' b'.-:.s--.;:.-.,, ; ii

PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN 237.8 in August 1951; and 243.4 in August,

,gs,,s.ss.s.............-- - -. 1952- Actually, the net operating cost It)

Authorized as Second Cllsl Mall Post Office farmers was much higher than the index De rtinent. Ottawa. ' - - -

declines. The farm wage index, for example, rose from'388.1 in August, 1949, to 471.9 in August 1952. At the same time, the DBS figures of September, 29, last, show that hourly rated wages of workers in manufacturing industry during August, 1952, averaged 953.36 per week.

The farmer cannot possibly compete for help with industrial wages. He and his helpers have no fixed hours of work where- as, again according to DBS statistics, the average working week of hourly rated workers in manufacturing industries aver- aged 41.4 hours in September, 1952 against 41.7 in September, 1951.

The effect of these farm wage costs and mechanization of the larger farms is shown in the new census figures. In September, 1947, the agricultural labor force of Can- ada totalled 1,663,000 compared to non- agricultural workers totalling 3,658,000. By September, 1952, the agricultural labor force in Canada had fallen to only 926,000 while non-agricultural workers had increas- ed to 4,403,000.

Another striking fact revealed by the census is that though rural population in

l

President and Associate Editor. Ian A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "Covers Prince Edward Island like the dew"

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink".

Cl-I-A.lil.-CFITETOWN. MONDAY. i)i-:c.-2'2,”i'9a2-"

Tax Returns In Evidence

It has long been a principle of the In- come Tax law as well as in other matters in which the subject is required to reveal his affairs to the Government that the in- formation so disclosed will not be used for other purposes than the one for which it is given. This has been upset by a decision of, the British Columbia Court of Appeal ruling that Income Tax returns are admissible as evidence in criminal trials.

It is quite intolerable that such a sit- uation be permitted to continue. It is diffi-N Cult enough for the Government to get the information it requires for particular ob- iects when the public is aware that it will not be used for other purposes. If everyti time we fill in a tax return or answer at depammemal emluiry it is necessary to Canada increased by 7.7 per cent between Consldifr auwaiisi in wliliiidil) the ainsliwr 1941 and 1951, Canada”s actual farm pop- may 9 use t en ere W' 9 mum E55. uiation decreased b 320,000 or more than accurate information available to the Gov-I ten Pei, Cent, to 23:82-L732. This Steady eminent for its legitimate purp05C5- drift from the farm to better aidcity and

At the same time the subject will he manuiactuiing employment DES median. perpetually Placled :1” bth? positiioin of i,re'iization of increasingly larger farms may Vealing Persona an usmess m 01'ma1O"' et constitute one of the most difficult never knowing to what use it may be pi1t.li:;i.0blems the nation has to face,

If it can be used in a criminal case it may well 'be that it can be called for in suitsi with the Crown or even in civil actions. For! iggi H

the peace Of, lflmd of .the Ordinary fmelui Summerside is in an almost unique pos- in of forms it IS essential that they be fori ition amongst municipal govemmems in 3 Particular . purpose and that he know having a spare public building. If the ex- MW they will be "seq" If the law now perience of other governments is any indica- Permits private revelfmons to me C'oVem' tion there will soon be enough departments meni to be made public, then the law shouldi wanting additionai space to bring it fully be Changed into use.

Churchill's Tribute

In a fine "hands-across-the-sea" g Great Britain is building a chapel in St. . i ' Paul's Cathedral with stained-glass win- Vantage In hitting U90" Such 8 m8nUf8Ctl11'9 dows incorporating the insignia of the 4st as knitting the heads for lobster traps. Our states of the American Union. 15 addmonif fishermen will be glad to be able to turn to

a presentation will be made to the next-of-I an economical source of supply and pro- kin of United States service men who

Hjivedi vide a ready market for the product. and died in Britain's midst" in the war andl "Of. an Soldiersi Sanoisl and '?”'""e” Ofi mail Enerican youngsters are not going to United States 1" their wapume Comlado be enthused at the recommendation of a Ship with the British people", icommittee of the National Education As- The R0” of Hm” i" Std Paurs Cathedd sociation that children in upper element- 1-at bears the names of 28,000 citizens of thei My grades be restricted -to informal intmi United States who lost thelr.hYes dunnigniural sports competition, together with the W” whim based upon Bmam In his physical education for all voungsters. High. f0rew0r,d tqthis booklet rem.einbmmCe.Mr' ly competitive sport may. l)e injurious to Church!” has Spoke." of Brltlshfpfmencanihealth at an early age-12 and under- frlendshlll 3” W””'d5 of mm mmty' Heibut it. will be difficult to convince small Said: 0 7boys that it is not just about the most im- ”Our two countries, parted long ago by ponaiii thing in the woridi war, were brought together again by wari '- in a unity and understanding such as we I had never known. Through long years of; Appeals ill some contempt of court cases endeavour and endurance we shared alli will be permitted if a proposed amendment things. and though we lost so much wci to tlie Criminal Code is adopted. The idea found a lasting friendship. We shall not, is to provide for an appeal in case of con- forget those gallant American soldiers, Sail-iVlCll0ll of contempt committed outside the ors and airmen who fought with us, SOIlTDiCOul'll'OOlTl and an appeal ,only against sent- in our own ranks, countlessibthcrs fiom ence in the case .of contempls within is our shores. To those who did not lCLbillliC0ulilOOll1. Provision for appeal, while re- the best memorial is the fellowship of ourl, moving the arbitrary nature of the power, ' 1 b their valour they is likely to increase its use. A judge might

