.PAGEFOUR 0 . THE GUARDIAN

.-'.uthorired ll Second Class Mall Post. Office Department. Ottawa. Thu. Inland Guardian Publishing Co. CIRCULATION

l'l-ill City Zone keiail Trading-' Zone. All Others 337 Total Net Paid .. . 13.049

Editor and Managing Director. J. R. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

3 ,7 65 8.451

f'The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink".

C-E'uu.o'r'riarowN. THURSDAY. son. 20. 1951

The Freight llate Judgment

lzilsewhere in today's issue we publish the full text of the judgment given by Mr. Justice Archibald, Chief Commission- er, Board of Transport Commissioners of Canada, and concurred in by Deputy Chief Commissioner Sylvestre, granting the ap- plication of a single railway zone in this Province in respect of domestic class and commodity rates, other than mileage or distance rates, and making the level of such rates applicable to the single zone on the present inner zone basis.

Previously, the Royal Commission on 'Fransportation had recommended that it would be most desirable if the request for establishment of one zone for the whole Province were complied with. The rail- way, of course, would have been agreeable to doing this by increasing all the rates to the level of the outer zone, and possibly would have consented to a compromise agreement. The case before the Transport Commissioners therefore resolved itself into an effort to obtain an adjustment on the level of the inner zone. This was the basis on which Messrs. J. 0. C. Campbell, Dep- uty Attorney General, and Rand H. Math- nson, executive manager of the Maritime Transportation Commission, argued and won their case on behalf of our Island potato shippers and others. I

The result should be of great and per- nnancnt advantage to our whole agricultural industry, which is vitally dependent on transportation rates and facilities. Chief Commissioner Archibald's judgment is a vnasterly one. and will go down along with the Duncan Commission report as a chart- er of our economic rights and privileges.

As The Twig is Bent

Juvenile delinquency is generally thought of as a problem concerning young people who are not far from manhood or woman- hood but those closely in touch with way- ward youngsters are aware that it fre- quently shows itself much earlier.

A recent study by the Harvard Law School shows that criminal careers com- mence, in half the cases, at about eight years of age and almost ninety per cent of times before eleven.

The implication is obviously that more attention must be directed to detecting anti- social tendencies in the very young and steps taken to lead them to a healthier at- titude. All too often the tale is of an undesirable pattern of conduct being estab- lishcd which can seldom be remedied by the efforts of correctional schools or penal institutions.

Rising Farm costs

Analyses of the latest available Domin- ion Bureau of Statistics figures on farm prices, farm labor and other costs suggest that predictions of any material future .de- crease in the cost of living is mere wish- ful thinking. There are several reasons:

Costs of farm labor and materials farm- i-rs use in food production are soaring-the farm wage index has risen from 352.2 in

January. 1949 to 472.1 as of April, 1951..

Food prices compose more than 88 per cent of the rise in the cost of living index by 20.1 points from 167.5 at July 1, 1950 to lS7.6 at July 1. 1951. But. in the same period the food price index rose from 214.3 to the highest. on record, 239.8 or by 25.5 points.

The correlative of this soaring Canadian cost of living index is the parallel rise of the farm price index. As of June, 1951, the combined farm price index for all Canada rose from 264.1 in June, 1950, to 279.4 in May. 1951 and again to an all time record of 287.5 in June, 1951.

In dollars, farm cash income from the sale of farm products in all Canada-rose from 82,4631 millions in 1948 to 82.-194.8 millions in 1949 but declined in 1950 to 32,2235 millions. That was due to smaller returns from the grain sales in the prairie provinces in the bookkeeping payments of the Wheat Board plus adverse harvesting conditions which delayed deliveries. Re- C126!!! income from the sale bf eggs and dairy products to Brltainv was more than balanced by increased. salesof livestock.

