f @112 firturdiuul

Edward Island Lllrc The Dev ‘ Publuho'

'Iunon Lawn Frank Walkor incentive Editor Editor

Published ovcry week day morning (one I Son-

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fiofihflwununsusv, position a, Educational Demands “Educatim1—-Moasure of a Na-

tion" is the appropriate theme for

i the Education Week program now i;

I progress; and it is to be hoped that

the discussions on the subject will stimulate prlblic interest to the point where it will ho. maintained through- out the year. as well as during the week’s activities. Special emphasis, we note. is being placed on high School oduczltion, both academic and vocational. There is also being cir- culated, by the P.E.I. Conference on Education, an informative pamphlet on the opportunities in the teaching profession, where the demands to- day are higher than ever before— and the real rewards, too, in the sat- isfaction that comes from doing a job that. can have such an impact on the things that matter most. to a community.

Take. mathematics alone. which is indicative of the challenge that. today's educational requirements present. The subject is treated in a recent. issue of the Christian Science Monitor, which notes that, not so long ago, college mathematics cour- scs were taken by future teachers, physicists and engineers with almost everyone else avoiding the subject like poison. The courses themsel- ves were hallowed by tradition—— college algebra. analytic geometry, calculus; and for really advanced students, more calculus. Today, all that is worthwhie in college algebra. trigonometry and solid geometry are being built inIo the new high school curricula.

As new sciences become more theoretical, they make significant use of mathematics. Even business schools are beginning to realize that this is a powerful tool for making decisions, and are requiring some- thing more potent than the old “mathematics of finance.” But per- haps the greatest. new demands come. from the 'computing industry. To keep a high speed computing ma.- chino busy takes a staff of two or three dozen mathematically train-

? ed specialists; and with hundreds of

new machines manufactured each year, the number of “programers” is increasing by the thousands.

High schools are only beginning

, to adjust themselves to this trend,

f but at all levels there is an intensifi-

‘ cation of efforts to meet the de—

; mands of today and tomorrow. Right

back to junior curricula, where in- efficiency is being weeded out. There is now a massive effort under way to remove academic retardation in reading and arithmetic, which is probably responsible for more “drop- outs" in later years than anything else.

Before Columbus

A .notod Norweigian explorer, Helge Ingstad, claims to have dis- covered positive evidence of 3 Vi- king settlement in Newfoundland doting 500 years before the landinl of Columbus in America. Reporting his find at a press conference in the Norwegian Embassy It London, he Itatod that the settlement at Lulu ' aux Meadows on Newfoundlnmd’c north com yielded remains of I primitive forge. largo nails, and a

i fragment of bronze.

: That could mean much, of course. i or nothing. But radiological checks i Mod the settlement at about 1000 3 A.D., and Mr. Ingstad believes this “ wild ho tho "wineland" mentioned ~‘ II We sagas telling of the

‘ em a! List Erikson, Viking

' a h {rich country southwest of

" about that time. , ‘

" heretofore luv. bun

‘S

oiiicc, l030 W0! ’

inclined. from the descriptions given in the saga history, to place the site of Erikson's landing much far- ther. south, on the New England or Virginia-coast. “Wineland” implies a warmer climate than the New- foundland coast affords. But it is claimed that. this as a mistransla- tion of the syllable “wine'” which

might mean grass. not wine, in the

context.

In any case. the excavations at. Lance aux Meadows revealed traces of an ancient settlement on a sand terrace, with evidences of habita- tion that included the remains of a large hall about 48 feet long with ashes of a. long fire in the centre. 12 radiological carbon dates, taken from the site, were all groupings around the year 1000 .-\.D.

Here is something. now. for Premier Smallwood to take hold of in his unflagging efforts to keep Newfoundland in the forefront. The willeland of the ancient, Vikings, no less, antedating by half a millen- nium the civilization that Columbus brought ill his wake! Shouldn't there be some recognition at Ottawa for an historic priority of this kind? Some way of including it in the province's subsidy claims, for exam- ple? The Pl'cnlicr hasn't said any- thing ,vct; but with a federal elec- tion campaign under wav. we may depend he's working on the idea.

