'.'iii;' GUARDIAN. , , JPAGENlNE-

iiilslvjllcirrs tlliioricisiwfgt I cosuccm VIITII 3 Silver Fox and 3

Mink Farming

MAY .17. 1952 . ' '

Moore'G' McLeod Limited 6

ca 3

llmry Wall Flame Oil Burner

The Torldheot burner is slmpllclty it- sell. There are no gears, pumps, del- icate valves nr tiny noasles to get out oi order. Nolseless operation is assur- ed by one selilubrlcating moving part, -the Nu-ropeller. 'l'oridheet's exclusive advantages aro (1) positive bearing lub- rication. (2) constant circulation or ircsh oil to bearing surfaces while burn- or is oporatinl. (3) bearings are al- ways completely ' ' in oil even slur-lag b shutdown periods. Once installed Torldheot will give years oi islthiul fool-proof performance with a minimum of attention.

For every size and type of home.

old or now. there's a Fuel-Saving. TORIDHEET Oil Burner or complete

healing plant.

THERE IS A DIFFERENCE IN on. sunuca.

YOU GET ll WITH

TORIDHEE I. Rotary will Hing

Burmv

M sw- raridheer. puts

the llame where it does the most good . .. to give you maximum heating comfort. top siciencyp teal savings on fuel bills. Phone us for free estimate.

srtcmuinn Eoououv

rnovau av rnzronnsuct -

EASY TERM PAYMENTS TO FIT hNY FAMILY BUDGET

, SOLD IY

J. A. MacllllllALIl

PLUMBING AND HEATING i 1756-L

W ' VICKERSON ---"W

ENGINEERING C0.

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man

i E , , osclss tests It Vet Yeats llssl ' W .. Umlllllt BPIOVALI . unsdrivi-um' usenmpu . . New York City Ioard phltandards and Appeals .. Gosnlaoawsallh oi Massachusetts , lists of Oonnaetlou , caaadlan lianlards Association

"oi mutant color pelt production.

in the latest iuue oi the Na- tional rur News, published in Denver. -Colorado, are two very iiaa pictures taken at the 1951. P.l.!. lox and Mink show. The now. one is-"Brand ,Chalnpion Mink.- Front row: Leith Clarke, Surnmerslde. platinum. B. B. Jones. Bunbury, Stewart platinum, (held by Ernest T. Mill). Back row: George A. callback, pastel and Aleutian. Lowell Hancock. sapphire. Judge, John C. Maloney, l-i.B.C., Montreal. and B. B. Jones holding standard mink. The centre pic- ture is a class oi extra light silver male icx pups and shows George A. Callback looking over them to place the winners. The pictures are very clear and all the iox and mink are easily recognizable.

. The interest taken in white mink at various auctions has led to the publication oi an article by Dr. Richard M. Bhackeliord oi the United States Bureau of Animal Industry on White. Mink, that should be oi value to our ranch- ers hers . . . The gene ior al- binism was one oi the first mu- tant genes to reveal its presence in the ranch-bred mink. The color phase resulting irom homozygosity ior this gene, however. is not a clear white, but ranges in color irom individuals essentially white except for some pigment on the nose and tail to others with the whole body showing a creamy white. White to near-white mam- mals with pink eyes are, by de- iinition, called albinos. and it is not peculiar to the mink ior the albino to be more or less creamy white as a number oi species ex- hibit similarly ' 2 "pink-eyed" whites. The albino color phase in the iitcli, s. close relative oi the mink, could be more correctly styled a pink-eyed Yellow than a White.

" , rlrnentation with platinum and pastel color phases occupied most oi the time and resources oi the mink breder in the iirst days

This isct. coupled with the lack oi clear 'teness in the albino mink. lcd ranchers to neglect the albinos and very soon the breeding stocks oi this color phase were relatively small in numbers, lead- ing to the present scarcity oi ai- bino individuals. The so-called "dominant whites" demonstrated that a clear, snowy white mink pelt was de' 4 in limited quan- tities by the iur trade, so the race was on to produce this type oi pelt.

There are several ways. genetical- ly speaking, to produce a clear white mink pelt. The "dominant whites" were at iirst thought to fill the bill. but there are. three criticisms oi these genotypes. Tho least serious is that (1) they usual- ly have pigmented areas on the head and at the base or the tall; the two most serious are that (2) neither of the genotypes is pure breeding in the sense, that the term is understood by mink breed- ers. and (3) "dominant whites" are, without known exception. re- ported by ranchers to be poor pro- ducers (on the average). It would seem unnecessary to go into the mechanics of producing these two genotypes since all ranchers are aware that ordinary dominant whites are either homozygous ior the gene ior Black Cross. or hete- rozygous ior the genes ior Black Cross and Bluirost. Attention should be drawn here to another type which might properly be call- ed I "dominant white", that is. some oi the homozygous Stewart plstinulns are clear white with

lack eyes. At least the males oi this genotype are supposed to be sterile so we need dwcel,no long- er on this type, except to indicate that product oi such mink will depend upon the, ideas oi the in- dividual rancher.