But -in the tint Quarter of 1951. dollar sales ofdfum products nreiaoaln 115111! ste'eply. For the period January. February

farm products in all Canada rose from 8411,152,000 in 1950 to 8-177,493,000 in 1951. The other side of this rise in farm prices is what it is costing the farmer to produce food for Canadians and export. For all Canada, the composite Domin- ion Bureau of Statistics index of commod- ities and services used by farmers, in pro- duction, and their farm family living costs rose from 200.5 as of January, 1949 to 232.5 as of April, 1951. l Farmers' equipment and material costs rose in that 28 months' period from an in- dex of 180.3 to 209.6; tax and interest rates from 138.7 to 144.3; farm wages from 352.2 to 427.1. At the same time, the farmcrs' family living costs index advanced from 171.8 to 197.1, well above the Cana- dian cost of living index.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Stanley Steamer defeated a gas- oline buggy in a Chicago-New York race, too late, alas, to greatly influence the lines along which the automobile industry should

develop.

D O O

tune that this Province lacks oil fields, coal mines, steel mills, and automobile plants. Those who have them seem to have also troubles peculiar to each.

I C 'I

The reduction in hog prices is calcul- ated to increase the constziption of butch- or meat of all kinds. Can ians in the first half of this year consumed 10 per cent less beef and veal than they did in the corre- sponding period last.yea1'.

0

Those who are inclined to be pessimistic about the state of the world should recall such stories as that of the Good Samaritan. How long would an injured man lie today before someone would take compassion on him?

0 I i

O O 0

The Battle of Alma was fought this date 1854. The combined armies of Britain, France and Turkey defeated the Russians, the brunt of the fighting falling on the English. The following month came the Russian attack on Balaclava in which the Light Brigade won fame by a fatal but valiant charge.

0

It is satisfactory to learn that Mr. George Fraser of the Travel Bureau has been discussing the practicability of getting the Carr Speirs Co. of Stamford, Conn., to include the Island in one of its tours dur- ing next year's annual meeting of the Canadian Tourist Association at Murray Bay, Quebec. The more visitors of that type the better.

0

The educational report of the Canadian Education Association proposes that high schools give daily drill in the fundamentals of arithmetic and every-day problems, and also turn out citizens who are socially re- sponsible and can think critically and in- dependently. The first thought of those citizens would undoubtedly be that they should have been grounded in the fund- amcntals in primary school.

C O C

Dr. Yeo's retirement from the office of lCoroner in Queen's County recalls, that in addition to being a citizen of lifelong stand- ing, he was at one time, Mayor, and one of the best the city ever possessed. He was attentive and efficient in the dis- charge of his duties, and an ideal public speaker when called upon to address aud- iences or to welcome distinguished visitors. "Lang may his lum reek." i

I.

The success of the Rural Youth Fair is encouraging to the Agricultural Depart- ments, both Provincial and Federal, and to the farmers as a whole. Too much cannot be done to encourage the young people to remain on the farms and to make it their life work. No one will claim that farming is a money-making industry, but properly conducted it provides a comfortable living and a pleasant way of life. It is not all sunshine, of course, what industry and profession is, but the average farmer lives and prospers in a way few employed in the

cities ever do.

Although addressed to farmers. the meaning of weather forecasts published by Farm -Journal applies with equal force to all outdoor activities. An interpretation for forecasting terms gives the following mean- ings: "Fair or partly cloudy?-it's not go- ing'to rain. "Risk of showers or thunder showers"-up to one chance in seven that it will rain. "Widely scattered showers"- '15 per cent to 30 per cent of the area will probably get rain. "Scattered showers"- 30 per cent lo.45 per cent of the area will probably get rain. "Showers"--45 per cent to 75 per cent of the area will probably get rain. "General showers-"-Figure out a job in the,bam; rain in 75 per cent to'100 pcr

Perhaps it is not altogether a misfor- .

-I-as GUARDIAN, Cl-TARLOTTETOWN

our split Personality

7Jert again ---

Bore-or nutarepareuailfng-C

Level

CVO ,

u rg! .

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to tho discussion by correspondents of Iiuestlons of interest. The Guardian does not neceuar fly endorse the opinion of correspondents.

