Else (Guardian

Covers Prince Edward Island Like The on W. .l. Hancox. Publisher

Burton Lawns Frank Walker

Executive Editor Editor

Published every week day morning (exzept Sun- days and statutory holidays) at I65 Prince Street. Charlottetown. P.E.l. by Thomson Newspapers ltd. Branch office at Summerside, Montague. Alber- ton and Souris.

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rilch WEDNESDAY. MAchiisLLssg‘. It's Still Precarious

“In consequence of the continued unfavorable state of the weather,” reported The Islander newspaper of Jan. 3, 1862, “we are still with- out our foreign and colonial mails. Owing to the immense quantity of lolly in the Straits, the couriers have been unable to cross from either side, and we understand that one of them has been at Cape Tormen- tine for some ten days, waiting an opportunity. Considerable anxiety is felt in this City, and consequently there is a corresponding amount of grumbling at the Post Office author- ities and the mail couriers.”

Two decades later, despite the advent of steam navigation, Old Man Winter had us pretty badly tied up in this Island province. Here, for example, is an item from The Ex- aminer of Feb. 9, 1881, on the same theme: “Eleven passengers and three of the Northern Light’s crew landed at Cape Sharp today. They were twenty-six hours on the ice. Last night they gave up all hope of reaching the shore, but this morn- ing they took fresh courage and finished their hard journey. They suffered from frost and exposure. Several of them are frozen, though not seriously. They left on board three women. one child, two men and thirteen men of the crew. The provisions are getting short."

We have come a long way since those spartan times. Our winter ferry service has been powerfully augmented, and only rarely nowa- days do ws suffer prolonged incon- veniences. Winters. too. seem to be getting milder. But we are still at the mercy of the elements, and we got a reminder of that during the past few days. We could get many such reminders in the next few weeks.

Perhaps, if politicians from other parts would visit us more frequent- ly by car ferry at this season, in- s1cad of by the more expeditious airways. they would get a better idea of what our winter transporta- lion problems are. and why. in our Contacts with Ottawa, we seem to he so preoccupied with them.

Manitoba Report Except for Saskatchewan and

Prince Edward Island, the relative

importance of agriculture in Man-

itoba is greater than in other prov- inces, and the big problem facing

Manitoba today is in making the

transition from a predominantly

farm economy to an emerging in- dustrial one. The province’s in- stitutions, attitudes, skills and phys- ical and economic services have not kept up with the change. This has tended to cause a slowing down in Manitoba’s economic growth since the mid-1950s, and has sparked an

inquiry which has resulted in a 400,-

000-word report by a 42-membcr

economic committee covering every

t» phase of the subject.

' Prince Edward Island economic planners will be interested in this report, which we have just received from the Manitoba research direc- tor. It is a monumental work. repre- senting the thinking of 200 Man-

, itobans and some 38 professional

' consultants or consulting firms in

Canada, the United States and

Great Britain. It was prepared in

under 18 months; and although the

committee was appointed by the provincial government. the govem- ment had little to do with its prep-

oration.

It is significant. In times when governments are becoming more and more deeply embroiled in economic

'Why all the emphasis

matters, to note that the commit;- tee insists that Manitoba’s future development lies within the frame- work .of a free society. The province is not to be floated into the future on a wave of massive government spending. The government’s task is to provide the climate suitable to economic growth; the growth it- self, it is emphasized, must come

from the efforts of firms and in- dividuals. In secondary industry, it is

found, lies the best—in fact the only—hope of providing the 75,000 new jobs that will be necessary by 1975 if Manitoba is to have full em- ployment. The committee estimates that some $7 billion of new capital will be required if the economic ob- jectives are to be met. The report gives much consideration to ways and means whereby indUStry can be stimulated and expanded, the kind of manufacturing most suit- able to the province. the type of education, skills and new incentives that will be necessary.

29 pages of the report are devot- ed to agriculture alone. from which we note that in Manitoba. as in other provinces, the segments of the farm economy that offer the best potential for development are live- stock and vegetable crops. Th e expanding markets for beef cattle, hogs and poultry could result in a dubling of the present production of livestock from $65 million to $130 million provided appropriate action is taken. Significant, too, is the em- phasis on the need for exploiting the growing demand for processed foods.