two countiics, whicl )7 i i i Heated and by their sacrifice they haveihcsitaite less to. cite a man for contempt Jknowing that his decision can be reviewed

and corrected if unjust.

..D..

EDITOIII-AiL NOTES

.4

O I O

Many tasks can be undertaken by the

blind and today they are entering industry,

esturc, business and the professions. In this Prov- ince, however, there is a very definite ad-

0 0 0

C O I

preserved."

Fortunate Island Farmers

' John Crome, usually known as Old Crome, founder of the Norwich School of Artists, was born this date 1768. From errand boy, he became apprenticed to a house painter but sketched in his leisure. Getting a post as drawing master he was able to give more time to his, painting. His drawing of trees, meadows, sky and clouds

This Province is indeed fortunate in the increase shown in the value of field crops from some twenty and one-third millioiil dollars in 1951 to an estimated. 3li30,.893'.- 000 this year. This record-breaking flgul”-I is all the more striking in view of the gen' eral decline in farm prices during the Pastl year, as Indicated by official figures;

The-Dominion Bureau of Statistics in- dex of prices paid farmers for their pro- ducts, based on 1935-39 average Prices 35 100, rose steadily throughout the war -and responded to inflationary factors in the post .war period -as follows: 19:15. 184.2; 1946, 200.8; 1947, 212.5: 1948. 232.6: 1949. 255.4; 1950, 260.8; 292.0. The peak was reached in July, 1951 when the index hit 308.2. Thereafter a rapid and continuous fall has taken place in lower advance pay- ments for grains, collapse of the livestock markets under the U. S. foot and mouth embargo and general declines in dairy pro-

ducts, poultry, eggs,'etc. By July. 1952. the -agricultural price index had dropped 44 2 u to 254,? 3nd in August to 259.7. coupled with this, sirnultsneously. the

farmer has iiiia toicopof with rill"! Price!

” i V in; buygifori production pur- DBS Index based on uumozf -

1949; 218.6 in August, 1950;

study of Dutch pictures he earned the title "English Hobbema". Only after his death were his pictures considered valuable. His son's style. showed a remarkable similarity

to his own.

0 O O

The Netherlands Government has put itself at the head of aprocession leading not only toward the unification of Europe but toward a transformation in the idea of national sovereignty, says the New York Times. The Parliament in The Hague is the first in the world to amend its Con- stitution to permit a cession of national power to-a supranational authority. This action was necessary to'the ratification of the treaty for the European Defense Cam- munity and for any similar steps that may be necessary to enable this little kingdom, as noted for its stubborn independence as for its h -headed sense of reality, to play its part In he construction of s new Europe.

Tl-IF CEARDIAN.

CHARLQT:1lE'llOWN

-. .......... .

Interpreting The News

I CAN TELL You WHAT

THIS MEANS

BLooMm' FORMS

9. Mo E,

C

one stxoestvfng P'G!5Q,' ;

A-

I

' 031,?-v

x

was very faithful to nature and by his close PP

TI-IE IVY GREEN

Whole ages have fled and their works decayed.

And nations have scattered been: But the stout old Ivy shall never fade,

From its hale and hearty green. The brave old plant, in its lonely days

Shall fatten upon the past;

For the stateliesl. building man can raise

Is the lvy's food at last.

Creeping on, where time has been, A rare old plant is the Ivy green.

-Charles Dickens.

