Progress of the War.

JOURNAL OF THE SIEGE. CAMP BEFORE‘ SEl‘»AS’l‘()l’Ul..

January 28th.—Notliwitlistanding the fine weather, the transport of clothes, fuel, and provisions entails considerable hardships on the men. The sick make little progress towards recovery, and tho nuuiber of men sent down every day is a sad proof of the unsatisfactory condition of our army as regards its sanitary suite. Ponies have been lent to some regiments. Iobring up their clothing. 'l‘hc Second Divi- nion has been ordered to tiiko part of the night duty of the hard-working and hard-fighting Lig t Division, and the men of the latter have now sometimes three nights outof seven in bed. The coflee is now issued to the men roasted, with few exceptions. Vegetables, however, are greatly needed. Picks rind spades, hillhocks and axes, are in much request, and am very much needed. Requisition after requisition is lent in, and returned scratched out. In one company ofa regiment, I know there are three ick-heads and no handles. two bpades, one rokeu in two, and all the bill-hooks worn out, yet these must be used to clean the camp, dig graves, and out wood. The Board of Qrdnancc certainly deserves great credit for the care they have taken of their iucn. '.l‘he artillery olhred a great contrast for a long time to the rest of tho ai-my. ’l‘hcy were well shod, well clad, and decent-looking. Tho ollicers here had a. splendid stock of long boots to choose from. They have watcrproofs, fur caps, fur coats, &c. 80. The infantry have two suits of warm un- dcr clothing. Some have wnteh-coats and sheep-skin jackets; but the men generally have no vlatcrproofs or long boots, though they have

toflrndii about like cranes in the trenches.

It is said that Lord Raglan had another escape, when he visited the trenches of the left attack on the 26th. With his usual contempt ofdangcr. the Field Marshal rodc out from the trench upon the open ground in front. Two Russians at once came forward, and took a steady aim at him; but, crc one could fire, a oharpshooter of ours shot him, and the other was hit an instant afterwards. The story goes that Lord Raglan asked the soldier his mime, and said, he would remember him. There is another statement, of an entircl opposite cha- racter, to which I shall not allude.

JANUARY 29tli.—-Tho weather keeps up, but we are told to expect ii. change very soon, and to be prepared for n dreary February and a terrible March. There was a council of war to-day at Lord Raglan‘s head-quarters, at which General Canrobert, General Bosquet, and several French oflicsrs assisted or were

resent. Subsequently, Lord Raglan had a ittlc levee of his own generals, and receive visits from the generals of division, who also had interviews with tho qusrtermsster-general “ head-quarters. There was heavy firing last

Iiilllit, principally on the French.

‘ore was a serious sortie on the French last night, and some desperate figbtin in t hunches. The Russians were re a sad with loss. A.ino the dead was an ogcsr, richly dressed, an covered with orders. He was thought to be a neral, but it is now behaved be was a stad'o cer of the Naval Bri do; his body was sent back to the enemy. here can‘ be no doubt, from the statements of the prison- cet that the Grand Dukes have returned. A Polish oficsr is said to have warned us to pre-

In for an attack, and stated, that the Grand

its had addressed the soldiers, and called on them to make one more attempt to save Sebasto- pol. If they failed. the were assured they would not be asked to fig it again—il' the suc- ceeded, they would be saviours of their c urch and of the city, and would be rewarded by both. This may or may not be true, but it is certain, that great and unusual animation ex- ists in the town. The men work busily at the defenses, and the thin streaks of smoke from the camp fires indicates the arrival of consider-

able masses of the Russians over the Tchcruaya,..

or the table land above it. The new battery they have established on these heights is fired at our ri lit and at the French pickets inces- undy w thout much effect.

Jsxuiiav 30th.—By general orders, dated Ch‘ of ‘January, Lord Raglan communicates tho"iiitsll_igonee to the arm that the Russian oonsms ers have an nto an s‘ cement wifi thosllied gznorals to cease ring all do tbslisss,w nsvsrawbitoflsgishoistsd Q '1 'csf.o that a buryi? pprty is engaged in tent ,of the batteries. 0 gs of trues are to bestitt out, without the sanction of the com- naitder-'in st‘ b have arisen from the fact, that an oflicsr in a inscwbass servant wartnaen prisoner by Russians suns tiise agi, sinisll sent ma legal on- his (awn ' ity to do- .n is on bagpp Vb’ hd _ lsn intctlgflnds ofthe enemy. Tbs. ‘an lin command restored the man and the oIc'er‘s papers and letisrs—lho rest of his ‘acts shared the fortune of war. dtrotssd-‘ the nine . ' buses be sanathrougl-‘tho ' tboeauetiryterks. ~'l.'his erdn

9 A.

-A-Ah‘‘Ab -- O B’

This last order is understood ~

HASZARD’S GAZETTE, MARCH 7.

place among burying parties on both sides from the fire of the rilleuien. Admiral Boxer has arrived, and will assume the command of the lmi-bour ot‘li.ilnkl:iva. The harbour and town are much better than they have been. ANUARY 31.

