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r {me ii'wiliixrisnﬂii’v.w DECEMBER 19. 1962.

‘ Reiorm Badly Needed

The abuse of the property vote in the last provincial election is the subject of widespread com- plaint. Premier Shaw himself is authority for the statement that one man polled this vote in a First Qllccns riding on the strength of his having a plot of ground in a cemetery. He did not think it was "legal", because the money turned over to the cemetery organization was for perpetual care—it did not involve actual ownership.

risen/res!

The Premier said he knew of two other men who had voted twice in the same electoral district— which also was illegal. There have been otller stories, equally discredit- able to a system which lacks pro- per safeguards against barefaced exploitation of the franchise.

The whole principle of multiple vnting is unsound. This is a matter which should have been tackled at the last legislative session, when the DesRoches Commission on Elec- LOI'ill Reform made its report. That the report was submitted in the dying days of the session was the excuse given for sidetracking it. There will be no excuse when the House meets again, and we shall expect this matter to figure promin- ently in the Speech from the Throne on that occasion.

'As noted in these columns dur- ing the recent campaign, the Des- Roches Commission did not, in its n'lajority report, find for complete abolition of multiple voting. It did. however, recommend that it be exer- cised only once in every election by one rotor, and then only with re- spect to p roperty of a minimum value of $1,000, situated either in the electoral district in which the voter resides or in a. district im- mediately adjoining.

It is a moot question whether Ellie majority rcport went far enough. However. its proposal would elimin- ate the scandalous abuses about orbit-h we are now hearing, and :which arc a disgrace to any demo- cratic community. It is probably too late to do anything about the farci- ;‘c:il incirlcnts reported in connection inith the December 10 election, un- ilcss action is instituted by individ- gual candidates; but at least we can ginsure that they will not happen gagain.

I Dr. Sen's Warning

A Amid the bustle of our own af- ffairs at this pre-Christmae season, ‘»perhaps we haven’t time to ponder ,the significance of some remarks made recently by Dr. B. R. Sen, the director general of the United Na- gtions Food and Agricultural Or- :lganization. But whether we give Ethought to them or not, his state- 4ments are on record, and they con- istitute about as damning an indict- :ment of our modern civilization as Ewe have seen anywhere. .

, Briefly. it is Dr. Sen’s contention 3that “never before in the history of . c‘mankind have so many people been llsubject to so much undemourish- ment.” How can this be? Hasn’t - technology and science led the way ’to higher food production, better gluse of food and means .of preserv- Ling it? Oh yeaf quite true.

‘ The nations which use the new "techniquee—end develop them-— 1have attained higher standards of living. Their people es s result of better attain health, e. v 'i'eile‘tenceto dieeeee. and lei people an required

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to feed these nations, opening the door to still greater industrial and scientific development. All very wonderful, as far as it goes.

But these improvements have Come almost ‘solely in the countries of Europe, North America and Oceania. Asia, Africa and Latin America, except where outside de- velopment has concentrated on specific crops for export, have re- mained far behind and the gap be- tween riches and want is actually growing. Dr. Sen estimates that 15 per cent of the world’s population, some 300 to 500 million people. go hungry; another billion suffer from malnutrition.

As recently as 150 years ago there was little difference in the foods of various nations. Most diets were based on cereal grains like wheat, barley, maize or rice. The great masses of the people on the land were subsistence farmers, ex- posed to the ancient risks of farm- ing. Living on diets of border line adequacy, they suffered from hung- er and malnutrition. There was, of course, almost complete absence of food processing and preservation as we know it today.

These are the conditions pre- vailing still for many millions of the world's inhabitants, and they constitute, in Dr. Sen’s words, “the greatest challenge that faces man- kind today." It is a problem that cannot be dealt with by isolated and uncoordinated efforts. The United Nations is making its greatest of- fort here. but. it isn't enough. With the tremendous population increase in many of the have-not countries, it is far from being enough.

Skybolt Controversy

The Skybolt missile controversy was billed as a major subject of dis- cussion at the talks now under way between President Kennedy and Prime Minister Harold Macmillan at Nassau. But Mr. Kennedy seems already to have passed the death sentence on this project, which was destined to arm Britain’s bomber force. The U.S. Air Force wants it continued, but the Washington bud- get makers don’t. Nor, it seems, does the British Labor Party, which objected to putting reliance on an American weapon in the first place.

