_ wwsr- ~ '-

Uleiond, have a stoke in the conference which

- receiving other grants.

h .

GUARDIAN

llvrllls M": (Iennled in seer) Authorised as tleeona Class lull. Pest Offles - Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publishing 0e.

In"? W" llllllill Director, J. ls. BnrIeK|

Associate Editor, Iran! Wllker

‘(The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.“

IFCIIABLOTTETOWN, THURSDAY, SEPT. 9, 1948.

‘lire iieaitlr Conference

‘All the Provinces, including Prince Edward

. has been called this'week at Ottawa to discuss matters connected with the new Federal health Yserviccs and health insurance policy. The pol- ‘Iicy, as announced lost May by Prime Minister ;_Mocl<enzie King, involves on expenditure of thirty million dollars in the form of Federal grants, to be divided among the Provinces on \ o per copita basis. Each provincial grant is to {be subdivided under the following specific head- ilings: crippled children, professional training, ‘(hospital construction, venereal disease control, unental -health, tuberculosis control, public health ‘iesearch, health survey, general public health, "and cancer control. Already a Provincial Health Planning Com- mission under the chairmanship of Dr. J. H. Show, has been established in this Province. Fin- anced by the health service grant, its formation ‘was one of the obligations to be assumed before

This week's conference ot Ottawa has to do in part with provincial use of the profes- sional training grant, which for this Province amounts to $7,473. This grant is for the specific purpose of training public health and hospital personnel.

The total grant for professional training purposes for all the Provinces amounts to $500,- 000, and is mode on the basis of o flat amount of $4,000 to each Province and the balance ac- ‘cording to population. The grant to Prince ‘Edward Island on such a basis will scarcely "cover minimum requirementnond it is hoped with the consent of the other lProvlnces on oddl- tionoi sum may be obtained. 'ln any event, the conference, at which this Province is being rep- resented by Health Minister A. W. Matheson, is important as marking the beginning of a na- tional health scheme which may have far-reoch- ing social ramifications. I

t_>.

The Late lllr. Johnston I

p‘?

In the death yesterday of Hon. J. J. Jolhn- lton, K.C., the legal profession in the Moritimes has lost one of its most outstanding members. _A former Attorney General in the Bell Govern- ment, ‘he proved both on able administrator and deboter, but he was a man of toe much mental vigor and independence to run easily in harness. When he did not see eye to eye with his cabinet colleagues he frankly said so, and some of his most brilliant retorts in the Legis- lature were occasioned by disagreements with his own leader. Nevertheless he was a staunch champion of Liberal policies and o formidable opponent in several hard-fought campaigns.

' As a criminal lawyer, Mr, Johnston had few equals and no superiors. His encyclopaedic knowledge of oil phases of the law, his phen- omenal memory, his ready wit and ability to present the rnost complicated matters in clear and convincing terms, served him time and again in the conduct of cases which have gone to make legal history in this Province. He was also out- standing as o corporation counsel, and made rhany successful appearances in this connection before the Supreme Court of Canada.

Those privileged to know Mr. Johnston in- ‘timotely were owa-re of his genial disposition, his keen insight into men and affairs, and his skill as o narrator of entertaining and instruc- iive anecdotes. To his ripe experience of the Bar he added Lord Macauiay's talent for omni- rerous reading, being able seemingly to absorb the contents of a whole page at o glance. This gpplied not only to legal tomes but to works of

istory, biography, fiction and other subjects in Yhich he appeared equally at home, and from ‘which he was seldom at a loss to cap a quota- lion or illustration.

Mr. Johnston was devoted to his home and family, and it is in the family circle that his loss will naturally be most keenly felt. Sincere sym- Eothy is extended in this connection to his creaved widow and sons and daughters.

Cigarette Expansion

_i_-

s, Everybody smokes todlay more or less, so much so thct a shortofl of tobacco may create p. poli-tica-l crisis, as it did in London recently. . he news-papers and politicians were up in arms pver a cigarette shortage. The Labour Govern- event met in o special session to consider the ‘problem. Thlus (says the Free Press) in little are than 100 years, the cigarette has grown Vrom an effeminote habit to a national need. "The unique position of tobacco in the mod-

brn world was appreciated during the war when it seemed sometimes to occupy a priority slight- ly ahead of munitions and slightly behind food. In liberated Europe, the cigarette had an even higher rating. It became in the defeated na- tions the basis of almost the entire economy. ”Now in Britain, the shortage is regarded ipserioue enough to require urgent cabinet at- ‘t ‘on. No one can tell what would happen to mtien cut off suddenly from its supply of flags" and rrd doubt opponents of smoking would ally that it would be better off for it, but politic- I at any rate such an event is regarded as ssible. ‘Ne matter what the cost in hard- ned and hard-borrowed dollars, Britain will e to continue buying tobacco and honest ia tobacco, not any of this queer stuff

~ EDITORIAL. NOTES —

Twelve governments in three years as in France, is an all-time record, and a warning ta those who would resort to group representa- tion in preference to the two-party system.

