_PA.‘3!__FQUR IiiE BIIAIILUTTETUWN GUARDIAN

Morning Dally (Founded tn 1887i

PrksldtnlZ Lieut. Col W Chester S. Mel-ere \'rr -Presidenl: J. 8. Burnett, FJJ. Secreturv: ldeut. Col D A. Mucllinnen- DSQ E-itur anti Burraging Director J. B. Burnett, FJL Asst-crate Editors: Frunit Walker and fan A. Burnett

SUBSCRIPTION BATES By Mull tn P l. 1.. $4.00 oer m»: $1M M 0 math $1.25 fvr 3 months; 50c for one month City Delsvery: $5.00 per year; $3.00 for 6 month! $1.75 for 3 month: is; lllati in Canada and U.S.A. $5.00 per your Saturday liar-tn): $2.00 per year; $1.00 for 6 monthl- ilic for 3 lllllllllll

The Charlottetown Guunllan may be obtained I u0Elll]llI'I Anne Agency, Tlmen Square, New Turin 01¢ Sunni .\'-.ns Agency, corner Mills and Washington, Bonnet hlt-lrupnliusn Nuns Agent-y, Ill-ll! Peel til. loot-reels J. l-‘rm, dbl llny SL, ‘for-mun; News Stand, Chateau lfeurer, Ottawa: \‘IIIIA"I News sinful, eudbury. 0m; Hub Tobneee Slurp, blunt-ion. N. ll.| Ellen Robertson. Amherst, N. l.

{The Strongest Memory rs Weaker than the Weakest Ink."

SATURDAY. JULY 5. 1941.

importatit School Meetings

The Zilllltllli ntcetitigs of the district school piélCif throughout the Province next 'l‘ticsdtt_v. lt is hoped that not only will

there be a full attendance of trustees, but that the taxpzrvcrs gctierally \\'ill make it their busi-

rte-s ltr be ]|l't'<(’llt in large and representative tittntltt-rs. in the past there has been too much

lukewtiritttic-‘s with regard to these important meetings. The schools sre the nurseries of our democracy, and it may us truly be said that the foundation of our school system is the trustee. 'l in each district. Where there is negligence, i itert-nre or shortsiglttedness on their part, the results are plainly discernable in the work of the school, in the attendance of pupils, and in the calibre of the teacher. The prime responsib- ility for obtahtiiiq competent trustees rests with the lallilllC. and cannot be evaded without dis- astrous consequences.

Prime Minister Churchill’! eloquent appeal for the "tools" to achieve victory in the war in which we are engaged. might aptly be applied to our cdticztiitiital prohlcut. It is the clear ditty of every citiztn~of every parent especiaiiy,—to sce that the tools of education are provided. 'l‘hcy can do this by taking active interest in the (iistrlCl school meetings_ The important duty oi SPiWTllfifl of a teacher has been taken from the inrlivitltial ratepayers and lcfi with the governing body, the trustees. This selection requires know- ledge which trustees sometimes do not possess. In anv case it requires co-operation and co-ordin- anon.‘ Information should be sought from school iii<pt-t~it»:x< and tcacltcrs as to the capabilities of aitpliczttits. Ibo often personal advantage rather than commutiity welfare governs the selection. 'l‘hi,< y ' there is a shortage of teachers, and the Ill-i its ivhich have the foresight to vote f~‘l‘li-t.".il'.l.'ti supplt-itiettts will be in a better posi- tion to obtain satisfactory’ results.

.\tl1\lllt’t‘ important factor is the care and at- ttiuii-an givctt to school property. The appearance of the :- mol griitttuls and building is an index of iht- routmtitiirv spirit. and is one 0f the stand- Zilii4 by ivhiclt we are judged by summer visi- tors. lit-re again the responsibility rests with the trustees and those WilO elect them to office.

The \\'<‘»tnen‘s Instittttes have set an excellent example in promoting interest in every phase of rural erhirruttiu. Hut there is still too mtich apathy in stinlc comnitlnities with regard t0 the importance of this subject. lt is necessary to realize that the continuance of our Christian (icltlocracy (it-pends not only on winning the war, but on cilitcattitg the rising generation to cope ‘ml. t}... jwjlflfltlrltltlfl PfflhlClflS and opportunities which the future has in store.

