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cHA1u.o'r'rE'rowN, muncs EDWARD Isi;AND oanairapsaruieoav, 'DECEMBER ag Toes. » f . k

Devoted to the L’ fatur

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5 eedfn 554' PRINCE "ilogih .istano

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. U' 'D \ HE Nl\_ME S_ANT1_\ CLAUS is only a_ contraction of thef German Sanltt Nikolausl '~

Totherwise Saint Nicholas, the patron saint of c_hild_r_en. The _old custom was for, some one to assume the costume of a bishop _and distribute small _gilts to good

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_ children. St. Nicholas _day was formerly December. 6 but the observance is now, . " . __ s , 5

LL associated with Christmastide. The Dutch use the nam! Kriss Krinzlgle, meaning the

. . _ly little Christ Child. The mysterious Santa _Claus with his long bear , warm garments I -

f and prancing reindeer steeds as we know him is an evolution from various myths and

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-' CHRISTMAS IN THE lf y

_- EA RL 1 E R D Ars YE OLDEN i TIME `

(By Senator Ferguson.) The beautiful custom of decking homeal i _ West Devon lies about thirty miles west led a hearty welcome, and been well cared

Heap on more wood the wind is chill, But let it whistle as it wlll We'll keep our Christmas merry still.

England was merry England when

Cid Uhristmas brought his sports again; i was Christmas breached the uilglitiost all,

`Twas Christmas told the nierrlest tale; A Christmas gainhol oft would checr The poor inan's heart through half thc year.

Sin Walxrim Scorr.

In the early days of the Christian era--

Clirlstmas was it moveable festival and

was often celebrated in April and May. Dui-ing the -ith century, Pope Julian l made an order for un investigation by theologians concerning the day of Chi'ist’s Nativity. The result was an agreement on the 25th of December, and since that

time Christians of ull shades of opinion ami diii'erent nat-lonali|.ies, have _joined in celebrating, on that day, tho advent of Christianiiy. Different ages and differ- ent nationalities have varied widely in the character of the celebration. By com- mon conseat, however, the anniversary has been considered in the double light of a holy commemoration and ii cheerful festival. In Roman Catholic countries the celebration of Mass at midnight, ushered in hy the ringing of bells, gave prominence to the devotional side of the anniversary.

“On Christmas eve, the bells were

rung;

On Christmas ove, the Mass \va.s sung." The songs of Christmas, called Carols

were introduced when Latin ceased to be

the language of tho common people. The Carols were reproductions, in manifold forms, of the songslof the Angels on the plains of Bethlehem. The clergy joined with the people in singing tile Carol, wliilc old and young took part in dancing to thc accompanying music of tambours‘ guitars, violins and organs.

'i`lien camo the Revcls, which originated

in the middle ages and were sometimes called “December liberties." All social

distinctions, and in mrliiy vases ordinary dccorum, were laid aside for the hour. High and low, rich and poor, wise and

frivolous joined in the merry-making.

Power laid his rod of rule aside And ceremony doil`cd his pride;

The heir with roses ln his shoes ` '1‘hot night might village partner choose.

The pleasures of the t-able,hnve evcrbocn

made to form an important part of the celebration of Christmas; but the BI‘|if|5l\ Islands led all countries in this respect- Iiencc the Italian proverb “lic l\i\H l'l10l”8 business than English ovenaat Christmas.” This feature of the British celebration of Christmas is plainly due to the Danish feast of Ioi. The date of that feast cor- responded with that of Christmas- Sir Walter Scott says that Christmas was known as Iol in his day in some parts of Scotland. The central dish at an old English Christmas dinner. WM A "S0\ll¢d boar'a head" which was borne to the fable with great state and solemniti-

Then the grim boar's head frowned on

high, ’

Crested with bays and rosemary

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There the huge slrioin reekefl; hM“| by Plum pm.,-|,|l;¢ stood; and ,Christmas

and churches of British countries with

practises of the Druids. The customs had

sylvan spirits found their abode,ln winter ln the evergreens and that they' warded » oil’ the effects of frost.

Holly and ivy are [favorite ever- greens in the major part of Great

amhridge. ln Prince Edward Island where evergreens are so abundant there is no excuse for allowing so beautiful a

custom to paso away.

