THE GUARDIANA

Published every ween-day morning at us Prince etroel. Char lntletown. P.l.l.. by The Thomson Company fled 'CeverI Prille Idwnrl Island Like the IIII"

Editor. Prank Walker General leaner. inn A. Burnett

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"The strongest memory is weaker in the enkest ink."

TUESDAY. MAIL I. 1055

Hopeful News

What could possibly turn out to be then; most reassuring bit of news to come over! the wires for some time is contained in a cautious and semi-official report from the flive-power disarmament committee talks now going on in London. It says that Soviet Russia has advanced proposals for gradual reduction in conventional weapons to be followed by I total ban on atomic devices with I system of international control to make the ban effective. Appar- ently, in accordance with an agreement; of secrecy entered into before the con-; ference began. the information would noti have been given out at this time but for,

Caribbean Federation

Representatives of the British West Indian islands have just been meeting in Trinidad to discuss one of the problems vital to their future and that of the pro- posed British Caribbean Federation, first eonceived at Montego Bay in 1947-ethat

of freedom of movement within the pro-L This Federation will-

posed Federation. bring closer the ultimate aim of independ- ent self-government:

can become a reality.

One problem arises from the natural rivalry between Jamaica, the largest is- land. and Trinidad which, thanks to its oil wells, is the richest and second only to Jamaica in size; neither island would like to see the new Federation's capital in the other and West Indians may well consider the compromise . suggestion placing the Federal capital in Grenada. The second problem is graver; most of the islands are over-populated and! employ- ment is difficult to find. which explains the arrival in Britain of about a thousand West Indians monthly at the present time. Barbados. the most densely populated. has bcnn anxious to ensure complete freedom of movement within the Federation; Trini- dad. fearing an excessive influx of work- ers attracted by the oilfields. has op- posed the principle of uncontrolled inter- lsland migration. If this matter were left to the Federal Legislature some islands might unwillingly have to accept the de- cision of the majority: but if it were left to the individual units. the authority of the Federal Government would be weak- ened. The London Conference of April, 1953, agreed upon a liberal constitution in which, though individual island govern- ments would retain responsibility for cer- tain subjects, a single Governor-General for the whole Federation would exercise executive power in I number of fields, ad- vised by a Council of State the majority of whose membersswouid be appointed by its Prime Minister. A Senate of eighteen tr-embers nominated by the Governor-Gem err-l would form the Upper House of the lc"is'ature, whose Lower House would 0'"-'st of 45 elected members. During to first stages it would be permlnible for in.'livIduIlI- to It both in the federal leg- is'."ftIre and In their ownterritorlsl legis- lef"ree; ' 3,1

t bpolicyistoheiptheislands L economic and pout-

iill the new Federation

but there are still, some obstacles to be overcome before it

ofl

can achieve full self-government and In- dependent status as a member of the Brit- ish Commonwealth of nations. But no solution will be imposed; as proof of which British Guiana and British Honduras, both originally included in the plan, have been free to withdraw.

Dislurbmg

The news that seven distinguished scientists have cancelled plans for an im- portant conference which was to have been held at the University of Washing- ton in Seattle, because, in their opinion. that institution has placed itself "outside the community of scholars" by its refusal to include Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer in its list of visiting lecturers,'is, to say the least, disturbirig. .T'his is not the first in- stance of unpleasantness resulting from the United States Government's proscrip- tion of Dr. Oppenheimer as a confidant of the Atomic Energy Commission. Many of the country's leading scientists and scholars have come out against what they consider, rightly or wrongly. to have been a summary, inexpedient, and uncalled-for action.

