y .

PAGE FOUR

ma GUARDIAN. I cnsiaixiwarowngp A

i

THE" GUARC-DIAN

Clugunlltooiofflco

Authorlud II Second Dopartmon

t. Ottawa The Island Guardian Publishing 00. 0llCUI.ATl0N Total City Zone lib. Retail Trading Zone unis All other .............-.. 168 Total Net Paid -.......... .... uwvu ........... I331!

Editor and Managing Director, J. K Burnett Associate Editor, Frank Walker

"The Strongest Memory I5 Weaker Than the Woakosf Ink."

CBARLOTTETOWN THURSDAY, SEPT. 14. 1950

100 Years of Responsible Government

Brigadier W. W. Reid, our enthusiastic director of the Travel Bureau, has point- ed out the desirability of celebiating an anniversary from the point of view of tour-

'ist promotion. What should and must be

celebrated isthe centennial of the intro- duction of Responsible Government in this Province, then a Colony, in 1851.

After long agitation, Governor Banner- man was appointed in that year with in- structions to select a Government from the majority party in the legislature.

"In those movements", says Campbell's History of Prince Edward Island, "which were necessary to secure responsible gov- ernment, Mr. Coles was the leading spirit: His opponents were men of position, of talent, and of education, who had been un- til then all-powerful in the colony. He had to contend with strong prejudices, which were even more difficult to overcome than his political adversaries; and he was under the necessity of organizing a party out of materials by no means the most promis- mg."

Colesl services were thus the greater, and his memory deserves to be honoured by successors and beneficiaries.

our claims strongly Indorsad

The Canada-wide interest aroused by our protests through the Legislature, Boards of Trade and Press against the Do- minion Government's failure to shoulder its responsibility for continuous maintenance of our carferry service is indicated by the editorial comments republished in today's issue from the Calgary Herald. This wide- ly-read Western newspaper reviews the whole issue, and comes out strongly in support of our claims. Here is striking evidence of the force and effectiveness of our arguments, as judged by disinterested commentators who can see only a glaring injustice to this Province in the "hands off" attitude adopted at Ottawa towards our ferry service during the recent rail strike.

The Calgary Herald has done a fine job in publicising this issue throughout the West, and it remains for our representa- tives in this Province to see that full ad- vantage is taken of this publicity. They should follow the example set by the late Premier Mathieson and the Hon. A. E. Ar- senault when the question of our par- liamentary representation at Ottawa was at stake, and who personally and by cor- respondence persuaded the Provincial Leg- islatures and members of Parliament in the other Provinces of the justice of our claim for a minimum of four members in the House of Commons notwithstanding our decrease in population. They had no trouble with the Government of the diy after getting our case informally before the other Provinces in this manner. The pre- sent occasion affords a golden opportunity of following their example with similar

i SUCCESS.

itinerant Education

Most people readily admit that travel- ling is in itself a form of education. Com- munist East Germany, however, has car- ried this almost universal belief in the edu- cational benefits of travel to a new level. In a pamphlet entitled "Directives on Ideological Preparations for the Central Delegates' Conference". the East German railwaymen's union criticizes the political apathy of train conductors and other rail- way staff for their failure to direct con- versatlon among travellers.

The talk of passengers on East Ger- man trains, it seems, is not always the sort that is pleasing to communist ears. Rail- way employeesx are now to be made re- sponsible for putting this right. Ideological training centres are being set up at twenty- slx major railway stations to prepare un- ion members for their. new and responsible task.

so for Canadian railways have shown nostnillar concern for the political educa- tion of their passengers, despite the fact that the conversation on trains in this country, especially since -the recent eight dsysl interruption in rail services, has been

: anything but flattering either to the rail-

way unions out the Government.

- not that railway union leaders ' T agcmsnt in Canada recog- af frsedoni of speech and , ill. M9II'irdOrdoii,' 3'11 l.M."blI 199?" 0'

Tr.-

the rall dispute, will undoubtedly get a chuckle out of the antics of their unfor- tunate fellow-railwaymen in East Germany.

EDI IURIAL NUIES I

With 2,1-17ml acres of Sebagoes,reject- ed for seed, the Provincial Department of Agriculture's low opinion of this variety

seems confirmed.