Norway's Protest

1",\'§ of the strongest anti most widespread s yei made by the people of Norway t r-Er Nazi tivcrlords has just leaked out country: (ln .\iay 15th forty-three of J6 lint-f ituportatit Norwegian labor and pro-

f1'~-i "l t-rctattirzttions st-nt a sharp protest t0 iii-wit-l..tI!ll'ill>~itl' Tr-rlitrvert ovcr the conditions xvlticii ltavt- dominatctl Norway since Quisiing's

Navi _ti'il‘t_\' was put into powcr last September 22-h in l~'d \\'-il'fl< thi= protest blamed the Ger- lthtl‘ rift-l puppet rttuhoritics for the brutal be- h-ri nit o.“ MIII-iii troopers. for threats and acts of 1 a tiitst loy-al Norwegians, for the httn- d< if 7il'l‘t'\l< and imprisonments that have and fut‘ ilta-tiivss destruction of law .. - . r m Litilrritl. lltt: forty-three organiza- tii-i». ltlif antiiq; all .~(\‘ll'lllS of the Norwegian pt-oi-lv. point out that uneasiness and irritation arr- l?lr'\' fllllilllLf into widespread hatred and ex- aspvrarioir trliiclt ran only interfere with daily work and lwtrm .\'--rua_v in every way. Finally.

vol d.

ili- .\I out Jill uriatpe dt-itiand an answcr atui flu H"! ti‘: for thin-e cottditititts from the Rtich~l~.~'.~ii§~-:tt', iujtrtiicintis Statements 'l'he liiivtrttntcut, tltruttgli the Minister of

llt-fvnw. ltas found it necessary and ' . In thr- llllt‘l'('.\li of recruiting, to issue a fnittial (all to .\rnt.~. 'l‘ltis proclamation it is httpetl wiil haw the dc-ircd effcct, and should .'t|.p'~al to rill loyal (Etuatliatis "to heed and to hrlp."

.\it".lll\\illl(‘. ilrimt- Minister hlackenzie King. now \i~llill‘,{ lltt‘ \\'<-st, has been making state-- lllt'lll\‘ winch would pt-rlittps have been better left tin-nil. llt- i-a talwn to task by the Sydney Post- lic-uutwi in tht- fnlloivittg terms:

‘ The ztil-lrt-ss dt-livcrcti in Vaticnuver by Prime hlini-l. r King on Monday was in its content one of thr- Ill»l~i rvmarkztlilc of the many remark- » »lii‘l‘t‘ilt'> ht- has tirade since the outbreak of

.i\< a recruiting effort it was, in effect, ‘i of reaction against the vcry purpose

‘ti ‘ ‘rll it ivas ostensibly directed. In re- dliwlltlliif hi< pivdge aqnitist conscription. in thr- ;~'-.i'?.-.ii htiragt- hc directed against his political "'\}\-i'l~"2ll\. in tnaltiug the covert. thinly veiled

‘trial th'.t if a t‘(-rl.'tin "small but vocal group" wiilililliltcti tlicit- agitation for compulsory service,

a tirar-time election might be held on that issue, Mr, King did his best,—0r ivorst, —-to stir political zmtagonistns amongst his hearers to their very depths. And to cap the climax of a glaringly inconsistent speech, he gravely and solemnly sffirmed that his whole policy with regard to military service was based on his de- sire to ntaintain "tiational unityt," for the better prosecution of Catiadzfs war effort.

“The ostensible purpose of Mr. King's trans- Canada tour is to procure recruits for overseas service. Why then did he not appeal simply and earnestly for volunteers, stating the urgency of the situation, and leaving it at that? Why did he drag controversial POIIIICS into a recruit- ing campaign? Why did he deem it necessary or expedient to denounce the opponents of his Government, at the very time when he was urg- ing his hearers to forget politics and make the greatest sacrifice mcn can make for a cause which involves the existence of our Empire and the life. of our civilization?

“It seems simply amazing that Mr. King does not even yet understand that there is no serious (livision of the people of Canada as between the voluntary and compulsory systems of recruiting, but that there is, on the other hand, a deepening conviction that his reiterated pledges against conscription are militating against the potency of the appeal for voluntary recruits."

