at liv- ";I"li‘en‘ ' n? ‘dnutleeorsseodmmmnjilaice in St John

. re in - . where ehoae.‘.haet'ng Horses. and toss ‘it; Herbs. ltadw where te Gadcach other, M. A. 0. flat- ters himself tliata Iloass passes. or Sale Stable, "'°"°"§.,.°°"""i‘."“'...'."".l...'..“ :.°.r.'.:".'s.:."'.:.:'i:*.:!.’.'

e p ; - I s ' ‘basses ddrived from his profession. he may ‘bl? Ht ‘Wt! PFlf.‘.%...fi'I'wo or three good yodng Harness Horses wanted; and p sraoiro IIIAVY PAII, full rnouthsd fothhipyard work: 1' ' '

Saint John. 30th April. IIII. ‘ ii.-.‘.‘.‘.’i'~.*.‘.‘.‘..".t,ll.‘l‘¥',’ ' ...‘.“ """ “"" Sill,-_-As gt)!‘ va iolq; Firs liisaroacs

to ' r our notice in r..f’}£',’€~‘r...J§ .....!'.','r.'.' ;.!m.. ml composition has ep upwards of, three years eaten- . ._ ,'tu‘lll'ehwn,£r.:staich, Nawfoandlanstlc and war , _ a ova one. uielpttlly or covering rqiifa, as ytiu will psrcaivaby scpouipaoytug otmala ofssrtitieaiss. tliaa been severe _v taste , and prov moetsuqeeu- rplly, its fireproof qualities under rueat eatr_a . iiiary circumstances; so teach to. that I are of opinion that Firs :...-.ance Coinpanles should encourage itageeessl applfigat-on to elllunde of wood,liuil_dirig (where the W " 0 ii, i gt ll‘ ' u thafis, _ a o.,wei waro.I:i~nc'as, dtc., as wenfiae ,th roofs.) _y I the premium of insurance on, such baildinga as are “W”. the horierto lie. air,,' I J ,z, ,. _Xopr obgdient servenlr Ross '0 _ ',c 1: , ,!.",’.',,‘ ',' Pateatee led blertufsotarsr.

be to give useful advice both to seller and

Halifax Mth July. 1868. Sin.-A-lejuiztelyeas nets of the llth hat. I 8late_Pelet" on

asistaorrtiisassatlvpser oerassrrt 'ss diefmis the rut against

tools s-Or . Fire—l have frequently reduced the prstnteme on Buildings in the Country. eflnlfl ' son.

I an. air. you eh’! eervant., ..‘. ‘ l Pllllllli . -»-l--' S! i-ti iA‘G“'n. 50011‘. ‘vH- (til: 1: 5: > - -; ~ air mmh zeta-aua..s-qt-tit-tan.»-.. .~... ..

lei‘ Iephmber 3 roar . at Gas. 1‘. Issuers lash

IODTVID

i'

COMETB AND THEIR. MOVEMINTI. . I

The appearance of the long-tailed stran- ger in the heavens, which has attracted the gaze and admiration of all, ma give in- terest to the following facts an specula- tions about comets.

According to Dr. Dick, the reitldiameter of the iiebulusity of it comet increases pro- portionably as it becomes distant from the sun. Hevelius appears to have been the first who made this observation, for until his time an opposite opinion was maintain- ed. As the tails of cometa increase in length, as they approach their perihelia, so it was generally considered that the nebulo- sities followed the same law. But the ob- servations which were some time since made on Bieln’s comet, confirmed the the- ory of -I-Ievelius. Sometimes the tails of comets occupy an immense space in the heavens. That of the comet of I680, was estimated at ll'2,000,000 of miles. Sir

