a ptiet Hee

Che Guardian

Covers Prince Edward tsiand Like fhe Vew W. J. Hancox, Publisher

Burton Lewis Frank Walker Executive Edito. Editor Published week day morning (except Sun

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PAGE 6 TUESDAY, APRIL 3, 1962. Unwelcome Visitation Our oldest citizens will have dif-

ficulty in recalling anything like the havoc caused by the washout of bridges and flooding of highways over the weekend. Spring floods of euch a nature are fortunately rare events in this Province. We are not experienced to cope with them, but from the detailed reports in our news columns it will be seen that strenuous efforts are being made and that the provincial department of highways is acting vigorously in meeting the emergency.

Highly commendable have been the precautions taken by the rail- way authorities in preventing ser- jous damage to this vital line of communication. It speaks volumes for their efforts that all trains loc- ally, were on schedule yesterday.

The damage caused to bridges and other permanent structures will run into many thousands of dol- lars, and their replacement will in- volve time as well as money. Plan- ning on a province-wide scale will be needed to complete this work, with prior attention being given to the main traffic routes. Meanwhile, temporary arrangements to keep traffic moving and to aid families whose homes have been made unten- able are under way, and we have no doubt that there will be the fullest cooperation with the authorities in speeding up this work.

It is fortunate that no serious accidents have been reported as a result of the flood conditions. In the long run, too, there will be advant- ages to the farmer in expediting his work on the land, and to the unem- ployed in the amount of extra labor that will be required during the spring and summer in repairing the widespread damage. It will not be all loss, by any means, though in this motorized age the traffic tieup is naturally a matter of prime con- cern. As for the budgetary plans about which we have been hearing

ao much in the Legislature, perhaps ,

the less said about them now the better.

The Arctic Frontier

The Soviet Union has my things to answer for, but it would geem that in its relations with Can- ada, on our common frontier in the Arctic, co-existence is working pretty well. Indeed, as Dr. Frederick Roots, one of Canada’s top Arctic scientists, has pointed out, “so far we're still on the receiving side” in the exchange of amenities. Much of our knowledge of the polar seas eomes from freely available Russian technical journals, and our best maps of the area still originate be- hind the iron curtain.

Right through the much-discuss- ed cold war, Russia 4s continued to transmit its Arctic weather sequen- ees “in clear.” Combind with the reports from a handful of joint Can- edian-American weather stations in the Arctic islands, these have been the raw material for the Western world’s forecasting, for it is in the swirling air masses around the pole that much of the weather of North America, the Atlantic Ocean and Weatern Europe has its origin.

Russian scientific teams camp- fing on ice islands have drifted through what are at least technical- ly Canadian waters. Not a cry of alarm has been raised—perhaps be- cause Ottawa feels that eventually we shall benefit by this research. At any rate, the exchange of Arctic

that canada

might contribute more to this com- mon knowledge. Perhaps with more and more technical experts gving into the high Arctic each summer, including men of the polar con‘*in- ental shelf project of which Dr. Roots is co-ordinator, we shall be able to. Meanwhile we remain in- debted to a supposed opponent for a type of knowledge which admits no boundaries. Doubtless, of course, the Soviets find it to their advantage to act in this co-operative manner. It doesn’t prove that they are less dangerous

in their aggressive activities in oth- é

er directions, or in their deep-root- ed antagonism to our system of government and that kind of thing. But it does afford an example of the advantage of neighborly give-and- take that could be helpful in solving other difficulties, if the world would set its mind to it.

Good Work, Mr. Fulton!

Justice Minister Fulton has an- nounced that four special pen:* in- stitution for young offenders will soon be built by the federal govern- ment—one each in the Atlantic Provinces, Quebec, Ontario and the West. Present plans call for their completion within four years, and it is emphasized that they will not be solely for custodial purposes. They will be institutions of juvenile cor- rection and reform, providing treat- ment and rehabilitation for those committed to serve terms for their infractions of the law.

This is a move to be welcomed by all interested in prison reforn, and by all concerned with the prob- lem of juvenile crime. The lack of facilities in present federal pen- itentiaries, according to Mr. Ful- ton; has made it impossible to earry out full segregation of juv- enile incarcerees from older pr’ - ers, and this has been one of the major factors in retarding rehabil- itation at the stage where it is most needed

The new juvenile institution for this area will be established in the vicinity of Springfield, N.S., though it will in no way be a part of, or connected with, the new minimum security prison recently established there. It will be strictly a new ven- ture in prison reform, and will help to place Canada in the forefront of nations treating this problem along enlightened lines. Coupled with the plans announced provincially for the establishment here of a prison farm under improved conditions, and with similar activities in other prov- inces, it marks a forward step of great significance. Perhaps, in the years to come, it will be regarded as of more importance than many of the projects now looming larger in the public eye. Indeed, it is move- ments of this kind that can be said tc be the true hallmarks of a civiliz- ation.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The late Rev. EJ. Dalton labor- ed devotedly in his Master’s vine- yard, and his personality was such as to endear him to all with whom he came in contact. The Guardian tenders respectful sympathy to his brothers and sisters, and his par- ishioners at Hope River, in the loss they have sustained through his death at this time.