To-day a spy walked through some of our trenches, counted the guns, and made whatever observations he pleased besides, in addition to inforination acquired from the men with whom he ccnvsrsed. lie was closely shuven, and wore a blue frock-coat buttoned up to the chin, and he ate ed for some time to look at Mr. Murdock, of tho Sunspareil, “ benching” the go us,or putting new vents into them. Some said he was li °e a Frenchman, others that he “looked like a doctor." No one sus cted he was a Russian, till he suddenly bolte away down the front of the battery towards the Russian pickets, under a sharp fire of musketry, through which he had the singular good luck to escape un- scathed. 'trict orders have been issued, in consequence of this during act, to admit no one into the trenches or works without a written pcruiission from the proper authorities, and that all persons found loitering about the cauip sliiill be arrested and sent to divisional lic:id- quarters for examination. On tlicother liand.our spy who was sent out some time ago to report on tl:c condition of the army towards the Bol- hck has returncd,and states, that ho wcntas far as Simphcropol, that the enemy arc in soino forco along the route, but that the cavalry is in ii. miserable condition, and that their horses are lying dead by hundreds all over the country. stated some time ago, that the French have been in the habit of sendin out workin arties through our lines, townr s the valle of aidar, to cut wood for gabions and fue , along the sides of the romantic glcns which intersect the high mountain ranges to the S. E. of Balakluva. They have frequently come across the Cossack pickets, and as it is our interest not to rovoks hostilities with them, it kind of good-fcl owship has sprung u between our allies and the men of the Russian outposts. The other day the French came upon three cavalry horses tied up to a tree, and tho oflicer in command ordered them not to be touched. On the same,daya Chasseur had left his belt and accoutrements behind him in the ruined Cossack picket-house, and naturally gave up all hope of recovering thcui, but on his next visit, he found them on the wall untouched. To requitc this act of forbearance, a French soldier, who had taken a Cossack’s lanes and pistol, which he found leaning against a tree, has been ordered to return them and leave them in the place he found them. The next time the French went out, one of the men left a biscuit in a cleft stick, beckoning to the Cossacks to come and eat it. The following day they found a white loaf of excellent bread stuck on a stick in the same place, with a note in Russian, which has been translated for them in Balaklava, and to the elect, that the Russians had plenty of biscuit, and that, thou h estly obliged for that which had been left or t on, they roullyfid not want it; but if the French had bread to spare like the sample left for thorn, it wouldjbo acceptable. The scntrics on both sides shout and yell to each other, and the other day a Russian called out, as the French were retiring for the day, “ Nous nous rsvenons, mes umis—I"rancsis. Anglais, ' " I fear the cannouado going on before Ssbostopol, the echoes of w ich reach the remote gladss dis- dinctly, must have furnished a strange com- mentary on the assurance, and must have rather tested the sincerity of the declaration.

Fsnnuiiitv l.—The marines of the Al icrs and Agamcmnon re-embarked on boa the Sanspnrcil to join their ships to-day, and 100 supernumeraries of the fleet will take their place in the front. It is beyond doubt that whenever the assault takes place the fleet will run in, to draw off the effects of the fire ofthc north forts on the south side of the town. As the southern forts will be in the hands of the allies, there will be no ~cross-fire on the ships, but it is somewhat difficult to foresee the real action and effect of the fleets on the place, inasmuch as the ontrance to the harbour is sealed b ‘the boom and the sunken vessels. It ishc icved that the large screw line-of-battle ships can break the boom and force their way through the checaiu: dcfriu of amputated masts and spars by waning at them full speed, but any failure in such an attempt would lead to the most serious consequences to the ‘vessels, whose progress would be neces- sarily arrested at a fixed point under the fire of the northern forts. _ '

If the southern forts are seized rapidly in the Gut riisb of the assault, the allies may avsilthoinsolvoe of their very heavy ornament to aid the fleets, to cover their ovrn position, and to reply to the guns of the northern forts, but it is more probable that the Russians will destroy the guns,

°'..nii.iimiiio-ima are mam. so out they

maybe at once sent into ibo sir. lhen the

2.'.."'.l.?.‘.'.l‘.2i°.'

for several Msldssll bad tahemouter battci-issue’ bi-cod.‘ Too. of these V l

forts have hollow casemnted galleries towards the land-side, and are perfectly open, so that the guns cannot be turned fromthe sen-face by the enemy, and brought to hear on our attacking columns.. F Alexander and Fort Nicholas can scarcely

bring ii sunroof guns to bear on the place,

as their ombresures all look scavvnrds, and

the cusenmtes are open in the rear, [icing ac- cessible by long galleries ofsolid masonry.