The stem Puritanlc opposition to semi- religious festivities gave Thanksglviiig Daya prominence in Now England at tliel expense of Christmas. For the most im- portant charaeterlstic of modern Christ_ mas, in both Canada and the United

States, we are indebted toNorth Germany, Holland and Scandinavia. In these

countries, since the Reformation, Christ- mas has mainly taken the form of a

children's festival, and the eve of the, anniversary is devoted to giving presents.

gifts to one person who dressed in high buskins, a white robe, a mask and an enormous tlaxen wig, visited the homes on Christmas eve, called the children by name and bestowed the presents. This person was known as

original of Santa Claus. The New Eng

meeting of brothers and sisters under the

ages and countries, been associated withl

tithe of good, and we feel sorry to see

service, the church and home decoration with evergreens, the family reunion around a well-laden table, and the practi- cal expression of good wlll, having its central idea in the benign person of Santa Claus, remain. One cannot help feeling 5 pang of regret when he observes a

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Nor tailed old Scotland to Dl’0d“°° At auch high tide the savoury 80053'

evergreens,is inherited from the days and‘

its origin in the superstition that the’

Britain, but laurel is used in Oxford and, C l _

The Christmas tree is one of the devices _ .K ; _ d '

useainths aistriinaionof ms. Anon. r EDN- DONALD FERGUSQN P- C- '°‘""”"°’ fm” ms °m°"h°uld"° his

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method of distributing presents,in former Sem*t°f °f C°n°d°- “dst (A bag or nomifiunlelzfsg hsmekzlri days, in North Germany was to hand the ' ` men had his bm” -st' ~ r-~ rea '

it may be incomplete. The sight of the Quebec. The young minister was the “kms his °°y"h° h° °"'"L°d“°r Exmont vacant chair may reopen the cell where first English pastor of the St. James' BW marsh (5 'm"“°° °' l'“'° and U' lm" memory slept and recall thoughts ofliiiietliorlist church, Montreal. He had not °" three miles) mowed hay “ll day "nd ` those who are far away, or may never been in Canada long when he was mar- "’“1k°dh°m°“3“l"“f"" his d‘y'5 w°'k' again Join the happy circle. Or the'rled ton lady of Three Rivers. She was And this “°t' °"°r 8' "m°°l"‘ mad' but

passing year may not have been to some, A of English parentage, but grew up under 5°!" P*"l'5 °r "h° -l°“'"ey “° ma: at an

Knechl Rupert and was the ln time ofunmixed prosperity and happl- the care of her stepmother, a French~ ““‘l°"°” l-hi’ but Plailesibelnz W at nm"

_ll ness. But why should we dwell unduly Canadian, and spoke French as her W°“ld b'~" °°“°ld",'°d an lmpasslbh mad'

hmdem lmvlng dlscnnled many at thu on thoughts like these? Gaunt famine mother tongue. f One Spring, after the ice in the river had

old Engllsh Chrlstmlls wremonlnls bop has never approached our shores, and atl The allen l,mdl°l.ds of prlnce Edward broken up, James Grigg and Josiah Powe towed Santa Claus from the curly Dutch no former Chrlstmastide has he stood at a Island were all mls llme pmolalmlng the gotaoanoe, loaded it with some bags of

Somers of New York l greater distance than at the present ono_ ' merits of mls colnny and as "muy se"/lem wheat, and atailted down tile river tothe h

The family reunion has always formcdl The ml“lsL°“"g angels °f peace ““‘llW€f0 Hfflvlnil. MF- SUPOIIR Hfranlleil 1° grlsl"mnHuL°H1' when some ZF’ ml loaded it with timber for England, the

nn lnterestlng feature of Chrlsbmns enJ.oy_ lhcalth hover over our happy land, aniilmlm Glm,.lolllelo“.n “ml surroundlngs M tlieirjourney the wind began to ow a ment The lmpmved fncllllles fm, the blessing of Heaven has, during thelllls next pal.lsl,_ 'Lamlllm all the llnl, stiff’ breeze and one big wave dashing

travelling make it now more generally Dost year, been freely bestowed on the p_,lnl,0n lllelsllmd whlch WM seen by lb, against their frail bark, upset lt, und in luck “tended than ventm,_e_ ,for the

avnlluble than lu lomler dnys_ The joyful labours of all our people. l ,mp on whlch they lock plunge' Mn dawn went the wheat to the bottom of the

