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Covers Prince Edward Island Like The Dew w..l. Hancox. Publisher Burton Lewis Executive Editor -Published every weeli day morning (except Sun days and statutory holidays) If T65 Prince SQMOI. Charlottetown, P.E.|., b Branch offices at Summerside. tor and Souris. Represented nationally by Thomson Newspapers

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rife}: ii MONDAY. DECEMBER 2. 193:1.

i

_“Th'c strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink"

Tragic Weekend

The air crash near Montreal 0|’! Friday night. killing 118 persons in the worst disaster in Canadian aviation history, cast a gloom over the weekend. All our citizens have been deeply moved by this tragic occurrence, by the loss it has oc- casioned and the heartbreak it has left in its wake.

Actually, there has been a big improvement in air traffic safety in recent years. which is something that cannot be said for our high- ways. No system has a better record in this connection that the Trans- Canada Air Lines, and we may de- pend that in this case a very thorough investigation will be made. This. of course, will not bring back the dead in Friday's disaster, or do much to console the living; but it may help to prevent similar occur- rences ln future.

It seems a hard price to pay for progress. But even those who feel this most deeply are aware that we cannot put back the clock to more primitive means of transport. The challenge lies in putting great- er emphasis. at all times and under all conditions, on the safety factor.

Should We Have Cheered?

Finance Minister Gordon is said to have been “surprised” at the un- favorable reaction of Premier Shaw to the announcement of the propos- ed new taxsharing formula at the Ottawa conference last week. It doesn't surprise us that Mr. Gordon ahould be surprised at anything these days, since he is finding it so difficult to reconcile his academic pronouncements about government financing with the facts of political life.

Take his ill-considered Budget of June 13, for example—much of which has had to be withdrawn af- ter being exposed to public criti- cism. And we are reminded by the Ottawa Journal that in his speech to the Commons at that time, Mr. Gordon attacked the Conservatives for what he considered their mis- management of affairs. He said the 1962-63 fiscal year deficit for which he held them responsible would he $752,000,000 while for 1963-64, un- der his care, the deficit was esti- mated at $565,000,000.

On this proposed achievement Mr. Gordon said proudly: “To do more this year would not be wise having regard to the present state of the economy. To do less would be irresponsible.” The summer and fall have faded away and so have the bright estimates of the finance minister.

Emerging from the federal-pro- vincial conference one day last week, Mr. Gordon said he had told the delegates that the 1963-64 deficit would be close to $700,000,000. And. of course, the year isn't over yet and the minister may have further occasion to be surprised at the dogmatism of his attitude last June, and at the false optimism that led him into making such a misleading prediction.

More to the point in this case would it have been for the minister to have explained how he reconciles with fair treatment the pittance

allotted to this Province under the’

new federal formula. as compared to the generous allowance to Quebec and to the other Atlantic Provinces. It wasn't even on e per oapita basis, which would be unfair enough eon- ’ dds:-tug our lreatar fiscal need. 7 «£11011 perhaps--having had this " , to us-we could

all share in Mr. Gordon's surprise that the Premier of this Province should be so ungratefulas not to join in the chorus of praise on this occasion.

Peaceful Antarctica

One place where the United States, the Soviet Union and other countries seem to have no trouble in co-operatiiig—-—where indeed the cold war has never penetrated- is Antarctica. A beginning has been made by the U.S. in sending special teams to inspect Soviet bases an d those of half a dozen nations there. Even the Soviet reluctance to sub- mit to inspection is no factor in this area, which under the Washington treaty of 1959 is a. fully demilitariz- ed zone, barred for nuclear testing or disposal of nuclear waste.

We have been reading about this setup in the Milwaukee Journal. and it makes an interesting story. The United States and Russia each has four scientific bases in Antarctica, and in addition the U.S. has a naval vessel as a floating research station and operates a. base in co- operation with New Zealand. Eight other nations have stations.

The Soviet Union and the Unit- ed States haven't made claims to Antarctic territory, although most of the other nations active there have. The U.S. recognizes no claims by others. and Russia, in the words of Prof. Philip C. Jessup of Columbia University, “murmurs about th e voyages of czarist explorers in the old time. but in general contents it- self wilh saying that no solution in which it does not participate will be acceptable."

The Antarctic studies have a pre- cerlent in the International Geophys- ical year in which 60,000 scientists from many countries cooperated in many projects in the 18 months end- ing in December of 1958. Dr. 0dis- haw, who headed the United States committee on these activities, called the program "the single most sig- nificant peaceful activity of man- kind since the renaissance and the Copernican revolution."