Britain, however, has been bas- ing its nuclear defense on the future of this 1,000-mile-range mis- sile during a critical period. It was induced to do so by the U.S. govern- ment. An arrangement to this ef- fect was made with Mr. Macmillan by f o r m e r President Eisenhower; and only four months ago, it. is claimed, a firm order for 100 of these weapons was negotiated. The sudden and abrupt withdrawal of the projet now is regarded, in some British quarters, as a politiai man- oeuvre to deprive Britain of any nuclear deterrent. Continued official U.S. denials of this intent have not succeeded in allaying the fear or abating the argument.

We had our own experience with this kind of treatment some years ago. Canada, it will be recalled, had to abandon the Avro Arrow after an expenditure of some $400 mil- lion because it was too costly to continue and the United States was unwilling to buy it. Now it is re- ported that the Pentagon is run- ning around looking for a fighter aircraft which has general specifi- cations not very different from those of the Arrow.

The Skybolt story is only the latest example of the waste which is inherent in the U.S. monopoly of weapons development. It is a politic- ally embarrassing one for the Brit- ish government, but the real danger of the situation, as other‘commenta- tors have pointed out, lies in the damage it may do to future co- operation in the Western Alliance.

EDITORIAL NOTES

At the beginning of this year, 8.4 per cent of Canada’s popula- tion was living in communities with controlled ﬂuoridation of drinking water. This represents 1,535,000 people living in 87 cities, towns and viilages. The total will be nearly doubled when Greater Toronto, rep- resenting the city proper and its affiliated suburbs, joins the ﬂouri- dation ranks in the near future. This was decided by a majority vote in a recent plebiscite. The total also will be largely augmented by Wind- sor and other Ontario cities that recently authorized ﬂuoridation by majority plebiscite ballots. it,

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KHRUSHCHc-v Buffs Moose“ ART

-- Remn- rpm “sour

MOSCOW HAS SOME TOO

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

“A Healthy Ring Of Confidence”

“There is a healthy ring of confidence in the voices of Can- ada's business leaders, as they offer each other the traditional wish for “A prosperous New Year". The statistics now pour- ing off our electronic brains show that this wish of 8 ye a r ago has been amply fulfilled, as 1962 shapes up in retrospect as being Canada's most pr‘osper- ous year ever. And the trend suggests that this forward im- petus will carry us upwards in the coming and prosperous new

car.

The business indicators pre- pared regularly by our sedulous statisticians here are issued day by day in the Bulletin of ih e Dominion Bureau of Statistics. These serried ranks of figures and columns of percentages look as dry as dust to you and me: but they trill out a merry tune just now to our business tycoons. And they reflect cash in the pocket and a belly‘well-filled for

it.

every Canadla

LUMBER MEANS HOMES

Look for example at the stat- lstics of Canada's wholesale trade. Sales in the first nine months of this year were an impressive 9.2 per cent higher than in the same period of 1961. The break-down of that total in- to the eighteen different trade categories shows that sixteen of them achieved advances, ranging from 1.7 per cent in- crease ln hardware sales to 10.3 per cent in lumber. There was an insignificant reduction in the s ale 5 of meat and dairy pro ducts. and an understandable drop of 5.8 per cent in sales of coal as more homes switch to automated oil heating.

That big increase in the lum- ber classification. which also includes construction materials and supplies, looks more vivid and means more to us when we see that it reflects an increase in home building, with starts on the construction of new dwell- ings in October soaring 17.4 per cent above last year, while com- plications in that month was 19.8 per cent up. and for the whole year to date runs 10.8 per cent above last year.

Average weekly wages in manufacturing industries we a

$77.55 in September, up from $75.00 a year earlier. And many more Canadians were at work earning these higher wages.

Our statistic-sol our L a b 0 ur Force are always approached from the negative angle, by list- ing the number of men and wo- men unemployed und seeking work. Last month, fewer were unemployed than in the pre- vious November: but what is more significant is that th e r 9 were 115, more jobs than one year earlier. Thus 6,270,000 Can- adians were at work, drawing these higher wages.

These statislics 'may s o u n d remote: but an immediate re- sult of more people at work and drawing higher wages is th at . retail sales boomed. C h a i n store sales in October were 6.6 per cent higher than a year ago. The merry tinkle of the busier cash registers also reﬂects our increased money supply, for banks and loan companies are now much more generous a n it money is much less tight than twelve months ago.

Even that weekly newspaper of "big business", the Toronto "Financial Post", reﬂects our prosperity. “Now is the season to be jolly; the dividends sing a merr song." carol its front page headline. “Steel order pads tell happy story," and “Hous- ing gets more zip too," and “An- other good year for many com- panies in 1963," it proclaims.

