Che Guardian

Covers Prince Edward island Like The Dew W 4. Hancox, Publisher Burton Lewis Frank Walker Bee Editor Editor Published every week day morning texcept Sun devs and statutory holidays) at 145 Prince Street, ‘Chariotietown. PE by Thomson Newspapers itd Branch offices at Summerside. Montague Alber fen and Souris

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Reassuring Budget

In presenting his third ar -ual budget to the Legislature last even- ing, Provincial Treasurer McQuaid established one point very clearly: namely, that the new five-year fiscal arrangements with Ottawa, which commence April 1 of this year, will be of substantial benefit to this Province.

“In the first year of the new ar- rangements, for example, we should receive $8,419,000 as compared to

7,239,000 under the present terms for the current year. For the five- year period, Ottawa’s total contri- bution will be over $45,250,000 as compared to $38,728,000 if the pres- ent fiscal arrangements were con- tinued for a further five-year per- iod. In brief, we stand to gain, under the new arrangements, ne1- ly $6,500,000 during the next five

years.

Mr. McQuaid estimates his or- dinary expenditures for the coming fiscal year at $16,839,157, an in-

crease of $1,312,204 over the cur- rent year. After providing for in- creased outlays in public health, welfare, education, agriculture, in- dustry and other departments, and for a debt retirement of nearly a million dollars, he anticipates a revenue surplus of $2,732,915, and an overall surplus of $18,386,

The minister explained in de- tail why, in place of an estimated overall surplus of $90,665 this year, he has had to budget for a $621,673 deficit. Early spring storms of 1961, and the outbreak of fusarium rot in the potato crops, resulted in addit- ional expenditure of $700,000. On ordinary account for the year, how- ever, where expenditures are con- trollable, he anticipates a surplus of over three million dollars.

For the last fiscal year, ended March 31, 1961, Mr. McQuaid had already reported to the House an overall surplus of $28,061—consider- ably less than he had budgeted for at the last session; but, here again unprecedented weather conditions, Plus disastrous forest fires in the summer of 1960, interfered with his calculations,

The budget speech this year Tuns to 55 typed foolscap pages, and will provide ample material for Je- bate. It is most encouraging in ts emphasis on budget balancing and in the prospects it holds out for fur- ther progress and development. We have no doubt that Opposition mem- bers will find flaws in its presenta- tion, and it is their duty to do so if they can; but the overall picture it Presents i most reassuring, and we welcome it on that ground.

Israel And Syria

A United Nations truce super- visory commission has gone quietly to work this week on the border dis- pute between Israel and Syria, which erupted into a bloody battle last Saturday, threatening the peace of the whole Middle East. There is reason now to believe that U.N. ef- forts in averting further conflict will prove effective, though it would take the wisdom of a Solomon to bring the contending parties inco amicable relations.

During the fifteen years. since the founding of Israel, the At ib fovernments have remained adam- ant in their refusal to recognize the new nation or go beyond border

by

titory claimed by Israel is ten yards from the water's edge. There has been firing over fishing rights, and over farming in a de- militarized zone bordering on -he lake.

Another cause of tension has been an Israeli plan to divert the waters of the Jordan river to ir- rigate the Negev desert to the south. The Syrians claim the project would lessen the flow of water to their own farmers. In addition, the Arab nations all oppose anything that would contribute to strengthening Israel economically. Sensitive to this antagonism, the Israeli govern- ment has followed a policy of strik- ing hard when it felt that Arab pressure had gone too far; and tnis policy appears to have been put in.o effect again on Saturday.

According to an Israeli army spokesman, the attack was under- taken because of a series of aggres- sive acts by Syria, including the firing on Israeli fishermen. Syrian gun positions were knocked out, and there were casualties on both si’ >s. Pledges of support for Syria came from Arab Jordan and even from President Nasser’s United Arab Re- public, which has feuded with the Syrians since they broke from union with Cairo last year. There is no question as to the conflagraticn this spark would have caused but for prompt U.N. intervention in im- posing a cease-fire.

This proves once again that there is no alternative to the United Nations as a provider of a vast com- plex of international services through its specialized agencies. It is human to criticise the U.N. for failing at times, but when its suc- cesses and failures are added up, the score must be compared—not with the record of some hypothet- ical perfect organization—but with the score that would have been made in a world with no such organization.

The Late Mr. Peppin

Though not a native of this Pro- vinee, the late Mr. S. G. Peppin was proud to call himself a Prince Ed- ward Islander, and the many years in which he served here as hr of the federal seed potato inspection and certification division were pro ductive of far-reaching results to our Island potato industry. With the late Mr. R. R. Hurst, he was ifstru- mental in introducing Sebago pota- toes into the province, and there are many other achievements to his credit, of benefit both to our pro- ducers and shippers, in improving the quality of Island seed and the marketing methods in connection therewith.