Present knowledge indicates that

the simplest way in .produco a clear white mink is by the use oi a mutant gene that appears to have iir-st been discovered in Illn- nesota, mink homozygous ior this gene being known as the "Hed- lund White." This gene is not generally available to mink ranch-

-crs at this time. so the question

arises as to other genetic ways of produ' pure breeding clear wllites. The answer to this is that there are several ways. al- though all oi them require con- sidcrable time and in ,the process will give color phases that are oi little commercial value.

one pure breeding white that is in production on some ranches results irom making a mink homozygous ior both the gene ior Black Cross and albinism. is done (1) Black Cross -x Albino matings, followed the next year by (2) matlngothe Black Cross kits together, the result being that one in 16 is the desired genotype. One gene ior Black Cross is oi- ten enough to limit the pigment in a mink to a small spot on the head and at the base oi the tail; this being true, some of the pink- eyed whites irom this second cross may appear to be homozygous for both genes when in iact they are only heterozygous ior Black Cross which may lead to the appearance of creamy white individuals in future generations. To test such a pink-eyed white for homoaygosity ior Black Cross, mate to any solid color (dark, platinum, pastel) in- dividual and 100 per cent Black Cross patterned kits will result ii it is homozygous. Ten kits, all Black Cross. should be enough to consider the individual hom- ozygous.

The spots on "dominant whites" may be diluted by making them homozygous ior any number of the well-known recessive mutant genes. The sapphire whites fall into this category; that is, such mink have the dominant genes indicated above for "dominant whites" and at the same time are homozygous for both the gene ior platinum and Aleutian. The net result is that the areas that would have been black or dark brown without these recessive genes are now light grey. It is doubtiui.that this is an econ- omical way to produce whites since the sapphires alone are too dear to be used in this manner just now. and a clear white pelt is not discriminated against too much as a result oi the very small pigment- ed areas on the head and at the base of the tail.

Another way oi making pure white mink is to accumulate re- cessive mutant genes along with the gene ior albinism. This re- sults in varying degrees oi clear- ness in pink-eyed whites, depend- ing upon the number and kind 0! genes used. On rule that seems to be without exception in mink genetics to date is as iollows: when combining recessive mutant genes. the double, triple. etc.. recessives that result are always noticeably lighter in color than the lightest color phase entering the combina- tion. Whether or not this method is an economical way to produce pure whites depends upon the practices and operations oi the individual rancher. There are undoubtedly other genotypes in the mink which produce a pure white pelt. The above summary lists only those which are iairly well known. Should the market 4 d more clear white pelts than are forthcoming irom these sources, mink breeders will probably resort to their usual ingenuity in meet- ing thc demand by exploring other genetic possibilities.

WASHINGTON. May 14 -(AP) -Announced U. S. battle casualt- ics,in Korea reached 108.413 today, an increase oi 241 since last week.

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'ChIldrsn's Dirndl Skirts - elastic waistband,

. GREAT . Basement Values

Week - End

- Friday and Saturday-a -

Wonderful Values

-In The Basement

Where You Pay Cash

And Buy For Less, MENiS C? BOYSi BASEMENT ,

Men's Overalls and Jumpers, liigli or low back, good

quality 7 1-4 oz. denlm- Reg. selling for 54.25 to 34.75-Special. each ...................... ..

Men's All Wool Cardigan Sweaters in heather shades of

blue, brown, grey and maroon. 4 Sizes 36 to 42. Reg. 56.50 - Special, each a

Men's Pullover Sweaters, hard wearing worsted yarns, In zipper neck style, colors wine, blue and green. 3 Reg- 54.45 - Now only .................................. .. I Men's Shirts-dress and sport styles - sonfarlzsd shrunk -- ploins, plaids and stripes - all sizes l4 rl-2 2 to 17 - Reg. 52.95 - Special, each .......... I 75c

Men's Purple Top Work Sex - r -

39c pair - 2 pair ........................................... ...

Men's Medium Weight Underwear - combination style, cream shade.

Short sleeve and ankle length -V ' each ...... ..

each

Painter's Wlilie Overalls - Sizes 36 to 44 - pair

Menfs Handkerchiefs - kliakl, polka dot, red and blue - 2 for .......................................... ..

Men's Pullover Sweaters, crew neck style, ln diamond and jacquard designs - sizes 38 to 44. Reg. 54.95. 3.50

Now only, such .............................................. .. I 4.95 5.50

Man's Jumbo Knit Coat Sweaters - navy blue only - slzes 36 to 44-each ..

Men's "Corliortt" Overall: In high or low back styles-slzas 36 to. 44 - per pair .................. ..