The fort at the extremity of Cape Paul at Karabelnuir, which mounts 78 guns in three

tiers, can fire on the French side of the

town, from one angle and one face, and it

is recovered by the formidable works of Mzilnkholfand by the Rcdnn and Garden

Battery, and by a long line of earthworks.

Should these works and the lines of Mnlukholfnct ho speedily forced the fire ofthe Paul battery would be very annoying

to any troops in possession of the town at the other (the western) side of Dockyard Harbour, and would take Fort Nicholas in reverse. It is not at all probable, that the Russians will overlook the importance of destroying all the southern forts, in case they intend to defend with obstinacy the northern side of the place. We know indeed that the magazines of these forts form most effectual and powerful mines. and there is not much reliiincc to be placed in the stories we hear respecting the want of powder in Sebastopol. Should the ships be able to subdue the fire of the northern forts, nothing will remain forthc army to do but to invest the citadel and to meet any army which may threaten it in the rear from the south, or advance to raise the siege on the north. Such a happy result is almost too much to expect; but Sir Edmund Lyons has declared, the fleet shall not be idle,wlicn the assault does take place, and if energy, skill, and courage can carry our wooden walls to victory, we may be certain, he will win it. 'l‘ho success ofthe fleet would relieve us from serious difli- culties in the reduction ofthe north side of the place, for the dangers of crossing round by the ravines and marshes at the bend of the valley oflnkcrmann, over scarped and broken paths swept by the fire of very heavy artillery, are not to be lightly esti- mated. There is no other way of getting round except by the mountainous -road and road and forest tracks towards Mnckenzie's Farm, and there is no doubt that the enemy

3 A

have prepared the route for our reception

in the event of our undertaking so diflicult an operation.

Froin the liikerinaim ruins down to the road to Mackenzie‘-i Farm, the inaccessible clifls which overhang the course of the Tchsrnsya in sheer slabs of man hundred feet in height. close up the flank of the ussisns completely on that side. and only leave two roads open to the north—ihai by the marshes and over the defiles close to the sea, and underiln Lighthouse Batteries of lnkerinsiin, and that round towsrdo the south of the Belbolt, by Msclrensis’s Faun. The disappearance of l.iprsndi’e corps from the valley of Bslsklsva has relieved us for s time from uneasiness. and leaves our rear open ; but at any inoinent—st the period of the ssinult, for instsncc-—ihs same force, or one in still larger numbers. may to-appear, and psrslyso the action of the allies, who must main- tain their present position, till they have actually reduced the whole of the south side of the place. I presume some reconnaissance in force will be made immediately ers the assault takes place, to ascer- tain the eiuctfcrce and disposition ofthe enemy in that direction. They still hang about our rear —-the eternal Cossack is ever on the watch on all the mounds and hill tops towards Komsrs. "chornoum and Bsidsr. It was but yesterday 1 saw three mounted oificers evidently taking a quiet reconnaissance oflheir own, under shelter of the ruined church of Komsrs, and examining the po- sition of our army. The enemy in our rear are not in strength certainly, but it is quite practicable for them at any iirneio ms over from Bi i- Sarsi or from the Bslbsli in considerable force. and we can have no intimation of their arrival till they are seen streaming down the sides of the mountains by the pains from Khutor Ilackensie almost into the very valley of lialaklavs. The road fromllsidsr is impracticable, and our position on that side, if pro rly defended, is capable of resisting in force t tcan be brought against it. There woo d be considerable ilifisuliy in marsh- ing aov large number of men from Bskshi-Ssrai Iowssds llaliklava, if the country is is the some state along the roads as it is around our can . The mud, Iiodulen by innumerable feet and hire a, has befli worked up here into a sticky, tough, nasty compost of the most determined character, and of the greatest tenacity, and it would-be no easy nastier to iscrreriilleiy. snioisiiiiiou; or stores mail the ground been-as-in b’oiisr~inder.

hotuvc aids the otbeklnoluooise. if

FMQV made I

continue to disturb the

repel it with unabated courage and vigour, nu. less they are led into some tru or are sadlv mis- managed, and I own, lliavc ittlc doubt bftho result ofany effort the Russians may make to dislodge the allies from their position as long as this fine weather lasts.