I Books Received

TOMORROW Tl-IE HARVEST by Viola. Paradise (in Canada. Geo. J. McLeod. Ltd., 34.25. 316 pp.) Cape Elizabeth, Maine, is the setting of this novel of the years following the American Revolu- tion. A wealthy young woman and an indentured female servant fighting to keep her family to- gether thread their way through the exciting times of the begin- nings of a young country. Dorcas, the first is the focal point; of the story but Melissa is the hard- headed, soft:-hearted realist who makes things happen. I C C

SEVEN PILLARS OF FREEDOM by Dr. Watson Kirkoiinell (Toron- to, Burns and MaeEaehern, 188 pp :3). This is a revision of Dr. Kir- konnclls exposnl of the Communist

. Party in Canada and Russia which

was first published in l944. Since then the subversive aspects of Communism have been brought to light by a Royal Commission and the Courts. The record is now brought up to date nnd in seven chapters on religious faith, oo-op- eration, education. justice, discip- line, iral.erntty and loyalty the author shows us the face of Com- munism and describes the funda- mental principles by which the cdmce of Canadian and world lib- erty needs to be supported. . . .

THE FISH I-IAWK'S NEST by Stephen W. Mead-er (In Canada, George J. McLeod, Ltd., 236 pp., 53.35:. The New Jersey coast in 1820 as today abounds in a maze of tidal creeks and was a tempt- ing target for smugglers for two hundred years. This yarn of a farm boy who went. for a day's fishing and made a discovery which helped in the tracking down of the smugglers who were working the lonely coast has all the adven- ture a boy could ask. It also gives a memorable picture of Philadel- phia as it was more than a cen- tury ago.

I 0

THE CASE OF THE GRINNING GORILLA by Eric Stanley Gard- ner (George J. McLeod, Ltd., 211 .-). Reading Gardner is studying scientific criminology, trial proced- ure and criminal law as well as indulging in the escapism of the murder mystery. In this latest. episode in the career of Perry Mason 9. new discovery in the field of medical criminology is dramatized. .

I O 0

ONE 01" THE I"II"I'ElN MIL- LION by Nicholas Prychodko (J. M. Dent. as Sons (Canada) Ltd. 160 pp., paper). This little volume is the story of a gentle Ukranian

rofessor whose crime was that

is father had owned 26 acres of land. The tale is profoundly shocking but; perhaps it is well for the non-C mmunist. world to be shocked by reading than having to experience such horrors atiflrst hand.

I I Q

TAX-SAVING by Hugh 3. Sav- age (Kmnsland Publications. Mon- treal, 140 f7P-. Q3). Taxation is is very important subject to the Can- adian businessman and numerous boohonithavoxnadoanappoar axieo. Tiio present small volume does notspurpcrt to be of high authority. It" constantly recom-, mends reference of particular quel-

The structure of this nation 15, in considerable extent. still based on the system of private, or cap- italistic enterprise, so it is only fit- ting that spokesmen for industry should lead the way in perpetuat- ing and explaining the folklore sur- rounding the figure of Santa Claus. The church, at Christmastlrne, is properly concerned with the deep- er, more sacred aspects of the sea- son. Governments, in many places, seem increasingly obsessed with the idea. of draping the generous mantle of gift-giving Santa around their own shoulders. So it remains for private enterprise to carry the torch, and we are pleased to report that there is. evidence at hand to prove that it is living up to its re- sponsibilitles.

In the Christmas mail there ar- rived at least two communications relative to the history of Santa Claus and how he got. his name. One was it lengthy, carefully-pre- pared document from the National Association of Greeting Card Pub- lishers, tracing Santa back 1600 years. The other was a briefer epis- tie from a local bank reminding its patrons that the accepted roiy- poly, elf-like figure of Santa him its origin in the neighborhood when a gentleman named Clement Clarke Moore penned the classic poem, "A Visit From Saint Nicholas" 126 years ago. Dr. Moore, a church or- ganist, university professor, and father, wrote " Twas the night be- fore Christmas” while residing in Chelsea, an area which is now the tower west. side of Manhattan. just north of Greenwich Village.

We were glad to see unity of op- inion between the greeting card publishers and the bank concern- ing derivation of the term "Santa Claus." They agreed that It. came about as it result of Dutch child- ren in early New York. or New Am- sterdam. atteinpting to translate the Dutch "Saint Nlklaas" mm English. It became "Santa Nlkal- aus," and finally Santa Klaus or Claus, In the modern phonetic id- iom, it has sometimes degenerated into the pronunciation, "Sandy Claws," but fortunately this vulgar- ization has not reached the status of official typographical accept- nnce.

The greeting card publishers his- torian pointed out another fact. that, for some reason. was over- looked by the bank. It. was that saint Nicholas is the patron saint. of financial institutions, among lather things. Among those other things are thieves, as well as child- ren, scholars, maidens and sailors.

I O O

The greeting card history re- minds us that Saint Nicholas, fore- runner of Santa. has been reliably traced to the person of the Bishop of Myra, in Lycia, Asia Minor (mod- ern Turkey), famed for his piety seal, unsei-fishness, and finally, mir- acle working powers. He lived in the Fourth century A.D. During his lifetime he was the subject of considerable persecution at the hands M the Roman emperors when he denied their divine right to mis- treat. common citizens.