* ~ ”

We note from an exchange that 2,600 volumes of new fiction were published in the United States last year. In addition, almost 4,500 works of fiction were published in Great Britain. Allowing for duplication in those two lists and for the great quantity of nonserious fiction—mys teries, westerns and the like—it still leaves a huge number of earn- estly conceived novels struggling for a place in the sun.

- * *

The joint Canada-United States National Migratory Bird Committee has issued a report suggesting a number of measures for preserving the continent’s waterfowl. The com- mittee finds that the future of the waterfowl population as a whole is fairly well assured under the mi- gratory birds convention which dates from 1916, but some species need close attention because their num- bers are declining; these include the canvasback, redhead and ruddy duck. One interesting suggestion is that the governments of the two countries should embark on a huge program of water conservation in the prairie regions, in order to save the breeding places of many kinds of ducks and other waterfowl,

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THE ART OF SELF DEFENSE

ON PARLIAMENT HILL

Major Legislation Of

In what is generally regarded , as the last session of the twenty- | fourth Parliament many major pieces of legislation have al- ready been passed in the thirty- seven sitting days since we as- sembled on January 18. Prom- inent among the measures adopted was one to extend the Municipal Winter Works Incen- tive Program by an additional forty million dollars.

The program, one of the initia- tives of the Diefenbaker govern- ment, has bean of great assis- |

y Heath Macquarrie, tance to Prince Edward. Island |

| where more communities than |

| and other projects like the Sher-

wood fire hall and those at | North River and Vernon River |

PUBLIC

FORUM

ELECTORAL REFORM ' Sir,—We have read your lead | article of March 31st concerning | the report of the Royal Commis- | sion of Electoral Reform with | considerable interest. Anticipat- ing the public interest which such a report will generate, we | have obtained a copy of the | Commission’s submission, and | feel that certain comments would be in order.

The Commissioners are to be specially commended for | advocating the abolition of the | archaic system of multiple vot- | ing. Such a system is incompat- | ible with even the broadest in- | terpretation of the democratic function. We commend, further, the following suggestions, includ- ed in the report; the appoint- ment of an independent Return- ing Officer, revision of the Elec- tion Act after every federal cen- sus, the establishment of ad- vance polls, and the movement, though slight, toward greater representation for the populous urban areas of Prince Edward Island.

It would also appear that the Commissioners have recommen- ded the removal of the obsoles- cent one hundred dollar free- hold requirement (see Revised Statutes, P.E.1., 1952, Chap. 48.- 9.d); by this system an elector for Assemblyman was required “to be an owner, occupant, or possessor for at least six months of freehold property of one hun- dred dollars.”

Such suggested reforms were to be expected, and are long overdue; excepting the suggest- ion on multiple voting, the im- plementation of the report would entrench the present out- moded system. Royal Commis- sions should serve as a blue print for long-range action; they should not be concerned with the immediate implementation of their suggestions. The right to policy decisions, rests, as it should, with responsible min- isters and with the Legislature.

Few commission been accepted in their entirety; the sweeping changes or innova- tions suggested by such as the Rowell-Sirois,

‘ ve been too modest and short-sighted in their proposals.

We are particularly upset by the e

retention property franchise and the nig- move in the direction of

| 010 people voted. Of these elec-

franchise from $350 to $1000 it | would appear that the Commis- sioners are suggesting that tne property franchise be entrench- ed and rigidly applied. } Hopefully, we anticipated the | removal of this property fran- | chise, and barring this, some logical defence of the present system, so unique in Canada and throughout the Commonwealth. But the Commissioners adyo- cate the retention of the present system, undefended. They mere- ly point out, quote, “We also} recommend that the distinction between Councillor and Assem- blyman be retained as essential to the two-member, two-contest constituency of this province.” To be specific: in Charlotte- town (5th Queens) in 1959, 10,-

tors, in excess of fifty per cent (5372) were allowed a second vote merely because they pos- sessed property valued in excess of $350. Why should the remain- der (4638) be considered politic- ally inferior to their compatriots in every other Canadian city? As regards “rep by pop’, th transfer of a single riding from Kings to an urban area in Queens and the slight modifica- tion made in Prince appear as little more than sops to the swell- ing urban ation.

