i l

@br Canadian

Coven Prince Edward Island Like lie Ile- Publisned every weekday morning It 165 Prince m Charlottetown. P.E.[.. by the. Thomson Company Ltd.

(an A. Burnett. Publisher end Generel Ila-us ‘ hens Weller. Editor Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association ‘ Member of The Canadian-Prose Member Aduh Bureau a: Circulation. Branch offices at Summereide. Montague and Alba-h Represented Nationauy by: Thomson Newspape- Advertisine Service a King Street West, Toronto, 640 Cathcart at. Montreal 1030 West Georgia St. Vancouva' By Carrier Charlottetown, Summerside 30c per week, By Mail elsewhere in P.E.I. $9.00 per annum. Otlur Provinces and United States 812.00 per annum.

PAGE 4 FRIDAY, JULY .11. 1958.

Where~ Are The Boats?

Surely it should not be difficult to obtain a fair measure of work on government boats for the skilled mechanics at Charlottetown Marine Industries, Ltd. In former yearsthe Board of Trade \took the initiative in this matter and kept our federal representatives continually on ‘the

‘ alert. It is of little use looking for new . industries if we cannot maintain the

ones we have. In late years Marine Industries which formerly employed 250 workmen, has had to scale down its staff to a mere maintenance force and now a 50 percent reduction in this small number is threatened. The men affected are master mechanics find .if they have to go elsewhere for- work for themselVes' and families, we shall likely lose them for good.

Pictou is facing an even more serious .

condition where a threatened shut- down at Ferguson Industries Ltd. will leave some 400 employees jobless. It is thereforeva matter of Maritime concern, and should be' treated as such. If they cannot get action other- wise, we expect our members to bring this matter up in Parliament and state our needs in no uncertain terms.

Western Drought . Unless: conditions improve greatly in the next two or three weeks, much of the'stored grain in the PrairieePro-

,vinces will have to be used. as live

stock feed. At the present time the area is suffering from the worst drought since the 1930’s. The situas tion is bad in all three Provinces. Manitoba and Southeast Saskatch-

‘ ewan, however, are the hardest hit.

Officials in both areas expect no more than half 'a normal crop. _ ‘

The Canadian Wheat Board, heed- ing appeals frommunicipal authorit-

ies,.has announced that it will hold '

supplies 'of _wheat, barley and oats now in country elevators for use as feed. There are about 57 million bush-I .els in the elévatdrsfat present. The! Manitoba Farmers Union has asked the Provincial Government to call a conference of all interested groups to lay plans to cope with the paStune shortage and explore means to obtain winter feed .supplies. This, according to a Canadian Pressreport, would in. elude the purchase of all feed anew available, plans to save allroughage obtainable and an application. to the United States Government to obtain grass grown under that country’s). soil bank policy that is not being used. The Federal Government, too,

is reported ready to aid in any way ,

possible—'41s, indeed, it should,‘ for drought in any part of the country has an adverse effect on the national economy. - ,

Farmers in this part of Canada. have their «problems—but, fortun- ately, drought is not one of them. Although we have had an occasional. dry summer, not in the memory of most of us has there been a really deVastating drought. It is something

;-—among many other , things-r—for

which we

should be profoundly thankful. ~

Lebanon's Troubled History

The crisis in Lebanon puts the spotlight of world concern on a tiny country that is part Christian, part Moslem,‘ that combines East and West, ancient and modern: Nestled against the eastern shore of the Med- iterranean, it is only 125 miles long and from 20 to 45 miles wide. 0n land it is almost completely surround- ed by Syria, a partner‘with Egypt in the anti—Western United Arab Re- public. On its southern extremity it‘ shares a short frontier with Israel; It is the 185-mile border with Syria that Lebanon‘s pro-Western chief of state has asked the United Nations to help defend.

