I

THE GUARDIAN

Pubn had every weekday manual II 18 Prince liner. Cnsr lnitetown. P.E.l.. by The Thomson Company Limited "Covers Prlnu ldwsrl Island l..l.ks the Dow" Editor. Frank Walker General Ilnnusr. in A. Burnett

Iranch offices st Surnmerstde. Montague and Alberusn. Aumo ixed as Second Class hlsll by the Post Oilfcs Department. WI.

Iy ('srner: Charlottetown. Summerside s15.oo per annum; Elsewhere in P,E.l. 89.00. other Provinces and (LI. ll1.ot Par nnnum

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink."

WEDNESDAY. MAR. 23. H5!

A Worcl For The U. N.

The United Nations Organization is perhaps less highly thought of at the present moment than at any other time in the almost ten years of its existence. In the United States especially there is a general air of distrust with respect to the organization's functions and purposes; and some influential politicians are openly sug- gesting that the country should withdraw its membership and support at the earliest possible opportunity. For the present it seems likely that other counsel will pre- vail: but in recent weeks, due chiefly to the failure of UN attempts to free the imprisoned American airmen from captiv- ity in Communist China, the public in- dignation has increased very considerably.

It is, therefore, a bit of important news when a diplomat of some standing goes out of his way to say a good word for the U. N. This is what Sir Leslie Munro, New Zealand's ambassador to the United States and permanent delegate to the United Nations, did the other day in an address before a group of journalists in New York. Without trying to cover up the organization's failings, shortcom- ings. and limitations. Sir Leslie maintain- ed that the General Assembly "provides an arena in which the pressure of world opinion can be brought to bear upon the lntemationally delinquent" i and proceeded to show how, in his opinion, the U. N. holds out the only hope for peace.

Perhaps the chief cause of widespread discontent with respect to the U. N. is not anything the organization has done or failed to do. but the impatience with which the peoples of the world looked to s new experiment in international rela- tions to undo in a few years the folly and mischief of many centuries.

Judged by what it has actually achiev- ed in places where its military and diplo- matic strength has been put to the test- Kores or Indo-China, for instance-the U. N.'s record may not be particularly impressive; but that tells only part of the story. No one is in a position to say what would have happened when the cold war fell on the world if there had been no international arena in which the var- lous disputanu could argue their claims and counterclaim: with vehemence. The fact that much of the debate has been fruitless is neither here nor there.

Again in The News

The strategic importance of Fezzan, desert province deep in the hinterland of North Africa's newly independent king- dom of Libya, is again highlighted as French and Libyan governments debate icventual withdrawal of French troops garrisoned there. Thirteen years ago an armored Free French column from the Lake Chad region to the south suddenly seized several fortified Axis outposts set up at oases of Fezzan, then part of Italy's Libya colony. Although the attackers shortly retired with a booty of prisoners and captured weapons, the action was one of the most dramatic and morale-lifting events in the early stages of the battle for North Africa. Later France took over -I complete control of Fezzan province, while 3,'1he British administered the other Libyan Ndivisions, Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. Both ihntions, however. bowed out in 1951 when ,-Libya, by United Nations vote, gained in- ”-ilependence under the Amir of Cyrenaica. fnqw His Majesty Idris el Senussi of the -,..5c.i)lerated kingdom. i Today, as in centuries long past, Fez- '2an"s location on essential routes between the African heartland and the Mediter- ranean gives the region international sig-

MA

I 'fnificance far beyond its economic value.

i'l'he Roman historian Pliny described two ” caravan trails still followed across Fezzan iuby oasis-hopping travelers. In the 18505 i German explorer Heinrich Barth push- south from Tripoli over one of these entmosds when he made his famous tific expedition to central Sudan by ,5 y of the Sahara. ..;. Feusn itself offers its inhabitants a A and meager life. In a land nearly ”lsrge ancsllfornls, two huge sandy spread over most of the western half. Rocky, barren mountain ranges rate these deserts and also rise som- I Summer tam-

......aru-.

I A

i

when it does the suddgn downpour may take lives and dmtroy the simple mud houses.

Yet a surprising amount of lifegiving water is stored in Fenan's lowland de- pressions-in sink holes, in a few salty or fresh lakes, and under the precious wadies or dry river channels. Around fertile

export crop; tend their almond, fig and" pomegranate orchards; and work their

barley, wheat and millet. Nomad groups wander to the fringes of the oasis country in search of greener pastures for their flocks. But the majority of Fezzan's 40,- 000 to 50,000 people live in such settle-

air base), and the old provincial capital, ,Mur2uch.

