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‘Newrfoundland's entry into Confederation

PAGE FOUR THE LGUARDIAN“

- ' .1" our (I nodal i- ins-r)

' Leticia?! no theorist Ofnaa Mall. Poet Oftha ' Department. Ottawa. —

1 The llllllfl cumin-n Publlatsllll 0a. ‘Idltor rand IIIIIIIIIII Director, J. u. llariefl]

Aaaoelate Editor, Isaak Wellies

{The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

CIAILOTTETOWN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1'1, 1948

Mr. Power's Analysis

Hon. C. G. Power's indictment of his Party's policies at the recen-t national conven- tion continue! to be the subject of comment at Ottawa, as evidenced by the, following analysis of his charges, compiled fnom’his speosih by the Ottawa Journal.

(1) The Government is not now responsible r0 the people but is placing bureaucracy over Parliament.

(2) Electoral, parliamentary and adminis- trative ministerial systems must be reformed "to respond more readily to the will of the people."

(3) There is often "scandalausly corrupt political expenditure" in our elections.

(4) "Ministers of the Crown mast abandon the practice of abdicating their functions, their duties, and shouldering their responsibilities on irresponsible boards, committees or commis- sions."

(5) "We have budget by radio, restraint of trade by embargoes and prohibitions, bungling of freight rates and a snarling of interprovin- cial relations."

(6) In interprovincial affairs "the plain common sense of the matter demands a less rigid attitude be taken with the provinces. Tra- dition holds that we be provincial righters, rath- er than centralizers."

(7) if the “constitutional instrument" is in the way of permanent solution of Federal-inter- provincial affairs then lt should be amended.

‘(8) Parliament should shake off its plati- tudinous appearance; its committees should be made to work.

(9) He feared the convention would be fool- ed by fine words. "The pride that could flout a parliamentary caucus or a House of Commons quailed before a national convention. But to- night the delegates will be gone, the old pride will return." g

(10) "The fate of the Liberal party can- not be left entirely in the hands of those who temperamentally and politically have no under- standing of liberalism."

Terms ‘i'o Newfoundland

Here are the financial terms on which the is being considered:

Canada will pay to the Province of New- foundland the following statutory subsidies: (1) $180,000 11nd 80c per head of the population

. annually, subject to be increased to confonn to

the scale of grants authorized by the British North America Act, 1907, for the local purposes of the Province and the support of its govern- me-nt and legislature, provided that in no year shall the sums payable under this provision be less than those payable in the year of union; (2) $1,100,000 annually, in lieu of the various fixed annual awards, allowances and subsidies provided by statute from time to time for the Maritime Provinces or any of them, and in recognition of the special problems creat for the island province of Newfoundland by geo- graphy and a sparse and scattered population.

Newfoundland will be entitled to enter a tax agreement for rental to Canada of the in- come tax, corporation tax and succession duty (inheritance tax) fields on either of the follow- ing bases, the option to be exercised within six months after union:

('1) On the same basis as the existing agree- ments with other provinces which apply to fis- cat years up to and including i952; or if New- foundland prefers stability of revenue for a long- er period.

(2) An agreement providing for the same annual basis of payment by Canada as in ex- isting agreements with other provinces (i.e. ex- isting at the date of the exercise of the option), applying to fiscal years up to and includ-ing i957, regardless of the terms which may be negotiated (after the date of the exercise of the option by Newfoundland) by other provinces in any renewals of the existing agreements.

If Newfoundland enters into a tax 0gp“. eient, the subsidies under clause 11 above ($180,- 000 and 80 cents per head of population‘ and the fixed annual subsidy of $1,100,000) wiil, as in the case of similar subsidies to other prov- inces, be included in the computation of tax agreement payments.

in‘ order to facilitate the odiustment of Newfoundland to the etotus of a province and -the development by Newfoundland of revenue- producing services, Canada will pay ta New- foundiand each year during the first twelve years of union a diminishing Transitional Grant payable as follows:

T110 011111 0f $3,500,0M annually during each of the first three years after union;

"In the-—

fourth year ....... ..... $3,150,000

fifth year ...., ..... .., ,,,, 2,0M,m0 sixth year - . .,,,.,,,,_ 2,450,000 seventh yaar ..,._.. 2,100,000 eighth year .. .. 1,750,000 ninth year 1,400,000 tenth yaor ...,._,, ......_._., ..._ 1,050,010 eleventh year ..... 700,000 twelfth ypar.......... 350,000

In view of the difficulty of predicting with sufficient accuracy the financial consequences to Newfoundland of adjustment to provincial status the rnment of Canada will appoint

"a loyal Commission within eight years of union

tp review the flllfllkifllgpflltlflh of Newfound-

land and to recommend the form and acala of additional financial assistance, if any, whicr may be required by the Government of Naw- foundland to enable it to continue public ser- vices at then prevailing levels without resort- ing to taxation more burdensome, having re- gard to capacity to pay, than that of the -Mari- time Provinces.