Meanwhile the Canadian Gov- ernment is playing it safe. It: hasn't expressed any opinion, one way or the other, on the lngstad discov- ery; but it has arranged for the preservation of the site at Lance aux Meadows as an historic site and is erecting wooden buildings around the remains to protect them for the future. It’s not taking any chances on Mr. Smallwood denounc- ing it for negligonce ill the mattcrl

Still Pretty Hazy

Prime Minister Iliet‘enbakcr has endeavored to givc a clearcut picture of the nuclear weapons issue. (‘ana- dians are eager to have their coun- try do her fllll part in defense of the free world, and he maintains that this is also the Gm’crnment's aim, while maintaining its own right to make decisions. He is hopeful of renewing talks with Washington on this subject. He hasn't yet stated specifically, however, the terms on which Washington is insisting. and those which Canada has pro- posed.

Ill its statement of January 30 the U.S. State Department said that in negotiations on nuclear weapons "the Canadian Government has not as yet proposed any arrangement sufficiently practical to contribute effectively to North American de- fense.” This, as the Ottawa Journal points out, is the judgment of Wash- ington, not, Ottawa. It expresses the hope that. the Canadian Govern- ment itself will say what has pre- vented the negotiations from being completed.

Since this issue has been dragged into the election campaign, the soon- er it is disposed of the better. Then we can get down to issues of more domestic concern, without the dis- traction of further caustic illtcr- jeotions from the sidelines.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Studies of Mars through a tele- scope and sensing equipment, lifted by balloun to 77,000 feet, have con- firmed the presence of water vapor and carbon dioxide on the planet. But for those who interested, U.S. scientists say that life on Mars would be “marginal at best.”

II C

The Globe and Mail notes, with- out comment. that on page four of its issue of the previous day, Dr. Claude Bissell was reported as an- nouncing that the minimun salary for professors at the University of Toronto is being raised from $10,- 000 to $13,000. On page 24 of the some issue it was reported that the New York Yankees are raising Mr. Mickey Mantle’s salary by $15,000 to 3100.000.

It 0 #

Canada is not the only country that finds its defense problems in a state of flux. In Britain the other day, Defense Minister Peter Thor- ney'croft announced that the three armed forces ministries are to be downgraded to the status of hun- ch. of an 1ll~embrccing defence ministry in what has been describ- ed as the biggest shakeup in the country’s military history. The Ad- miralty and the War Office as they or. known now will disappear.

WHITE HOUSE CACTUS COLLECTION

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

Island Province Has Fine Voting Record

Wllo were the live electors of lirnprcssive 85 per cont votcd. lThe explanation is simple and

Gaspercaux, in Kings County at the eastern end of Prince Ed- ward Island, who alone in their

community failed to use their voto in last. June's elcctinn'.’ This is IIl(‘ sort of curious

quostlon stil'rcd up by browsing In the 1008 - page rcporl nrl ('an- nda's IWPnIy-T'lflll federal gonnrnl election. submitted by Nelson Caslongllay. the Chief Electoral

' Officer.

This hefty report lablllatos the number of rcgistcrcd clcctors on

the list for each of tho 27,370 nr- ,

ban and 22,467 rural polling sta- tions in Canada‘s 263 electoral districts. It lists the names-but not the political party affiliations of cvcry candidate in cach such district. And it totals the num- bcr of votes which wont to each candidate. as well as the num- ber of ballot papers which were rejected because they were not correctly marked (there were 82.522 such "wasted." all Canada). HAS FINE RECORD Thus we are able to sac that, as usual. the electors of our ls- land province acllinved the host record for fulfilling tllcir democratic privilch of voting for their parliamentary reprc~ scntativcs. 90 per cent of P.E.I. voters actually voicd. At the oth- er end of the scale, only 72 per cent of Newfoundlandch voted. Second placc of honour wont to Saskatcllcwancrs, of whom an

votes in

How come, I wonder, that in the l neighbouring province of Alberta ‘only 74 per cent voted, so that

those two adjoining prairie pro- lvinccs chalked up the second host and the second worst turn- outs at the polls on that sunny 'Junc day?