EDITORIAL NOTES

After Independence Day we should be safe for a spell of real summer weather. u

The picnic season is now with us, snd economy should not be so strict ss to deny the little ones their long anticipated, and usually hugely en-

joyed outings.

iii

Gradually closing in for manhood service. The Government has ordered that no more men of military age be employed in the Civil Service until the war is over. An ordcr-in-cotutcil to this effect has been passed. n u s- e The first unit in the chain of United Ststes air bases on British soil that will string from Newfoundland to South America has been form- ally placed in commission 0n Tucker's Island. The naval base itself had been commissioned April 7. s- o e e The value of eggs and poultry meat sold in the province in 1940 totalled $951,000, an in- crease of $238,000 over r939. Egg sales totalled $727,000 compared with $509,000 in i929. Prices increased from r7 to 22.6 cents per dozen. Lay- ing hens numbered 415,000 (395,ooo in 1939); the average production of eggs per hen was 93 (gt) and the total output 3,216,000 (2,995,000) dozen. e a at w Sir Austin Henry Layard. British archaeologist and politician, born this date, I817. Conducted important excavations at Nineveh, discovering palaces of Esarhaddon and Scnnztcherib, the obelisk of Shalmanese II, etc.; afterwards M.P. for Ayiesbury, and member of the Government; sent as Ambassador to ltiadrid and Constantin- ople sticcessively. Published several works on his archaeological discoveries n: in m s Deserving Liberals are worrying over the fill- ing of the vacancies in the Senate and on the County Court Bench. No successor to Senator Hughes has yet been called, and judge Fraser, though past retiring age, is still without a suc- cessor in Kings County. It may be. of ctittrse, that the Minister of Finance is holding up both these appointments, as the lotiger the delay, the greater the saving to the (irivcrntnettt. But the Federal Treasury gain is our loss, as $10,000 ($5.000 each) per annum is a lot of money to be able to circulate in our small community. at s at r Who wnttld have imagined that the people of Erlmotitoti are haif-starvctP-a city in the midst of the "staff-of-lifc" growing country? Clear evidence of malnutrition was revealed in a re- cent survey undertaken in the Alberta capital Mr. L. B.Pctt, professor of bio-chcntistry and nu- trition at the Yniversity of Alberta, said in an address at the Oids Agricultural Cnllcge. Only 47 per ccnt of the persons ititcrviciveti during the survey were getting enough to eat, Dr. Pett said. Only nine per cent 0f the people examin- ed were obtaining sufficient vitamin B in their diets, and this vitamin was COli>i(it'l‘(‘(i by auth- orities in Britain t0 be so essmitial to the health of the people that it was bcittg introduced into wheat flour. Dr. Pctt atldcti that 50 per cent 0f the persons examined were tint getting ctrotiglt fats in their diets. and ottly 38 per cent were obtaining sufficient proteins. s n- =0- s

Lord Parmoor, whose death at the age of 89, is just announced does not need to depend upon the fact that he was the father of the present ambassador to Russia, for fartic. iic had a most distinguished career in Church and State, having been (IIZHIFEIIOT and VICFIF-liCIIUItII of York. Chairman of Cantcrbttry House of Laymen, First Chairman of House of Larty in Church Assembly‘; besides tltcse ecclesiastical offices, he was Lord President of the Cotincil, British Re- presentative to the League of Nations, Leader of the House of Lnrtls, Mcmbcr of the Judicial (fomtnittce of the l‘rivy (buncil. lie was the father of f0ttr sous, three of whom gained hon- our and distinction in Iiduczttinrt, 'I‘ra(ie and Commerce, and one, the youngest as an advanc- ed Socialist and member 0f the Ramsay Mac- donald Labour (Iinvcrmnent. The eldest is Estates Bursar and Fellow of Quccn’s College, Oxford, and served as (aptain of the Lincoln- shire Ycomanry during the last war; the second is Chairman of Robert ilougias (iloud St.) Ltd., served with the Royal llucks littssars at Gailipoli, Palestine, France. llt-lqititn; the third is a ship- owner and served with the 4th iiussars titrottgh- nut the war; while the fourth, Sir Stafford, be- came Solicitor-General in the Labour Govern- ment. and stibseqtimitly withdrew from the Trades Union Cfltlgress because they would not approve of itis advanced Focialist policies. When the wnr with Iiitler broke out. he was specially

il§i\'(‘(l to represent ll; itaiit at hInwowv, bcing 5,11,. scqucutly accredited Ambassador,

rut: cnatytorrtzrown GUARDIAN

NOTES BY TiiE WAY

No doubt. Hitler often thinks of days when he was a bum on the streets of Vienna, perhaps with. clothing that we; not. quite whole; and Mussolini probably recalls the evtl days when he was starving in Switzerland before a. Russian countess rescued and fed him. —- San Francisco Argonuut.

l! the matter has ever bothered you, don't fret. about 1t any longer. The men who work on the-m say railroads and railways are the

some things. Santa Fe railway of-I

ftcials point out. that ctf 137 first- class railroads 1n the United

States, 65 use “ratlwsy" and 69 use "railroad" 1n then‘ corporate names. Three roads could not!

res-elm is decision apparently, and left the designation out entirely.- Stratford Beacon-Herald.

