ttThe strongest memory is weaker than the weakest Ink.”

WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 19, 1955

O O

O I O

In its latest quarterly estimate, the Bureau of Statistics reports Canada's pop- ulation as having reached 15,410,000 at. December 1. This was an increase of 97,- ,000 in the quarter and a gain of 405,000 from a year earlier. The estimate gave no breakdown of population changes by prov-

stocks on hand in case, poor pasture condi- m"'il.'i:m1'-7." "'iN" '"m" " H mm "mi can i And it must be mm milk "mu :during two exceptionally favourable years ixed ll Second Class Mall by tho Post Office Department. '"”" "' "M W" P"""”'' '"d U 5 l "”'iproduction in the three years before that, cheese and eggs on hand. The rise in South American Affairs but purchases by. the ,,,.tVa,,, Mae ,,, Bat. tle interest to anyone, besides the profes-iamountad to rather less than half of the regional wars, which seemed to be going ever, they Show every sign of continuing, deed. most outsiders were inclined to ac- The Agricultural Prices Support Board selves did not appear to take them toolgt-am, since egg production is expected ngam ihelpful in sustaining the market last win- Rica and take over a railway station or an nouncefnent that price support will be Con- the situation almost as seriously as they. Livestock has been the brightest SPO? leader is assassinated in Panama, and no'Bani( Letter predicts that Canadian out.

I region with instructions to lend American states is epected to be little if any larger is causing the unrest. A report from Chile depends on the ievai of U, 5, meat con. 59 Sent fmfn Washington With OM93 l0 business activity, If the recovery is sus- l-'hl3 50llCll0U5 trend R9995 UP-End indiC3' least until the last quarter of the year, tions and wars and find diversion in other Attention of the civic authorities is cal- ed to this dramatic change in hemispheric due to the sense of urgency which is abroad l once, 3095 up and GOW" Latin Am9"iCa"and' f”riLee, Commander in Chief of the Confed- is, as yet, no evidence that the latest inci- Nevertheless, whether there or elsewhere, ground for destructive propaganda out of Horn. National rivalries and antagonisms, inces.

T H E G U A R D I N itions in the summer cause a drop in pro- P E -. by The rhomwn W-P-M U"'"4 lmore than 30 million lbs. General Manager. Ian A. Burnett mm" 1in which production exceeded 300 million per annum. -of around 265 million lbs. domestic consumption of cheese has helped Time waST”0t 50 lO"g agov ellhfwm ain, which is now responsible for cheese sional diplomats, beyond lhal 90”ll”9m'5,lO million lbs. purchased by the British on in one area or another almost all the and Canadian stocks should be quite small cept them as rather curious national pas-Jhas accumulated some eggs-about 3 mil- SeFl0USl)'- l'SU8”.V it has lll-Si 3 mailer Or to continue above last winter's level and How times have changed, to be sure! tan is less favourable than a year 820. airport, there is a hurried meeting of henii-ftintipd at the present level of 386 a d0ZEn Wm-lld Vl9W the Chopping OT R115-Slan h0fnbS in the animal products picture during the 1955 8 P9FS0n3g9 than the VlC9'Pl'9Sld9nl 01' put of beef and pork is likely to increase. prestige and aid to those who are trying this year than last, and pork production to l8.VS that that COUNTY l5 in 9C0n0mlC lUF'tsumption, which depends in turn on a con- "wk? in On lh0 8P0t inquiry and T9P0Ft trained, the Canadian meat surplus may ll0n! D0lnl l0 "3 being 8CC9l9l'3t9dr-South without a substantial decline in prices. more respectable ways. led to the very bad condition of street inter- among free men everywhere in theiril ' that matter, throughout North America.ie,.acy in the American Ctvti war; a iagai dent in Costa Rica was Communist: in- any discontent, any systematic injustice, Moscow. So it is that vigilance must be once relatively harmless, have taken on