Dean Acheson's View

That NATO defense policies are due for a change. as stated by Prime Minister Dicfenbaker. seems to be the opinion also of Dean Acheson, former US. Secretary of State, who spoke the other day at the Califor- nia Institute of Technology on this subject.

It is Mr. Acheson's opinion that. the North Atlantic Treaty Organi- zation needs a new defense plan, that its function should be re-de- fined and that it should concentrate on building up its non-nuclear defense force in Europe. “That function." be said, “should be to deny the Soviet Union the capacity to impose its will in Europe by con- ventional force."

This need to counter Russia's superiority in conventional forces was emphasized a year or more ag) by President Kennedy. At the last NATO council meetings in Paris it; was indicated that' Canada and the United States were the only coun- tries that had lived up to their NATO commitments with respect to conventional arms quotas. Why aren't we hearing more about this in the current election campaign? on nuclear commitments?

As Dean Acheson says. “Sovret domination of East Germany is largely based on the preponderance of Soviet conventional power. If this were denied them—if there were instead such equality of power as to deny them success by con- ventional means—a clear policy in support. of peaceful reunification would represent a very different complex of forces.” .

Germany, he pointed out, "is divided because Russia desires it, has superior conventional power and is ready to use it as in 1953 (the year of the East German work- ers' riot) to keep Germany divided.”

EDITORIAL NOTES

Liberal Leader Pearson told a group of editors of ethnic newspap- ers in Winnipeg the other day that a distinctive Canadian flag should be one that could not be mistaken for the emblem of any other coun- try. The Red Ensign can be, he said. Of course. if one were color-blind, or saw it. in the dark . . . But if that's his only objection to the Red Ensign, its a pretty flimsy one.

It , ‘0'

Political history was made a few days ago when Ralph G. Stein- hauser. a 57—year old farmer in the Brousseau district of Alberta. was nominated as Liberal candidate to contest the V'ogt'cville constitut- ency in the April 8 Federal election. The significance lay in the fact that Mr. Steinhauscr a full-blooded Cree Indian. lie is the soc ind Indian to contest a federal election. Last year. Watson Middleton, a Stony Indian, ran as a Social Credit can- didate in the urban constituency of Toronto-I’arkdale but was defeated.

is

1.51.52. .

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

Shocking Death To” On Our Highways

One person on the average was killed on Canadian roads in

every hour of daylight through- the case “too much publicity". out the black year of 1962. This [ which might have an effect on is the record toll just reported ‘ the imposition of a sentence.

' ' >QUEBEC BLACK~SPOT

by our Bureau of Statistics.

Our jalopy-jockeys should be ashamed of the scandalous rec- ord in every division of tragedy which they chalked up last year: the most deaths, the larg- est number of accidents. 3 rec- ord total of injuries, and an all- time heaviest bill for damage to property.

3,878 people were killed on our roads, a shocking 13.2 per cent more than in the previous year. 111,125 p e op l 9 were injured. That is worse than if the entire population, every man and wom- an and child, in Windsor, On- tario, or in Regina, Saskatche- wan. had been laid out in mor- tuaries and hospitals.

In the province of Quebec alone there were 107,458 road accidents. including more than 12,000 causing death, injury or property damage in exceSS of $100. Little wonder that Ottawa drivers have learned to watch with fear every car bearing licence from La Belle Province.

ANOTHER CHANCE?

To Ottawans a poignant phasis on the danger of Quebec drivers stems from a particular- ly tragic and ought-nevcr-to- have- been accident. On 3 Que-

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t

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lthree week-ends last Spring, 16

accused’s lawyer. who sharply criticized newspapers for giving

Last Spring I drove along the Trans-Canada Highway between Montreal and Quebec City, and a shattering experience I stumb- led into all unaware. That 200- mile death path is the black spot of all Canadian highways. In

people met their deaths in acci- dents along that fine new broad straight highway. Not without reason the "C h ro nicle Tele- graph" of Quebec City com- mented editorially that Quebec drivers have not yet learned to drive on a road with more than two lanes

Traffic experts are alarmed about our increasing road toll.