Mr. Peppin was known and es- teemed for his gentlemanly qual’ as well as for his wide knowledge and experience in his chosen field. Though retired for some years, 1is name was still a household word and his death has brought a sense of keen personal loss to many of our people.

Well Said

Commenting on some recent bit- ter personal attacks on public men in this country, the Ottawa Journal has the following comment which could well be pondered by partisan critics on both sides, as represent- ing a true expression of public opin- ion in this country :

“Canada needs iron and wit in her political debates. And the pas- sion of conviction. Canada has no need of political epithets that are scurrilous and mean; the offscour- ings of minds that should have no place in our politics. These only wound the nation.

“The nation is wounded, politics defiled, when John G. Diefenbaker is accused of ‘McCarthyism’. The nation is wounded, politics defiled, when Lester B. Pearson is accused of ‘Communism’. This is not manly debate. It is not civilized debate. It is the low technque of the smear.

“Canada has a proud tradition of debate, discussion, dissent. Let us

not degrade that glory to the alien’

way of the Communist and the Fascist.”

EDITORIAL NOTES

A thought worth pondering from Adlai Stevenson: “If the Soviet closed society opened enough so that in both societies” there ca-ne to be men and women who under- stand in depth the hopes and fears of their opposite numbers, we should have opened many windows to light and set many candies burning in the gloom of ignorance.” ~

k Nicholson

DANCE OF THE SEVEN VEILS OTTAWA REPORT by Pat:

Radical Change In Liberal Ideology

For better or for worse the

Liberal

Party is

radically

changing the principles which have steered it for 95 years since Confederation.

As guided by Sir Wilfred Laur-

ier and Mackenzie King,

our

Liberal Party was an orthodox

Political machine. It sought

appeal to the voters through

to

popular policies and pleasant

personalities electoral swings,

With the normal

to time with the Conservative Party as our federal govern-

ment responsible to the voters. But this Laurier concept “responsible government”

of was

subtly changed as the late C.D.

Howe accumulated C:

inet au- thority. A successful business- man, born and raised in USA, he

was accustomed to quick deci- sion by a board of directors and

positive action by a managing

he was unfami-

ciated the political art of com- promise to preserve the rights of minorities. He introduced to Ottawa somethin, inde- mocractic philosophy of statism.

BOSSOCRACY EMERGES

This was loudly deplored by | the high - principled Liberal of the old school and former Cab-

inet

Minister, Hon.

‘Chubby”

Power, at the Liberal Conven- |

tion

here in 1948.

“From the ideology of the CCF.,"" he said, “‘we have lifted the worship of bureaucratic con- trols. This has left Parliament little more than the role of a hating society, controlled from the outside, not by the people who elect its members, but by minor czars and petty dicta-

tors. St

Laurent was less strong and active than King in the of- fice of Prime Minister; this in- creasing power vacuum at

top enabled the bureaucracy to

re and more

detailed power of These “minor czars and petty

dictators,” who

of the

were usurping |

the authority of our igo par-

liamentarians,

met

quent

in small groups at lunch and in

larger groups

in their hom

in the evening. Thus Canada 8 governed around the buffet table rather than around the

was

Cabinet Council

table, and in

closed discussion in private hou-

ses rather than in

He But the popular ups

$73.5

rt

i

3

‘open

debate

jouse. surge at the

= ago lifted the curtain from tl mented

and less consumer goods. But this issue now clearly confronts 8 the Liberals

and King, and proclaim the elec-

tion issue as being “Free Ent- erprise” versus what Liberal | stalwart Chubby Power calls “minor czarism."

Algerian Aftermath

y Joseph MacSween

Canadian Press Si

The cruel war-within-a-war waged by European Algerians against a cease-fire arises from a of betrayal, among other things.

Gen. Charles de Gaulle was called to power, in their view, to prevent Algeria from being

it away from France but in- stead has agreed to terms in- evitably leading to Algerian in- dependence.

e European Algerians migat have difficulty finding in de Gaulle’s ponderous sometimes ambiguous — prose any convincing proof or broken promises to justify their blood- curdling terrorist tactics.

But there is evidence that emotion rather than reason is the motivating force. It has found a matching bitterness among military men shocked by France's losses in wars going back almost continuously to

939. REGIMES TOPPLE

The Moslem rebellion against France began November, and rebel strength reached a peak in 1957-58. Government after government toppled in Paris on the Algerian issue.

A climax in chaos came May 3, 1958, after Pierre Pflimlin became France's 24th premier since the Second World War. Europeans in Algiers—suspect- ing he was about to negotiate with the Moslem rebels — vir- tually seized control of the city, with the co-operation of some army elements.