If traffic.iights could be purchased on a self-liquidating basis like parking meters there would be hope of safety measures keeping pace with those of convenience. I I 0

Nova Scotia'-s publicity department seems to have been asleep at the svitcti. Two fishing draggers are towed helplessly by something in their nets and a sub- marine is credited with the prank. That should have been a sea-serpent to end all sea-serpents. 4

We again escaped this season's third fierce Atlantic hurricane, though our neighbours were not so fortunate. It was a rough and disastrous time for most ves- sels leaving or approaching the Nova Sco- tia coast; while further south, New Bed- ford fishing boats were wrecked and aban-' doned. I

Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, soldier and statesman. died this date 1852. Along with Blucher, the Prussian general, he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815. As a soldier his talents are best seen in his conduct of the Peninsular War. As a statesman he holds a high place for his moderation, his strong sense of duty, and his perfect integrity. 0

It must have caused the late Prime Minister Mackenzie King much sorrow and worry when he realized that in the event of war, his finely designed palatial new city of Ottawa would, according to Mayor Bourque, be among the first targets for an enemy to try out the new atomic bomb. Probably the whole of this Island Province would suffer a similar fate, for we are ideally situated for a disastrous attack from the air.

0 Hon. C. C. Baker, Provincial Minister of Agriculture, told the Canadian Federa- tion of.Agriculture at Fredericton, that the sorest need of this Province was out- side markets for our surpluses. We can export easily enough but not profitably at present prices. Maritime livestock men must be able to get western feeds at prices leaving a margin of profit, and it is neces- sary that means be found to obtain such feeds for storage before winter.

0 O O Dante Alighieri, Italian poet, died this date 1321. He is recognized as the great- est poet which Italy has produced, being supreme as a lyric writer. It is in his masterpiece, the "Divina Commedia” Dante chiefly lives, in which man's life after death is portrayed, the poet describing his vis- ions of hell, purgatory, and the heavens, under the guidance first of Virgil, and then of Beatrice, his childhood sweetheart. There are several translations by Cary, Longfel-

low and Plumptre, etc. 0 0

Australia is about to celebrate its ju- bilee as a united dominion or state. It took fourteen years of conferences, planning, disputes and referenda to bring about the political union, of the six self-governing states of the sparsely populated con- tinent. After repeated experiments, a federal government modelled mainly on American and British lines, with innova- tions adapted to the new young Common- wealth was chosen. The British Parlia- ment approved the constitution of the new Commonwealth, with its administrative and commercial independence, and, on 17 Sep- tember, 1900, Queen Victoria issued a pro- clamation announcing that, from 1 Jan- uary, "the peoples of the six states, New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland. South Australia, West Australia and Tasmania, were to be united in a single community under the name of the Commonwealth of

Australia.

There is little inducement for the gen- eral practitioner to do good work under Britain's National Health Services Act, comments Dr. William Magner of Toronto in an article--"National Health Services in Great Britain"-in the current issue of Health, Canada's National Health Maga- zine published by the Health League of ,Canada. Dr. Magner comments that the genera? practitioners of Britain are, with few exceptions, unhappy men, and they peo- ple of Brita'n are being cheated of the good medical care to which they are en- titled. He says, however, that some good has come out of the Act. Hospitals-have been integrated and duplication of services and waste staff and equipment thus elimin- ated, and the gengral standard of medical work in the mailer hospitals may have been improved. Also, under the service,

no one in Britain is deprived of medical care because of inability to pay. '

Flight Of The Iolllflll

-lloui bcautifoig it soars ,1

-.-.-..-.-. -:3:-3.7:-.7.-7..:.-.-.-5-5-.5.-.-l.-. P U B I. I C F0 R U M

This column is open to the discussion by correspondent! of questions of Interest. The Guardian docsnot. necuutv ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

