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THe DAILY KAaMINER, CHARLOTLETOWN FEBRUARY 3, 1900
mots 70 Dairy FParoniog.
— es
(Paper Read by FG. Bovyor, fk q ,jbefore the Farmers’ and Drirymen‘s Association.) n | its rapid tof date Pulping is quite as et-
sjtective when turnips, mangles, sugar
a) : Or Carrots are part . 1tOnS nO prop etic vision to say the dairy in dustry is to be the chief source of rev enue in future to Prince Edward Island '. mmon characteristic of our] soil is tO give quick returns for skillfu cultivation, the first requisite being nd.aint applications of stable or ot manures Chis constant demand for lizers must ever be responded to
by the Island farmer w'o hopes to get profita sle returns for his labor and in vestments in land and other accessories to the cultivator’s outfit. We have all heard of the old Scotch farmer’s dying advice to his son: “‘Never go in debt for anything, except it be manure.” The chief difficulty is in deciding the most economical way in which to buy that manure. The man who gets good milk cows and supplements hs home supply of cattle feed by buying, is in that way adding to his manure heap just as certainly as he who expends cash for chemical fertilizers or drags stable manure from the town; and, if he uses judgment in his feeding oper. ations, at no cost.
One serious loss which the dairy specialist is compelled to face is the slaughtering of the newly-born calves whose production has cost a large am unt of animal strength, or in other
words, food. This brings me to the first and perhaps th2 principal “adjunct to dairy farming.” If those
ealves which come during the months when butter-making is going on at the factory are raised on the skim milk their food will cost but little, and their sale, either as yearling stockers for the Northwest Territories, or as well de-$ veloped fat cattle, can add materially to the iarmer’s income without in- creasing that laborious and time-con- suming, although but little spoken of, milking operation.
1 know Iam, when advising the use of the double purpose cow, talking rank heresy in the opinion of some dairy enthusiasts ; but Ifind Governor Hoard, m Hoard’s Dairyman, advises the use of the double-purpose cow. With such ar authority at my back I feel safe, But
RESULTS
are better than opinions, and at the risk of being tiresome I will give a few figures from the report of the Ontario Bureau of Industries, in which six typical fairly well matched counties are exhibited ; two of these, Leeds and Hastings, are purely dairy counties. $348,000 was made from cattle killed or sold, and $1,450,000 was made out of milk, (or say) $1,800,000 in all.
In the counties of Wellington and Ontario where beef production is the ene consideration, abot $108,000 was got from milkand $1,500,020 fromcattle killed or sold, or a little over $1,600,- goo. Difference in favor of the two dairy counties, $200,060,
But in Middlesex and Oxford, the two counties devoted to the double- purpose cow, over $1,000,000 was made froin milk and over $2,000,000 from cattle killed or sold, or consider- ably over $3,000,000 all told.
Thus the double purpose ccunties made a million and a quarter more out of cattle than the purely dairying counties.
‘HE NEXT ADJUNCT?’
to the
.. : the pig
dairy in point of importance is [ 30 much is said and written, hese days, about the bacon h og, that - find it difficult to say anything about hat animal which wil! not butt against ae statement of some one supposed .o be an authority. Thus we have yeen told that 150 lbs. was the right weight for the bacon hoz, yet we find at the last fat stock Ontario show, in the dressed carcase tent, the first and second prize bacon hogs dressed weight was 309 |bs. and 328 lbs. respectively. This fact lets a little light into a dark and puzzling question; the 328 pig was only six months and got second prize over a large uumber of lighter com- peting carcasses. How does that tally with the claim that the bacon hog should have the high backbone of the tregiieg horse and the nervous activity of a milk cow? The truth is there is little or no difference between the re- quirements of a first-class hog for bacon or oae for barrelling. The fashion is
‘mixed with meal. The most successful { : | pig feeder I have heard of, sows earl,
1.}red clover seed in a rich mellow field
D
n tne spring as soon as the sn ywWimeits No harrowing is needed. In early summer the clover is ready for his
Pp pigs which he puts into the field
ut the rate of 20 or 30 to the acre, giv- ing a sn.all addition of meal to supple- ment the clover. His figures prove his hogs to cost him, when fit for the packer, two and a half cents a pound.