-— EDITORIAL NOTES.—

The Governor-General

Welcome to the Knights of Pythlas. I i I I

in residence here.

Queen's County Progressive Conservatives meet tonight.

Scratch a Russian nowadays and you evi- dently reveal a spy. ‘ I

wee

Zionist plans to settle 600,000 Jews in Pales-tine are on‘ a scale that would cause con- cern to a much larger and richer country.

U U I I

Perhaps ‘the most appreciated part of August is that which follows the Exhibition, when haying usually is at an and, and citizens are making final preparations ta IIQI lIOtine after the summer vacations.

I ‘l’

One lites the way the Prime Minister tra- vels incognito. A member of his party in Seale Harbour, Maine, confirms the report of his arrival there, but intimates that Mr. King does not want it known where he is staying.

i I fl t

Reaction to the projected radar network across the Northland seems to be that money spent on discouraging potential aggressors is very well spent indeed.

I

w

I i

Canadian teachers are to explore the possi- bilities of national certification. Certainly it should be possible for a qualified teacher to take employment in any part of this country. It could be done by having a national standard for certificates, or simply by each province rec- ognizing the certificates granted by the others. I l t I

The freight on shipping turnips to Bos- ton in 1943 was 41c per 100 lbs.; today the rate is 61c. Where does the farmer come out in the increased cost of living? The conse- quence is that very -few turnips have been shipped to date, the latest quotation from Bos- ton being $1.75.

I I O I

Canada's policy of refusing to bring back to this country the bodies of her war dead is clear cut and reasonable. A complication has arisen, however, in the case of a Canadian who_ served in the United States Army and whose body that army has now returned to this coun- try. For the sake of consistency such proceed- Ings should be strgngly discouraged. i * i

Canada's Unemployment Insurance Fund ls now reported to total close to half a bill-ion dol- lars. Certainly it is prudent to build up re- serves in time of high employment, but it should be recognized that two billion added to the cost of production on the one ha-nd, the in. creased pressure for higher wages on the other, may well have been one of the most important factors in raising prices. ‘ I i

I Q

"ln thisoports-mad country-l don't mean that as a criticism because l don't think we're more sports-mad than you are (writes Mr. Rob- ert Baker in BBC’: London Letter)—'we'll always finish our game of bowls before we face up to the Armada of national problems ‘that, ol-ways II1 our history have been waiting around (~11;

corner."

_ Britain's most famous opera house is be- ing acquired by the State. The Royal Opera House, Convent Garden, where all the world's 91001051’ singers have appeared at one time or 011011101, l5 becoming‘ a national theatre. The purpose of this step is to ensure that adequate premises and facilities shall be available for b1_"1d"'_9 "P opera in Britain. The Government ‘"11 Qiva the Arts Council of Great Britain a long lease of the building and they will continue 1° Pflfvlde opera, ballet and concerts. The c°"11¢11 110$, 111 i001, already been assisting the

owners to do this.

' Admiral Robert Blake, British naval hero, died this date 1657. Sat in the Long Parlia- '"°"1_"1 164°, 011d fought on the Parliament- 017 side in the Civil War; was appointed by the Commonwealth "general at sea" to track down Prince Rup_ert's ships which he accomplish- ed off Malaga in 1650, and severely defeated the Dutch off North Forelad three years later. ill 1857 110 (IQSITOYQJ H1O Spanish trgqguyg flea} off Tenerife for which he received the thanks of Parliament. He died at sao within sight of 717111011111 5011110, and was buried in a state funeral in Westminster Abbey. He was re- nowned for his skill, daring and lofty chm». 0C1", and was the founder of Britain's naval supremacy.

When in hot s,» London it n recond as Time does as follows: srs triad to keep cool by lying, s-wogty m4 m". let, on the shores of Hyde Park's sdfpgflllinq, 01'1"" ‘Pod for the seashore, where thousands slept on the beaches. Steve Raynor, unis" from Jamaica, changed his coat three times and gava up. _ ‘It's too hot in England,’ he said. Al’ the Olympic Games, a Boy Scout bearing the national standard of Chile fainted dead away from the heat. And ot the practice field where the Olympic athletes ‘themselves were warming up, India's sin foot three-inch Gurnom Singh ponted and pined openly for his native Patiala (where the temperature hits 120°). Said Singh: 'ln England 90° is equal to 112° in

something to "Some London-

lndia. lt’a the terrible humidityi"

all the

€TI7AVL

Old Charlottetown (And r. s2. l.) 1'

FIRST SQUADRON’! VISIT

On July 1st, 1788, Lieutenant Governor Fanning announced to Lord Sydney that Rear-Admiral Sawyer, with five ships of His Majesty's squadron under his com- mand. arrived here the mrd June, this being the first visit of a flag officer and squadron of 111s Ivlujestyls Navy to this port. "The faVOllftible oplnic-n of the Admiral has been pleased to express of the depth of water, the facility of en- trance and the security of the harbour has afforded myself and inhabitants of this town satisfaction.”