French National Assem- bly, fearing civil war, voted full powers to de Gaulle—who had

if Writer

been in retirement for 12 years —and he became premier, later president, as a result of the Al- | gerian revolt - within-a-revolt, De Gaulle, however, disen- gaged from his initial support- ers and promoted, by stages, they idea of Algerian independ- ence in association with France. Observers saw no spectacular policy changes but a gradual shift as the austere de Gaulle exercised his gift of moving while seeming to stand still.

GAIN LOST

Many army officers were em- bittered to rebellion because— in their view—the basis of mili- tary victory had been achieved only to be frittered away politi- cally. European Algerians, num- bering 1,300,000 in a total popu- lation of 10,000,000, foresaw the end of their economic and polit- | ical supremacy in the land France first colonized in 1842.

‘An oddity of the situation is that fewer than 500,000 of the European Algerians — although fanatically attached to French connection—are French in origin. The others are mostly Spanish, Italian, Maltese and Greek, some of them retaining their original citizenship.

it the majority of all na-

tionalities have been in Algeria for generations — longer than many families have been in Canada, for instance — and recognize no prior right for the | Moslems. The Europeans - tain Algeria wasn’t a country until they made it so and they see in that country their only future,

Gravel Turk Island

A few years ago, seribed Grand Tur!

“out of the wash news.”

ee astronaut John Gl

the Atlantic island

right in the middle of world | news.

It has not known so much ex- | | citement Cap- tain William Phips salvaged @ Grand Turk, also a | Cockburn Town, A neat, clean,

since 1687 when

Spanish treasure galleon on the coral reefs offshore. The

‘i

! ; 3

[

Hila Hi il

HH

& i

RSE? i is

; i

HG

| ii inf

|

i

r ut iia?

iui yes teil

i z

i

hampered by la |

hotel facilities. Some food must |

be ed. 5

ONLY TOWN

The island settlement is known

justrious place, it has several

it i

a

i i |

i i

it i

3 23f Foeq

i

i ui

i a if

|

it i

DTs Follow Drinking Spree

some have them and others. don't? Wiiat is the remedy, if any?” This reader is referring to de- (DTs) which have been by hallu- cinations involving pink elephants snakes crawlig on the wall.

This condition affects long | of time ale oholics who go on | drinking bouts lasting

only sleep they get comes in the |

form of an alcoholic stupor. The DTs may

NOTES BY

THE WAY

for unreasonable solutions. Following the recent blasting transmission tower,

there was talk

sect members, Nothing came of

the

ry a heavy

srt iaies is flushed, dishev- | Shorthouse of Nelson that sect

a and shaking like a leaf on | Member: i ie | out Canada.

awakening from an_alcoholi binge (often in jail). The picture gets worse when he cannot ob- tain a drink. Restlessness _in- creases and he becomes confus- ed, with changes in judgment and te ly higher control centers may lead to out- bursts of violence.

‘There are wide fluctuations of mood and finally the victim be- comes delirious. He goes wild when frightened by the snakes and elephants he sees; becomes demanding when his delusions turn to something of tance; and cries, when he de- velops feelings of self-condem- nation.

Sedatives such as phenobar- bital. jel

promazini him quiet. When the room is darkened the terrifying hallu- cinations are less likely to oc- cur. On the other hand, anxiety may be accentuated when there 10 light in the room. Vita- mins B and C are helpful and extra fluids combat dehydra- tion, Magnesium also may be helpful. A high caloric, high pro- tein diet is started as soon as the souse is well enough to cat.

(Dr. Van Dellen will answer questions on medical topics if stamped, self-addressed envel- ope accompanies request.)

THYROID AND INTELLIGENCE M. K. writes: Is there any re- lationship between the 1.Q. and the basal metabolic rate? REPLY

The adult with a low meta- bolic rate (hypothyroidism) 1s likely to be dull or apathetic. This could affect the result of the intelligence test and give him a lower grade than he would get if his thyroid activity

| were normal. A low metabolism

from birth may retard the de- velopment of the brain, which would be reflected in a low 1.Q. (eretinism).

DISTURBED BLOOD PRODUCTION A.J. M. writes: What is aplastic anemia? REPLY

A form of anemia in which the blood forming elements go on strike and the red cells, dy- ing off at a normal rate, are not being replaced fast enough. The cause of primary aplastic ane- ‘mia is not known but in the sec- ondary type, blood production may be disturbed by chemicals, drugs, or radiation.