. Herschcll estimated the length ofthe tail of the rest comet, which appeared in I811, at 150,000,000 ofmilcs, it space lar- ger than the whole distance between the earth and the suit. Its breadth was calcu- lated at about 15,000,000 of miles. Philo- sophers have differed in relation to these long trains oflight. Tycho Brahe siippos- ed them to be the light of the sun trans- mitted through the nucleus of the comet, which he believed to be transparent like a lens. Kepler thought that the itnptilsion of the solar rays drove away the denser parts of the conict’s atmosphere, and thus formed the tail. Sir Isaac Newton supposed it to be a thin vapour raised by the heat of the sun from the comet. Dr. Hamilton thought it to be a stream of electric matter. If, says Dr. Dick, these trains consist of va- pour raised frotn the comet, why should this vapour extend to such aprodigious length through space? and why should it be illuminntedt hrough its whole extent? The most splendid comet of modern times was that of 1680. Its tail reached from the zenith to the horizon, an extent of90 dc-

rees. When nearest the sun, it was cal- culated to have been within 1.50, 000 miles of his surface, and its rate of motion at that time was computed at about a million of miles an hour. The period ef its revo- lution round the sun was calculated at 575 years, so that it will not again visit this part ofthe system until A. D. 2255.

A curious question is discussed inthe "Celestial Scenery,” namely, whether a comet may ever come in contact with the earth, and produce a concussion. Dr. )ic says that as comets move in orbits, which form extremely elongated ellipses; as they move in all imaginable irectious; as they traverse almost every part of the solar sys- tem in returning from the furthest verge of their excursions; as they penetrate within the interior of the lanctary orbits—even within the orbit of er-cury—-and cross the orbits of the earth and the other planets, if is not int ssiblc that a comet may come in contact with our globe. An apprehension of such an event produced a considerable degree of alarm on the Continent at differ- ent periods, particularly in 1773 and 1832, as formerly stated. But when we consider_ the immense cubical space occupied by the planetary system in which the comets move, and compare it with the small capacities of these bodies; and when we talte into view certain mathematical calculations in refer- ence to the subject, the probability ofa shock from a comet is’ extremely small. “ Let us suppose,” says Arago, “ a comet of which we only know that at its perihelion, it is nearer the sun than we are, and that its diameter is orie-fourth of that of the earth, the calciilation of probabilities shoya that of 281,000,000 of chances there is only one unfavourable; there exists but one which can produce acollision between the two bodies. As for the nebulosily, in its most general dimensions, the unfavourable changes will be from ten to twenty in the same number of two hundred and eighty- one millions. Admitting then, for a mo- meat, that the cometa which may strike the earth with their nticlus would anihilatc the whole human race, then the dim er ofdeath to each individual, resulting rom the ap- pearance of an unkstonm comet, would be exactly equal to the risk he would run ifin an urn there was only one single white ball,

a total number of $81,000,000 balls, and that his condemnation to death would be the inevitable consequence of the white ball being produced at the first drawing.”

Another question is discussed by the same writer, nainely—-wlictlicr any comet has ever fallen into the sun. It was, he says, the opinion of Sir Isaac Newton, that one purpose for which comets are dea- tined is, to recruit the sun with fresh fuel, and repair the great consumption of II_ light by the streams continually emitted every way from that luminary ; and that such comets as come very near the sun in their perilielions, meet every time with so much resistance from his mines are, as to abate their projectile force ; by t constant diminution of which. the centripetal r, or grsvltatlon towards the sits. wool tie to

increased as to make them fall into his body.

n a similar riuciple, Arago supposes that the comet ofPl680, which approached so near the body ofthe sun, must have passed nearer to his surface at that time than at its preceding npparitions ; that the decrease in the dimensions of the orbit will continue on each succeeding return to its point of peri- helion ; and that " it will terminals {Is at- reer by ailing upon the run.” But he ac- ltnowle gas that “ from our ignorance ofthe various strata of the sun's atmosphere, of that of the comet of Mid), and ofthe time of its revolution, it will be impossible to calculate after how many ages this extra- ordinary event is to happen ;” and he like- wise admits that “ the annals of astronomy, do not afford-any reason to suppose the pre- vious occtirrencc of such an event since the origin of historical record ;” so that we have no direct evidence that such an event has ever taken place, or that it ever will. VVe know too little of the physical constitu- tion of the sun, and ofthe nature of comets, to be able to assert that the falling ofa comet into the sun would actually recruit the luminous matter of which his outer sur- face is composed ; for we have reason to believe that there is little or no analogy between the mode in which we supply our fires b means of fngots, and that by which the solar light is recruited and preserved in its pristine vigour; and besides, it is found that bodies, particularly in certain electric states, may be rendered luminous without the addition of any extraneous body to their substances.