A Big Boy From Point Grey

infinite

(By Francis Aldham in Vancouver Province) I I I

(Mr. Norman Robertson's fath- er, Professor Lemuel Robertson, LL.D., of British Columbia, was a. native of Marshflcld, his mobher Miss Ema. MacLeod of Orwell. Nonman was born In the City of Vancouver, but 1e claimed here as an Islander.) I I I

He used to amble along the street. on those hot days for which Washington, DC. is notorious, in "stonm rubbers" with felt. taps, a giant of a 1nd with mitsfze feet and smiling. boyish face. His careless habit. of forgetting his hat-and even his tie-anode him conspicuous in o. well-dressed capital and he seldom 80% N1 11'1- vitatfon to fashionable gamer-Lugs. In. assemblies where men sought reliable information quickly he was much 1n demand, but actual- ly Norman didn't care whether anybody invited him out or not. As usual, he had time for nothlnfl but study. He nearly always gulp- ed a university course 1n half tne time allotted-and went on to an- other university.

His name was Robertson from Canada. The sbonm rubbers were u» only comfortable thlnlfl he coma mm big enough for his feet, he used toe!!!)iii-10- Vancouver. a Rhodes scholonbrll- iinnt. graduate of Oxford and now he was "takmE" 900110111105 111' the Brooklngs School in Vvashlnflwfl- He got. through that, in 0111014 time, went, up to Harvard to lec- ture and, we used to sfly- 171011111011’ went. from there to several othcr universities, somewhere 1n tho Engush lp88kl‘1'1g.Wl:1‘ld.

"Wlhat n man!" the Woshlnl- ton Journalists would ssy- N01‘ man would come up to my 1111011" ere for a cup of ten (it was prac- Uwny ggnpqssilblc to get. tea in Wastungtcn uni-ass you brewed it yourself) and there the disting- uished. men of the famous Wash- ington newspaper c0090 1101110 come In, mo. w out their 01011- lems 1n matters economic to Lhe man who had the biggest foo! and the coolest, head in North America.

Now it, our be sold that in fin- nda. House in Wastunetcn he was n rank outsider. He Just did not, belong to the "Dip. Corps" and he was too shabby in his. attire to be »a, distinguished vletlcr. ‘Ihere oarne the day when he was one of Canada's diplomats form- ally assigned to Washington, and another day when Canada's am- bassador to the United States took orders from him. That, was when he was base tn External Affairs tn Ottawa. confidential adrvtaer to Canada's Premier.

Now. as everybody knows. he is Canada's High Oormnteslone to London, the moat coveted poet, in our diplomatic setup. He quite litter-ally looks immense in tells and 10PM. Still on the sunny side of 46, he has a, long way to go. He hne been getting bald these ,5 years. but, he looks very young and that 00d ohuokie with which he preilacee hie confident, cool answer to the portentoua ques- t-lon that, somebody is always put.- tlng to him accentuates his youth- ful style. He fa the sort of anon who never will be elderly because he was never really boyish 1n his mind.

Ho went to King Edward High. jumped the fence of that, fine

school and went. over to Univer- afty of Irfttah Ooiuirdsts. when

He was from.

Berlin Crisis In Perspective

(by W. N. Ewer)

The “Berlin Crisis" can only be seen clearly 1n perspective. It did not spring sheuply into being as o, result of the introduction o! new currency into me Wesiern' Zones or of the decision of the Slx-Pawer-London Crmterence in favour of the establishment. of n German administration 1n the West.

For two years and more Lhe qusdulpmite acizninlstration of Berlin had functioned better than any other quadtipartite organiza- tion. It, had been established in accordance with the Fbur-Power Declaration of June 5, 1945, which separated the capital from all the four Zones and had made it. a Fbur-Power territory.

"The area of Greater will be occupied by forces of each oif the Four Powers. Ar. inter-Allied governing authority (in Russian, e Kommandotura) Consisting of four Commondanie. appointed by their respective Com- mandicrs-ln-Chlef, will be estab- lished to direct, jointly its ad- ministration."