Economic Aid For Asia

American economic aid to countries in

led ”underdeveloped" areas. Since De cember 1954 S555 million have been al

come to almost 32 billion. year ending next June 30 more than 55 billion will have been spent for various military and economic programmes under mutual security agreements. This repre- sents, in the words of the report, a "sig- nificant acceleration" in aid for Asia. One reason for the stepped-up pro- gramme is Europe's economic recovery which has come much sooner than has been expected. Another is that, at the moment, the greater danger from Com- munist infiltration has been shifted from Europe to the Far East. The report puts it this way: ”Together, the underdevelop- ed countries hold the bulk of the worlds population, occupy the largest part of its land area, constitute the major source of its key minerals and raw materials. and contain many of its most valuable military bases. If these resources should fall.un- der Soviet influence, the road to the Com- munist end goal of world domination would be made relatively smooth." But, regardless of the motive or motives be- hind the increased expenditures, the fig- ures do refute the Communist propaganda, that is being circulated all over the East, that the United States has no interest in the economic welfare of Asiatics. An ap- propriation of over S500 million in a three month period, for purely 9C0"0mlC development unrelated to military mat- ters, is, surely, some evidence of good-

will.

EDITORIAL NOTES

According to Government sources, Can- ada's unemployed increased by at least 16,000 in February, the number of persons jobless and seeking work rising to a post- war high level of 379,000 on February 10.

. Q 0

A speaker before the Ontario Crop and Soil Improvement Association says that potatoes are not fattening; it's the butter that goes on them that makes the waist- line to bulge. Surely, the dairy industry is not going t.o permit that opinion to go unchallenged.

Cancer is now second only to accidents as a cause of death among children, says the Canadian Cancer Society. Statistics for 1953 reveal that 398 children under the age of 15 died of the disease. Total cancer deaths for this year were 19,180, with 89 percent of the victims over 45.

Something of the world-wide influence of Rotary is reflected in the report that Egypt is observing the 50th anniversary of the club's beginning by issuing a special postage stamp bearing the likeness of Paul Harris, the Wisconsin lawyer who 'founded the organization.

I O O ,

Ross Thatcher of the OCF is a cour- ageous man. as shown by his proposal that the present 4970 Corporation Income Tax be reduced considerably, even though his party officially is opposed to any such reduction. This is not the first time that Mr. Thatcher has taken an independent stand. Perhaps the Commons could do with a few more members of the same

temperament.

"Big Bertha" began shelling Paris this date, 1918. from the forest of Coucy at a range of 76 miles. The bombardment ex- tended over 140 days, firing taking place about every third day. In all. 256 people were killed; the mostlserious loss was caused on Good Friday, -March 29, when 156 were killed or wounded in the church of St. Gervsls. 'l'iIe gun was s hlgh-vel- oclty pleas of 8.28 in. calibre (later ne- tubsdtolsrgerborelzltwsssbout 110 ft.

oases the people cluster with their few : domestic animals. There they cultivate 2 dates, the province's chief resource and l

small farm plots for subsistence crops of '

ments as Brach, Debha (site of a French ;

In a report to Congress the Unitedl States Foreign Operations Administration -' gives some informative figures regarding V

the Far East and especially in the so-cal- 3 located for purposes other than military; :

during the same period military aid has ' For the fiscal O

l W'-

X A, -NelosIte - i Roam seen

' in 'CiTY....

OTTAWA REPORT

A busy year is planned for the program of gradually improving the lay-out of our Capital City and beautifying this heart of our nation.

To carry out this program. in co-operation with Ottawa's mun- icipal government, the Federal District Commission was formed by Sir Wilfrid Laurier in 1899.

Then in 1945, Mackenzie King co-opted the eminent French town planner, Monsieur Jules Creber. as consult t in laying out the Ottawa of tomorrow. M. Greber's long-range plan for an improved lay-out and zoning of our National Capital will take 50 years to ma- ture. At the end of that time, this fast-grown city of government will really be a subject of pride for Canadians and admiration for tourists.

Meanwhile, the F. D. C. is granted a modest annual sum from Canadian taxpayers, to pay for step-by-step improvements implementing the National Cap- ital Plan, and to cover the main- tenance of federally-owned land in Ottawa and district. This land includes the grounds of Govern- ment House and of the official residence of our Prime Ministers; ' covers the scenic driveways and the national parkland with- in the 900 square miles designated as the National Capital District.