'duction, the true surplus is perhaps not ic""' ""'" E'""' """ Ln" m "W, remembered that this has been accumulated Branch offices al Sumlm-rude. Monlaxua and Alherlun. Author 5, ,-.,,,.,P, ,:,.,l,,,,,,,,,,,.,, ,,..,.,,.,.. ,i,.,,. ,.., ..,.,,,,,, ..;,,,. lbs. annually compared with an average There are also small excess stocks of to take care of the increase in production; when events in South America were of lit-limpet-ts into that country, have so far borders. Even their little revolutions and Ministry of Food in the fall of 1953, How. time, caused hardly any alarm abroad. In- in the Spring, times; and even the South Americans them- iion dozenmunder the price support pro- mmllng UP I hi” and 1h?" Funnlng d0W" since the outlook for exports. which were Now, if a handful of rebels land in Costa pt-Odtiagi-g will welcome the recent sphere officials and diplomats. who regardifop Grade A Large. on New York or Montreal. A politicalltaii and winter. V the U""9d States is hurried Off l0 that However, beef production in the United. t0 89't it The mot 01' Whlitf-'V9F it ll that be up only moderately. Much, therefore, moil: immediately a high-ranking mission tinuation of the current recovery in U. S. back t0 the PT'95ld9nt Without del3Y- If find an outlet in the United States, at Americans will have to give up their revolu- EDITORIAL NOTES Of course, many factors have contribut- lnte”-'Sl5 and 0Utl00kS- Bl". Phlefly. it lS,sections, which should be attended to at watchfulness of the common enemy as it: B0,.” this date! 1807, Robert Edward too-seeking whom it may devour. Therelhoiiday in twelve Southern States. spired; in fact, that seems hardly likely. any grave economic disorder, is fruitful l kept, from the Panama Canal to Capei the status of potential danger to us all.

This fisliermcn's yarn is authentic, ac- cording to Reuters news agency. Off Bus- selton, in West Australia, an eight-foot. blue whaler shark, a three-foot gummy shark

ht 3 SU1'VP.V Of farm m5ll'k9lint-I PI'0SD9Cl9,and a large turtle were caught together 70? the Pnffnnl yefar the Bank Of N0V”rl,with one bait. The fishermen reported Smlla m0mhl.V.1'9V19Wn0l95- 35 One Of lh9.that the gummy shark took the bait, the most encouraging elements in the outlook.il)iup it-haiar took the gummy and the turtie the growth of the domestic market. Theigot its ntick iooppd in the tine.

Canadian population in recent years has been showing one of the most, rapid rates of growth in the worldglwtween 2 U2 Nationalism seems to he on the rise in and 3', par annnmssand pat. Capita con, Jamaica, as elsewhere. That, at any rate, atiniptihn hi a hnmhar of foods has aisolwould appear to be the chief significance of im.,.,,,N,d undm. the stimulus of towel. the restllts of the recent election in that prices. isenii-independent island. The People's Na- In ,,xpm., ma,.k(,tS( conditions an, in tional Party led by Norman Manly now many ,,.a,,s mar? promising than they W,,.l, takes over from the half-conservative, half- a year ago. The Outlook (0,. ,,.h,,,,t has labour party lcd by William Bustamente, Certainty imp,.m.(,d and m.(,l.s,,aS M OHS who for ten years held the government to- of coarse grains have thus far held up Tiuitc 53-olhml by 3 ”"”lbl”3”0'l 0f S0U"d S0Cl3l .well. in addition. market prospects for a legislation and ”91'.V 9l0Q”9nC3-

number of Canadian agricultural productsl have been improved by the further easing of import restrictions against dollar goods in Britain, the British West indies and several European countries. The one big cloud on the horizon is the farm surplus situation in the l'nltcri States and the grow- ing list of U. S. restrictions against agri-