‘ In our most electorally con- srlous province, Kings had the best voting record - averaging 93 per cent of the entitled bal- loloers. The palm gocs to the rural community of Monticello. where more than 95 per cent. of the voters went to the poll. That

[may sound like a trans-Canada ‘

record, and so it seems to be ‘until one 'cxamincs what wcnt on in the Yukon—where men are evidently still men and the Re- turning Officers know it.

Look at Canyon Crook, for example. where there were 23 registered voters, yet in the best tradition of those TV Westerns. the ballot box was stuffed with 329 votes. Do dead men vote at Canyon Creek? 0r there strangers who can "telegraph" votes?

The same thing happened at Ross River and Jensen - more votcs than registered voters.

lleine Islands saw 91 per cent. So

honest: certain voters arrived

1ter, and were permitted to vote :aiter th e usual procedure of , Eidcntii‘ication and oath. This ob- '

at the polling station, found they I had been omitted from the regis— I l the other

. sion.

0 Deep Depression 0

Affects Welg hi 3: Dr. “I'll-Mm ll. Van Della

cornea in many guises. There is uodmbt of Its existence when the per- son act: sad or has frequent crying spells. But this motion- al state may be more inaldious leading to loss of Interest. en- ergy. and drive. I have seen many Individuals. usually men, who are convinced these manl- festrtions mean the beginning of the end.

They have enjoyed good health for years but become discouraged because they hire easily and can't work up any pep. Their problem is accentu- a n a physical examina- tion and laboratory tests do not lhow any abnormality. In the past we might have blamed nerve: or change of life. B ut the answer may be found by a few soul-searching que stionc. These people are more than a little unhappy; they are de- pressed.

Why? In some instances, the cause is obvious. such an I death in the family, business reverses. failure to be promot- ed. disappointment in one of the children. or enduring an in- compatible marriage. In others. the origin of the trouble lies so far in the past as to be forgot-

Orhcr elusive signs of depres- sion often are mistaken for something else. Insomnia and early morning waking are tra cad frequently to a deep- seated psychic problem. The unconscious mind is turbulent enough to delay sleep or awake the individual long before the body is rest .

0 depressive equivalents Include feelings of guilt and self-disapproval. ' these problems with a confi- dant or a qualified adviser often helps dissipate such usele s I

Weight dropplng and lack of uppitritrc also may be associ- ated with depression. These are common manifestations. cially when the attack is of re- cent orlgln. They frequently are associated with insomnia an loss of energy and interest. On hand, obesity ls blamed occasionally on depres- particularly when over-

ltains in all rural polls, but not I eating IS substituted for an in-

lin urban In. I The lowest attendance at that tpnlls was surprisingly not at iso- , llaled rural spots, where the vol- iers often had to travel long dis- tances to vote. No, it was our. . city - dwellers who couldn't. be J bothered to walk or be driven; ‘ the necessary few blocks. ‘ Toronto, Hamilton, Windsor and Niagara Falls all ran around 74 per cent turn — out; in contrast, Ontario‘s chircw County. circling Pembroke in the Ottawa Valley, achlcved the province's highest vote - 89 to 90 per cent. In Quebec. Montreal had a ‘low turn out, while tiny Made-

OII- ‘

ltoo, across the country, the cit- lies had smaller turn-outs than like villages. Edmonton, Calgary ‘and Vancouver had notably low I p o l 1 s; Assinibola, Klndersley, r Okanagan - Revelstoke and Mac- ileod had the highest polls in y t their provinces.