One of the more famous acts of Bishop Nicholas was his supplying of doweries for three maidens whose father was so poor he was about to sell them into slavery. On each of three successi... nights the Bishop tossed a bag of sold through a window of the impoverished home thus enabling the daughters to marry.

December 6. anniversary of the death of Saint lcholu. grew into a religious holday through the Middle Ages, and gradually became especially sacred to children. There arms the legend of the Saint ridlril through the numt on a white horse. bringing gifts for the mod chlldren and birch rods for ehsstlsemont of the naughty ones. In the New xoizlif. Dutch children transferred

Nicholas Day to Ohrlatnias.

the some and offers many prac- tical pointers for the conduct: df biuigiua In the light of tax'prob-

H0118 to specialised W0!!! 01' ex-

poru. It-does. however, survey

terns as walls: for darling with than after that arise. I

How Bishop Nicholas Became Santa Claus

placing their wooden sabota before the fireplace to be filled with gifts during the night. Children of other nationalities in the weatem melting pot, not possessing shoes but desir- irig remembrances nevertheless, did the next. best thing and hung up their stockings. That's how it all started. 3 O I

Washington Irving. early 19th century American author, is credit- ed with fii-.st.'plcturin8 staint Nich- olas as a plump, jolly gentleman, resembll g Father Knickerbocker in some r ts. Irving, no doubt cop- ing with the inquiring minds of practical tots, is also said to have invented the idea of flylng,rein- deer for Santa, in order to explain how it. was he could get around to all the houses in one night. Dr. Moore rationalized Niok even fur- ther In his poem by cutting him down to the size of a midget. I-its beloved phrases, "miniature sleigh, and eight tiny reindeer"; "little old driver so lively and quick"; "chub- by and plump-a right jolly old elf" created a picture that has en- tranced children and grown-ups for more than 5 century-and explain- ed how Santa could get down cer- tain chimneys not large enough to nccommocliate B. normal-sized per- son.

0 I O

Moore's Saint Nicholas was "dressed all in fur from his head to his foot." Fifty years later, a famous New York cartooiilst, Thom- as Nest, brought Santa back to normal size for the public, and In-

coat. Thus was created the modern picture of Santa, combining the striking features of Nastis imagin- ation with Moorels delightful des- cription: "His eyes how they twink- ledl His dimples how merryl His cheeks were like roses, like a cherry! His droll little mouth was drawn up like a bow, and the heard of his chin was as white as the snow."

This combined picture of Santa Claus. according to greeting card statistics, is the most. popular sin- gle figure on the cards this year, Blweai-ins on 100.000.000 Yuletide greetings. The lyricists whose rhymes and "messages accompany Santa's visage and figure, range through E. variety or sentiment from broad humor to tender sweetness. Even the best. of them. in our opin- ion, however, can never quite mea- sure up to Dr. Moords inspiration. so we'll close this holiday story. 86 he closed his: "Happy Christ- mas to all, and to all s. goodinigtit!"

:24-:.:.:;..

Old Charlottetown use 2. a. r. i

MILITARY DRILL "Bei-gt. Mscbouaail consented to exercise the students of the Prince of Wales College In military drill, three times In each week. He does this gratuitously. The 5098 were put through their faclnga for the first time this momihg. There were j,

' gersbury

ti-oduced the ermine-trimmed reds-

hls nose .

The air may be a rarity on our city streets but certainly hasn't vanished h'0m'th8 Maritimes farm scene where here and there it con- tinues to perform effIclent.ly- do- ing the Jobs that oxen have done faithfully since time immemorial. We lhave some a long way from the farm and an even longer dis- tance from the pioneers when yokes of oxen on Charlotte street excited wonder and amazement in Sydney. To that extent their ap- pearance on our main shopping street fulfilled the purpose of their coming which was to call at- tention to the oxen-pulling con- tests at the country fair;-s;:lney Post-Record.

weather sharps are saying that it's still Ii. bit too early to tell what kind of a winter we will have. But based on past performance, we're predicting a certain amount of snow and some more or tea cold weather, with occasional soft spells, slush, sleety rain now and attain. and the odd howling bliz- zard thnt will block the country side-roads so badly that we won't be able to get. out. to see ,;i'and-

imother unless Granp has a horse ' and cutter he can hitch up andiend to profemionai samblinin The theishort. answer is theiiaw. the Criminal Code, profes- about sional gambling is 5 crime punish.

meet us at "the corners" on Highway: (He may still have cutter, but. we wouldn't bet

Citizen. -

A member of. the family

Manor, of original ideas, and was deter- mined to have a good view of the coronation of William IV. The own weights and measures,