AN IDEAI: SITE

Sir.-A short time ago you men- tioned in one of your bricf ed- itorial comments that more than one citizen of Charlottetown had suggested that the now vacant site of the recent fire in this city would afford a splendid site for the new Federal Building about to be erected here. Surely, Sir. no one who read this comment if he were acquainted with the site referred to. could fail to see the sound judgment and good taste in- volved in this suggestion. A few days ago the writer stood on the court ground opposite the site referred to and visualized with something approaching rapture the ideal setting of both Federal and Provincial buildings that would be accomplished if this particular site were now chosen for the proposed Federal Building. For directly opposite on the south side of the street that runs by it is the Court House. at once the seat and sym- bol of British law and order in Prince Edward Island; and only a little less directly opposite is the Provincial Building contain- ing the seat of our Provincial Government and the cradle-roam of Confederation: nearly opposite also is the public Post. Office, the public Market House. and the Public Library. Close by the site too. is the historic St. Paul's Church of England. and the no less venerable Presbyterian Church of Canada, while on the street corner to the left of it. is the great bank that bears the name of our sister Province of Nova Scaiia. Lastly, on the street cor- ner lo the right of'it is the of- flce and press building of The Guardian of the Gulf; and need- less to say. its great rival is no less favorably located. Taking all these things into consideration, one may well wonder why this site was not chosen for the Federal Building instead of that already selected. before the recent fire. is it. not possible that even now the nuthoritics in charge of the crcct- ion of the proposed building. may reconsider the ideal site to be chosen for our Federal Building. Hoping it is possible.

I nm. Sir, eic..

INTERESTED OBSERVER

TEACHER SHORTAGE PROBLEM

Sir.-In your issue of Sept. 17th you published a. letter by Ex- Teacher. Montague. regarding the cause of the teafchcr shortage in this Province. v

He writes, that. it. is his opinion. "the only reason why we have had a scarcity of teachers for some years is that the Dept. of Educa- tion changed the regulations by demanding that a student must; attend Prince of Wales College for two years before being granted a regular teacher-'s license." -

Now sir. I have listened to many persons discuss this subject and they practically all agree with that opinion, also with Ex-Teochei-'s suggestion of how to overcome it. i.e.. "We should return to the old system, with some improvements, etc." Indeed, it is a fact, ,that. the present system which has caused the teacher shortage has also caus- ed many mothers and even grand- mothers who acquired a license to teach by I one-year course and who have been Away from the profession for decades, to return to teaching in order to keep many of, the schools open. ' However, they are still recog- nized by the Department. no lie- ensed teachers and receive I ni- ory accordingly, while the student fresh from I one-year course at. college is issued a "Permit." to inch and receives from the De- partment : more pittance ll ul-

cry.

The result is that there not nearly enough students iakl tho two-year course to replace those leaving the profession. while the so-called permit teacher. only re- main teaching until they can bet.-

ond Much. cash income from the sales ofcent of the area. ,

6

for their position because of the lnadequaw iolories paid them byp

ti Old Charlottetown is) (And r. E. 1.) 6 nunnmo nanpisrons

"The Trinity Term of the Sup- reme Court. of Queen's County commenced on Tuesday, their Honours the Master of the Rolls and Mr. Justice Hensley presiding. on the first day of the term, now. an R. Fitzgerald, Esq, having completed his studies in the office 91 E- -7- Hbdzson. Esq., applied for examination previous to his admis- sion as an attorney of the Court, and Mr. Neil MacLeod, B.A.. of U188. made a similar application preparatory to his being entered: law student in the office of Messrs. Palmer as MacLeod."

-The Islander, July 2. 1989.

j..j1.....:.-.::.j..

the Department and the fact that they must; accept the poorer schools with low supplement. Even after they have proven to be cap- able and satisfactory teachers and have improved their abilities by attending summer ' the De- partment will not grant them 1. license.

Furthermore, another group and source of teachers will be lost when the new old-age pensions DOUCY becomps effective, because 2. number who will be eligible were either teaching or would return to do so in the vacant; schools.