‘Berlin

In spite of obvious difficulties the Konummdatura worked well enough with occasional troubles and sharvp differences but, with- out dead-look. The reason W35 that it. had to work. It the A1- iicd Control Council for all Ger- many felled to agree on this or that, each Conunander-ln-Ctued’ could keep things running 1n his own Zone. But, 1f the Kommnnaa- tum broke down there would be danger of chaos-for no one of the four Commondants had any in- dividual authority: not, even, ex- cept in military affairs, in hie own sector of the city. Sectors were areas of occupation. not. ad- ministrative unit.

So. during 1946 and i947, while the Potsdam system never func- tioned and the Four Zones went

their divers ways. Berlin re- malned united and the Four Powers managed to cooperate

with, on the whole, remarkably little frlczttorn.

What brought the change? The Council of Foreign lvillnfsters broke down, the Soviet Government de- cided to try to force the Western Allies out. of the capital nnd to merge it in the soviet Zone.

‘Dwo days‘ after the end of the London Ctrmference. ‘Taegllsche Rundechnu.“ which is the official

his fat-her was professor of clu- sioa, won the Rhodes Scholarship (aged 10), was a. professor at, U. B.C. e122. a lecturer at. Harvard at. 25 and oi. 3'7 was “counse-lior" (deputy minister) of External Aif- fafre, with years of official eaqper- ience in overseas conferences be- hind him. I I I

Bennett and Mackenzie King both loaned upon his Judgments in all matters that have to do with international trade. U. B. oispertemeihkn saanequalta draw u) trade agreements and he carried more secrets under his thinning thatch than any except the wisest, and eldest of the gov- emlng clams.

Not, long ago Cemhrlifie Und- verrlty gave him an honorary de- gree and the tap council of the European side of United Notions handed him one of its highest honors. He belongs to many ad- visory committees on econmnl affairs in what is coming to be called "Western Union."

But, the thing that must have given tilm the biggest, glow-lit so cool n men can glow-wee his "unveiling" qt the biggest flag pole in London. It, was e monster Douglas Fir from 5.0.. erected near the Tower of London, nn- other giant from Canada. set down and pointing to the mien 1n the tired old land from which Robertson's for-beers came.

1'0 menu nwmrrfins

The easiest, and best, way to clear aluminum cooking utensliais wild a, unlld soap and sleet wool.

TIYIDID ‘I'll! CULPRIT

Goltre is caused by malfunc-

iionins of ins thyroid Illtld in the nook.

TILE SOUND 0F THE TREES I wonder about the t-reea.

Why do nre wish to beer

Forever the noise at tiheee

More than another noise ~

so close to our dwelling place? We suffer them by the day

Till we lose all measure of pace, And fixlty in our Joys,

And acquire n listening air.

They are that that talks of going nut. never gets away;

And that. talks no less for knowing, As it grows wiser and older, , That now ft, means to stay.

My feet tug at the floor‘

And my head sways to my shoulder Sometimes when I watch trees

sw y. From tihe window or the 000!-

I shall set forth for somewh e. I shall make the redness choice And tossing so as to scare

The white clouds aver them on. I shnll have less to soy.

But I shall he gone.

—Robert Frost.

organ of the Soviet. Military Gov- ernment, called for "reconsidera- tion of the present system of Four-Power administration 1n Berlin." It was the signal for the opening of n propaganda cani- palgn on the theme that. con- tinued presence of the three West- ern Powers in the capital was neither necessary nor justified. Action followed the propaganda barrage. The Russians began to sabotage the work of the Kam- maindatura. On Acpril '3, ceased attending eight of its eighteen committees. On May 13. their representatives w a1 k e d. shouting at. the top of their voices, out, of the important Pub.- llc Safety Committee. A month later they walked out of the Kommandotura. itself calling to the French chairman that "there will not be any next meeting." In that way the Hour-Power administration of Berlin was de- izberately brought to an end.

Simultaneously, the Soviet auth- orities began themselves to issue orders to the Germ-on municipal and police officials and to the Gammon “Maglstratfl And, more- over. they were orders pus-porting to apply to the whole city. They began, as the General Corrumand- ant, remarked. to "act. ire if this city were port- of the Sovfet Zone." They were trying to cre- ate by direct action. by sabotage and usurpation of power, n. situ- ation in which the Four-Power administration would have ceased to exist. and in which the Soviet. Commandant would exercise cam- plete authority throughout the city. The German municipal ed- mlnlstrallou would either be coerced into obedience or destroy- ed and replaced by some oom- pletely subservient body.

The currency question 1e 1n it,- self evidence o! this. There was, over the substance. no disagree- ment. The Western Allies were quite willing that tho “Soviet Zone marks" should be the cur- rency through the whole city and to issue n Four-Power dares to this effect. The crisis amine be- cause Marshal Sokolovsky refused to act. Jointly and issued l cur- rency decree for all Berlin on his awn authority.