Two minor criticisms concern the hours of polling, and the time to be given to employees to exercise their franchise on the provincial polling days. The Commissioners suggest that the Election Act be patterned after the Dominion Election Act. This latter act states that loyees must be given up to three hours free time to vote on a federal el- ection day; the Commissioners suggest one hour be provided in provincial elections. Does take three times as long to vote in a federal election?

y, hours in fed- eral elections are from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., local time.

— —

Local Interest ; MP

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are indications of increasing use of this helpful program.

OLD AGE PENSIONS r

The increase in the Old Age Security pension to $65.00 per month effective February found quick passage in the House and Senate. No doubt it will be much appreciated by our senior citizens throughout the land. Legislation concerning Old Age Assistance, Disability and Blind Pensions providing for an | increase in the Dominion share | of these pensions was also | passed and the provinces’ are | moving to raise their contribu- tion also.

Unemployment, a_ frequent subject for bitter debate in pre- vious session, has not in the forefront of argumentation in this one. The figures. for many months have shown a marked improvement in this difficult and important aspect of our economic life. Significant and encouraging too have been the increases in our foreign trade. |

One of the ablest persons in public life and Canada’s first | woman Senator passed away | recently amid widespread sor- row in both chambers of our | national legislature. Sena- tor Cairine Wilson appointed to the red chamber in 1930 was prominent in many fields and recognized beyond the shores of Canada for her great intellec- tual and humanitarian pursuits.

CENTENNIAL OBSERVANCE | The centenary of the 1864 Charlottetown Conference will | be one of the major events in the history of Prince Edward | Island and we were all delight- | ed at another indication of na- | tional support for our celebra- tion. The other day the Prime

Minister announced that th Dominion Government will pro- vide an immediate grant of

000, to possible a start on the Fathers of Confed- eration Memorial Building. He also revealed that the Ottawa administration will contribute up to $2,800,000, toward the cost of the building.

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X-ray Is said Good Method To Detect Cancer

ec! ?” writes ‘ L. No, but it is one of the best ways to uncover cancers that cannot be seen or felt. In addi- tion, X-ray an excel- lent se device for the

early detection of internal can- cers.

When certain shadows are not- ed in the chest X-ray, the phy- sician may suspect a malign- ancy but other tests are needed for confirmation, The sputum is sent to the laboratory to deter- mine whether it contains cancer cells. test is negative, a bronchoscopic examination is recommended, provided the le- sion is located in an area where it can be seen.

The tube is passed through the mouth and into the lung. A small piece of the tumor is remov and sent to the laboratory where it is examined for cancer cells (biopsy). In other instances, a biopsy of neck gland material is done because lung cancers of- ten spread in this direction.

If all the tests are negative and the physician still thinks the lung lesion is malignant,

ecommend an exploratory

operation. This is worthwhile

ause there is no surer way

to diagnose cancer than to see

it, feel it, remove it, and have it examined by a pathologist.

External cancers can be seen whereas those just under the skin or in the superficial tissues can be felt. This is true also of breast cancer, These lesions can be diagnosed by biopsy or by examination of the tissues after removal. Laboratory tests of the secretions (cytology) are done frequently to detect can- cers of the cervix or uterus. Many physicians do these tests routinely and it is surprising how often an early malignancy of the uterus is detected by the Pap test in a woman who had no symptoms.

Radioactive isotopes and sound waves also are used in diagnosing certain cancers, The physician also has avail- able many devices and chemi- cal solutions such as barium, which is employed in conjunc- tion with X-rays, when examin- ing the gastrointestinal tract. But we lack a single easy pro- cedure, such as a blood test, possibly because cancers are not all the same.

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self - addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

PROLONGED TREATMENT

R. W. writes: Three months ago I started treatment with a doctor who says I have fluctuat- ing high blood pressure and a high cholesterol count. I take two kinds of medicine and have to see him every two weeks. I'm on a low salt, low cholester- ol diet and have lost 15 pounds. My blood pressure has been normal since two weeks after I started with him but he tells me to continue. Must this go on forever?

REPLY Why not ask for a consulta- tion, since it is obvious you feel you are being overtreated.

| CLIMATE AND GLAUCOMA

B. D. writes: Is there any kind of climate that is consider- ed good for a glaucoma suffer-

| er?

REPLY No. In this condition, the pressure within the eyeball is increased and I doubt if temper- ature or humidity influences the tension to any degree. |

A NEW WRINKLE B. F. writes: Will. spreading mayonnaise over the face and neck counteract wrinkles? REPLY No, and it won't take the wrinkles out of prunes, lettuce, or anything else in salads or sandwiches.