" Ineed they. along with other onne-year course licensed teach- ers have been urging the Depart- ment. with success, not to grant licenses to young -students who have only taken a one-year course.

What comedy. if it. were not so

tragic. I am, Sir, et.c., PARENT.

RAILWAY TRUCK SERVICE

Sir,-I respectfully submit that your editorial in the September llfh issue, commenting on the Camidlan National Ttollwoys' oc- Iluisiilon of your subsidiary, Pro- vincial Transport Ltd, leaves sev- eral things unsuid which are per- haps. worthy of note in any public consideration of this crucial de- velopment.

Last year, when the Canadian National Railways proposed to op- erate highway trucking services throughout Prince Edward Island, Premier J. Walter Jone: stated:

"Until the whole question of jurisdiction as between the Board of Transport Commissioners and the Public Utilities Commission is resolved. and provincial authority over all highway traffic alab- lished unquestionably, the Gov- ernmcnt of 'Prince Edward Island does not feel justified in either accepting or rejecting the pm. pnsnls of the C. N. R. for co-ordin- ailon of bus, truck, and roll Ierv. ice under C. N. R. management in this Province."

Also, a resolution dealing with the proposed trucking service was passed by the Prince Edward II- laml Legislature. as follows:

"Be it therefore resolved by this assembly that the prelent time in not opportune for the granting of public licence: or franchise: to the Canadian Na- tional Railway."

I do clot believe that the un- animous views of the elected rep- resentatives of the people of Prince Edward Island can be ig- nored in dilcuulon of railway op- eration of trucking services. The Canadian Automotive Transporta- tion Association - which repre- sent: truckers. small and large, all over Canada -- believe: that the stand taken last year, by tho elect- ed representative: of the people of Prince Edward Inland was the right one and we hope that it will be upheld. ,

Lost your the Canadian Nation- al Railways lent a largo delega- tion to Charlottetown to attempt to persuade public and government leaders that the public would ben- efit If highway operating right: for trucks were committed into the hand: of the C. N. R. Ioclotion. reprelentlng and P. E. I. truckers, did nothing at that time to counteract the C. N. R.'I "nlllnx" effortl. We not on the sidelines and lot them go to it. They had free rein to convince all and Iundry that their

trucking p ooulo were tho right one: for Prince Edward Island. yet they failed to win the mud

supplementary to rail

Prince Edward

at their rate structure. continue

W8)'l.

The Age-old Story

- &x5 .

And. behold, there was a cor- tlln man before him which had "10 'll'0PIy. And Jesus answering IDI-lie unto the lawyers and Plur- Iseel. uylnr. In it lawful to heat

on the sabbath day? held their Deuce. And he took him. In: hauled him, and let him 30' In on red th yin; Which of vouiwsiuu hIv.omdn':u .,' gt into :1 Plukmand will II the Sabbath (-1:57: out on

approval of the Government. the Olbposittlllan. the newspapers. or NW 0 er re resents

body. P live public Subsequently came the railway strike of August. 1950. Exactly what happens when railway; get' control of transportation facilities . operations was revealed in the disastrous lt0l1Daxe 'of the Department of Transports car ferry, Abegweu, operated by the C. N. R. as the agent for the Department. Not lmi” the dylnl hours of the nine- day strike did the C.N.R.-operated ferry start running again. Is it not fair to talk if this was not a, foretaste of what will happen if "19 C- N- R-. owninz and operating trucks as well as car ferries, should be strike-bound at some future date? The implications for Island shippers need no elaboration.

1-331 year. legislative opinion-- rightly. we believe--was against a .N.R. monopoly of surface trans- portation in Prince Edward Is- land. While the Island Province moves into the grip of C. N. R. transportation control, every other Province to benefltting from the constructive growth of the truck- ing industry. In these provinces. the railways have been put on their mettle. They have been forc- Gd 10 ICED up and improve their service to the public. They have had to take a second long look They will g to have to do these things an long as they are chal- lenged by fast, flexible. econom- lcal trucking service on our high-

That Is free enterprise. That is competition. That is what most of us believe in here in Canada. Who can deny that the public is benefittinz from it?