';3EhNVh APPRECIATION

Sir, - My wife and I have just. returned from a most pleasurable stay on Prince Edward Island where we enjoyed its unusual nat- ural beauties as well as bhe hos- plta-.lt.y and friendliness of its peo- ple. Althcugh our thanks have been conveyed personally to many of those who were so cooperative, we -would like to repeat those bhanks publicly in order to make them more inclusive. We are therefore addressing this letter to you with the request that the let- ter, or the essence of it, be pub- lished in your columns. We would like to have the name of Mr. Sher- ien of the Customs Office express- ly mentioned as one who went out of his way to help make our vaca- tion a success, as well as anem- ployec of the Charlottetown Post Office whose name we unfortun- ateiy do not know. We do not wish to conceal from you that your neighbors, the Nova Scotians, acted in the same court- eous fashion as ycui-selves. I am, sir, etc., MR. (6; MRS.) OTTO I-I. El-IRLICI-l Assistant Professor of Economics at New York University. East orange, N.J. Sept. 9, I950.

BALTIC NATIONAL VETERANS

Sir,-Thirty three years of fight against Communism are passing before my eyes as I read in your paper the words of Hon. L, B. Pear- son, Minister of External Affairs in the Commons: "Soviet attacks will be made wherever and when- ever the members of the Politburo think the circumstances are fav- ourable for the achie. A of the'r violent purposes."

e Baltic Nations - Estonlans. Latvians and Lithuanians - have stood for thirty years with wea- pons in their hands against the aggression of Moscow who at pre- sent still is an ally of the West.

Englishmen were those, who af- ter the October Revolution in 1917 still were defending the last re- malms of Russian democracy in northern Russia. near A1-changelsk. The Prime Minister of Russia was then Alexander Kerenski. who at present lives in the U. S. A. Eston- ian. officers and soldiers escaped through the Red lines and fought together witfi.the British Army. A few years later. when the fight- ing took place on Baltic territory and the troops of Moscow were only 35 miles from the capital of the Estonian Republic. the British Navy was there to help defend democracy on the shores of the Baltic Sea. General John Laidoner. the chief of the Estonian Army, earned the highest British decor- ations in these battles. Viscount Alexander of Tunis. who at pres- ent is tihe representative of His Majesty in Canada, had the possib- ility as is British colonel to see this there at that time. ,

Ten years ago. General Laldoner was deported together with his wife to forced labour in Siberia. During one single night (the night of June 14th) in 1941. 59.168 peo- ple were deported from the Baltic (states; nothing is known of their ate.

The Minister of External Affairs of Russia, Mr, Vlshlnsky, was per- sonally there to direct from the Latvian capital the Communist putsch. Now, on Aug. 31, Mr. Wat- ron Austin. in , chlng Moscow for the dcportotlons and forced la- bour for mllllcns, ciilled the Rus- sian representative Jakob Mall: in the UN Sacurlt Council I "circus barker" who " c more he talked; the less he was believed." But Mr Vlshlnsky as president of the Russian delogntl . often sits with Ml'.' Warren Austin at the same table in the UN Security Council.

when Finland was desperately fighting Istlmt the attack of Ru!)- sia, rnstmlsn officers and students crossed In hundreds the frozen Finnish Gulf to fight together with bheln. Tiicy were not strong on-. otllh. Finland, without any help from the great. Wostsni Power- snd left alone, had to surrender. The wheel of history had mats ll tiximmsgd Moog:-zv IIOOIIIIO an ally C ii on an llhlngtom.

p in nu muntlmo sold- soll of Estonia. um: and Lith-

said huts 1

- lstaitsii Iisfromriiiisimnu

to change their uniforms. in arms In hands defend thou; nom-

3.-5 Old Charlottetown (And I'. I. L;

GABBISON DESEBTIQNS

From the journals of the House of Assembly, Saturday, March 20, I852:

"The committee to whom were referred the despirtches and other douiments having i-eference.to the desertion of Troops from, the Gar- rison st Charlottetown, beg to re- port as follows:

"They have examined Colonel Lane as to the number of desert- ers during the last. five years. Colonel Lane has answered the queries put to him by the com- mittee, which are as follows:

"Q.-How ma-ny desertions were there 'from the Garrison at Char- lottetown during the years .1847, 1848. 1849, 1850 and 1851? A. - Can only answer as to the two last years mentioned. Fourteen of the 97th deserted. in 1850; and eight of the 38th .in 1851.