In the same way, top police of- i ficials are alarmed by the rise! In adolescent delinquency. Lac ‘ of discipline is the common fac- , tor. But to impose road disci. pline is estimated to need one‘ patrol car for e a ch 20- mile stretch of ltighway—-an enor- mous cost. . More rigorous driving tests. tougher court sentences, and, stricter disqualifications from driving are all needed. And as in so many fields, greater fear- lessness by governments is need ed—such for example as would ban the uninsured driver and disqualify the unroadworthy ve- icle. l Otherwise. as is made clear! from these statistics just pub-' lished by the Bureau here— if the Bomb doesn‘t get us. the Jalopy will.

i l l t t

Ghana’s New Trend

Chatham Daily News

Hopeful signs of increasing In- . dependence and moderation are ‘ seen in the more congenial attit- ude of the West African republic

. of Ghana to the democracies.

em- ‘

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bec highway, the two young dau- 1

ghters of a well-known Ottawa family were killed. The driver of the other car was later scn- tenced to three years in peniten- tiary for “criminal negligence" and his licence to drive was suspended for a further five ye . t was revealed in court that this 24 year old driver had a record Including two oth er "serious accidents. one of which involved the death of his 17 year old passenger. It was also reported that the driver and the four other youths ac- companying him had just left a hotel. whose proprietor had ad- judged that thcy were in no fit state to drive and had accord~ ingly alerted the police.

The question has been asked here whether there should not be liberal use of a provision for automatic disqualification from driving for life. Three deaths is surely enough proof that a drlv- er should not be permitted to threaten soc‘cty further on the public highway?

But what twisted the knife in the wound for Ottawans in this instance was the protest of the

1 and indicated dis satisfaction v with its purchases of expenstve l

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President Nkrumah‘s govern- ment has swung away from its earlier flirtation with the om- munist economic bloc A year ago it asked for British and Can- adian cadres to train its armies

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Soviet aircraft. hinting a desire to trade them back for trawlers. This year the trend has cort- tinued, in internal as well as ex- ternal politics. Mr. Nkrumah's often authoritarian government has quietly mellowed on a num- r of issues recently. Former Ghanaian trade commissioner to London E.G. Butterworth re- ports in the Manchester Guard- ian that moderation is apparent in at least four moves The Bishop of Accra, expelled last fall for criticizing the re- gime, has' not only been permit- ted to return but recently has had dinner with Mr. Nkrumah. Joe Appiah, a onetime friend of the president's jailed for op- 1 position. was recently released. ‘ Messrs. Edusei and Bot-Sic, twa close advisers of Nkrumah who were apparently dismissed for their orthodox economic pol- icies when Marxist-inclined min- isters were in the ascendancy. have now returned to power, while the leftists find themselves in cust

PUBLIC

FORUM

The World Bank is reportedly being asked to help in the forma- tion a Ghanaian national in- vestment bank.

These m o v e 5 help confirm ‘ what first became apparent last year. Like Egypt. Iraq. a nd Guinea, Ghana has swung back from its natural inclination to look Eastward after years of en- forced Western tutelage. It has shed what looked like pro-Soviet neutrality and returned to a pos- ition of strict nonalignment. It will take trade from whichever side offers the best prices (and quality) without strings.

CANDIDATES WARN ED

HAMILTON (CP) — Federal election candidates were warned by Hamilton Tuesday that they can be fined if they clutter up trees on city property with campaign posters. Streets Com- missioner William Muirhead said “it doesn't become a cit

. must prepare for a

of this size" to have signs nailed up on publc property.

Early Learning Assu res Widows

01" Late Income

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen

THE FRAILTY of the Amer- ican male frequently is judged by the number of widows in this country. There is no doubt that the woods are full of them (8% million) as a result of the high- er mortality among men. In 1961. according to Metropolitan Life's Statistical Bulletin, 550,- 000 wives became wl Somewhat halt the total under age 60.

CW! were

B s (lily pan of story. Statistical studies show that the survivors may anticl- pate many years of widowhood. Three of every four women who are widowed at age 45 can ex- pect to live '15 years or longer. This information is of practical value because the survivor long life after the death of her spouse. This Increase in longevity re- flects the good health of the average woman.