OUR YESTERDAYS From the Guardian Files

- FIVE YEARS Seaiens tore ers on the passenger- carrying freighter “Colborne”, sich set uate pe whic at ‘ax day, included Mr. and Mrs, D. Murray,

were cruise to the British a.

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Khrushchev’s name. Each bet was 25 cents. The party might consider put- ting the money toward adult education on foreign affairs. — Ottawa Journal.

After the second act of “Avan- te Garde” in Champagne, Mrs. Frances left the theatre for the maternity hospital. Her husband was playing the mayor in the play, but went along to the hos- pital. The audience waited pa- tiently for half - an - hour. There-upon, Monsieur Baron walked on stage and announced: “Tt’s a girl!’’. After wild ap- plause the play went on. — Le Figaro, Paris.

betting acquaintances that they uld not spell

7 |

and shake one pill from it, Chicago Tribune.

Chiang Kai-shek now tells re- porters that an assault on the mainiand by his forces is fast approaching. Chiang has about as much chance of successfully invading Communist China as Fidel Castro has of carrying the United States by storm. Interna- tional relations are wneasy enough as it is. Let the United States, Chiang’s only friend, now put him firmly in his place, — Fredericton Gleaner.

British tree lovers want to keep Sherwood Forest as Eng- lish as cricket and crumpets.

Her Majesty’s Forestry Com- mission says the growth of Eng- lish oaks in Robin Hood’s wood- land is being stunted by factory fumes and feeble soil, It has suggested the planting of Am- erican red oaks, which are styr- dy, grow like weeds, and seem indifferent to their environment.

e commission plan has not enchanted some Britons. ‘‘Nonsense-”” said the elderly chairman of the organization Men of Trees. He gave English oaks a rousing vote of confi- dence, and suggested that the two species be planted side by side for a growth test. A deci- sion would be deferred 500 years,

herwood's most famous tree —gnarled, wide-spreading Ma- jor Oak—is reputed to be about 1,400 years old. A ton of iron bands supports the boughs. GREATLY DIMINISHED

Though Sherwood Forest’s bo- tanical future may be in doubt, its past is one of solidly Eng- lish history, romance, and lore. The original expanse covered some 200 square miles. It was never unbfoken forest, but a region of woods, glades, open heath. and wasteland. Pleasant byways connected the scatter- ed hamlets, abbeys, and prior-

les.

Near the end of the 18th cen- tury, the Crown permitted tracts to be sold. Today, much of the finest woodland stands on vast private estates known as the Dukeries, About 12,000 acres are publicly owned.

M has encroached, but Sherwood Forest remains the -most extensive area of wood- land and heath in the industrial Midlands

The major town is Notting- ham, whose Sheriff was Robin Hood's archenemy. Anglo-Saxons occupied the site as early as the 6th century A mint was estab- lished there in the 10th cen- tury William the Conqueror in A.D. 1068 ordered a castle er- ected in place of an old wooden

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fort. The Domesday

death in the family.

HOOLEY’S MEN’S WEAR

Both stores, in Charlottetown and Mon- tague, closed all day Tuesday due to a

Fabled Sherwood Forest

National Geographic Society

(1086) recorded 120 inhabitants, When Nottingham was chart- ered in 1283, townspeople had already established the custom of holding an eight-day Goose Fair. The huge carnival sti held in early October; it draws crowds from all over England. Nottingham's Trip to Jerusa- lem Inn, associated with the Crusaders, is one of the oldest in England. Another inn, with the poetic name of Salutation, was host on several occasions to the highwayman Dick Turpin

WAS ROBIN REAL? ~~

The city’s best-known statue is, not surprisingly, that of Ro- bin Hood. In near-by woods, it is easy to visualize the noble outlaw’s encounter with Maid Marian, their marriage in the steepled church at Edwinstowe, the roly-poly figure of Friar Tuck, the antics of Little John,

ill Scarlet, Alan-a-Dale, an the other merry men in green.

No one knows whether Robin Hood actually lived in medieval

Nottinghamshire, but it seems treasonous to doubt it. Since the 14th century, people have

told stories and composed bal- lads about his exploits. The folklore hero filled a need of his time, when common people mat- tered little in the social order.

Like today’s Superman, Robin Hood could do no wrong: He robbed the rich to help the poor; warred against cruel au- thority; protected the ladies; ex. celled in sports and archery; li- ved the good life out-of-doors,

One legend says he was born the Earl of Huntingdon. In 1960. Others assign him to a dif- ferent time. One diligent re searcher found evidence that a Robyn Hod was in and out of the King’s service—and the woods—in the 1320's. Another re- cord says a Robert Hod’s hand- maid was taken to court in 1316 for taking wood from the forest and fined two shillings.

“Her technique was faulty,” commented the said Londos Times, “but clearly she was being trained in the Robin Hood school.”

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