The disturbing feature about this lat- est evidence of dissatisfaction among the scientists is not that a "symposium on the

an unexpected announcement in the gov. 1 molecular basis of enzyme action" has had

ernment-controlled Soviet press. That lit- tle detail. however, is not of any great importance. What is very important is that the proposals are, substantially, sim- ilar to those which have been recom- mended all along by the Wes-tern powers and which, until. now, have been vigor- ously opposed by the Soviet Government. Unfortunately, Soviet protestations of good intentions have failed to come to practical fruition on so many occasions in the past that Western diplomats are I little chary in accepting at its face value this latest overture from Moscow. How- ever, any sign of a change for the better in Russia's attitude on world problems is worth exploring; and we may be sure that the new approacheif it be I new one, and not merely the old obstinacy dressed in a new disguise--will be exam- ined for all it is worth. It may be that the Soviet leaders have come to the con- elusion that, since it is clear they are not going to have everything their own way, they may as well show I little rea- sonableness in their negotiations with oth- or powers. It is. of course, much too early to read any such assurance in their professed change of mind re armament; but, if the proposals rest on any sincerity whatsoever, they will mark a real step forward in international relationships.

ito be called offealthough no doubt. that is a very important subject in atomic era curricula-but that it shows a weakness in the free world system of security. Dr. Oppenheimer may or may not be expend- able-the A. E. C. appears to believe he is; but, regardless of the right or wrong of the ban imposed on him, one thing is certain: without the fullest co-operation of the scientists, especially in Dr. Oppen- heimer's own field, Western attempts to keep ahead of Soviet Russia in nuclear research and achievement must remain under a more or less serious handicap.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish scien- tist, philosopher and mystic, died this date, 1772.

The automobile, notes an exchange, gets blamed for many things. The latest mark against it is that it has changed clothing habits. People riding in closed cars wear lighter clothes or non-woollen garments and this has dealt a wallop to the wool trade and to some textile manu-

facturers.

According to the C. N. R. financial report, a drop of 10 per cent in revenue ton-miles of freight traffic was a major contributor to the worst fall-off in oper- ating revenue in the company's history. Freight business accounted for 78 per cent of all operating income. The total drop in such income amounted to 356 million, and the net result was a deficit

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for 1954 of Si28.7 million, although oper- jating costs were slashed by lB32.6 million. i O I O ' Drama students cannot afford to miss the film version of Shakespeare's "Julius

Caesar" at the Prince Edward Theatre.

but all the great passages have been re- ltained and the scenes are magnificently produced. Highlight of the picture, as of the play, is Mark Anthony's oration, and ithe setting in which it is placed enhances lthe effect tremendously. Here is tragedy in the grand manner. It is neither "highbrow" nor lowbrow but a' majestic refashioning of ',the raw material of life by the world's greatest dramatic poet. O O i The United Kingdom increased her Canadian purchases sizeably in the first two months of 1955. This is shown by the latest figures made available in Lon- don by the Board of Trade. Britain bought more than 55140 million worth of goods from Canada during January and February of this year; compared with 589.5 million in January and February of 1954 and h95 million in January and February 1953. Wheat and barley were responsible for a good part of the rise. Imports of wheat almost doubled. I 0 According to Richard Scott. diplomatic correspondent for the Manchester Guard- ian. recently returned from the Far East. the present. Chinese Nationalist admin- istration on Formosa is a great deal, less corrupt and inefficient than it had shown itself to be on the mainland before it was driven out in 1949. The troops. too. seem to be in better shape and with higher mor- ale than they had shown on the mainland. For this improvement the correspondent says the United States has been largely re- sponsible. Americans are playing an im- portant advisory role in every branch of administration. Apart from the direct military aid she is-giving the Nationalists. the Q. S. economic aid program for this you will amount to 3138 million. Mr. Scott believes that If the Communists did try'to capture Formosa-and there are fun slvns whatever that they intend to do lso for the present-they would encounter very strong resistance from the National- iists Iinmorted by the American 7th Fleet.

i J

I i

There have been some necessary deletions,

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PU BLlC FORUM

I'nlI Iolunn II Ipen lo the dlnene Jun by correspondent: of question: at Interest. The Guardian does not necessarily endorse the -mun. el ulreluundelll-I.

THOUGHTS ON GIVING

Sir,-On the subject of "Giv- ing" as it relates to Christians and worshipers of God, I am tempted to make comment.

So many people are interested in this - shall we say "law" - of social life - so many questions are asked w enough to tell us that people are dissatisfied with the present rule - seeming to feel that something is not quite right. yet they "would" like to know and do - what is right: - They've set me wondering too

The questions are many: How much should I give? is tithing for the "Church" (The Lord) enough? Why is "Giving" not included in the Ten Com- mandments? How much did Jesus Give? Did Jesus tithe? What did he say about "giving"? is it porlant" to give to the church?