-CAPITAL BY CHANCE

Ottawa was neither founded nor designed to be the Capital of this rising nation. It had its origin in a temporary camp for the en- gineers of the Imperial Army who were building the Rideau Canal 17.5 years ago. it developed as n roistering shanty-town hous- ing the transient lumbermen of 100 years ago. it was selected by Queen Victoria to be the Capital of the new Confederation of Cann- dlan Colonies in 1867, not because it had positive merits but because it lacked the demerits and rival- ries of other possible choices.

No town lies between Ottawa and the North Pole. It. is still in some respects a rough and ready sub-arctic village. Queen Victoria, being no fsiry godmother. could not ameliorate it overnight into a beauty spot as readily as her royal whim did convert it in- to our capital. Sir wilfrld Lsurler deplored it as "neither a hand- some city, nor one that appears to be destined to become one."

But his vision and determination

NOTES BY

Automobile designers. who work several years ahead, are current- ly toying with darker colors, ac- cording to a news item from De- troit lf between now and then these two-tone jobs get any gaudl- er, a lot of innocent pedestrians are going to be colorblind.

-Stratford Beacon-Herald.

Every Cnnsdlnn hns s light to know how his elected representa- tives do his business. And every Canadian has s right to suspect that secrecy indicates there is something to hide. This news- paper has pointed out repeatedly the danger that continually creeps into government all the way from village level to Ottawa level. That danger is closed meetings and secret deals. -Vancouver Province.

on the pavement. not far from my office. a street flower seller has his pitch. Like our- selves. he believes in the writ- ten word to the extent, indeed, of attracting his custom- ers' attention with messages chalked on s blackboard. These often dlsplsu s macabre humor such as the grsvedluer in "Ham- let" might envy. "You Don't Like My Flowers? They'll Grow on You in the End". But more recently when the weather was at its sulklest and his flowers were frscklsd with. not. he took "If: Busi-

ness srnelh" was he could bear to write. z-imdsn Tlmss.

protected punishnssnt they're involved in mischief ssd

lung. weighed 142 tons. and fired a 264 lb. dull.

lICIll(ht1IostdfIQ&'i..

A Welcome Bird

The Federal Capital

By Patrick Nicholson

i.

started Ottawa on the road to be- coming a handsome city, when he founded the Federal District Commission.

The implementation of the Na- tional Capital Plan is handicapped by the dual control. of federal and T ' ' gover is With a bitter parsimony. both contin- ually shirk the essential cost. of tearing down the unsanitary cen- tury-old shacks and replacing them with broad boulevards and imposing edifices.

The Federal Government is n cuckoo in Ottawa's nest. contri- buting far less than its fair share towards civic costs on its huge tax-exempt federal buildings. The residents of Ottawa rightly re- sent the conception that they should subsidise this cuckoo by paying taxes on a scale higher ghan in other cities.

DOLLAR-DILATORINESS

The result is that neither side has moved with the speed. imag- ination and liberalily which could swiftly remove the leprous acres scarring our capigal.

Ottawa National Capital Plan has been translated into a huge model of an impressive and beau- tiful city. This model has been exhibited and admired all over Canada. But it is a tortuous road from model to implementation.

The Federal and the Ottawa

municipal government obviously both find their present relation- ship made impossible by their conflict of interests and their subservience to the periodic rule of qhe ballet box. Many officials and observers here foresee as the only practicable and fair solution the creation of the National Capital District as a federal area, under the direct con- lrol of the federal government. Its taxpayers would be assessed. at a fair level comparable to rates in other cities, and federal funds would make good the balance of the excess cost of making over and maintaining our capital in the standard which our nation deserves.

But even if the National Capital Plan is advancing loss swiftly than the plane . would like, our Capital is yet our own-d' finctlve. attractive and boasting its own rugged beauty in the Parliament Buildings set on their natural riverside eminence. and happy with its beautiful and quiet tree-

Dsysngpssplswsdlslssu, fnm win

lined residential sections.

THE WAY l

That's what the Gilbert Youth

Research Co. of New York has found in interviewing more than 4.500 teen-ngers in 35 cities across the nation. More than half thought that delinquents weren't ” ” 4

l The Age Old Story

They which are the children of the flesh, these In not the child- ren of God.

stein of Germany. Cockcroft of England. the Curies of England and Poland - even back to De- mocritus in Greece." -Inter- national News Service.

, ' of driver's licenses will be more real punishment than fines. "This certainly is a way of getting at those who are a menace on the highways. Firstly. they take the guilty ones off the roads for a longer time. Second- ly, they act as a deterrent to other drivers. Drlvlng of an auto- mobile is s part of our way of life on this continent. It comes almost as automatically as eat- ing. sleeping and working. Many who would not complain much about a fine will think twice aliout the loss of driving rights."

--Windsor Star.