"Q.-How many desei-tei-s were re-taken by the Troops. or by the inhabitants and civil power, dur- ing the years above mentioned?. A.-Seven desertei-s were re-taken since 1849, by the Troops. on in- formation of the inhabitants; and one during the last Summer. by a Constable named I-Ieartz.

"Q.-State any circumstances which may come within your knowledge respecting desertlons from the 38th Regiment, and the time at which such desertions usually take place? A.-Cannot tell iespecbing-the 38tih '3 tment. but desertions generally take place immediately previous to the re- moval of the Troops.

"Q.--How many men deserted from the 42nd? A.-One.

"Q.-Can you suggest any means of preventing the desertion of Troops? A.-The great cause of the escape of desetters is owing to the limited number of officers. non-commissioned officers and privates: parties cannot be spar- ed to send after them. I would

land.,'x'housaiids died through bul- lets from Moscow in farmynrds, forests and mountains of Estonia. Together with the retreating Ger- man Army those who still were alive came to Gcmisnyvwlth their families. There they are at pres- ent; men, who since boyhood have fought. against Communism, await- ing the end of their fate.

All this happens at a time when

the Wesbem World realizes that Russian aggression can only be stopped with arms; when the Min-

ister, of External Affairs of Con- nda. has called in the Commons for reoi-moment. of Western Ger-

many. The Canadian Parliament,

too. has decided to increase the

expenditures for defence for 3140.- O00.000 in this year; and the Brig-

ade, nearly 8,000 men, will be ready

to fight. against Communism out- side of Canadian territory, And as

irony of fate, these men from the

Baltic states. who for more thdn 30 years have stood fighting against

Communism, are sitting ln'c-.v in

Central Europe. not knowing what. their future will be. The doors of Canada and the U. S. A. are closed fougiit. against Moscow at I time when and Rocsevclt, di-Ink together to the Peace of the

for them, because they Stalin, Churchill

World at Yalta. x

A. wanna President of the astonlun Federation of Canada

Toronto, Sept. 11.

in; ui-ious Injury or death.

IIICQ.

A PINCH OF SALT

When ii dream is born in you

with it sudden clamoxous pain when you know the dream is true And lovely. with no flaw nor stain. 0 then, be careful, or with sudden

u h, You'll hurt the delicate thing you price so much.

Dreams are like I bird that mocki-

Flii-tun the feathers of his tail.

When you seize at the salt box.

over the hedge you'll see him sail

Old birds are neither caught with salt nor chaff:

They watch you from the apple bough and laugh.

Poet! never chose the dream. Laugh yourself. and turn away. Mask your hunger: let it soon- Small matter If he come or stay: But when he nestles in your nand at last, close up your fingers tight and hold him fut.

-Robert Graves

r... Age-old Story

Behold I create new heavens, and 3 new earth; and the form- er shall not be remembered not come Into mind. l

recommend. as the most effectual means for the apprehension of de- serters, that a description of each should be published in the Gazette. hand-bills struck off and posted up without delay, and that any person afterwards harbouring such deserters should be fined Five Pounds. to be recovered by summary procem, and paid to the informer.

"The fine now imposed is 220, which Colonel Lane thinks too h.igh,,as people are unwilling to subject their neighbours to so heavy a penalty.

"Colonel Lane further remarks. that many of the soldiers got mar- ried, and desert, because their wives are not allowed to accom- pany the-m,-wiien the Regiment leaves. I -

"Q.-Have you ever experienced any unwillingness on the port of the inhabitants to aid in the ap- prehension of deserters? A. - Never.

"Your committee would further remark. that every encourage- ment is given to the inhabitants of the Island to apprehend dc- sei-ters from Her Majesty's forces. both sea and land. vlde 50 Geo. 8, cap 8, sec. 3 of an Act to prevent the harbouring of dcserlers. &c.