Agricultural Prospects

On Lochlyoch Farm, in Lanarkshire, ,onc hundred thousand virus-tested seed po- ttatocs are being kcpt in a crcosotcd wood- ten but, wired for thcrmostatically-control- llcd electric boaters. They constitute the first permanent store of its kind owned by cultural imports. Thcse now affect Cana- ::Ed poIt1:)vl:igerl5illrl&:-::st:(:irf(,)Slf:(;-

tdlan dairy products, oats, rye, barley and! . . a . I, t d. 0 . ation stocks of seed for. commercial potato alsike cover see Though the actual im I The production of vimsdested

l

pact of these restrictions may not he toolgmwem serious this year because of the small Cana- i Seed was begun at Lochlyoch in 1949' ldlnn crops, it is most disturbing to find the , - country that has ledlthe opposition against As explained by Dr. Lea, chairman of the quantitative import controls-when theselcity School Board, the new clvic educa- vwere directed atzalnst dollar goods-employ-llional tax will provide for operational ex- ing them herself. A further source of un- penses of the high school as well as for in- certainty is the possible effect that U. S.iterest payments and amortization of the ;efforts to dispose of the large Government- building debt. It will also provide for an lheld farm surpluses may have on Canada increase in teach:-rs' supplements. It is llnd Other BtZl1C11ll-Ural Pxvortcrs. hoped that, in collecting the assessment,

At the beginning of the new production arrangements will be made for payment by season next May. the Agricultural Prices quarterly installments rather than in a

an-.

l l

l I - . .

...-...;-an -.........

Breaking

1' s

a . " In On

Our Reverie

i

In the year ahead, thei

Embattled Democracy

By Heath

Revolutions are not uncommon in Latin America, nor in it un- usual to find neighboring coun- tries interfering in the violent processes of political change. Ni- caragua's present actions are fol- lowing a familiar pattern and one which has been expected to de- velop fnr some time. Several weeks ago the president of Costa Rica predicted the very kind of attack to which his little country is now being subjected, and look- ed with misgiving upon Nicaraguan purchases of arms in the United States. Without prompt help from other American cbuntries Costa Rica may soon be overrun by the Nicaragua-backed forces which have recently crossed its northern frontier. If this should happen the country would likely suffer the loss of its political liberty which has long marked it as unique among Central American republics.

Costa Rica is one of the smal- lost of the nations on the isthmus, having an area of 23,000 square miles and 8 population of 825,000. it is the only country in Central America with a white majority. Only about 2 per cent of the popu- lation is pure Indian with a slight- ly larger proportion of negroes. the descendants of the slaves once imported to work on the hot coast- al plantations. The mestizol or people of mixed blood are more numerous but most Costa Ricans trace their ancestry do the sturdy Spanish settlers who took over the land centuries aizo.

O O 0

Christopher Colombus ls credit- cd with discovering and naming Costa Rice on his fourth voyage to the new world. The natives he found there wore golden ornaments unusual in their design and qual- ity, and Colomhus thought a land of great wealth lay before him. He therefore called it Costa Rica or rich coast but the Spanish soon learned that the new country did not have mountains of gold. and despite their most eager efforts they never did unearth any of the precious metal. Archaeologists and indianologists are still seeking the full explanation of the origin and design of the jewellery worn by the natives who first greeted Columbus.

After being written off as I source of quick wealth, Costa Rica was setllcd by tough Spanish col- onisls who were prepared to make a living from the soil by the slow- cr methods of agriculture. Through the years the land which lacked gold has ncverthclcss brought much wealth and Costa Rica nus outstripped her neighbors in the value of natural products. It was the first country in Central Ameri- ca to produce bananas for export and was for a long time the lead- ing producer in the whole hemis- phere. Costa Rican coffee is of ex- ceptional quality and in the olden days it was nearlry all bought by British importers for their spe- cial blends. Since the war Britain buys very little and most. of the exportable surplus finds its way to the United States which purchases most of the Costa Rica's exports and supplies three quarters of her Imports. An outstanding feature of the economy is the high percentage of small landowners among the agricultural population. In ma Latin American countries the land- less, illiterate peon is the unwit- ting toll of ambitious pollticans. but the sturdily independent'CoIt: Rlcan farmer fs not so readily carried away by the glowing promises of n would-be revolution- let.