Bill? Build the Reneml lH\DDl“€5S ““‘l:anrl Mrs. Strong found themselves at °°°~- i

paternal roof, after lengthened absence pmsperlly' premmng '"°“"'lH“s‘ l’h“lT|iilliSll. U16 “Creme “°l`f~h end. *\l’°“l 5 _Tho ca-noe drifted toward the shore; brings joy to the hearts of the “old folks truth °t um wmds °[ Ullman’ the p°°r|l“1“dl`@d mile” ‘mm mel' d°5l|“”"l°“- the men supporting themselves by the nt homenand on-ers nll munml compensa- ye have always with you, is nevertheless Tha", was no mm and so the young um°e_ Fortunately than was n hall" tion forthe pwilniz Ui youth. a possible °”°9l’ "°'°'“°d‘ T'“`°""h “H th” °°““"'°“'~ °°“Pl° m°d° i'h°lfJ°“\‘“°Y 5? “W1 b°“ not or from the shore and with dlmouity impairment of heaith,oraloss of worldly ‘lm '“°"“3° °f ¥°°d Wm' h°"d 1°' th°l°0Rl1Hl»l0°.'Wl\°l1C° l~h°.Y D\*°0°@d¢ll 0\‘¢l" they made their way to it where they

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e“.ects_ first time from Angel voices on the piainelianfl to the capital. ` At Tlgnlsh and were glven dry clotlllng ,md made wg,-m

rho customs wines have in diaerent °fB°"“’°*‘°'“- *““"°°“ "‘*"Pf°°°d "S ‘minions the shore Mrs- Sirens found her ....1 comfortable, Th. when W... am.,-_

instruction to visit the sick and the knowledge of ~ French pgmmiingly ooh. wanls “shed Dull or the rlver’ (lrled ,md

.

Christmas celebrations have done their :°';h°"le5;» QED lil; 9001*. aiiflllldraisc the venlenl" - A ~ hound mm “mm The "om was dark’

e .

" ” en "B er' as “" de" y°“ , Afteraperloilofservlce on the Island but these hardy sons of the West were

them mills! ll1i° dl5“5°~ Tl” C“"°]“ ‘md mb the latch andjlelp to bless W" Vllifr. Strong camefito New Brunswick. aotsofastidiouaaaam the farmers of the the Revels are gone. Gone also are the h“'"l’1° “°l“hb°“"'” team "°°" 7°” "ul and was stationed at Poi-mud, Miitown present generation.” Travellers, in those “soused boai's head"-and the “Grand and l“ y°“‘ mm heart' “ v°’m'“`“l‘l°n °f Fredericton and Shckvllie. In 1836 he early days were almost' an unknown Captains of Mlsohiefe." But the religious lb” Dlvlnl’ "Wd" "Ili is "‘°'° blessed l‘° embarked forlllnglarid with ell the family vquantlty; the brave pioneer preachers be-

except one boy, who was already with ing almost the only straiigers seen by the

. Old Country relatives. The late settlers. Onaof the preachers, it is re-1

h - ` ooilecior ofsummeraide was a lad in a isted,whiie traveiiingoa foot, over what

A pi°n°°f in Wesleyan -school in England when was the nucleus ofthe Western Road,

R'ugi°\l‘ w°l'k Queen Victoria was crowned. They would came to Nioholl'a brook. which was so

have returned to British America sooner, badly swollen from a recent atormfthat

'One of the foremost in religious work but,the sliip on which Mr. Strong sailed amusing. in the twilight, over the fallen

clii|d‘s belief in the gcnulneas of Santa in the Maritime Provinces dui-ing the got into trouble in mid-Athintic in ti-ee,was out ofthe question. So. looking Claus beginning to WMO. But never first half of laat century was the late Rev. stormy weather and put back to Queens round foraspottooairip In for the night mind. New adherents are easily found J. B. Strong, father of Ex-Collector oiltown. Theydid cron after two yuan' he found A hollow pine. Having made for so attractive a creed, and faith in Customs, C. W. Strong of Siiiumeraidalresideuce in England, and lr. Strong his sapperofafew ‘boiled potatoes, which