In attempting to answer these questions I hope. I can, at least, tempt some more worthy intellects to take up this challenge, so.- much in need of light.

First it is my opinion that tith- ing or "giving to the church" is vitally important and should be a law of Christian life. It is an

ancient Hebrew Law and rite. They called it I gift to "The Lord."-l believe the word

"Church" is of Anglo Saxon orig- in. and was not known in Bible times. The Synagogue was, and still is the Hebrew church.

Readers of the Bible will recall that the first "murder" among Gods chosen. was the result ,of a quarrel over "giving to the Lord." Cain felt envious because his gilt was not so conspicuously recognized as his brother's. - Re- sults are not quite so serious today - but serious enough to keep people out of church. The Church is the bride of Christ. A "gift to the church" is a "gift in God.”

How much should I give? One tenth. according to Jesus' leaching. was the "minimum" ex- pected,-according to the Ancient law. Jesus said, "I come not to destroy ithc law" but to fulfill it. His own coming was I partial fulfillment of the law. Now, does the tenth mean one tenth of my living or one tenth. over and above my living? - What is your standard of living?

Jesus answered that, in the parable of the "widows Mite." "They, of their abundance. have cast in but she hath given all the living that she had" e one penny e Therefore, she gave not U10 of her income but 10tl0. or all of ii. and her reward in heav- en would be proportionately great- er than those who. of their abund- ance. had given large sums. They gave U10 or less of their income. She gave 10li0 or all. Jesus said, "She hath cast in more than they all."

Does It matter whether I give in the church or not, so long as "I give" to some worthy cause?

Jesus answered this question, I believe, in the parable of The Ten Vii-gins who were shut out of the kingdom of heaven be- cause they forgot to put the "oil of love and kindness” into the "lamps of the law.'' - I very beautiful and significant figure of rhetoric. where Jesus com- pares the kingdom of heaven to I marriage feast or ceremony. in such a ceremony, the virgins carried oil lamps. as they enter- ed. The foolish virgins were com- pared in people who keep the law clamp) to the letter. but neglect the needs of the poor about them.

”Charitv begins at home." is I wise proverb. .so people. who give rellglou-ly to the church. neglecting the nccviy about their door. may well class themselves with the 3 fool- ish virgins. whn carried the l-mn of the law unfilled by the oil of kindness. I I-hnritv. Notice. the other 5 I-gins took their "-mus tthe law ""94 with the all of lo-vlI'rlI1I.1-bv-ih and om". .4 0-. ..,.,,.g.-Q. man, we ".4. "-h were on 9-upw M bnv ML. too late lm'-'-'-vi-'l-?

Again. Jesus Mid.

things ourht VI in have don

LENTEN MEDITATION

if there are many passages in the Old Testament that serve as warnings to the present day. there are also not I few that offer much-needed encouragement. One such is the story of how Jeremiah. under arrest as a fifth columunist during the siege of Jerusalem by the Babylonians. purchased from n kinsman a plot of land in occupied territory. He made no attempt to secure it .It I bargain price, but paid the full market value for it. and had the transaction attested with full legal form so that what had been bought might one day be claimed. By this not he made it plain that, while be surrendered hope for the immediate future, he was confident that the impending dis- aster would not be final, that the life of the nation in town and country would be renewed. There are times when men find themselves driven. like the prophet, to admit that the immediate pros- pect is dark indeed. Attempts to bring together the divided na- tions are made again and again, but always without success; the

and not to have left the other undone?"

in our ' - talk, we might have said, "Put first things first, and second things second," or "Don't put the cart before the horse."

Ii. is clear that both "the lamp of the law" and "the oil of charity." were essential for en- trance to the kingdom of heaven, and neither was of any use with- out the other - the oil was use- less without the lamp, and the lamp useless without the all, what then? - It seems one was "more" important than the other. which? "These things ought ye to have done and not to have '1efi the other undone." -? "The oil of kindness should have had first attention. and the lamp of the law second. - Very import- ant. but "second." more clearly. and simply: "Charity begins at home". Attend to the needy ones about you first; look to the ful- filment of the law secondly - but "look to it." for it is the lamp that lights the way and carries the oil of kindness.