A Tiuvst.t.tN0 Ho'rnL.——A Paris corres- pondent of the Ciiiciiiiasli Gazette, in a let- ter diited August ll, gives the following account of a novel mode of travelling in France. He writes: “If we are in advance of the world in sea yachts, the French have beaten us in the article of railroad yachts. A rich capitalist, Mon- sieur the Count of , has invented and superintendcd the construction of ii railroad hotel, for his own private use, with which he intends to travel with his family over all the railroads of France. It is in complete house, with all its dcpcndencies, principal and accessory. There is a parlour, bed-rooms with beds, billiard-room, kitchen, oflice, is cellar. ice-house, &c.; in one word all the elegance and the comfort, the use- ful and the agreeable of a dwelling the most complete, and the most rich. It is very long, and, like all French cars, very wide. It is made so that it can be trans- formed from one set of wheels to another, though that seems of no importance, since the roads of France are all, I believe, ofthe same wide ua c. This travelling hotel has cost its proprietor about filly thousand francs, and is at this moment attracting great attention at the depot of the Orleans railway.

OPIUM EATING IN Cniiu.—The extent ofthe degredution which the use ofopium entails will be apparent when we say, that not in exceptionally brutal cases, but in very numerous and regularly recurring instances, opium smokers, after running through all their property and becoming bankrupt in means reputation, scrtiplc not to secure a prolonged term of enjoy- ment (for we have heard one confess “ with- out opium, life is nothing,’') by selling their sons as slaves, their wives and daughters as slaves or prostitutes, and, horrible to relate, themselves as substitutes for con- demned criminnls even about to suffer cupital punishment.

U

CAN POTATOES nit Pi.aN'r:b IN THE F.u.t.? —They can, and they will grow and produce well, if rightly dealt with. A gentleman writes to the Jllairie Farsiirr that he witnes- sed nnexpcrimcnt of a person who worked on a farm ofthc late P. Tallruon. He plant- ed a field of potatoes in the full, just before the ground froze. In the spring following, they came up well; he hoed them carefully, and kept them free from weeds, and in the month of June,(they were pr-obabl an early varicty,) he bdgan to dig them. hey sold readily for a do lnr it bushel. He had an abundant crop, and sold five hundred bushels at that price. To make the thing go, it must be requisite that dry ground be selected, for potatoes will not bear water. Perhn , too, it would be needful to cover the hil s with leaves, straw, or soins mul- ching substance; but of this we tire not certain. Try it, friends, on a small scale.

New Pun or I-In Vi:.v-rit.t-rirtc.—We observe in a foreign journal that a London tradesmen has taken out a patent for a new sort of bat, with ventilation in the sides of the crown, near the band, and not by a hole in the top. alfilaas is frequently pro- duced by our close hats, which, in a hot day, operate like a tight cylender for receiving and condensing hot air. Headache, too, is a common c act of tight, and unventilo.- ted, and uiweiitileting hats. We trust that if the London patent be a reeled- vantage, or rather a certain comforter to the head of hen,-we may speedily have it ever on this side of the ‘water.

Nr.wsr.trIIts.—-It is uncertain (says the Boston Post) what country first used news- papers. In the days of James I., in Eng- land, news was occasionally circulated in small quarto pamphlets. The earliest one p!‘(‘t-lPl'\'e(l in the British Museum is entitled .N'ews out of Holland, of the date of l6l9, and printed by N. Newbury: and there are others of the date of I620, l6‘2l, I622. In I622, these quarto issues were convert- ed into a regular weekly issuo, entitled Neil's qfllte Present Week, edited by Natha- niel Butler, and this was the first weekly newspaper printed in England. In the days of Charles I. these news umphleta multiplied greatly. In 1622 the t'ngdoiii's Iulclligesicc was commenced in London, which contained ii greater variety of matter than had been customary. In it. few years the advertisement feature began. It was

not until Queen Annc’s limo, I709, that the '

Londoners bad the luxui-y ofa daily journal ——TIis Daily Couranl. Scotland had a newspaper in l653; Ireland in 164i; Ger- many in l6l2: the American colonies in I704. The earliest country that had them

_ is supposed to be Italy.