Which proves, among other things. that the Russians can co. operate when it suits their purpose.

Tobacco Tax Bile

From the several hundred mil. lion dollar excise levy Ottawa col- lects on cigarets. Health Minister LaMarsh says $600,000 will be allot.- ed to anti-tobacco education among young people and for research. This grant followed declaration by rep- resentatives of eight of the provin- ces that there is a proven relation- ship between smoking and lung can- cer."

The major amount, $400,000, will be for education; the other third is for research work. The program will be developed by a com- mittee and the details submitted to the provincial governments for ap- proval. For there is no province that does not contribute extensively to this tobacco tax.

The committee will include mem- bers of the tobacco industry. It may be that they are being invited to see their business slaughtered, says the London Free Press; but that may not be so. The trade has expressed wide interest in research, for the exact content of the fag that causes lung injury has not yet been determined. The industry may through research find a way to eliminate the health hazard in the cigaret and permit it to avoid its present stigma.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The September report by the Labor Department at Washington showed 3.500.000 unemployed in the U.S. in that mon-th—l50,000 more than a year ago in actual numbers. Percentage wise it was 5.5 per cent of the labor force compared to 5.6 a year ago. These figures show that even the expanding economy of the United States. cannot keep up, in em- ployment, with the population in- crease.

O t O

Discussing the failure in Bel- gium of governmental measures to 801W? the Problems of bilingualism and biculturalism presented by the Fleming-s (Dutch-dialect-speaking) and the Walloons (French-speaking), the Montreal Star comments: “If there is is lesson to be drawn from the Belgian case by other bilingual communities. it is perhaps that in. flamed emotional conflicts cannot be solved by political means."

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THE OVER-ZEALOUS HANDY MAN

_OlTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson Cynical Coincidence At Washington

Our Foreign Minister. I-Ion. Paul Martin. was presented with a big ugly woodcarving by his opposite number in the LS. gov- ernment. Dean Rusk. during a visit to Washington on Septemb- er 7. This presentation was a gesture to mark 150 years of peace on the Great Lakes since the last Canada-U.S.A. battle there. on Lake Erie in the year

13

Dean Rusk. apparently over-

ernment and our labour leaders ‘virtually cooperated in setting up an non- c o m m u nist union. ' which they put under the control of Hal Bank special I so that he could be imported i from U.S. to exercise that day- i to-day control. 3 FRYING PAN T0 I-‘IRE l This new set-up was welcom- l ed with hope. but led to despair. lone NDP member told Parlia-

looked the undeclared war of i ment that it had developed into

1963. in which the Canadian ship "Howard L. Shaw" had been dynamited in the U.S. lake port of Chicago. after being tied up there through a summer-long boycott which had cost its own- ers over $3.000.000.

In our changing wofld. the Great Lakes strife of 1963 has not been fought with bullets and bombardment; baseball bats and boycotts are the weapons of to- day. And significantly, it has not been our Minister of Defence and our Foreign Minister w b 0 have been involved. but our Min- ister of Labour, Hon. Allan Mac- Eachen. His active opponents

have been U.S. Secretary of La- :

bour Willard Wirtz, and the pre- sident of the AFL-CIO G eorge Meany.

The history of the Great Lak- es waterfront strife is well known. In the post-war years strikes held up shipping and baseball bats cracked skulls. A powerful seamen's union was accused of being communist - dominated, and our federal gov-

i. "a bureaucratic control deepen-

! ed by dictatorial methods." and 4‘ he cited attacks with baseball ' bats upon rank and file u 11 ion .members. A junior minister of Z the Liberal Government describ- . ed how, in the late Forlies. the ‘ great battle cry was “Let us rid the unions of communists." But ; the racketeers who replaced the j communists have proved to be i greater evil. he suggested. “Acts ‘of terror have been rampant. men have been dragged o ff lships. assaulted on the streets. ‘harassed, beaten. bullied and = crushed into submission. de- clared another M.P.

. determination to create a boar l of trustees to manage and con- ‘ trol the five unions operating on ‘ the Great Lakes. This is intend- ed as a temporary trusteeship. with the objective of restoring control of the unions to d u l y elected and responsible officers. I Labour Minister MacE.achern told Parliamnt. But an important and over-

T They Gcimbled And Lost

New York Herald Tribune

The men of the Isle of Man and their holiday visitors from the big isles of Britain had led a soft, sweet, pastoral life—until three operators came along from Las Vegas and tempted th e m with the dubious delights of that American gambling resort.