Sheep are animals which in no way can claim to come in as an adjunct to dairying. Nor yet is this country adapted to the business of sheep-raising in sufficiently large numbers to make that branch of farming a specialty. Yet sheep, in small flocks, have been in the past, and are certain to be in the future, a popular adjunct to most of our farms.
!
i
CANADIAN LAMB AND MUTTON NOW THE FASHION
in American cities, and the price of wool has taken so decided a move up that sheep are likely to make a better figure in farm receipts.
No animal is so indispensable to the farmer as the horse. It should be the earnest study of the dairy farmer to know what the requirements of the rest of the world are and get a profit from his surplus horse supply. We have been hearing for some time back that the day of the horse was past, and neither in war nor in peace was the horse to be needed in future. The war now in progress has already taught the world a lesson, and although the Boers will soon learn that the words of an old book are true when it says the “ Herse is a vain thing for safety.” Yet the horse has regained his old place in the
ARE
eyes of the civilized world. And, without the war, the every-day events of life prove that the horse of the right stamp’ will ever
be wanted. But the farmer who aims to raise horses to supply the demand must know what description of horse is in demand and act accordingly. THERE WAS A FAMOUS
man in England, many years ago, named William Cobbet who wrote a book to prove that tall people were the best and most useful. If he was right regarding humanity, it is certain no other domestic animal is wanted with long legs. One of the first requisit-s of pigs, sheep, cows or horses is short legs and blocky bodies. No market in Europe or America wants leggy, small girted horses, such as are too numerous with us. It would be a blessing to this province if the only stallions used were well bred Clyde and Shire stallions. Increased size is of! the greatest importance. Every class of horse is more valuable if large. So that quality should be gained before the more fancy points are looked for. The most successful breeder of grand carriage horses and hunters in England uses as brood mares fine bred shires These with a first-class thoroughbred stallion, are the stock he work; with. So the first aim of the farmer, even if he wants to breed saddle or carriage horses, is to seek to get larger dams by first breeding his little mares to cart stallions, and some of the progeny will make good dams for his more active stock. This takes tim: But what real success can be attained in any de- partment of agriculture without the ex- penditure of much patiesce,—or as Holy Writ has it, “ The husbandman waiteth long and patiently for the fruit of his toil.”
Poultry, especially hens, are a na- tural and very profitable adjunct to all farms. They are considered to bring In more cash for the food used than any other stock. At one time the smaller breeds, such as Hamburgs and Leghorns, were:the best liked as they are great egg layers. Butif the fattening stations are successful in educating us in preparing poultry for the Old Country market, the larger breeds such as Brahamas, Plymouth Rocks, or Wy- andottes must be in the ascendant.
So far each of the adjuncts to the dairy farm I _ have _ described are liberal contributors to the manure heap. Occasionally we hear farmers discuss the comparative values
now for a moderately fat sample of all soris of meat. If beef or mutton is very fat, the butcher can’t sell the fat, but must slice it off and throw it into the tallow pile. All domestic animals that are intended to be fed profitably must have a well-rounded barrel over the parts holding heart and lungs, skin must be soft and pliable to the touch and hair as fine and silky as can be got. The more sluggish the tempera- ment the faster the development of protit.
I hope to see the time when cooking for pigs or any other animal will be
of manure made by different animals or birds. ‘The truth is the value ofthe manure is ruled by the food given }and the care with which the liquid land solid parts are preserved,—the | animal having little or no influence. You all know better than I do how to produce the necessary food. But I must have a word to say in favor of that unjustly denounced root— SWEDE TURNIP which is rated ‘*‘ The sheet anchor of British Agriculture.” The English or Scotch farmer alike, will tell you that]
ies
te «*
7 -—?
annual cron from a hundred acre farm.
be feeder of cattle for beef, the shep keeper and the dairy feed turnips in quantities only measured by the appetite of the animal. No crop we grow is so pecu- liarly well adapted to our own soil and imate as the swede. We can pro- iong the planting season into July with
horse
j “a werd, Ul
’ man alike,
turnips and finish off the harvest utter the middle of November with iraips. And with bone meal or
erphosphates as ahelp twenty tons Ȥ good siable manure to the acre will rive paying results.