Jesus condemned the Phara- sees you recall, for neglecting "the oil of kindness." "They love to walk in lung robes - to be seen of men. they devour widow's houses. and cast heavy burdens on others to be born, but they touch not one of them with their fingers."

Briefly, and figuratively. they carried religiously. the lamp of the law void of the oil of kindness. and so stumbled on in darkness. because the lamp of the law could not light their way without the oil of love and char- ity towards those about them.

Jesus saw these errors and came to "fulfill" the laws of God as they "should" have been ful- filled.

Did Jesus tithe? I've never read of it - Perhaps I missed that, If He didn't why not? What did He give? - Jesus gave "him- self" during hh ministry. After He began his ministry He left his carpenter-'I bench - He had aothing. "materialistic." to

ve.

Was it Peter or Paul who said. "silver or gold have 1 none, but of such II I have I give thee. In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, rise up Ind walk?" -A case of healing by the dis- ciples. should ministers be paid? Jesus said "The war is worthy of his hire." At Inme time and in the same II- stance. he told the disciples to take no money. neither pin-no nor scrip. when they went to preach. it the people did not re- ceive them. consider them worthy of hire - to deport. etc. That is to soy. ministers are Reed me

not-taut but of secondary import- rn-e. Giving to the needy about "v ctmes first. fill of iir new

. Lvut very

first. lamp of the law se:-rvnd. imam:-ni. 1 Im. Sir. etc. DANDELION

Encouragement Oi Jeremiah The Times, London "

gulf between east Ind west seems too great ever to be bridged. Faith in God should make it possible to accept this, albeit wtih regret, while refusing to reckon all as lost. The future is in the hands of God and holds possibilities be- yond those that can be seen in the present. Hope commits its cause to him, confident that the .f0I'CE8 at his disposal. though for the time being discomfiied. will in the end prevail. He who has this hope does not. to be sure. expect that'such a victory will come about of itself; he knows that his own fidelity is one of the means God employs to ensure that the distant future shall bring what the immediate future denies. His hope is quite other than wish- ful -” " , because it commits him to action in the present. It is possible that such I hope will be vindicated in this world and within the limits of history. Transformations have taken place after long waiting, and others might have been forthcoming had men only had the patience to wait for them. Perhaps the most t”'t oftheklndisln the history of the people from whom Jeremiah sprang. Two -' d years ' d L A the extinction of Jewish liberties by Roman arms and the revival of Israel as I nation on the soil of Palestine. Nor would that have been possible but for the indomit- able hope that i J this peo- ple through persecution and calam- ity and exile. The distant future did in the and yield them that 21' which they looked and pray-

But it has not always been so. There was once I nourishing Christian Church in North Africa; it withered and died at the ad- vance of Islam. Ind there is no prospect of revival. Nor is the triumph of the nation Ifter cen- turies any consolation for those who perished in the interval. Therefore hope must be prepared

Medically Spe a king ltsnnnn N. Buadesen. M.D. THE WAY TO REMOVE A SPECK ' FROM EYE

when you get something in your eye. you'd better get it out right away. A speck of dirt or other material is-more than irritating. It's downright danger-nu...

Neglect of dirt in the eye. in fact, is the most common cause for loss of vision and even loss of an eye. That bit of dust may rub on the cornea or front part of

.your eye, causing loss of tissue.

This may quickly be followed by an infection and formation of I

When an ulcer such as this heals, scars form in its place. These scars shut out the light. -when a piece of dirt flies into your eye, nature automatically tries to wash it out with tears. You can help this natural func- tion.

What to Do

Keep your eyelid closed tightly; don't touch it for a few moments. This will help tears accumulate. When you open your eye. the tears may wash out the bit of dirt or other material.

If this fails. wash your hands thoroughly and pull your upper lid over the lower lid two or three times. This may brush out the dirt. Or perhaps the tears will wash it to the inside corner where it can easily be removed.

. corneal ulcer.

But this might not work, either. Then you'll need the help of a friend.

Sit on I chair in I good light. Have your friend stand directly behind you. -While you look down. he should draw your upper lid down and out. Then he should roll it gently back over a match placed on the middle line of the