Santa Claus wllllong remalnaeamemory Rev. Mr. Strong came from England the l had padwi'ltea',ut Windsor, Amherst. some one had thiiughtfuiiy pat into his, one of the pleasant illusions of childhood. ysarhefore theBai.tleoi'Wai‘.erloo, atatimel and other circuits. Hia' ministry cloeed poc\r'et,ha irrawled into his bed of pine andl in our lovely sea-girt Isle we find our- when England was at war on both aides I on Princelltdward Island, where he re-'slept till moiniiig. Notioing ii timber

selves approaching the Christmas of im? of i-he Atlantic. His ship was one of a sided after his -retirement. 0ne of his roa.i, near his ericampuieat-,he foiiowjd with much to cheer and comfort ua. ln large iieet of merchant veeseisconvoyerl by aona entered the ministry and labored for it and found to hioelrprise thatlees than, some households, it iii true, the family the famous Beiierophon, which managed mliiy years In Michigan, where he now amiie from where he had spent the aight

give than to receive."

of Summerside. Here between sixty and seventy years ago 'fcame some hardy pioneers from old England, and made a

home fcr_ themselves and their families.

John Moresheail was the first settler. Coming from Charlottetowaby boat he located near tho head of St. Mary’a River. Some time after John Ashton (having bought train Mr. Yeo, Port Hill, the globe farm of -Lot 10) settled on-his new posses- sions, adjoining thc Moreshead farm'

The next settler was Wm. Nicholl who

came by the south side of the Island and ,made his way from the Bras Shore' through the forest, to the \Vt-st-ern Road. Shortly after this came two more aettldri James Grlggnaad .To~il`ah Powe. These dve lpionéisni were’dll frovii Devonshire, Eng~ land, hence the name West Devon was given to their new settlement in memory of the ol~i home. The hardships these

cirly settlers suffered and the privatioiis they endured would, if written, dll a book.

Mr. Nlcholl frequently told of what he

called “a day's work when I was young." He walked to the nearest grlst-mill, some

reunion may _not be possible* In others to escort _the wholc squadron safely to `iivoe. - ' _ aaahome, hwlsei-e' he would have mel' .

.for.

Moreshead (for it was their home he

_went bo) was after this a home for the preacher, and in their house services were lheld for the settlers when any of the preachers came that way. Some time after this a log schooifhouse was built and a teacher secured for the children who were old enough to attend school. The district was large, some of the children -coming over two miles to the school. The "Master" boarded round from house to

house staying a week or two weeks, as _tho case might be, for each scholar in the home. The homes nearest the school were left for boarding-places for the winter. The old log-school has gone an well as the old-time teachers; but the good times, as well as the severe thrcshinge administered by these pedagogue will long live in the memories of their pupils. Near where the old school stood is the “new one" and just opposite it is the Methodist church, built some thirty or forty years ago.

The early days in West Devon were the

days of landlords and rents. Robert Bruce Stewart was the landlord and as

soonas the Western Road became pass-

'abie for olarrfages, he would make his

semi-annual visits. putting up at Pilgrims Rest as Mr. Nioholi's place was then call ed. He was a very indulgent landlord, takingfor rent anything and everything broughtto him by his tenants-from an old hen to a bearakln, and always paying the highest prices for everything he bought. It is said that before Mr. Stew- art became ovlner of Lot 15 that n number ofrrencnmen nvingi.. an adjoining Lot decided to bay Lot 10 for themselves ' they chartered a vessol|and

bapwlh of the vessel undcriakiny;' to sell

_the timber and buy the lot for them. But

ysabel wasiost and all on ho`¢_l-ii pa;-lghod on the trlpto the old country( Many more things might be written about this lot- the Egmont Bay Marsh owned largely by the people of West Defvon, and which proved auohabeneflt to. the farmers ‘last winter-hundreds of inns of My hnmg been made the previous summer-and as A consequence the: quantity of Govern ment hay bough/t was very email. Tho Lake as it is il»~miiim»iy ts.iiod’witi. im mense quantities of peat iunuuhdlhg [L_ and which some time in the future may be converted/into fuel) is another lnterelt- ing feature. But these things are present day tales, endwe are writing of old times.

Only one of the *early settlers

(James Grlgg) is llviug now and he ‘has reached the ripe old age of H) years. Ha still resides on the old farm, his sister, me wniow or .resist rave mow 'um Tupiin)|ivea on the Poiie farm. On the Nanoii ima me Nissan is am residing. The Moreshoad and Ashton farm gf, °°°iii>i°d nirnotlveiy by” the ms or tim old men who Hrat settled in Welt Devon- Join. nominal ...la real. Mm,

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