Costa Ricans are' the most high- ly educated citizen body in Latin America and it has long been their proudest boast that the country had more schoolteachers than sol- dlers. lllittracy has been reduced to something less than 20 per cent which is a figure far below that nf nlher Central American couri- fricil. and ii contributing factor to Costa Rica's political Itsbllity.

In the early days of lta inde- pendence Cosh Rica had no share of revolution: and civil wars and even, in recent years then In oc-

mpport, Board may hold butter stocks of lump sum annually. The new tax eliminates

datum 50 million lbs. bought at the sup- the poll tax at present collected, and will

58c'a lb. Since the Govern- be ibr genetalteducatlonal as well as high wish to keep slzeable school purposes.

caslonsl violence. But nowadays such thing: are the exception and not the general rule. For a rm Lima the country has had orderly

Macquarrfa

elections and presidents who de- pended upon the support of the voters and not the goodwill of the army. Political parties have not been suppressed and newspapers are free to criticize the govern- ment. Civil righta have become something more than ornamental articles in a written constitution. which is about all they amount to in much of Latin America.

But today Costa Rica's territory is under invasion and its present government in danger. How has this come about? As usual the trouble arises partly from within and partly from without the nation. President Jose Figuerea has made some bitter enemies among his own people by his actions and his policies. It was in 1048 that this colonel from his plantation in the hills swept to yromlnenca in his country's politics. In the election of that year the opposition party was the obvious winner. but the government supported by Commu- nists but not itself Communist, ro- fused to recognize the victory of its opponents. In the tense period which followed Figures issued a call to arms over lxia portable broadcasting sat and thousands of Costa Ricans 110 ' ” to his banner and after weeks of destructive fighting the obstinate government. forces and their Fnm ' t friends were routed. Flgueres did not seize power but saw to it that the pro- perly elected oppositlon leader as- sumed tha rain: of government. The triumphant colonel may have been reluctant to step aside and in 1952 he ran for the presidency himself and was elected. Since then has has xlven vigorous ad- ministration and u an avowed socialist, has not hesitated to con- trol the economy where he con- sidered necessary. His ineraaleed income tax has won him tha enmity of some of the wealthy but his hard bargain with the powerful United Fruit company has added much to the national treasury. l-le aspires to the day when Costa Rica will be able to purchase all the foreign-owned industnil plants in the country. Like other Latin American leader: he seeks to diversify the economy and lessen the dependence upon one or two products which are at the mercy of an export market. Still Fi- gures has enemies. Some are on the right among those who are hurt by his socialist policies. On the far left the Communists remember his fight against them in 1948.

0 0 I

But perhaps the greatest dangar comes from Nicaragua whose dictator Samoza in the sworn en- emy of the Costa Rican president. When the 1948 revolution was on. Guatemaln's leftist government helped Flguerea while Samou's

forces aided the other side. The uneasy balance of power in Cen- tr-al America has been broken by the defeat of the Ax-bans (overn- ..s...j..:..:...m.........

The Age Old Story

And thine aan shall hear a word behind thou. naylna. This Ii the way. val ya In II. when ya turn to the rlcht hand. and when ya

Wmnucumc

Ilatrlgmtloa

BoplfII'IoAlIIak8

- APPLIANCE! IALIB I SEVIOI

MOTORS i

Rewinding and llepalra umdrnicar. ,- 'IhwrI A, Jtalaor Electric

nan-Auuuu

-7r'Le is Woem 6-mm

THE BUGS G0 WEST

"If these old rugs could speak-" a. caller mused.

They do speak, :5 beauty 8peI1lK5.

Through line and color. in deslsn and form.

Those geometric figures show the

all voiceless

flrm,

St.mn8 Qualities that marked the Weaver's thought-

The blue of cobalt, the Pompelsn

red

Are vibrant. still though threads are wearing thin.