The bulletin says more than two-thirds of all widows main. tain a household of their own and a large proportion have children or other relatives liv- ing with them. Serious econom- ic problems occur, ' lly among the y o u n g er wome with children under 18.

Many seek gainful employ- ment and 21/: million widows are said to be working full or part time. Some have trouble finding a job because of age or lack of skill. In my opinion, there is no better insurance for a young woman than to learn a profession such as nursing or secretanlal work. She may never need this training after marriage, but. it would become a valuable asset should the death of the breadwinner break up the family.

Adequate insurance ls helpful but the best solution to the problem is to keep that husband of yours healthy. Stress modera- tion in all things, normal weight, a balanced diet. exercise, ade- quate sleep. and an annual va-

cation.

All work and no play m ay make Jack a dull buy. But it is more likely to make his wife a rich young widow.

VARICOSE ULCER H.M. writes: I have varicose veins and bumped one of them. An ulcer developed which heals for a while but breaks open again. Can these sores be cured?

REPLY Yes. Temporary improvement can be obtained by mining in bed with the leg elevated 4 to 6 inches or by wearing elastic stockings or bandages. Perman- ent. relief follows eliminatiion of

the causative varicose ve n. FAINTNESS AFTER SMOKING

J.M. writes: I ju st started ,smoking a short time ago.

t Could this be the cause of spells . of faintness and shortness of

breath? I had a medical check- up recently and the doctor did not find anything wrong.

Y

EPL This is a good possibility. if you are sensitive to nicotine. Stop smoking. If symptoms dis- appear, you have the answer.

EFFECTS OF SMOKING L. writes: I know that smok- ing affects the nervous system and lungs, but wonder if it has an ill effect upon the eyes. REPLY

Yes. Smoke may irritate the outer layers of and the nicotine may affect circula- tion to the retina. Overindul- gence may disturb the optic nerve, leading to toxic ambly- opts.

TODAY'S HEALTH HINT— Self-pity never helped any- body.

For the purpose of constitution and lay-laws

APPREHENSIVE

Sin—Next year we celebrate the centennial of Confederation in its bi rt hplace. our dear Prince Edward Island. This is very fitting and proper. Thous- ands of visitors will come from far and near to rejoice with us.

But we are filled with appre- hension when we ear rumors that more outlets for Intoxicat- ing liquors arc to be opened 0 the occasion. The question nat- urally comes to our minds, the forthcoming celebration go- ing to be a baz-chanalian revelry,

-e. .1

a Roman holiday, or is it to an historic Occasion, that will il- luminate the pages of history. which generations of Islanders yet u n b o r n may read with pride?

I am. Sir. etc.

J. HARRISON MacFARLANE Bedeque. P.E.I. CROSSING ACCIDENTS

Sin—There have been sev- eral accidents at railway crossings this w l n ter, some fatal; and only the other day we read where a train hit a snowplough at a crossing and its almost fatal results make us wonder what we should do about this. Going east with a newspa- perman last week one day we took notice of the da 11 gerous crossing at Tracadle, where a man almost met his and recent- ly, and also looked at the wo dangerous crossings in Mount Stewart village and another a llttlc further on.

We looked at the two very dame-row ‘

right in the village. and a third i one on the Red Head Road in l the same village night on a hill; and there are plenty others. No matter where those crossings are. in the open or in a woode section, they are all death traps and especially those In the busy villages.

Would it not be safe to say that at those main highway crossings there are a thousand cars to every train. 50, why not change the law to make it nec- essary for trains to stop there and the enginemcn to see if all

be I is clear, then toot tool and go.

Could not one. two or three out trains stop with less Inconveni- ence and delay than a thousand cars? Is the-re not much more life at stake hi all these cars. busses and trucks than in on freight train travelling at no set time day or night? If this had been done last fall beta-c the wither trains started again how much misery and loss of human title could have been saved. Let's change the law now and make it that trains must stop at level crossings and see that all is clear and then go on their way. The loss in tlmc is only a frac- tion in the endless chasm of tlrne. No one wants accidents. no one wants to be crushed by a train. no one wants to see a car at a crossing unable to stop as the iron monster mshes onto