' i I i I

Private saving and the spirit of independ- ence are at a discount today. Ontario's Welfare Minister W. A. Goodfellow hos warned that if

pie will need public assistance by i968. Where the funds are to c_ame fr.om he did not say.

A recent headline in on Ottawa paper pro- claimed that Corleton Place had beaten the income Tox. Further reading revealed, not a scheme for tox avoidance, but the result of a softball genre.

Britain's Trade Union Congress are holding a five day sessionot Murgate. With a Labour Government in power the decisions of the T. U. C. are very nearly the equivalent of statements of government policy. i‘ I i Sir Stafford Cripps, Chancellor of the Ex- chequer, did not in so many words promise, "Blood, sweat and tears" to the Trades Union Congress assembled at Morgate but he did tell them that what was needed is not higher wages and shorter hours but more and better produc- tion. I Mr. St. Laurent‘s coll for a North Atlantic security system would probably evoke a greater response from the United States ond Britain if at the moment Canada were not allowing North Atlantic security to be protected by Australia, New Zealand and South Africa without our aid. U

I i e

Two of the resolutions passed at the Leg- ion Convention at Souris dealt with the prob- lem of veterans’ housing. There will be little chance of islanders winning prizes offered by D.V.A. for development of small holdings, for instance, unless it is practical ‘for thern to occupy o small holdirlg in the first place.

It ls something to have recorded on marble that this Province was denounced in both the United States and England in the some week for having enacted o labour low in favour of the Many as opposed to the Few in the corn- munity; and that the Government reacted. The announcement by the Premier that Island labour legislation will be modified as to licensing and with respect to non-residents will be gen- erolly welcomed. Present legislation is defin- _lte of an emergency nature and the whole pro lem needs to be considered to arrive or a

present trends continue 80 per cent of the peo- r

THE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTFETOWN ..

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PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discussion by correspondents 0f questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily endorse the opinion of correspondents.

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CONSERVATIVE LEADERSHIP

Sir —- I read 1n the Public Forum column of this morning's Guardian an article sifted “J.E.G.." which would appear to be such as svc-uld be expected to errmnate from a traitor to our Nation and yet assaying to advisg the electors thereof 1n their choice of e. leading representative to direct the destinies or Canada,

Thank Heaven we are still subjects of the King and 5:111 under the British flag and united even If some sheep that enjoyed hitherto and still enjoy their pm. tection would fain stray away find expect others to follow. But lei: us as a partly, come what. may, 9V9!‘ avoid any of the thought which would appear to be ex. pressed 1n “J.E.G.s" letter, where. ever found. whether 1n any

satisfactory solution. I

I I O

"We shall always have the loud-mouthed

don-ger to any such extent as the convention

can Business. "What we need to do is to sell

enterprise itself. ducts and services, and if those products and

no one is going to find much fault with the system which turned out those products." I O Q i

1513, resulting in the d-efeat and death of the

about 10,000 men. it was on overthrow which spread sorrow and dismay through Scotland, and was long remembered as one of the greatest

more so, as James had no just cause for going to war with ‘England, and cond-ucted it like on imbecile. it is pitiable, even at this distance of time, to think of o people “having their in- terests committed to the care of one so ill equip- ped for the trust; the Many suffering so much through the infatuation of One. D I Q fl

This is what one Ottawa correspondent says of the coming Conservative convention: Bracken House is reported to be building up a volumin- ous file, for purposes not immediately appor- ent, of the good sound advice now being offer- ed gratis. Most of it comes from Conserva- tives who have their own ideas as to how the convention should proceed. But a surprisingly high proportion is available from staunch Lib- erol and Socialist sources which seem to be tak- ing a fraternal interest in the affair. The ques- tion of motive being unsettled, the handy hints of the latter are subject to o scrutiny at P.C. headquarters comparable only to that which the Gouzenka espionage documents received of the hands of the R.C.M.P. and o Royal Commis- sion several yeors ago. Whatever the quality of the tips, the quantity is im ressive. As one top-ranking Conservative o served glumly: "You'd think we'd never held o convention be- fore." But while ‘they are generally conceded by all—or almost oll—to be experts in the mot- ter of conventions, the P.C.’: are taking no chancesvwith this one. Their meetings will be held in the some place as the Liberal sessions last month, using all of their rival’: facilities, improved in the light of the greater P.C. con- vention experience. Always on the alert for new wrinkles, the Conservatives scouted the Liberals like big leaguers, (they entered as news- men representing the official P.C. newspaper) and had on observer at the C. C. F.'s Winnipeg sessions. The gentlemen of His Majesty's loyal Opposition ore going to go the whole hog in the matter of convention credentials. A descrip- tion from an authoritative source of what Broc- ken House has in mind, is intriguing. "The credentials", says this source, "though smaller in size, are net too dissimilar to stock certifi- cates, each bordered with o different color for the different classes of delegates, and each

the Balkans or Igpt."