Italian airmen do not [IIIIIC u navigators. Some months ago s. squadron of Italian bombers raid-l ing Alexandria could not get back,‘ to its base because the leader was shot down and he was the only navigator tn the group. Now this- swry is by the report that. Italian planes attempting u night. raid on Gibraltar bombed the Spanish town of Esteponta, mim- in; their target by a clear 26 miles, _ Edmonton Jcurnal.

Well-Intentional‘! but. slsortsight-

ed individuals who feel that this He is

ls s good time to become "class- conscious" and to hold out for oer- taln "rights might do well to get through tthelr heads that. tn Ger-. many there are no "rights", exceptl the right to do what the Nazi hler- . archy commands.

every production delay occasioned by "class-conscious" insistence on, "rights" brings the poslbtllty of Nazi domination nearer. - Brant- ford Expositor.

Like the hitch-hikers who some- times rerpay kindness by slugging motorists who give them rides, some soldiers similarly assisted are doing their associates immense harm. One man who picked upf two soldiers recently discovered when they had left his car that they had chosen to smother their cigarettes in the middle of the plush. seat rather tihan to use the receptacles provided for butts. It is safe to assume that, because of such behavior. tuiat motorist will not. again give soldiers any lifts on the road. —- Brockville Recorder and Times,

If the war lusts much longer, say the bombers. men will either have to shave themselves. be saved by women - or grow beards. A shortage or: razors and blades caused b the reduction of sup- plies to 5 percent. of peace, is one obstacle to self-shaving; and there are some people who have never shaved themselves. "lat wo- men barbers are to take the place‘ of men, where are they to comet from?" asked Mrs. Ida J. Tirikler, Secretary of tine Hair-dressers’ Parliamentary Council. "Figures in our files show that 96 percent. oft women hairdressers may be liable! to registration for war work“. Inndon Star.

The cales of the Boulevard $1.! Michel are frequented by Germani soldiers, who. on entering, unbuckle I the belt with bayonet attached and hang it up on the hat-rack. Stud-l ents who are so much about that. neighbor-heed. started to appear‘ tn belts to which a bicycle pump was attached by a. p.ece of string On entlerl a cafe tihey would make a great. ow of removing this equ:p-| tnem and hanging it. on the hat- rack, — Liverpool Daily Post. I

The breaking moments of dawnl bring sailors to their action l stations. Just as they bring so.d e S to standing-to posts. That. is the dangerous time tn every branch of the service. Just. as light big ns to‘ break through an attacking force! can launch an assault that will overcome resLtance unless the de-i

fenders are prepared against sur- ‘0

prise. Taking advantage of the dim light. ins attackers have the! advantage because they know where ' they are going and they have a plan of action. The defenders have to be right on the trigger to break up the offensive. or they will be over- whelmed befs-re they can get to their posts. As B, naval officer ex-l

latncd it, two ships can be cruls-l ng wlthtn a few hundred yards of‘ each other tlhrough the nzght. andl when dnwn breaks the crew that‘ has its fingers on the triggers wtlll be the crow that survives. Stand-l to is just what it implies. In a well- dtsclplined unlt. all the men stand at their posts with their weapons‘ ready for immediate action. In prise. They may stand-to for weeks that way they guard against sur- wlthout. anyth ng happening, but the morning will come vuhcn alert- ness will save the day-yes. even save the British Bnpire. - Wind- sor. 0:11., Star.