CLOUDY DISTORTED VISION

R. H. writes: What are the

symptoms of a detached retina? REPLY

vision, often described as a dark cloud before the eye. Obj ay appear distorted of

OUR YESTERDAYS From the Guardian Files

-FIVE YEARS AGO

a = o Regular Discounts on Farmers Cars the absence of the president. J. ‘nSie'ima's'ss | HYNDMAN & CO. LTD. he sebhitinliiee Insurance Since 1872 oes Ss as é by Premier 3, Water Jones ca" Sie Sern of the Prioce Seward ‘ Agents Throughout The Provines

's be dispersed through- | Identity cards, | curfews. and other violations of civil liberties on a group basis have been suggested. EXCELLENT WORK The RCMP have been doing

excellent work in tracking down the terrorists and their | leaders. Arrests, trials, and con-

should be determined by stra. tegic necessity, not by publie

sent s | — But in the long run, the only

hope is to encourage the Sons of Freedom out of their fanaticism, It is not necessary to make them full Canadians in the usual sense; if they can merely be drawn back into the peaceful fold of their fellow Doukhobors, the basie pro2blem will be solved.

Trans-Canada | Highway

Ottawa

Completion of the British Columbia section of the Trans- | Canada Highway this year wil mark the finish of an engineer- ing project more significant. ‘one sense, than any under- taken since the construction of | the first trans-continental rail- way.

When the Prime Minister and provincial premiers officiate at the opening in the Rocky Moun- tains next September, they will be Inaugurating a road that | will serve an important source of Canadian unity,

Some sections of the road will | remain to be completed: in New- | foundland, in Quebec, and in Ottawa, where the Queensway is part of the Trans-Canada High- way. In Northern Ontario, some

| sections will be under construc-

tion for years to come, as im- Provements are made, COAST-TO-COAST

But for all practical purposes, by next fall vehicular traffic will be able to move freely from Halifax to Vancouver on an all- weather, paved highway built to modern standards, without hav- ing to travel through the United |

Btates. | The road was first decided |

cit

upon in 1950, and has been a long time a-building. But this long highway of more than 4. 000 miles has had to be built, in places, through extremely ditt ficult country where the — cost has been up to $1,000,000 per mile; at the same time, each province has had other, heavy road-building commitments

PRIDEFUL .ACHIEVEMENT

Considering the serious en- gineering difficulties and the re- latively small population te share expenses, the Trans-Can- ada Highway is a prideful achievement even though it took more than 10 years to accom- lis

This has been a national pro ject; all grouys connected with it can claim credit. No doubt the men who had much to de with initiating the scheme—Mr. Robert Winters, former federal Minister of Public Works, fot example, and former Prime Minister St. Laurent—will be asked to attend the opening ceremony. That would be most proper. For it will be the kind of ceremony in which the whole nation, without regard to party, would wish to participate.

Southeastern Bastions NATO Letter

Ten years ago, Greece and Turkey abandoned their indivi- dual stands in the cold war cam- paign which the communist countries had been waging ag- ainst them since the end of the | Second World Wi to benefit from, and at the same time to strengthen, the security of the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-

tion, With strategic sections of their frontiers on Soviet-dom- inated countries, the two na- tions were exposed at point blank range to the comminist threat in all its forms. For | three years Greece fought com- munist guerrilla forces within er own borders, while Turkey defied Russian threats aimed at domination of the sea route | a"

the

-R HOUSE This house was made for winter, and stout, its walls have less affinity for | vines

and the fragile rose than for the winds that shout

around its chimneys, or for the snow that twit

white hlossoms on its eaves and water spout.

This house loves cold, It cuddles | down in thick

soft blankets and draws its snapping fires,

up high to warm its heart. And it is quick

to sleep to lullabies played im the lyres

of pines, or to the sleet’s long

westaticaly, bg statically. it accepts the wild

drum march of cloud; to the

opaque gray day and moonless night is reconciled. Tce is a kiss on it and it can take blizzards to ite blsom like child.

—Helen Harrington in the Christian Science Monitor

ACT NOW... one of

CAR OWNERS OF P.E.1.

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from the Black Sea through the Dardanelles and the Bosphor- us to the Mediterranean. Differ ing widely in culture and tradi- tion, the two countries share a stubborn determination to pre serve their freedom.

This common impulse of resis- tance to the Soviet threat led Greece and Turkey to exchange their precarious role of buffer states between West, for that of NATO partners form- ing the southeast flank of an Alliance pledged to defend each of its members.

The threat has not diminished in the ten years since their ac cession, and the NATO coun tries have acted to strengthen their cohesion, politi as military, and have undertak- en . notably in scientific field. As NATO mo into new spheres of activity, the benefits accruing to each of its members increase proportion- ately, and Greece and Turkey, together with their allies, look forward to setentifie and tech- nol advances _impossi! for a nation to achieve alone without heavy sacrifice.

Greece and Turkey have a8 many points in common as dif- fe but each brings its tradition to enrich

ferences, own national the Alliance,

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