They presented a prospectus for a casino. complete with tab- les for roulette. chemin de fer. twenty- one and dice. The hum of the casino wheels would put the’ cows to flight and clear the isle for hordes of hungry gambl- ers from England, Scotland. Wales, Ireland and elsewhere.

our Pilgrim fathers. notably those of Methodist and Labor party persuasion. shuddered at the vision of ruined vacationers, burying their losses in drink and hesitating between suicide and the long road home to face th horror of bankruptcy and hun-

gry children. But the govern- ment authorities, tired of the pastoral life and tempted by a percentage of the casino‘s prof- its. were willing to gamble on the sturdy character of the Brit-

ish.

The results are now in after the first major gambling exper- iment of this klu in Britain. The expected boatload: and plane- loads of professional gamblers. their bags bulging with notes from their latest raid on a mail train or truck. failed to show up. The crowds were modest. the bets were moderate. averaging less than 3 dollars.

The promoters walled: “We feel we are operating an amuse- ment arcade rather than a cas- ino."

They bet that time and tide had swept away the spirit of our Pilgrim fathers-—and they lost.

The Bigger Bite

C. J. Harris

One striking fact that is found in the new “Green Book" of tax- ation slatlslics issued by the Re- venue Department, is that the number of Canadians in the mid- dle- income bracket has been in- creasing very rapidly. while the number of taxpayers in the low- er- income bracket has shown a marked decline. It follows. of course, that because of the pro- gressively sleeper tax rates. the average tax payment has risen considerably.

In 1961. the most recent year for which an analysis is given in the annual review. there were 1.852.000 persons in the $4,000- $l0,000 income bracket— an in- crease of 788.000 from five years before. But in that same period the number of persons in the under $4,000 bracket declin- ed by 263.000 to a total of 2.495.- 000.

In all, from 1950 to 1961 lb e number of Canadians who paid personal income tax increased from 3.9 million to 4.5 million. their total payments climbed from $1.3 billion to $1.9 billion. and the average amount of tax rose from $321 to 0423. Since the total of personal income taxes paid last year was nearly $2.3 billion it. is likely that the aver-

ls now close to 70.

hi Cllp-Sheet

The new report on taxation statistics also shows substantial increases in the number of per- sons in the hlgher- income brac- kets. although the figures here are probably a lot lower than most people assume. '

From 1956 to 1961 the number of Canadians in the 810.000- 825.- 000 income bracket rose by 67.- 500 to 141.300, and the number In the over- $25,000 bracket by 7,- 200 to 19.300. Though they were few in number. only 3.5 per cent of the total. these $l0.000- and-up earners paid nearly one-third of the total tax.

The fact that may surprise most of the mid dle - income group. the $4.000 - 010.000 earn- ers. is that they paid nearly half the total.

A loniz- standing criticism of the system of progressive tax rates is that it penalizes initia- live. and certainly in Canada the tax bite out of additional earn- lnlzs mes -ip very quickly and starts at a relatively low level of taxable income.

For instance. pass the 34,000 mark and the tax rate is 22 per cent on the next f in-

ltlefi pelican

the next 13.0011; and at lI0.000 ll lslpceenteetae sanctum.

who was given . unanimity with immigration privileges i all parties switched their talk l

= the U.S. government

Thus came the government’:

looked underc urrent of this whole affair was a bitter resent- ment. against U.S.A.

It was astonishing to see the which MP5 of

from international unions to in- ternational interference: to note how they repeatedly criticized and the U.S. leadership of international I unions for attempting to dictate how Canada should run its own affairs.

"The Canadian trade union movement and the parliament of ; Canada cannot and will not ac- ‘ cept outside domination of our i jurisdiction and sovereignty;" 2 said N.D.P. member H arol ! Winch. who has been a member * of an international union for 39 ‘ years and a legislator for 30.

“There should be more Can- adian autonomy over Canadian affairs.” added N.D.P. stalwart,

Stanley Knowles. “This should

be true of all aspects of our life, ‘. economic, industrial. intellectual ' educatiimal. cultural. and de- 3 fence as’well."

‘ It was unexpected that "Can- adian nationalism" shouid be re- ferred to again and again by , MP3 debating international un- i ions. But the history of the Great ,1 Lakes battle of 1963. and the ac- i‘ tions in it of U.S. political and

union leaders, justify this talk. It

lthat Dean Rusk drew attention

other time during the interven- ing 150 years.