“The “Financial Post" has never been very friendly to this Government, but now it reads almost like a Conservative Par- ty propaganda sheet," one Ca- binet Minister commented to me.

And especially, it hands the grand accolade to “Trade Min- ister Hees‘ imaginative drive to boost exports", under the head- line “Where the payoff is really big." Hon. George Hees’ export drive, the paper says, "has done more than any other to create a respected name for Canada abroad, and to initiate Canadians into the profitable ways of international selling".

Needless Night Risk

Windsor Star

More stress should be placed on the danger of walking on roads at night, a Bothwell in- quest jury recommends. This danger has been noted many times but will stand restate- ment. Walking on roads at night continues to be dangerous be- cause too many walkers fail to follow the simple safety direc- tions.

The key one is to walk toward approaching traffic, on the side of the road on which it‘s travel- ling. because then the pedes-

trian can see oncoming vehicles even if some drivers might miss seeing him. This should be im- pressed on children, and adults themselves can make use 0 the reminder.

Clothing worn at night by pedestrians also should not have a dark, camouflaging effect, as so often it does, especially in the colder months. It shouldn't be necessary for all roadside walkers to have an accident be- fore that sinks in but that may be how it works.

Lessons From The Economy

Ottawa Jo

Premier Khrushchev has urg- ed his countrymen to look to the capitalistic countries and to imitate what they find there that is “good and profitable."

Rather than smueg thinking of all the things the Russians could be learning from us. we

Candle Holds Its Own

National Geographic Society

simple candle, man's main source of light for 20 cen- turies, brightens its own special corners in the dazzling age of electricity.

Although incandescent bulbs ended dependence on wax and fallow dips, as well as oil and gas lamps. tens of millions of candles are set aflame each year-“in the dusky still of churches: over the silver, cry- stal. and gleaming damask of festive tables: on countless birthday cakes.

No one knows when pagan man discovered that he could cost a fibrous wick with fatty substances and produce a light superior to pitch knots or grea- se - soakedx reeds. In ancient, times crude candles were made of fats with sheaths of huska or moss to serve as wicks. The Old Testament speaks of both can- dies and candlesticks. Candles have long been used in rituals and ceremonies.

WITH WORS ..

In folklore, bees were created for the purpose of pr pure wax for. church tapers.

While candles are traditional- l.v associated with relight-as wor-

ship. many anaemia. have leapt out of the ﬂickering light. If. a flame burns blue. for in- stance, there is I ghost in house. A spark signifies that e’ letter lit coming to the person sitting nearest the .

"To burn/the candle at both ends" has been a femilier Eng. lish phrase since the 170: com tu

ry.

Candles have been used to measure time end light. King Alfred the Greet ordered th e eludes. six of the. shed to

burn in 24 hours. In both Eng- land and the American colonies. the saying “sale by the inch of a candle" signified an auction at which people could bid until a bit of candle burned out. London ect of 1800 defined can die power as a unit of light gl- ven by a sperm candle weigh- ing a sixth of a pound.

CANDLEMAKING

Tedlously dipping taper on a kitchen stove in Syracus , New York. German immigrant Anton Will in 1855 pioneered commer- cial candlerniiking in the Unit- ed States. The firm he founded now makes candles for the Vatican.

Another American firm, locat- ed in Mamaroneck. New York, dipped and lavishly decorated 2.300 candles for the coronation of England's Queen Elizabeth 1952. Years earlier the company fashioned candles in the likeness of Lillian Russell for amend Jim Brady's table. The firm also made one of the world’s biggest wax lights, an 10 o foot - igh memorial candle that is lighted once a year at s got Enrico Caruso's tomb in

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Modern machines speed the work that pioneer housewives well. but chandlers

still hand-dip or mold the finest candles. Unlike the csndlcmbk- ever,

acid - to pro- duce an article that is odorless, dripless, end smoke-free

More than no. .000 Worth or candles is sold the United States each peer.

urnal

should entertain the idea, of finding things in the Commun- istt system which we might imi- a e. '

We could take over some of the Communist’s seal in spread- ing determination of so many Russians to extend their ideo- logy around the world might be an example to those with free- dom to sell.

Perhaps we could learn from the Russian something of the spirit .of national sacrifice—not only in wartime but in peace— which prompts him to put his country's goals ahead of crea- ture comforts. The Russian suf- fers real austerity so his coun-

austerity, some talk about throwing the government it

t.

We could take from Russia the sense of values that gives higher place of recognition to academic excellence, to heroes at th as well as heroes of the gridiron or the movies.