A rnscnlly character in n so- nent play spoke of bottling me sir at health resorts and selling it to the public for a fee. This does seem as ridiculous in princi- ple now as it did then. since re- cent studies of the subject have convinced us that free sir. -the kind we breathe, is not usually fresh. The magnitude of the prob- lem of merely breathing is illus- trated dramatically by figures on Chicago's battle against airborne dust in the last. year. An average monthly dust fall of 55.9 tons per square mile descended on that metropolis. A record of 103.! tons per square mile fell in March. Where it all goes, nobody knows -or, at least, not f says. But it certainly helps us understand how ancient Troy and other cities of antiquity came to be buried several layers deep before histor- lnl Wmmllllll for old ruins dug them up. -Gait Reporter.

Political innocence

(Winnipeg Free Press)

Saskatchewan Liberals m I s t have squlrmed s bit last week when they read Mr. Hows's dsfoncs

Loptson to the bonrdof grain com- missioners. Mr. Howe told the Commons that when the appoint- ment was made he wasn't swarr that Mr. Inptson's father was in public life. a

It is true that " skntchewnn Liberals have not made much of an impact on Ottawa in the .put

of the appointment of Mr. Stanley M

Medically Speaking uernns N. lundssen. IIJ).

DISORDER OF THE COLON I8 COMMON T0 WOMEN

commonsense should tell you that you are more susceptible to disease and body disorders if you are hurried. anxious. tense and have irregular eating habits.

If you have these health "vices." and also use laxatives and enc- mss frequently. you are apt in get mucous colitis. '

This is a fairly common dis- order. especially prevalent among the wealthy. which usually begins in early middle life. Most of the victims are women.

The first symptom ordinarily is long-continued constipation. Your bowel movements will be hard. dry and covered with mu- cua. Every now and then. you may have an attack of diarrhea.

You probably will have pain over the lower part of your abdo- men. which occasionally will pass into your back, land you'll undoubt- edly complain of headaches. sleep- lessness and tiredness.

Treatment of mucous colitis is one of the most trying jobs doc- tors have. Both psychological and

" ' measures must be used.

Probably, you will greatly on- aggerate your symptoms. Even though the passage of mucus is accompanied by no other symp- toms, patients usually become in- tensely agitated.

Dlatrncllng Your Mind

You can help your own cause by doing everything possible to take your mind off your condi- tion. This is not a serious condi- tion. You must understand that.

You must also understand that your headaches. inability to sleep and tiredness are not caused by the disorder in your colon. but by something else.

As for physical treatment, first of all, youlve got to break the lax- ative-and-enema habit.

Your diet should consist of low- residue foods. A void all uncooked green fruits or vegetables with skins. I think you will find the diet I outlined yesterday helpful.

Don't smoke.

Get all the rest and relaxation you can. Maybe even s week or two in bed is what you need.

Heat is Helpful

Apply heat to your abdomen by means of a hot. water bottle or a heating pad. This probably will help relieve the symptoms.May- be your doctor will advise drugs such as atropine, too.

If you have no bowel movement for three days. you can take an enema of warm oil. But, above all form regular habits. Eat regu- ulsrly and try to move your bow. air at the same time each day.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

L. L. D.: What gland causes superfluous hair under a '3 chin. and what can be done for it? Answer: Probably tag but method to remove superfluous hair is by the electric needle. Excess- lV9 llllf may also be removed by depilatories. but with this method the hair grows again.

A skin specialist might I); con. 'llll9d regarding the removal of superfluous hair. .

Mr. 1lowe's time has been largely II "9 recently with high level deallnsn. of various kinds. Never- theless. it is a bit shattering that the name of Loptson should havg failed to register with him. Mr. Loptson's father. Mr. Ag. 111005"? 1-Optson -- better known I! Mlnly - has sat in the Sank. ntchewan Legislature since 1948, Eslbas been such an effective thorn in the side of the CCF that when Mr.lWniter Tucker gave up the provincial leadership to return to greener Liberal fields at Ottawa Mr. Ioptson Sr. was made acting Liberal leader in the provincial House. He served in that cap- :15:Jl3l;fsI:n:lIl! In new leader was elect- n ortunntely, am; his virtues b wanting? avs goncuuirnotlced by vernmeuf. It was left so Mr. Gardiner. he says. to arm Mr. Eowes attention the politic lllllmlon of Mn Loplson Sr. But nlls well that ends well. Mr. H9". ll9Clll0i'l lllli. on his merits. ML 1-0Pl80n was the best man '0? the vacancy on the board of train commissioner; it is ahegr fortuitiousness that he has good