Is it not good for Prince Ed. ward Island to have highway transport operated independently

by local businessmen -- men cap-

able of providing good 'urvlce in normal timer. and of stepping into the transportation breach In on emergency such or a complete stoppage of all railway operations which the nation experienced last. ear?

C. A. '1'. A. is opposed to roll- wuy operation of highway trans- port. It ll not selfish oppoaitlon. When the railways buy their way into the trucking bullnels. they pay good prices. Put: experience of railway truck lino purchases Indicates that it is profitable for tho trucker to Iell his b A to

And they '

Get you back into the groin?

SEPTEMBER 20: 1951

wt

31

world better off it Deputy-Foreign Minister Andrei Clromyko and his associates of the Kremlin were shot. But every precaution must be taken to see they are not assassin- ated while in a free. democratic country. The wisdom of a strong police guard escorting the soviet -delegation in San Francisco, After reported threats by white Rus- sians. should be self,-evident. Noth- ing would play into the hands of the Kremlin more than to have Mr. Gromyko killed while attend- ing a peace conference in the United states. Though such an as- sassinatlon would have been the work of bitter exiles from Russia. soviet. propaganda would try to convince its own people. and as many others as possible, it was part of a dellbeote plot by a war-seek- in; United States. We cannot win our conflict with communism by assassination. - Windsor Daily Star.

What has been described as the first major international research project under the E. C. A. Teen- nical Assistance scheme is being financed jointly by the Irish Gov- eminent and by E. C. A. to in- vestigate the possibility of the commercial extraction of gasolene from post. According to E. C. A. headquarters in Washington, this is "one of the best development proposals yet to come out of a Marshall Plan" country." For a long time the extraction of gaso- lene from peat has been known to be technically possible. but very costly. The basis of the scheme is to heat the peat slowly. gaslfy it, and use the gases given off. one of these gases is nitrogen which can be used to manufacture nit- rate fertilizers. The remaining products can be used together with a. "cracking" plant. to pro- duce gasolene or other liquid fuels, or alternatively to drive gas-pow- cred electric generators. -News of Ireland.

Notes By The Way x g 4

(l

Plenty of people would think the .N-uirltlonius have dngud M

the old chestnut of what const- tutes an adequate breakfast 3n: the results of "carefully m'nm,". ed experiments" are the subject or an article in a U. S. publication The. ”new" discovery 1. actually” hoary with age, because in his first year of office as Ontario's mum, ter of health, Russell '1'. Kelley started quite a. controversy 1, stating that a hot dog and a bot. lie of pop did not. make a p,-ope, lunch for working girls. and the lack of a proper breakfast was , sure invitation to ill health. My Kolley was quite pointed in his re. marks to the effect. that under: nourished girls could not expect to become healthy mothers, or 5.53, healthy offspring. He also sug. gested that the efficiency of the work was impaired when working girls - or men- failed to observe good eating habits. Nutritionisu are continually telling people What is best for them to eat, but we nvc afraid it is mostly the children who drink their apple juice in the mornings. - Sudbui-y Dally star, S Through 12 years of a s '

the British people have miiixiiiif. cd and improved their health to , remarkable degree. They haw 0, course. have been in no great an. ger of incurring the ills caused by over-eating. But the main credit for their record must go :4, pk, vcntivc services and social meas- ures like the "fair shares" policy on living standards, milk ma meals for school children, and the national health scheme. Sir John Charles. in his first annual repon as chief medical officer of the mnlsiry of health, puts the civilian death rate at 11.8, lower than in any year since 1938. except 194; For the fourth year in succession infant mortality has decreasecf The birth rate continues to up above the average of the 19303,- gottowu. Citizen.