We could learn the lesson of accepting challenges. Not too ring ago the Russians couldn't D

_ em .

When Mr. Khrushchev looks to his enemies to learn, we should imitate that too.

MANY mun-nun Some 00 per cent of Afﬂce's 170,000,000 people can neither read not- write. Mozambique hasten illiteracy rate of 00 per cen .

New Treatments Help Cure Gout

By Dr. Theodore B. Van Delleu

HAVE e newer remedies improved the outlook in the gouty? These products were moderately successful in 04 vic- tims who received the works for prolonged periods. But the reporting physicians believed these results could have been better with more cooperation from the patients and more eu- thusiasm on the part of physi- clans.

Untreated gout follows a pat- tern. The disease strikes quick' 1y, often in the middle of th e night, with severe pain in a big toe. Other joints may be involv- ed but the great toe usually is favored. Distress continues for 10 to 14 days and disappears.

A second attack occurs months or years later. In time, the intervals between bouts are shorter and the duration of pain is longer. Chronic gout is the end result, with severe deformi- ty and disability due to excess mates in the tissues.

The basic cause is an oven abundance of uric acid in the blood. Thi is an inherent mel- abolic disturbance in which the individual manufactures too much of this purine. Gouty er- thritis develops when some of the uric acid finds its way into the joint spaces and crystailzes.

The standard treatment in- cludes colchiclne for relief of pain and agents such as pro- benecid or oxaolamine that stimulate the kidneys to excrete more uric acid to lessen the amount in the blood. The trend is to take small amounts of these drugs every day.

The study on the 64 patients mentioned previously demon- strated that considerable coop- eration is required, to be suc- cessful. Otherwise the uric acid blood levels tend to creep up and precipitate another attack. This means frequent checkups with changes in dosage or in the type of medication if the blood level does not stay down or symptoms return.

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self-addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

EXPOSURE TO DISEASE

L.S. writes: If a child has been exposed to a contagious disease such as the mumps ox measles, and does not develop the disease, does this mean he as per

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moment these diseases? REPLY No. Not every susceptible child develops a contagious dis- ease when exposed. On the oth- er hand, some conditions such as measles are highly contag- ious and the chance of getting the disease when exposed is very high unless immunity exists. umps is leg contagious. P.S. write: My 21/2 -year-old daughter has loose stools and a rash at times. The diagnosis is starch intolerance. Can you me something about th condition and whether it will be outgrown? REPLY _I assume you refer to celiac disease. in which carbohydrates and other food elements are not absorbed proper] in the small intestine. Eliminating the gluten factor in wheat is th 9 recommended treatment and symptoms usually disappear in late childhood or adolescence. E IN EARDRUM J.L. writes: What's the dif- ference between a punctured and a perforated eardrum? EPL '

None -— they both mean a hole in the structure. The purist might argue that perforation means a row of holes, as in a sheet of postage stamps, but medically speaking, there is no difference.

OUT OF JOINT

J .G. writes: What can be done about recurrent dislocation of the shoulder?

EP

Surgery is the best remedy. especially if the fibrous cover- ing and muscular cuff of the shoulder have been stretched no longer can hold the shoul- er in place inning certain movements. TODAY'S HEALTH HINT— The body burns fuel constant- ly to produce energy.

A.

DIAGNOSES HEART

MOSCOW (Apt—Soviet scien- tists said Monday they heave developed a mechanical brain that diagnoses heart diseases. Tess said the machine, called the Ural-2, has been set up in e l boratory of the Soviet Acad-

rny of Medicine. The Soviet news agency quoted Dr. Mik- hail Bykhovsky, a cyberneticisi, as saying the Ural-2 is “able to detect such complex diseases es congenital heart defects."

not sad muc years of large majorities in the Commons but there is a temp- tation among members to em- ploy it more often now. The will not be enthus- iastic. In a mine govern- ment situation "pairing" can

be risky.

When members ‘ of different parties "pair" they agree that if one is out of the House for a division the other will not vote. This is designed to prevent em- barrassment should the result of the division hinge on one or two votes.

» Perils of "Pairing"

Ottawa Journal “Pairing” in divisions h a s The horrid example of th 9 tb risks in “pairing” was given in

1926 when the Conservative Gov. ernment of Prime Minister Meighen was beaten by 96 vot. es to 95 and resigned. The bal. ance of power then was held by line Progressive. When Lib. erals jubilantly celebrated their victory, T.W. Bird. 8 Progres. sive. said he had voted against the Government inadvertently. He had been “paired.”