"Under all one circumstances. your committee have not been able to discover that the inhabit- ants have been in the habit of harbouring desertexs to obtain cheap labour. On the contrary. every exertion appears to have been made by the inhabitants to pre- vent desei-tlon: they do not value the labour of soldiers who. in scarcely a single instance. under- stand the labour in a new coun- try; nor do they usually remain in this Island. but make their way to the United States. where they can - owing to the number

MOST Evan iii

the newspapers report that Fire has destroyed I Home or lull- nou premises. a cor victim sue: for 310,003. or more. Bllrjlllll Inllu 85.000 haul, a travel or other accident has happened cauc- Adcqusfo Insurance protection against serious lane: from such hazards.

We have excellent facilities for affecting all classes of unsun- Consult our Agents or write '

nvuonn, 3 co. ima-

oniom omuinsinn .. 3913-nous": ,

of American vessels always on the coast of the Island - make their wsy with little or no trouble."

II" the only

)

W I -sEP'rEMB,ER': 14. 1950

(Editorial page article. Sept. 8)

stuzpe, to consider the

legislators are uoembll They are very

I13.

pens age

not transport bulk For the tnnspoi-t.ai.ion commodities. Prince Edward Island is completely dependent on ferry services.

There are lawn of these: the one

runs from Caribou. N. S.. to Woods Island. P. E. l. The former isgown- ed by the Dominion government, and operated by the Canadian Na- tional Railwnys: the latter. North- umberls-nad Ferris, is privately owned and operated. The former is s ' to ferry service, carry- ing railway cars. trucks. and auto- mobiles. The latter has only limited accommodation for trucks and automobiles. and cannot carry rail- way cars at all. 0 O

The Dominion government ferry, it may be seen, is the one on which Prince Edward Island depends. But it is operated by the C.N.R.. and thus. in effect. is part of the railway. So when the nilwsymcn went out on strike. the two big government-owned ferries. "Abu- weii." and "Prince Edward Island," stopped running. Only the two small privately-owned ones. at the eastern end of the Island, contin- ued to function: and these. even under normal circumstances, can- not handle the traffic that comes to them.

That was how things stood on August 22: "the Island was virtually cut. off from its mainland markets and mainland sources of supply. Appeals had been made, by busin- essmen and by the provincial gov- ernment, for the Dominion govern- ment to take over its own ferries and operate them during the strike. but the Minister of Trans- port. Hon. Lionel Chevrier. had re- jected them on the grounds that nich action "would leave the Gov- emment open to charge that it was inteu-fearing with the legitimate right to strike."

On August 23, Premier Walter Jones appointed a seven-man board to make I survey of commodity stockpiles. to determine which im- ports and exports were most nec- essary, and establish a system of priorities. On August 24. the line- up of cars and trucks waiting'to get on the privately-owned ferries at Wood Island reached ii mile in length: after the last one left for tfie mainland at 7 p. m., there were still 90 cars and 10 trucks at tliie pier. 'Ilhe president of Northumb- ex-land Ferries subsequently ap- pealed for and got a provincial gov- eminent controller. to regulate the traffic. . -

O O 0

On August 38, '1 special session of the Legislative Assembly was called. to take place on September 7, and to discuss questions arising out of the railway strike. This got quick results. The following day, Frank Hall. the strike leader. an- nounced that the unions would ber- mlt. the unrestricted use of one ferry between Tormenllne and Bor- den. and would provide enough members to operate it. That even- lnl. "August 29. the "Abegweit" left Borden. and handled cars and tnicks for the remaining two days of the strike.

Moot Cuudlsm know llnt'Pnr- llsimnt in moetinl in Ottawa. but fsw of them know that Prince Ed- ward Island's Legislative Assembly is meeting at Gui-lottetown. Pul- lament assembled. in the first in- . railway strike. and that is why the P. 11.1. too. much annoyed It the effect. the railway strike had on ifiie Island. and they want to make sure that nothing like it hop-

in. Why did the railway strike have a particular effect on Prince Ed- ward Island? Because it is an is- land, that is why: because it is sep- atsd from Canada's mainland by nine miles of water. Ti-ucksgand buses can do a great deal. as we found out during the sbilkg, but there is one thing they cannot do. they oan-not swim. Airplanes can do I great deal. too. bun. they lean- commodities. of such

its

that runs from Tormentlne, N. 3.. to Borden, P. E. 1.. and the one that

Island Ca-rfeifryi Grievances

nnuiiucak-Iynmu

What iii? unuuuve oembly was thing for me; will demand that the two big , i-ies which are owned by the ., mlnlon (OVEJIIJHQII-9. be also opera ed by in Dominion govemmen no not. It at present, by the c. N.R. Prince Edward Island . been calling on Ottawa to do in for years: now. it feels, it nu , unanswetwble It eat. It W1 also remind Otis ii. as it did 17 fore and during the strike, that 1: II. I. entered Confederation on Q, auui-once that it would have c tlnuous ship connection with in mainland. and that this ass-uranc is written into the British No; . America Act. What else? That remains to .