numbered/f

critics-perhaps they are good for us, but even after listening to many of them, we cannot be- lieve that the private enterprise system is in speakers would have us believe," says Ameri- the product of private enterprise, and then we will not have to worry about selling private if we sell enough of its pro-

services are sound, and good and fairly priced,

The bottle of Flodden was fought this date

Scottish King, James IV, the slough-ter of nearly thirty of his nobles and chiefs, and the loss of

calamities ever sustained by the nation, all the

known or named as honourable or otherwise, 1f possessed at such idea. Any such 1f they should ignore the British flag and what. it represents would be traitors to their K1115 and Country and to the cause of justice, grandam 3nd

good -wl11 as exemplified 1n our British tradition which 0111- sovereign ruler and flag w111

always remind us of. and which l! lxrmred would reduce s now united Canada to the status of decadent nations who 115v, no; been blessed with the fyepdom that we now enjoy; and let no man in Canada who has the we]. is" °i hi! will“!!! at heart asst his ballot. for any man who g. not prepared to uphold the m. diflflns of freedom and justice handed down to us by our fore. fathers under the flag undq- which every loyal subject of the fln-ph-g still serves.

The arguments which "J.E.G." "i! {fills l! Min: "exceptionally sound are on the contrary rotten at the core, In outlook, they 136k "19 Very rudiments of responsible

government and sound states- menship, I em Sir, gm, CANADIAN BOIR. _ Charlottetown. N

Nothing To Boast About

(Globe and Mail)

A rather flamboyant despatcl tells of Immigrants "pourlng mo: Canada with e flood that. rival: way Into Canada. In the tlrrca that of the lush boom years of the 1920's." Whatever else boom- ed in those "lush years," immlgn tron, relatively speaking. did non Even so 1n the three years (1921- 29) before the depression, more than 490,000 emigrants made ohelr years since the 1am. war ended the total of newcomers 1s considerably 13415-000. And 1t. should be ve- rnembered that. many of those or» the wives and chlmren scqulreo by Canadian troops during ineir long soyourn overseas.

In any case, s comparison wmr the 1920's 1s frrelevont. 1t 1s 10'. s matter of what. happened then. but. what we need and should do now. An immigration policy "rat is satisfied to match the record of the previous poet-war peril." is n policy which recognizes no difference between social condit- ions created 1n Europe by th- fu-st war and the infinitely mars terrible oner produced by the sed- ond. Nor does 1t allow for the difference 1n opportunities, then and now. which wise lesdersh‘; would exploit.

Accordim tn the International Refugee Organisation ln Geneva. Great. Britain hse absorbed more thrrn three times u many refu- gees and displaced persons over the lest. twelve months s: sny other country in the world. ll ll

Tile Age-Bill Story

All string-s are yours. whether Peal or Appollna or Cephne er the

world, or Ilfe or death, or things present or to come. sllereyaarg.

World Dairy Production

(Canadian Bankjrf Commerce Letter)

An almost. universal short-air n. dairy products has been a now-1- able element 1n rho. world mod situation for several years. Sev- ere losses Ln cattle and farm man-power. inadequate supplies of fertilizer and general drsrup tion of agriculture were rcpsorr- sible for a sharp decline 1n Ila:- ope, including Britain, during uire last war. Poor feed grain crops m 1947 throughout. most. of that area as well as 1n Canada, aggravated the difflculues affecting the 1.11:" industry in several countries. a1 though coma-Canada, the United States. Sweden and ArSBHI-lnfl- were able to maintain their 1:0- ductlon above pre-rwar levels. Es:- ly this year. however. both (Jan- ada and the Unit-ed States MY- the full impact of various unfav» arable dairying condulons to such an extent. as to more than offset improvement elsewhere. The not. result. was, according to the Uni; ed States Department of Armor."- sure (11, a sharp drop 1n mam:- factured dairy products. for s large group of countries for whose output. records are available, duf- lng the first. quarter of 1948 from the like period of the preceding year, with the greatest losses oc- curing in the United States, out with considerable declines also 1n Canada. Denmark, France and New Zealand. Production of bu.- ter, cheese and canned milk dur- ing the period 1n question 1n the countries reporting was about 10 per cent. less than last. year. Th‘ drop 1n dried milk output. was about. 5 per cent. In fact, during the first six months o! this year less butter was produced 1n Can- ada than 1n the corresponding period of any year back to 19.15 (except. 19441), and the make-Ibo million pounds—wae nearly 3° million less than the peak 1.n the first. half of 1941. Last. year's feed grain shortages in Ontario an! Quebec. roupled with below-aver- age supp11es on the Prairies and distribution difficulties, were one chief causes. But. the export, of over 60,000 head of dairy cattle to the United States so far durrng the present year must. also be borne in mind as e factor 1n cur- talllng this country's butter uro- ductlon. The picture 1n Canada 1s not. altogether gloomy, however as ample feed 1s now assured ir. Ontario this year and probably also 1n Quebec. Certain areas 1.1 the Prairies. however. W119" V611 late seeding was followed by