_
rH UP-TO-DATE DAIRY FARMER Vi ha yy iminy
‘en devoting all his energies years, to the welfare of his iutle, »» <3, horses, sheep and poultry, vill find nis land getting more produc- ive year affer year, and his manure ole assuming formidable dimensions. ‘le will thea be in a position to make a new departure ; and I will invite him to consider the promising feature of fruit growing, more especially apples, for the British mirket. So many of our people lack faith in the fruit grow- ing capacity of our Island home, that I willremind them ofa few incidents respecting Island fruit growing which may have escaped their memory.
We all remember the abundance of the juiciest and richest of such wild fruitas strawberries, rasberries, black- berries, blueberries, wild goosberries, wild cherries etc., which the country while new produced. ‘Then, many of us remember when plums grew and ripened in the orchards in the most Javish profusion. They used during those happy days to be taken to Char- lottetown market, loaded on carts in bulk, barrels, boxes and{big clothes- baskets being toosmall to hold the quantities offered for sale. The black knot scourge put an end to that; but plums are a notedly tender fruit, and the fact that our soil and climate did produce that fruit in great perfection, stamps this amodel fruit growing coun- try. Our cultivated cherries are recog- nized as the best that growin America. The apple trees planted by the early settlers are still living and producing fruit, some of them being over one hundred and thirty years old. Our younger orchards are notedly thrifty and healthy. Fruit growers from abroad are surprised at the good appear- ance of our apple trees, but are disgusted with our careless, ignorant way of caring for our orchards, pruning and cultivation being usually totally neglected. Nor should we forget the signal success Our small shipment of apples to Britain met in that pernickety market.
There still remains tu be mentioned
the most valuable and interesting ad-
junct which is to be found on many of
our dairy farms,
THE BOYS AND GIRLS
who should, in the near future, be the masters and mistresses of dairy farms. Are we sure that we are giving them the training in our public schools which will draw their young and en- quiring minds towards our grand call- ing which is the only available industry of our Island, and the one which fur- nishes almost the entire revenue, public and private, of our community? Let us remember that one haif the entire public income of our province is ab- sorbed by our school system ; and not content with that, debt is contracted by our government to build a college which is the fountain from which flows the educational training that. is impart- ed to our boys and girls. What is it like? Well, it affords a style of train- ing which originated during the dark ages four or five hundred years ago. Its sole object is to prepare the pupil for Theology, Law, or the Medical profession. The pupil who does not take kindly to the lines of study which lead towards these prefessions, is an eye-sore to the teacher anda disgrace to the school. A famous wise man writes, “ Train up a child in the way he should go and when he is old he will not depart trom it.”
The natural and mevitable result of ancient and stupid schools is that a very large proportion of the pupils get more harm than good from the years they have lost in school. And the contempt and abhorence they imbibe soon leads to their wandering off to other and much less desirable pursuits. What is needed is more of nature as it really is, and less of books. Let the teacher keep close to nature, as it is right at home,—in the fields, along the roadside, in the running brook—look- ing for the simple working of nature’s ways. Who has not seen a lot of little boys and girls condemned to sit with books and studies which they neither understand nor like but feel that there is something wrong.
This Island is tar behind in this business. Both in Earope and Amer- ica other systems of education are in- troduced into the elementary schools.
| — ere ne eee
done
future possiblities reminds me of some verses 1 read long ago:
‘¢ An old farm house with meadows wide,
And sweet with clover on each side,
A bright-eyed boy who looks from out
The porch with woodbine wreathed about,
And thinks all day amid his play,
Oh, could I only fly away
From this dull spot, the world to see,
How happy, happy, happy, how happy I should be.