Men's Dungarsas, hard wearing 71-4 or.

denim In sizes 30 to 42 - Rag. 53.50 per pair - E T I

Man's Work Shirts, solid shades and fancy checks - all sizes from 14 1-2 to 17 - Reg. 52.25 value - 1.95

owtyen y, one ................................. ...... ....

Men's Jockey type Shorts and Tops - bcth for

Men's Khaki Dusters - quick to slip on while changing car tires, etc. 3-4 length, button front - 5.00

Reg. 56.00 each - Special, each .................. ..

'l .1 5 Men's Donegal Tweed Cops - ' all sites, each ...................... .. . ....................... .. J I89

Boys' Work Shirts solid colors and fancy checks - sizes 12 to 14 - Reg- Sl.59 and 51.69 each - 1 19 I

Now clearing at only, each .......................... .. Boys' Dress Shirts - sizes 12 to l4 in brown, blue, grey and green stripe designs -

3.-. 1.25

Special each 95c 95c

Boysf Balbriggon Combination Underwear - strap shoulder and short legs - all sizes 26 to 34 - 1 I

each

Boys' Pullover Sweaters - small dog and rabbit designs

- in sizes 28 to 32 - colors red and blue - 1 I

each .

Boya' Zipper Jackets - aliarksklns, saline and gabardlnes- solid colors ondtwo tone designs - sizes 3 24 to 36-reg. 54.95 value-Now only ......... ... a

2.75

2.50 Boys' Long Pants in cheviols,

coverts and iweeds - Value priced

tram ............... . ....... .. to 69c

Men's Half Hoso.- smart design: and colors - sixes l0 to ll l-2 - real value at - 2 pair

Boys' "T" Shirts, short sleeve style, small design in colors maroon, blue and brown - ouch

Boys' Shirts and shorts in sizes small, medium and large" - both for ................. .......... ..

Boys' Dungorees in a good quality denim - sizes 24 to 34 - each

Boys' Overalls - sanferlzsd shrunk - sizes 24 to 34 - reg. 52.95 - Now only, such .. ............ ..

Boys' Golf I-lose - good colors - sizes 6 to l0-pair ..

Also in the Menls Basement

7 only Tweed Sport Coats - sizes 36 and 38 only In both brown and grey-.-ooch....

5 only Men's Twosd Topc.ots-in sizes 35 - 36 - 37 and 40 only - Priced to clear- 8 each ..... . . ..... ........ I V

4 only Man's Smoking Jackets - fawn and brown

colors - sizes 36 and 40 only - also priced to clear at only, such .............. ..

3 only Boys' fawn color llalncoets - .flne quality

material in sizes 24 and 27 only - Rog. Sll.50-Priced to clear at-eoch....

Ladiesi Basement

100 Children's Dresses - a really wonderful spacial - smart check gingham in various colors - 2 price groups. Sizes 2 to 6'- Reg. 51.95 -

', ' ', each Sizes 7 to T2 - Reg. 2.65 -

Special. each ........................... . ...... Clvlldran's Cotton-Print Dresses - smart floral designs - Injslaes 2 and 4 only - Reg. 81.39 - 1 Now priced at only, each . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. a Cl1Ildron's Corduroy Overalls - sizes 2 to 6 - In colors bluoond wlno'- leg. 52.35 value - 1 Weekend Special, each ........ a , smart floral designs In sizes 7 to T2-each Children's Dirndl Skim - In altos 7 to 1-2 - 1 also with elastic wel&and - each ...... a Children's Pullover Sweaters - wonderful value in Pan- madn's.oll wool pullpvarls - sizes 2 - 4 end 6 - solids on stripes - Specie va us -

eselv ' ZI1 9 Children's Cotton Sllps - while only - In 1 altos) to 14 - oeeli - . .. a'

Children's Briefs - msdlum weight - cream shade-sizes 2-4 and 6-rep. 59c-Now only, such

we 1 .79 2.25

Children's Anklets - a large, smart assortment - at a very low price - sizes 5 to 8 1-2 - Now priced

to clear at, pair . l.adlss' Sllpa in wonderful wearing, "Coral Crepe" - stralght cut, while only In sizes 32 to 40 -

each .. . I95

l.adies' Rayon Slips with lace trim at top and 1 ltsmllns-straight cut-white only, such a

, . i.adlss' Rayon Slips, bias cut, lace trlm at tep- 1 while only - sin: 32 to 42 - each I ladlaa' Panties, plain shades of pink and maize - slus small, medium and large - new prleed to clear at only - pair . Lsdles' Flennsllstt Pylemos, pink and blue in smart

floral designs - sixes medium and large only Reg. 8325 and 83.50 - Now only. each y

Children's Seersucker Pyjamas in colors blue, pink and yellow-sizes 2 to 6-Special per pair

Children's Seersucker Pyjamas, as above in sizes 8 to l2-par pair .................................. ..

. motes Msusoo