seen: the psckinghouse strike, tw years ago. led the Provincial Gov ernment to impose drastic i-estrlc tlons on the Island's trade llnio . The restrictions were much... severe: nevertheleu, they rene ed the feelings of the people, M, are pudcmlnantly engaged in pp duclng and marketing food. P.E. disliked the big, unions then, an it dislikes them even more now Even if the legislators do nothin ,to them. this time. the dislike wil remain. We see by the Pai-liamen ary Guide that Prince Ed.wa.rd . land has never elected a C.C.F. member: it seems fairly safe 1, predict that it .neve-r.will.

(Leading editorial, Sept. 11)

Prince Edward Island's Legislg ive Assembly met in special sessio for three hours last week, and de cided to seek recompense from on Dominion Government for loses caused to Island residents by the recent railway 5.-trike. Those losses were real and considerable, for the suspension of ferry Setvicg between Tormentine. N. B.. and Borden, P.E.I.. virtually cut on the Island from its markets and sources of supply.

The suspension of ferry service was not merely I hardstliip to P,. E.I.: it was a breach of the solemn obligations assumed by the Domin. ion government when that Prov. lnce (-then a colony) entered Con. federation. and subsequently incor- porated, into the British North Am- erica Act. Prince Edward Island re-

Canada in 1867. but relented in 1873. on the understanding. among other things. that the Dominion government would provide and pay

for:

"Efficient steam service for the conveyance of mails and passes. gears. to be established and main- tained between the Island and the mainland of the Dominion, winter and summer, thus placing the is land in continuous communlcatlo with the Lntercolonial Railway an the railway system of'the Domin- ion."

0 O O

The Islanders have always stress- ed -the word "continuous". During the last 3 years. when the Gov- ernment ferries were operated by the Canadian National Railways, they wondered what would happen in the event of a srailway pirilfe. Last month. they found our. the ferries stopped running. Pickd lines stood guard over them to make sure that they didn't run.

Under the order-in-council of 1925. vesting the operation of the service in the C.N.R.. the Domin- ion Govemmeni reserved to itself the right to terminate or vaixv 911 arrangement, so that it would be in a position, at any time, to take the ferries back from the railway: and operate them itself. But wh on August 22, 1950. the time cam in do that very thing; when this was the only way to maintain its pledges to Prince Edward Isl - under the Brltddi North Amerlwl Act. Ottawa, had not the courage to act.

One of the speakers during P. E. I.'s special session was DouSa' MacKinnon, Liberal Asseniblynja for Fourth Queen's. Denouncml like other members. the HOV?” ment's failure to take our and operate the' ferries during the strike. he said: "I am told the were afraid that would make irou le with the railway unions. Well. i a small body of men can fruslrsl the government of this country an prevent them from f-ulfillins 3 NC they are .in honour bound lo rccoz nlze, then we have not got res?” slble government."

.JROFESSl0NAl. CARDS

Frederic A. Large. I(.C. BAIIIISTER. SOLICITOB. , NOTAZY non! Bank of Canada Chambers Chlriotfef-0

INK ilolll Bind PIIONI I1.

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onion. 4. nun o. I. . ononnraisr .

Boll & Mathieson

BABBISTEBB. SOLICITORS. 3 lI.Il. BELL. M. L. A. G o.i. MATI-IIESON L. L. B.. K. Aftorndyv at Law LOAN! on our AND FARM PROPERTIES 150 Richmond St. Charlottetown. REJ-

.l. A. carrotiors ll- 0- Optometrist

Complete Visual Analysis K gnd Refraction - 123 Kent S!-

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