This gentler pattern frames with sapphire bands, t

A portion of its surface meant for prayer.

When toward the east, the faithful bowed his head.

And here lithe dogs and horses are poi-traye Oouchant. or oilrvetting with supple

grace.

The intertwining flower and vlno and tree

Reflects I. love of nature deep

within The heart: of patient boilers at. the

loom.

The radiance of the orient lies out- spread

Upon the floor boards of this west.- ern mom.

-Bertha Wilcox Smith.

ment in Guatemala last summer and Nicaragua and Honduras are now dominant. Figueres liberal re- gime is looked upon as I reproach to them and its destruction would be welcomed.

Samoan enmity has been fost- ered by an assassination attempt against him some months ago. The group which tried to bring an abrupt end to the dictstorts long stretch of power were Nicaraguan: but many of them were exiles who came in from Costa Rica for. the deed. The Figueres government is accused of winking at their activi- ties and this attitude is under- standably violently resentedt by Samoza.

Now by the traditional union of enemies from within and with- out Figueres is under siege. His country is not as powerful as Ni- caraguil which has received equip- ment from the United States, its military ally. But. Costa Rica's democratic record has made it very popular with Washington and it is not likely that it will be al- lowed to perish from the attacks of dictatorship.

Page 74 The Guardian

.

The urban firm In Canada in the last. nail canuury has depriveu the countryside not only of many of its young people but many of its spokesman. Too rarely now 13 A farmer elected to public office, even in rural constituencies. We could do in our provincial and federgl lexlalaturaa Wlth more men whose hand: have been calloused by the plow. -Rural Scene.

The popnla u; at . age aslel spreads like wildfire. In fact one local sale was besieged by cus- tomers who had formed in a queue in front of their church hall, ex- tending for almost. two blocks. simply because the word had spread that a "nearly new" table would offer a. variety of bnxzalm. That particular sale cleared about 8200 during its one day of opera.- tlon. -Brockvllla Recorder and Times.

The last 10 or 15 years have definitely marked the beginnings of a new deal for our farm popula- tion, Increase in farm prosperity has been marked. But you still cannot. classify farmers as too well contented with their lot, and there is a feeling among them that a lot has to be done yet to balance the counter-attractloxrs of the cities and towns for the rising generation --Fredericton Glenn- or.

A United Nations report lays wear and war on carpets, uphol- stery and other furn-ishings in parts of the glauy UN bead- quarters has been eight to 10 times more than originally es- tirnstaacl. We hope there is not a note of chagrin in this report. Such minor wear and tear as is mused by the UN delegates and staff ought. to be encouraging, for it is better for diplomats to wear out. chairs than for nation: to wear out armament. A worn chair proves that -mebody eat in ft, and the sedentary posture is one which a peace-loving world must approve right. now. As for the more exten- sive major damage done by thousands of UN visitors. even this is the sort. of depreciation which indicates appreciation. Peo- ple do not t.i-ample the floor cover- ing unless they sire interested In sornething on a. higher level. Most folk feel more secure in a room that looks lived in, For the UN headquarters. that goes double. - St. Louis Poet - Rtspstch.

In accepting the Nobel peace prize, Dr. Albert. Schweitzer spoke forthrlghtly to mankind every- where, as one would expect him to do, on the common responsibility for creating ware. stressing the fact. that man has become a su- perman because of the forces which science has placed in his hands for either "reasonable and useful end! or "destructive or munle uua ones, he declared: "The superman suffers from a fatal im- perfection in his spirit. He is not elevated to that level of superhu- man force'. Mankind would have realized, he said, that "we are be-

we become super-men". l-le recalled our mass killings of 2o,ooo,ooo in the second World War, "the re. ductlon to nothing by the atomic bomb of whole towns with that, inhabitants, the ixuiatonnaniou of men lnto llvlng torches by in. cendlsry bornbr. Doea our belie: that "the fact of war condemm us to accept. these Lhlnga" ax, cuu us? Dr. Bcbweltur answered by declaring: "By resigning our. selves without. resistance to am. fatel we make ourselves guilty at inhumanity." -'I'.he churchmen (U. S. A.)