A21 P. 2 7;-.ae.i

CLOVER

Tell me-for I long to knowA I-low. hi darkness there below, was your fairy fabric spun. Spread and fashioned. three in one?

Did your gossips gold and blue. Sky and Sunshine, choose for you, Ere your triple forms were seen. Suited llverles of green?

Can ye.-if ye dwelt indeed captives of 1 prison seed,-

Like the Genie, onoe again

Little masters, may I stand

In your presence, hat in hand, Waiting till you solve for me This your threefold mystery!

Refrigeration

SALES and SERVICE Repairs To All Makes

MOTORS

Rewinding and Repairs ELECl'RlOAL APPLIANCE Repairs

Palmer Electric PHONE 1444

-John Banister Tabb.

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

M. Albdn Former B.A.. LL. 3. MONEY T0 LOAN Charlottetown, P. E.l.

A. Waltlien Gruudof. LL. 8.

BABEISTER. SOLIUITOII, Ell. Phillip: Building 11! Grafton Street Money to loan Collection

Chus. R. McQuuid

B.A. BAIIRISTER, SOLICITOB. NOTARY. Eta-. Intern Tron Building CEAELOTPETOWN Phone I'll!

Palmer & Hoslom A. J. HASLAM. B.A.. LLB. Barrister. Etc.

Bank of Nova Scott: Gumbel Charlottetown P.E.l. MONEY To LOAN

MocPheo & Trainer

ll.l'. MIEPHEE. B.A.. K.O.

E. BOMERLED TRAINOE. B A. Barristers, . to.

Joseph R. MocMillun. LL.B.

BABRISTER. s0I.l(:l'I'0ll. EM

. 15 Queen street

I Pll0Nf 1'16 Money to Lon Collection

J. S. TIVLOB

Optomelrllt Eyu onmlneo, gluon mm

Corner Rent A Queen so. Office Pbore 1.956-Bonn loll

BYRON J. GRANT 0.0.

OPTOMI-:'I'ulsT IZBM Item street

PI!0Nb I19 Adjoining North American Hotel

Am

Allison M. Giliis,

J. A. CARRITTHERS

the railways and start new else- where. In other wordy, Ielf-ln- tereot would dictate a policy of inviting the railways to come in and start buying up the truck- ing industry lock. stock, and bar- rel; then all of us in the industry could go away and book in the Florida sunshine at nllwny ex- pense! But the C. N. R. will at.- taln no such monopoly ,by default The urgonlzed trucking industry

R.0. "-3- oProms'nus'r lAnBlsTl:l:':0I.IclTOB.' PHONE 572' no Richmond st. . oimvm 123 Kent Street "'3". "0 (Next to Simpson; AS01195” - g 3 Dr. A. I.. Muclsooc , ""- rm" E 5"" nr.N'ns'r virriuunuw simur;oN 9”” Ln" Plum no no I-ownu all abouts numomo up Gun". 3;, office noun Pbono NI 3, Appointment

Canada.

We urge that the public and its ' A ponder this Issue.

No one can deny that a decision must be made very soon on to whether trunlportgtlon uonclol will develop freely and competit- lvoly, of gravitate into all m- bnclnx control by the can: In Railways.

I am, Sir, elc..

JOHN MAGEE.

Executive Secretary

Canadian Automotive Transportation Association

Toronto. Sept. 18, 131.

(No franchise was involved. in the arrangements for provid- ing a better mail service. Any- one. even a railway. may if- cenu and operate trucka in Prince Edward Inland.--Ed. G.)

will resist every effort of the C. ,4 N. 1;. to c r , ' lu roli- . way llncl onto the highways of 4"”

In and George

II. it. com and commit A

CIIAITIIED ACCOUNTANTS

BL. Charlottetown

Phonon 2&0 - M11 - Box M1 IANDOLPII W. MANNING. C.A

' IIMA l'. MocI'lIEllS0N 05

other office: It llnllfu. Mansion. at. John's. Amln-.nl, mriv lnouth. Icntvillo. uvorpool. Now ulnogmv and 'IrII'0

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