The Spanish grandees. who have lately held a meeting in‘ Madrid for the first time in ten years, have s title little under- stood outslde Spain. Drummond, Wolff. who was ambassador there for some time. says 1n his auto-' biography that the grandeeshlp has "very peculiar qualities. An ordinary gentleman or a person with any minor title having a zrandeesitip takes precedence of dukes whose grtmdeeshlp is jun- ior. The only exception is in the case of Court functionaries." Thus the Dukes of Medina Coelt nave or had eight dukedoims. sixteen mar- qulsates, tlwelve oountshlps and three vlsoounttes. Theft- grandee- shlps are three, t/wo of them sn- nexed to marqulsates and one to u countshlp. ‘Ihe Duke of Alba. who Dmslded, has for principal title the Dukedom of Bet-wick. His lmmecl-l late mcesbcrs have half a dozen dukedotms, eleven marqulsates. fif- teen countships. One of his mar- quisates sndighreelot his countshlps o a gra eedn p. In Spain hus- buflr-ilds and wives confer on each other their titles, and u Spanish titles 8o ln tut-m descent. whether w sons or dtsmhters, they have multiplied enormously in course o! time. — Manchester Guardian.

The theory of the terrorist wu- mnker is that 1f u do enough damage and sprea enou h slaugh- ter and suffenng you wll create e demand for peace. ‘The theory has been severely tested 1n England. ‘mere has been extensive damage to

l WORDS OF CHALLENGF

A THOUGHT A DA! FOR A PEOPLE AT WAl.

"sflllmly. WU as an ltndlvf- dual are not so blind as to think that fin this moment of i national emergency you can , bass your responsibility to

some one else. Let. us play our part 1n making the world g better and safer nlwe to live tn through the medium of the success of me armies of the democracies." — J. . Mac. Donald. Wallacebursr Hydro Commissioner.

I heard u ntdoen cry or palnl There ls a. rabbit. 1n a snare: Now I hear the criv strain,

But I cannot tell from where.

But I cannot tell from where calllnu out for aid: Cwlnsz on the frightened air, Maklnx evervtlilntz afraid.

Making everything afraid, Wrlnklutg up his little face, As he cries attain for aid: And I ciumot find the nltwel

Where his new is tn the snuet Iilttle one! Oh. little one! I am searching everywhere.

-James Stephens.

The Ukrainians

(Ottawa. Journal)

Who are the Ukrainians, those people whose country may now be- come _one of history's decisive battlefields?

The Ukraine is the third largest of the republic; which go to make up the Union of soviet Socialist Republics. Before Russia added to it. the Ukrainian sections of Poland tn 1939, the Ukraine had an urea of 450.000 square kilometers, almpst as large as Germany. 'I'his area had a population of some 31 mlll- ion. including large Russian and Jewish minorities living mostly 1n the towns.

The Ukrainians do not all live in the Soviet. They are a Slavic people

‘speaking a. language different from

but. nkln to the Russian. Although there has never been n. unlfted Ukrainian state embracing all the Ukrainian peoples there has been for years a. national feeling which became intensified during the nineteenth century. Before 1914 many Ukkraintans lived in Austria- Hungary. where they were known as Ruthenians. The collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917 saw the setting up of an autonomous Ukrainian government 1n Kiev. 'l‘lte Germans and Austrians, need- ing the bread of the Ukraine. en- couraged such a move, but when the Boshevlsts pushed south into Kiev the Austro-Germans occupied the Russian Ukraine and set. up as a ruler General Skoropadskt. The German occupation. however, was opposed by the Ukrainians and they assassinated the German Field Marshal Von Eichorn. I Q O I

Collapse of Germany tn 1918 meant the end of German domin- ation of tunv part of the Ukraine, whereupon the Ukralnlans began battling for their independence ‘Ihev were not unsuccessful. and by the treaties of Riga. 1920-21. the Soviet and Poland recognized independence of a Ukrainian ‘Re- public. British supporting Ukrain- ian demands for autonomy. Howev- er. large sections of the Ukraine and Ukrainians were included in the Pu- llsh Reptiblic where they continu- ally protested. against. Polish rule, ther Ukrainians went to Rusnanla and Czecho-Slovakta

The Ukrainian Republic was never free of Russian domination. and 1n

3 it. was incorporated as one of the Soviet Republics. As such lt has its own local government at. Kiev. with its own administration and the Ukrainian lanlzuaee used 1n the schools and courts. Last veer Rue- sla brought. back within her boun- darlcs those Ukrainians who once lived in Poland and Rumanla.

Ukrrtitttttn Nationalists are far from betnz united ln their aims. some are anti-Russian. some antl- Polish. others anti-Hungarian. A lartze number. even outsde of the Sauelcereiinmtttutsists. 1n simian!

of buildings and the inflicting of wanton suffering are not enough to

break the snirlt of a. nation. - '

Boston Herald.

"£1

TiiEY AIiE SlliiE T0 PLEASE Yillli