In the Colombo Plan, as ln ,oth e r international aid pro-

PUBLIC

FORUM

IRRITATING ARGUMENTS

Sir,—~I have boon rcadinn. with regret, the letters which ave been published in your paper concerning the govern- mcnt‘s plan to investigate the possibility of liquor outlets on the Island. Ono would think they had recommended that we move the Island to the North Pole! Perhaps the most amusing or regrettable aspect of this situa— tion is the logic bcing used by tho vociferous authors of those letters.

The most consistent argumcnt against. these outlets Is that it will endanger the morals ot' the young. There are a few obvious things being overlooked by those “guardians” of the “lost gonor- ation". First. that if anyone (not only the youngl desires al- coholic beverages there are a countless number of clubs available. Secondly. thcre are hundreds of bcotlcggcrs. moon- sllinol‘s, ctc.. all over the Island from whom one can purchase anything from vodka to shoe pol- lsh. Thirdly, that they can have a friend purchase alcohol for them at the retail liquor store. So. whether those outlets are opt-nod or not alcohol is avail-

able.

The next and the most import- ant point I would like to make in —the young generation is not the generation that needs p tcctlon. Walk town. How many of the drunks you stumble over are between I " Nonel!

1'0-

Thlll is why the most Irritating of arguments to "‘9' mind II — we must "protect" the young. Are the bootlmers young? Are the alcoholics young? Are the broken lomllte: caused by the young’ Are the drunk: on th :- Itrcel young?

My prayer II that the old 0 r generation will stop looking upon the "young" with that “holler

than thou" countenance. Before ,

you begin condemning our gen. oration. take a long. hard look at your own. Our generation Inn Its problems and to my mind the big"! problem we have is comb- " the thiekheaded, il- l at, prudlah. narrow-minded thnking of our elders. If these outlets had upon years no alcohol would not be the problem It Is today.

Some have pointed out the rlsc In juvenile delinquency In N.S. as a result of outlets. T h c r 9 were also more people born N.S. lut yol'l There were more

about Charlotte- t

roads pnvcd in N.S. last ycarl Did alcohol cause those things also? Juvonilc delinquency and ‘ alcohol are not synonymous.

In Europe. where outlets have been available for ccnturies. there are no drunks on th street tunloss an Islander hap- pens to be vlsitingl.

What Islanders need most in education in this area. Alcohol

. is not evil. Some people who do not know how to use it propeer might givc this imprcssion. But alcohol. as everything. is not evil in its use but in its abuse.

I am. Sir, ctc.. A STUDENT, Charlottetown.

TIME FOR STOCKTAKING

Sin—In the last election cam~ palgn more parties. ‘more political tunes and more fabrications, than most Cana- dians could swallow and digest IRcsult: confusion. In truth, the iaverage Canadian voter ’was so amazed and confounded by all thls show of sincerity and plans fraud that when he did ' the polls he was puzzled to know just'whlt the polltlclnnl .had up their sleeves. Certainly most Canadians by post-exper- rlence knew there was little It i :uythlng under most of their

I Come next April 3, and our Ipcople will be heading for the {battle at the ballots again. In to meantime, we shall be tbomblrded from every quarter lby the shot and shell -— the II- lbrlcatlons oi the leader: and i their dllclplu 0! various partie- ueklng office. We still lnve time to count our gains [and our loner, still .have time :to welfll the net results of the ‘last political uphelvd. with all its attendant Ihorlcominn and I frustrations. ‘ Iiecl quite sure that every Itrue Canadian wants I well-or- ganised. smooth-running ship of state. Thule who tnlro tho Illi- tude of "I couldn't care less" ought not to have a vote. With Ithe rtghtktnd of leadership this n and woulby

ouu ry should be one of the best place: on earth In which to live. I So, Mr. and Mn. Cltmn. lwhen you out your votes on April 0 be sure those votes Ire Iior men who will not sell the I people of their country down the lrlver tor a few pieces of lilver. I am, Slr., etc.. Mun

t The Colombo Plan

I Ottawa Journal I

8 land pieces going." Yet he has

lgrams. Canadians have to keep i reminding themselves that the

lpurpose of aid is not to evoke ,

gratitude but to build I more . stable wor

We have not even been able l ‘to in s i st upon et‘iiency lspending the money provided.t Mr. Nik Cavcll. who was in charge of Colombo Plan an other aid programs for Canada for years, said that because of llack of proper planning and co- ]ordinabion “we have only bits