Sourn AMERICAN Ox-nitivr:ns.—The wag- oners drive their oxen in a way peculiar to themselves, perfectly harmonizing with their indolence. Usually three or four yoke are fastened to the shall, and to drive these with a whip, it would need to be a very long and heavy one; but this would not be agreeable, and therefore they have another fixing, which is a very long pole, generally a bamboo, which swings from the forepart of the Waggon in such a way as to reach out with its sharp it-onpointcd end to the furthest yoke—u.t the same time being ba- lanced at the but end by some weight, it is very easily managed. The driver, who learns lazily back in the forcpitrt of the wagon, needs only to keep the bamboo swinging; being able, at the same tiine,to reach the first yoke with its point. third yoke, indcetl, cannot be reached in this way, and for their benefit another point, about it foot long, is fastened right over tlieir backs, and the driver has only to lift up, the point drops dow_n on the poor beasts. For the two yoke nearest to his Waggon, he carries another little pole, also sharp pointed, and just long enough to reach the secon yo e

“We see but in part,” in the beautiful language of the Bible, is well and forcibly illustrated in the following: Atraveller, as he passed through a large and thick wood a part ofa huge oak,which appeared miss- shapcn and almost seemed_to spoil the scener .

“ If,” said he, “ I was the owner ofthis forest I would cut dowti that tree.”

But when he had ascended the hill, and taken a full view of the forest, this same tree appeared the most beautiful part of the whole landscape.

“ I-low erroneously, " said he, “I have judged, while I saw only is art !”

"This plain title," says Dr. Olin, “illus- trates the plans of God. VVe now ' see but in part.’ The full view-—tlie harmony and proportion of things—all are necessary to clear up our judgment."

O

From late American Papers.

Ssnrs ANNA has infused more energy into the Mexican Government than has ever been manifested before. He is building roads, punishing robbers, and for the first time for many years shows the Mexicans it government which they are obliged to obey. is movements are benefiting the country, all of them, excepting, perhaps, that which is consolidating a powerful, and well disciplined army. He is nr-rayin n

owerful army, which, if he is dispose to quarrel with the United Government, will give us no little trouble. He is said to have an army of92,000 men, and is training and armin them in a skillful manner.— Portland dcerfiaer.

Favait 41' New OitLnNs.—The Board of Health report the deaths for the week ending September 3d, to have been nine hundred and fifty-five; by yellow fever eight hundred and four. The whole number of deaths since the 928th of May has been nine thousand five hundred and forty-four, of which seven thousand two hundred and thirteen were by yellow fever. The fever is beginning to attack the more wealthy portions of the community; several promi- nent citizcns were lyin in a critical state. Among its fever victims not previously reported are Rev. Mr Childers, Methodist clergyman, William Emor and Catherine McGinn of New York. ive vessels had arrived in the river from New York, with crews and asacngersnumberin %50. They were forbidden to come up to t e city,and steamboata were to be sent down to convey them to places above New Orleans without stopping there. ‘ '

A late despatch from New Orleans states that the rave es of the fever in that cit continue to a ew a gratifying

Private Telegraph Despetchee: “ Que- bec Nth Se . Flour 3% ’ “Bofibltflth. —no change to price «cum Ithhsre."

SAN FRANCISCO AS 11' IS T0-DAY.

A California correspondent, under date of the l5th ult., the latest received, says :

San Francisco contains something over 60,000 inhabitants. There are ten or twelve river steamers running daily to Stockton, Sacramento, Marysville, and other places. We have as beautiliil a bay as can be found any where, and plenty of good wbnrves filled with shipping. The streets are laid out at right angles, running cast and west, north and south. Montgomery is the fifth street up from the bay, running north and south, and is the Wall street of San Francisco. All the bankers and money cxcbangers are in this street. The bank- ing houses of Page, Bacon, 0. Co. , and A ems &. Co., are built of Chinese out granite. Builders do not use any here from this State, as they can get it front China - much cheaper, and in forty days’ time. All the buildings going up now within the fire limits are built of brick, the first story either of granite or freestone, which is quarried thirty miles up the sacramento river, near Benici, the capital of the state. You can get no insurancnce here, and that is the reason why they are building fire proo stores.