Tliatan attempt ofsome kind or other will be made very shortly no one can doubt, after the information we have received and the de- inonst_rstion of last night. A sortie from tho town is tbemost likely shape for the attack to “'|1m|°iII the Russians_ ¢an_colle4:t their co- lumns, andnmke their dispositions for the as- sault pnder cover and also under the protection of their guns. They have the shelter of deep ravines during their advance, and a rapid run up the heels of the pickets brings their men right up to the trenches. _ But there the ad. vantages they possess terminate ver abruptly. The parapet, and the guns. and t. omen an before them, and the only chance the enein has lies in vastly superior numbers, wbic would enable them to overlap our batteries, and sweep round into tli.-ni hy. the flanks, to work their wicked will, till rvliiftirccmenls ar- rivo to expel them. The Grand Dukes made a reconnaissance of our front yesterday.

lliis morning early the Fi-cnch made a de- monstration on our right, and two divisions were marched down towards Inkcrinann. con- sisting of about 16,000 men, but the Russians who had been cheering loudly all along our front did not meet them. I regret to say, our gallant allies sullercd severely in tho sortie which took place on them this morning and last night. About 300 men and several ofieers were put Iior: (!e_combat, and the loss is the more melancholy, inasmuch as a considerable amount of it was occasioned by an unfortunate mistake, which led one Frenchfegiment to fire upon another in the obscurity of the night. he bring all last night was incessant, and the

reach were so anxious, as to the nature of the Russian movements in our front, that are day- break _Gencrul _ltosc rode to our camp to in-

uirc if anything unusual had taken place. V c arc still expecting an attack. The guns ordered up to the hill over the road outside Ba- lakliiva have not yet been mounted, but the work is all traced out, and the guns are lying ready to bo hoisted up pnd placed on their carriages,

The weather is beautiful : in fact, it is al- most too warm fpr the time of year, and makes our men. who will insist on wearing all their warm clothin at once, unpleasantly hot and pppressed. ur pickets have the strictest in- Junctionp to be on the _nlert, and our cavalry have a little more duty in the way, that cavalry are accustomed to act than the have had for some time back. The re rations for ls down the electric tolegridpliufrom head-quarytial‘ are going on rapidly, and with success:

_ I-‘Incas! 2.

Nothing unusual last night. Many of the regiments were held in readiness for inimedis action. The cavalry were under arms all-night. About 200 Clot ‘lie down and were sent bond the Rlpon. None of them were '

with vermin, and their’ blankets were not sent .

down with them. The weather has chain it. It is cloud and overcast, and it blew bs al intervals sat night, but the tbermonisios 3 still up to 42 degrees The Runisiis have not moved. Two more ‘i 1' full of navviss has; arrived at Balaklave. The St. Jean d'Aerein still outside the harbour. The roads are all covered with shakes, which have been thrown away by men of the various drafts and re mom. receiitl landed on fieir way to camp. golonsl Eld, o the 90th, was under arrest for five days because it was thou ht, he had not acquainted his men with the c on he had received not to throw away their shakos on pain of sever. punishment, but it was owing to the dgtgmigg of the letter at head- uarters ordering bk release that ho was an or arrest for three of those days.

Sr. Pa-rnsscsc, Fob. 4.—'l'he hard frost

which has set in is hailed with joy. as the old arid true ally of 1812 comes onces in to the

aid of Russia. Picturosare publishc ,in which the oh and English are represented as bivo in in the

greatest miser before Sebas- topol, and t cpopu ace are tang t, that the ice and snow an esoluting blast are sent from God in answer to the prayers of tbs Orthodox.

i, ' and for the annihilation ct‘ the enemies of the

ly cause.

Vision. Peb. l5.—'l'lis hr] of Wostniorslsnd had latel several conferences wlthoonntbuol. It is con dently stated, that their object was 5 settle conditions of a loan of £l5,fIl),fl)0 sh’- ling which the Austrian Government wishssb contract with the routes of In . The loan is to be brong tout in the market.

Sr. Pi.-nnsscao, Friday, Feb. l6—Prinss Mentsohikol reports Hot Bobsstopol on the th—Tbe situation is sooboogsd. We _ slop. Dsssrtsrsslrn that the French guard the trenches in coins- :p:ncs of considerable losses of the lnglsb . ,. i 4 - ‘

‘ ’l'iimtwoGr.asdd')ukVss-bail srrivcdM_~90-

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