In normal times Lebanon is 3‘ highly prosperous nation, with a shrewd business sense and a blend of scenery and history that rivals that of many a larger nation‘. But is has few natural resources. A third of its 1,500,000 people live in Beirut, the bustling capital that serves as a commercial centre for the entire Near East. Signs advertise in English, French, Arabic, and Armenian. Ties with the West are strong. The Ameri- can University of Beirut, founded in 1866, has 3,000 students representing 44 countries and 30 religious groups.

:

'An excellent road network criss- crosses much of the country’s gnarled geography,” writes Thomas J. Aber- crombie, a National Geographic wri- tar-photographer, after a recent visit to Lebanon. “In a single day one can drive from Beirut past the cabanas and bananas of the Mediterranean up to high mountain snow fields, down the inland slope into the broad green plain called Al Biqa’, and before

nightfall see nomadic Bedouin tribes '

Y on the semidesert of the Syrian fron-

tier.”

The fertile Al Biqa’ Valley knew Stone Age cultureantedating Phoe- nician civilization. The great Phoe- nician ports—Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos -—still exist under modern names.

Sidon (Sayda) exports oil pumped r

from Saudi Arabia through a vital, 1,068-mile pipeline. North of Beirut

a narrow valley cuts. through hills '

that parallel the shore, making a na- tural corridor for Lebanon’s ‘succes: sion of conquerors. Rameses II march; ed by 13 centuries before the birth of Christ. Through the‘ pass also

came Babylonians, Assyrians, Greeks,

Romans, Ottoman Turks, British and French soldiers.

Lebanon passed from Turkish to '

French mandatory rule after World ,War‘ly was proclaimed a republic by rthe‘ Free French in the second World

‘ War, andrachieved full indep ndence on January 1, 1944._ Unwritten law ‘1

provides for a Maronite Christian president, Sunni Moslem premier, and

a legislature apportioned among var-

ious religious sects.

Canada Top supplier

“Foreign'Trade” reports that Can: ada sold 640 thousand bushels of apples to" ’Britain in .the [season

November "1957 to March 1958. This,

compares with 392 thousand bushels shipped from the United Statesz'l‘If

the standard of this year’s ship; "

ments is maintained, Canada can don-fl tinue to dominate the gnarket.

Keeping the standard high, says '

the publication, is made easier by the adoption of cell packl’ng. The greater proportion of Canadian apples are now being shipped this wayand it has drawn very favourable comment from the trade. Some, if not all, of the difficulties involved. in the rough handling of shipments" Lib-bye been eliminated. Packing has been sizvital concern to expérters because ' bnly

the best grades and packs are accept--

able in the United Kingdom; Canadian apples were admitted into the British market under a single dollar allotment for North America ($114 million), so that importers could spend their. licenses in Canada, or the United States, A small dollar allocation for the'U.K. was set up for canned apples (cooking varieties) be- cause ofKthe acute shortage in Britain this year. This enabled Canadian canned goods to reappear in the Brit-

‘ ish catering trade for the'first time

since before the war.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Fractious children can be as dan- gerous in a car as faulty brakes, the Ontario Safety League notes. .The League suggests :1 “numbers game" to keep them busy. Let the children choose a number under 100 and watch for it at the end of licence numbers

’ on cars going the same way. Pay

them a nickel every tii‘ne they spot the digits. That mightresult in the

‘driver going temporarily broke, but

worse thingscould happen to him in the situation outlined

, - e 4 i e

. It is reported from Ottawa that import restrictions onv’fowl, in effect since July 17, 1957, have been re- moved. The restrictions were imposed to protect the poultry industry against falling prices resulting from the effect of having imports. Agricul- ture Minister Harkness is quoted as saying that lower Canadian market- ings “and a closer price relationship between Canadian and American markets” now have removed the

necessity for restrictions. Whether

poultry raisers will share his view- point is another matter. ' v 4 i -

The official reason‘given for Presi- dential Assistant Sherman Adam‘s exclusion from President Eisen- hower’s party, on the state visit to Ottawa is that at the‘ last moment the President decided not to go fishing and therefore did not ask Mr. Adams