- The Speaker was unsympath. etic. He said thd vote mu st stand and the Government was beaten. ‘

The surprising thing about contemporary human society is that it has laboriously worked out techniques for resolving dis- putes among citizens but then completely sets these techniques aside for resolving disputes among nations.

The machinery of law is the only effective means developed during history for dealing with private conﬂicts of vital inter- ests, yet the machinery of law has yet to be created for deal- ing with conflicts when they reach national and nuclear pro-

tons. Against this back-

A famous cartoon in Punch depicted stern Prince Bismarck walking down it accommoda- tion ladder on a ship‘s side while the much younger Kaiser W' helm I] watched a bit. sadly the renowned. iron-willed statesman whose resignation he had forc-

.— i

ed.

Today it is not a powerful monarch but a rather groping Parliament in West Germ a ny whose councils are “dropping the pilot" —- setting a term with- in which the services of Chancel- lor Konrad Adenauer, master of the government of the German Federal Republic since 1949. will be ended.

There is pathos in each pic- ture. Yet there is an inevitabil- ity about the present change, there was before. Under Wil- helm I, Bismarck in 28 years had forged a unified Germany. Adenauer, confronted with a

D I“

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Nuclear Age Law

Norman Cousins in Saturday Review

ground, no man can regard him. self as civilized or educated so long as he is detached from this particular lesson of history.

United Nations repre- sents the best existing hapg that objective criteria, or law, may yet be applied to the vols. tile disputes of nations. If that hope is to be realized, the amount of energy and concern put into the UN will have to he at least as great as the energy and concern now being put into perfecting the means for ending

life on earth.

The Long Descent

Christian Science Monitor

broken Germany. has held dog. gedly through half that span to hope of reunification.

But the immediate questions before West ermany today have to do not with the welding of an empire but the building of a democracy. Dr. Adenauer will continue at the helm for some 10 months, assuming he can form an acceptable Cabinet. Meanwhile, many eyes will be on Dr. Ludwig Erhard, his pre- sumptive successor.~

The ruler who dismissed the veteran Bismarck led his people into the tragedy of World War I. President Heinrich Lubkc. In whom Chancellor Adenauer next fall is scheduled to tender h l s resignation, represents the so- vereignty of the people — a peo- ple that has come a long way but has yet with certainty to find itself.

The white haired housewife looked up over her glasses to ask, “Why don't they call

Our Yesterday’s

(From the Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO

e pi

bowling alleys will have t h e i r Christmas party Wednesday night. This will be a special event due to the fact that these boys are engaged on duty while other members of the Boys’ Di- vision are participating in events ‘set for the holiday week.

A twin-motored Dragon of the Canadian Airways. to be used on the Magdalen Islands mail service this winter, landed at Upton Airport yesterday after- noon from Quebec City. Pilot W. E. Barnes was at the controls.

TEN YEARS AGO

December 19, 1962 Pilot Officer A.J. Bradley of Peakes Station, P.E.I. was one of the graduates at a Nato Wings Parade at RCAF Station, Sum- merside yesterday afternoon, when airmen from Canada, Great Britain, France. and Bel- gium received the coveted Navi- gators Wings. P.0. Bradly held the honor of being Cadet Offlc~ er Commanding, during his training period at Summerslde station. ..

Ottawa. Dec. 18 7— (CP) Pacific Coast Indian house an totem pole, will form the design of a new $1. stamp to be issued Feb. 2. the Post Office Depart- ment announced today. '1' h e new stamp, black in color, will be printed in e vertical position a change from the normal hor- izontal layout of Canada's high- den on stamps

How’s Your ’Releosemenl’?

Milwaukee Journal

just what we are and always will be. ‘old men and old wom- en"? What's wrong about being old? Nothing that calling me it ‘senlor citizen' is going to help. I‘m not going to enjoy my old age any more because someone calls it a ‘golden age.‘ That un- dertaker doesn’t look a bit bet- ter to me since he started call- ing himself a 'mortlcian." " Many old men and old women share her sentiments. They feel that using these artificial terms for old age and old people is hypocritical effrontery. ﬂattering a w o in beauty when she is well aware that she is unusually homely. However. old people will un- doubtedly have to continue to bear this added burden. In fact, the word "retirement" is now under attack. A woman writes to the Christian Science Moni- tor suggesting a substitution of the word “rcicasement” cause it means to "let loo 5 0 again. to set free from restraint, to set at liberty, to let go."

We join many of the old and retired and hercupon "release- set free— let go" what is known in impolite circles as the ram- berry or Bronx cheer for all this business.

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