true that. Britain can use labor. both skilled and unskilled, bo fun £111 her gigantic rebuilding and export- program. But those wnurr she absorbed were given esyiua- regardleu of skfil. age, sex or physical fitness.

In the long view, the United Kingdom must. dispose of at least ten million people 1n order t.» make e true adjustment. between population and economic oppor tunlty. There 1s little hope that more than thirty-five million can be maintained 1n the United King- dom on what we would consider s modest- standard of living.

How differently must. Canada view the future! So much space ll available end there 1s so much to rbe done to make that space habitable. And it. can be done. 1f 1t. 1s possible by human folly u‘ make arid deserts nut. of fort-Lia areas, and dust bowls out. of ver- dant, plains, it. 1s possible also by Initiative and ingenuity to corr- serve and make better. fuller 11M of the resources we have.

The Canadian immigration pro-

ln neighborly friendship wnroh might. bring its reward, es bread cast. upon the waters so often does. We have scarcely taken from Greet Britain so many hung-y mouths ls she has taken from the refugee and displaced persons camps. We. who can feed peonie end put. them to productive work, must. bow to the greater cherry of s nation whose weekly euon

per fernll would scarcely provide the mid ey meals of e Clnedln household.

We ere making the worst of both worlds. We do not. deserve the blessing of the gods end we are not inviting other shoulders to beer the burden of our taxes or buy the products of our me:- chlnts. Our farmers will remain short-handed end other lends win exploit the skills and lllflllllllvlbl that. have sustained the mllil"! or Europe despite their exrrsueoet

resources and overcrowded sores.

gram 1s not even an investment.‘

.1 I L. Old Charlottetown ll f I lAnd r. a. r.)

MALINGERING SETTLERS

Even among the sturdy Selkirk settlers of 18m there were a few mulingererg pr whom Warburton‘: History takes note as follows:

"On 27th August. the ‘Oughlon’ arrived with the passengers from Uist. They are reported as’ not 111 behaved, only one individual having appeared turbulent, but lazy and always asking for medic- ines, though having no real sick- ness. These, Lonti Selkirk decided to send to Township No, 10. They, however. after going pert of the way returned and were disposed of elsewhere."

In a footnote 1f. 1s stated that. “the writer has been told that. some of these people went over t0 Pictou County, 1n Nova Scotle, and settled there. He has not been able t0 verifry this, and doubts its correctness."

drought. will be short. of feed v.11: year. g . e

In the United States both lower milk output and a continuing ae- mand for milk for fluid consump tlon were contributory causes o: a decline of nearly one-fifth 2' American butter production. 1n Europe conditions were unfavo.- able, notably Ln Britain, Frazier. and Denmark. due not only t: scarcity of feed but also to one slaughtering of animals for nu-' man consumption 1n the absence of suitable alternative foods.

In Australia, the Union of South Attica. Eire and Argentine production of butter during 1.11» first quarter of 1948 was greater than 1n the same period last. year" the most notable increase accur- rlng 1n the second-named corm- try.

Although several important cheese-producing countries re ported increases during the firs? quarter of this year as compaicd with the same period 1n 1941, Lhc world output in the some months showed the greatest decline r any dairy product. In the United States the amount of cheese made was, on a comparable basis, down about 16 per cent. Denmark. Fu-snce and New Zealand also re- ported an expected decrease 1n cheese production during the fire? quarter of this year. Of those countries showing increased cneesc production. Switzerland led wnh a: upturn of l7 per cent. Produc~ tion also rose in the Unlied Kingdom, Argentine. Ausu-ske. and the Union of South Africa. 1o Canada durlng the first. hail of the current year cheme produc- tion declined almost. 28 per cenL. as compared with the same pcz- locl 1n 1947. The seasonal unprove- ment 1n output. in June was, how- ever, quite marked. \