—~ 5

lknown the pride Canada feels in ‘ projects he has supported such as the Warmak Dam in Pakis- = tan which irrigahes thousands lot acres and produces power. In aid planning we do this host we can and seek earnestly Jor good results. One point Is ,certain and It Is that assistance lgiven underdeveloped countries by fits and starts will ach- tleve nothing. Programs started lby Canada alone, or in associa- llion with others. may require money to be spent on them ov- er a period of years and a pause would be disastrous.

Hopes disappointed because a program of aid has to be inter- rupted destroy goodwill. Cana- da and other: committed to In- ternational lid must continue to give even when it is difficult for them. The "austerity" pro- gram imposed last June be- cause of the decline in our re- serves Included I cut of 88,500.- 000 In t Co Plan alloca- tion for the your, reducing It to $41,500,000. Our condition has been lultlclently restored that there should be no doubt what- ever about returning our cou- trlbutlion to Monsoon In the coming fiscal year. .

When that he: been done. the cue-lion will Itlll rem-In whe- ther a Canadian contribution of

to

a a your backward countries can be con- sidered sufficient.

Panniers "Amer

ROME (Retinal—The Soviet a now am the next few months. Alexei Adzhubel, editor of the Soviet lovernment newc- papor 1mm. said In I lecture at Naples, the Communist new:- paper Unite reports. Adahubel gave no details but acid It would be I “In. launch." The editor and his wife are on a two-

:ly defense against colds.

I tolerable life situation of long

duration

DRYNESS AND COLDS

M.T. writes: I can't seem to keep up the humidity in our apartment and as a result. we are suffering constantly from colds during the winter. What can be done about this?

REPLY A high humidity is not the on- They

‘ are passed from one individual

to another, so avold the use of common drinking glasses. tow- els. and close contact with vic- tims.

SUFFOCATING COUGH G.B. writes: I'm 74 old and in good health for my age. Yet I get spells of suffoca- tion whenever I doctor says my heart is sound. He m9 cough medicine

v . but It hasn't. h elped. What i should I do now? REPLY

Return to your physlcian tor , Ia reexamination — or ge : other opinion.

STAPII INFECTIONS

ILH. writes: How are staph- ylococcal infections treated?

Mild types. such as and felons. are treated with warm moist dressings, ordinary antisoptics and cleanliness. The antibiotics are use in more severe infections.

SALT WATER GIMMICK

W.K. writes- I have heard that drinking ocean water that has been boiled and strained is beneficial in treating arthritis. In true?

REPLY No, not even it the fish a nd seaweeds are strained out.

TODAY’S HEALTH HINT—

thn travelling. take along the prescription for your gluc- es, so that broken lenl can be replaced

Our Yesterdo ’s

(From the Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO M 0 1

"c I

Ivan Sinclair of the stuff of the local branch of the Bank of Nova Scotia has been til-under- red Ml Tm. N.S. y to take up his new duties. R. Palmer of F n uplocel Mir. Sin- clair, D. B. Rambo”

to the branch and l

. . as also ferred to this branch.

Passenger traffic continual heavy on the Canadian Airways Char-loud

own - - Moncton Ian-vim. Irwin nah cred Dragons were called into Iervlce yesterday.

run YEARS Also March 0. 1958

Leading Sc. Mr- ulnan John Clifford MneLood. 3mm), Orwell Cove, P. E. I.