From Vienna comes the Icpof. that. 2,500 Viennese wlvu have voted on the characteristics that make I perfect. husband. Effl. cleney in his job won the most votes. Following efficiency were such homely and wholesome virtue. in faithfulness, being a good provider, intelligence, having a sense of

on. Nowhere a word for the ability to dance the waits: One would have imagined that Waltzing was 1 pre. requisite of any desirable man in Vienna. Kitchener-Waterloo Re. cord.

Then an over 7,000 independent stores 2.000 of them in Manitoba and 5.000 largely in Saskatchewan and some in Alberta, which adop- ted the "cash only" system or business in 1964. The promotion of the "cash only" policy for all three of the Prairie Provinces has been taken up by the Retail Mer. chants Association of Oanada. The "cash only" policy was first adopted and brought into opera. tlon in the village of Gilbert; Plains, Manitoba, and all tho business firms combined to put it into effect. The idea. spread ova: the Manitoba border into Auk- atchewsn and it. has been spread. ing rapidly. -Moose Jew Times. Herald.

In the United sum 3 student graduates on points which can be amassed from frlll subjects; here he has to pass in oertaln specific core subjects, All that this prove. is that the school structure is sounder on this side of the border than on the other. It. takes no ac- count of the quality of the teach- lng purveyed inside the structure. A few voices-notably those of Dr. Sidney Smith and Dr. Hilda Neat- by-have been crying in the wil- derness of public indifference the! the teaching is by no means of the quality that it should be; that it. produces knowledge without wisdom; memories, perhaps, but not minds. The fact that high school students are required to taka certain courses is by no means a proof that there fa be- ing trained a literate generation capable of thought outside the boundaries of conformity or above the level of a lowest. common de- nominator. Indeed, that such an organizational argument should be advanced as a principal defence of the standard of our educational system ls, in itself, as disquieting as any of the Caxandra voices of thoughtful educators. -Hb.ml1-

coming inhuman in proportion as

top Spectator.

over 50 years.

cordially invited and urged nial General -Manager, 111 yours without delay.

ourlng these Firms which

Charlottetown Centennial

. Attention Charlottetown Businessmen

On Wednesday, January 19th the Charlottetown Retail Merchants Association will honour all the Busi- ness Firms of the City which have been in business

There will be a reception and dinner at the Char- lottetown Hotel commencing at 6 P.M.

All of our businessmen and our business women are

Tickets are S200 and can be had from the Centen-

As they are going fast, it -is suggested you get

How about joining your fellow Merchants in hon-

portant part in the life of Charlottetown? CHARlJO'I'I'ErOWN CENTENNIAL COlVlMI'l"I'EE

1955

to attend.

Grafton St.

have played such an im-

CASH

Get 850 to H.000 to pay doctor bills, taxes. repairs, fuel. clothing. Single or married persons may borrow on signature. Easy-to-mt-el requirements. You choose your. own repayment plan. Come in today for fast, friendly, one-day servicel.

Need Money ? Bills fo Pay ? Call HFC today!

miousiiioin nmiucii

I. W. Chisholm, Manager I50 Great George 9., who 1, phone III? CIIAILOTTITOWN: P.I.I.

for any good reason

Vildfcfi fbf -K69 NQVV-C...

E. R. BroWE-:”Son Fire. Am. Ute. Accident, slclinm And Plato aim 'Il,8df,i:nhO:

At 'I.av4o'st. Intuit? hAI!'-nth, at 'Sunii.r.ert:'de.i'.D.:ri0q M V 144 'i(iciuii'nnd- St.

zi

humor, at.rengt.h. sobriety and go,

I NOTES BY THE .WAYC:l”i