Our Yesterdays (From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO December 2. I988 Antogonish, N.S. Dec. 1. 1938 —- Two St. Francis Xavier University students I u c c ess- fully up h eld the resolution "That Canada‘: defenses should be put in order immed- iately" in a debate today with Kings College. They were Wai- lace MacDonald. Port Hood. N.S. and Walthen Gaudet Charlottetown.

Washington, Dec. 1 - (AP) — The United States Agricul-

re part m e n t announced today it had arranged for the sale of 1l,000.000 bushels of sur- plus Amerlcan wheat to flour mlll owners in Great Britain.

TEN YEARS AGO December 2. 1953

A former Islander now living in Ontario was the artist chosen to illustrate one of the feature stories in the current edition if the Magazine, Canadian Home Journal. The illustrator ls Kern Lewis _of Charlottetown. Mr. Lewis spent four years at the Ontario College of Art in Toronto.

Margaret Ann Ireland, one of Canada's most brilliant young planlsts. is to give the second of a current series of Prince of Wales College concerts. . 8 in the liege auditorium.’ This is a return engagement. Miss Ireland is the winner of many music awards and has given recitals in all parts of Canada, the United states and Europe.

COMMISSION MOIIAWK BARROW IIN FURNESS. Eng. land lReuters)—Canadlan High Commissioner George Drew was guest honor Friday at

the commissioning of the Royd Tribal class frigate. recs the

Navy’: new Mohawk

Gypsies Teeth Are Surprise

By Dr. Theodore R. Vunbellen.

A portable air cooling device was invented recently to reduce the stress of working hard in a hot and humid factory. Dr. W. F. Lienhard. of Tulane univer- sity, found the apparatus de- creased the number of he art beats 25 per cent. kept the body temperature stable, and reduc- ed sweating threefold.

It is difficult to cool cert a l n factories, expecially those with hot furnaces. Large air blowers help but are not too successful. Dr. Lienhard’s individual air cooling device may solve the problem by diminishing stress which, in turn, should increase production. A lightweight cool- in unit is strapped to the waist of a workman, which delivers cool air through plastic. per- forated tubes worn over the neck. The unit operates on com- pressed alr. .

A new pregnancy test we a described recently by Dr. W. Powell Hutcherson of Chatta- nooga. Tenn. It is based on changes in the hormonal sys- tem and takes only a few minu- lies to perform The procedure proved to be 94.21 per cent ac- vcurate when done on 1,000 women known at the lime to be pregnant. It was 100 per cent negative in the nonpregnant.

A learn of Hungarian dentists examined the m o u t h s 103 gypsies ranging in age from 60 to 100 years. The den t l s t s were surprised to find the teeth well preserved and firm and almost free of caries and mal- formations. Less th per cent of the group were toothless whereas 16 had all their set.

The teeth tended to be strongly abraded and this could be accounted for in some by y e a r s of wear and tear. others. pipe smoking was re- sponsible; the mouthpiece was held on the cutting edges of the l upper and lower incisors. But most of the heavy abrasion and lack of caries were traced to their diet. They ate vegetables rich in vitamins and bread sev- eral days old with hard crusts that required thorough masti- cation.

-4 I

These dentists also reported th si tend to develop dental calculus (stone) and dark brownish fur on the necks of the teeth. Precancerous le- sions (leucoplakia) inside the cheeks and on the uvula were detected in 42. 1: n d on btedly caused by chewing tobacco.

Mrs. D. writes: Our 3-month- old child just died of hydroce- phalus. Whal is the cause of this disorder?

REPLY A birth defect involving the circulation of the cerebrospinal fulid. This liquid surrounds the brain. and. in hydrocephalus.

too much is manufactured or the outlet is blocked. NERVE PAIN D.R. writes: Is the a dif- ference between neuritis and neuralgia? REPLY

Neuralgic pains tend to be sharper and less steady th a n the pain of neuritis. In addition, trigger points exist along the course of the nerve rather than tenderness of the entire nerve as in neuritis.

Today's Health Hint.-—

Regulate your bowel the nat-

NOTES BY THE WAY .

Wealth not bring happi- ness but it does bring a pleasant kind of misery.—Brendon Sun.

Women can keep a secret as well as men. but it generally tak- es more of them to do it.— Sar- iiia Observer.