Amid the city’s noise and din,
A man who round the world had been,
Who, ’mid the tumult and the throng
Is thinking, thinking all day long,
Oh could I only tread once more,
The field path to the farm house door,
The old green meadows could I see,
How happy, happy, happy, how happy I should be.”
arene letter
GOFF BROS, CARD ! : DR. H-L. DICKEY
(Late Clinical Assistan at Royal Lon Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, and Central London
Throat and Ear Hospital’)
SPECIALIST--Rye, Ear, Nose. and Teroat,
O ¥FFicz—Cameren Block R ESIDENCE—Richmeid Street, West. OFFice HevRs—9 30am,to lpm,2toipm Breniags by appeintment Eyes Testea and Fitted With @lesses
TO LET.—The store on Qneen Street now
The discontent engendered in the
’ } occupied by twenty acres of turnips is the usual‘ youthful mind with farm life and its: 2%
the Boston Optical Compan on given March Ist, Apply to
ness.
1 am feeling well and strong. simply marvelgous What they
| Goin . Up Stairs.
If you are suffering from the blood) or from a weak heart the fact will be made painfully apparent every time you have: occasion to walk up stairs.
anzemia (poverty of
On such occasions does your heart beat vio. —
lently? Do you feel out of breath? Do your limbs ache, and are you easily exhausted ?
These are signs of anaemia and heart weak. Palor, sunken eyes, thin cheeks, loss of © appetite, and general languor are other signs, Organic disease of the Heart or Consumption — may easily follow if your condition is neglected —
Dr. Williams’
ee have for me, and I shall always rec-
ommend them to my friends.”’
es
z i % PIR Why Ve Faw ee THES
44 eae
Pink Pills
dD wok ee Page es
: FOR PALE PEOPLE,
° * cure anzemia and heart weakness, and banish all these symptoms. They make men and women
. » | strong and energetic, and are equally valuable for young and old. These pills make new, rich blood with every dose, and strengthen weak or exhausted nerves.
HEALTH BROKEN DOWN. HAD NOT STRENGTH TO WALK.
Mr. John Barley, Lachute Mills, Miss Leba C. Schilling, Penins caceaok't 4 p to about seven years Gaspe, Que., writes:— t had suffered ago 1 had always been a healthy for some time with a weary feeling, man. At that time my health began I had not strength to walk about. I to give wav, and at last I was left could not walk even a short distance almost a ph: sical wreck, the least without being out of breath. I took exertion would legve me breathless no interest in anything, as I thought : and exhausted and for the last five nothing could do me any poems 4 vears have not been able to do On the recommendation of a frien steady work for the best part of the A decided to. try air. Williams’) time, and as the many medicines I Pink Pills. I had only taken them — tried failed to help me, I had begun for a short time when I noticed a to lock upon my case as_ almost great improvement. I was strong 4 hopeless. Finally a friend urged me enough to Walk a long distance with ; to try Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills, and out resting, and felt better in every now after the use of only five boxes Way. I would recommend Dr. Wil-
liams’ Pink Pills highly to all other sufferers, and think they will be sur- prised at the results obtained from their use.’’
Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills have also cured paralysis, locomotor
These pills are a tonic,
ataxy, rheumatism, and sciatica; also all diseases arising from impoverishment of the blood, scrofula, chronic erysipelas, con- sumption of the bowels and lungs, general muscular weakness, loss of appetite, palpitations, pains in the back, nervous head- ache, and neuralgia, early decay, all ladies’ weaknesses and hysteria. druggists or by mail post paid at 50 cents a box or six boxes for $2.50, by addressing the Dr. Williams’ Medicine Co., Brock- ville, Ont.
Sold by all
not a purgative.
As many worthless substitutes are offered be sure you ask
for Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills for Pale People.
: mnt
OTICE
———_—————
As we have disposed of our
business, all accounts
grocery must be settled either
by cash or note, bearing interest, before
February
store, Le Page’s old s
15th, 1900, on which date the | books will pass to other hands for collectiot Settlements can be made at our impleme
tand, Queen St.
U7. CRANT & co}
Feb 2—d¥eod wy
YOU WANT
rm
LAGE
TO RE
——SOME OF YOUR——
BLUE DISHES.
We are selling the balance cent discount. Call and get a bargain at
W.
Ce eee
stock of Blue Ware at 25 per
P. COLWILL'S —
ae ie