.to show him the good spots. It is

doubtful that Mr. Adams will swallow that story. Certainly, most Canadians won’t. It would have. been much bet- ter if White House officials had stated frankly that Mr. Adams’ im- prudence in accepting gifts from an industrialist, who was in difficulties with a Federal agency, made it un- wise for him to travel abroad at this time—or, failing that, had said noth— ing about Mr. Adams.

e

‘CEisbnh

.fl; .3;

,.,.

. fl/fi;

Padiilhmentmayélgo down hard

,With, sonic Canadians. He made

cleanthe United States has no present intention of backing away from economic and trade policies that have irritated and caused concern in Canadian quarters. His visit to Ottawa was looked on by some also possible Almer—

lcan mve toward of-

vital Canada-U.S. cleavages on

oil, wheat and. general bilateral ‘

trade. Indeed, he said he is convinced

acceptable solutions can and will

be found, provided more is give

* and take ,on-fboth But he

did‘not mos! CO or concessions. Instead, he tried to point up the good side of, Amer- ican restrictions, to explain and defend them and indeed to show how they might in some cases be

3 to the 0&1de 60011:-

omy.‘ , , TOUCHES TENDER SPOT Heaven raised the question of whether Canada is as interested as the U.S. in expansion of world

trade or whether emu. wanted * to do some “drtificial” redirect-

ing. This apparently was an ob- liqu'e reference to Prime Minis-

: ' POOR

,3? i By HaroldMoi-rison' D Canadian Press Staff Writer

President Eisenhower’s speech

ower’stOtto‘wo Speech

ter Diefbmbaker's expressed wish ‘that Canada might redirect 15 per cent of heriunports from the U.S. to Britain.

“I assume that Canada is as interested as we are in the ex’ passion of world trade rather than in its artificial redirection,” Mr. Eisenhower said. This may have touched a tender spo in Progressive Conservative q - tors.

Reporters asked Mr. Dicrfen- baker for comment. But he said he never abstracted any pantie-:2 ular line from a speech. He liked the “spirit of cry-operation” that seemed to cover the speech gen- erally. That was as far as he would go. ' ,

Naturally, it would be impolite for the prime minister, playing host to the head of a neighboring, stake, to say anything less than; complimentary. .But Mr. Diet- enbaker has previously made known his views on American trade policy. .

He has criticized the American Sm Wheat giveaway program, American restrictions on imports of Canadian oil, the fact Canada has a huge deficit in American trade and that American high-

THKE A’CADIANS OF P.E.l. Restoration Period

By J. Henri Blanchard. LL.D. 1

(Continued from yesterday)

Forty years after the Deporta- tion, in the year 1798, a com. plete census of PrincgEdward' Island was taken by Robert Fox, surveyor, by" orders from Gov- ernor Fanning. According to this census there were then 112 Aca- dian families with a total of GI persons.

Eastern Arctic Mysteries.

In the year 1803, Bishop De- naut of Quebec visited Prince Edward Island. He gave a very complete account of the situation of the Acadians of the Island. He gives thepopulation of VAcadian descent as 742 souls. Father Ma— thurin Bourg who visited the Is- land" in 1735 stated that he found only 50 Acadian families.

By W.E. Taylor, National Museum of Canada

Traces of the Capt Dorset cul- ture were discovered during arc- haeological investigations of nort— hern Ung‘ava Peninsula. '

My wife and I left Quebec City inJuly on the CPS Montcalm and disembarked at the settlement of Payne Bay on the west coast of Ungava Bay. Our first Cape Dorset discovery was on a small island in the estuary of the Payne river.Here we found three small stone houses and -a much larger structure. '

. The most exciting find was a grave containing what I believe to be the first complete human skeleton of this culture ever rec overed for scientific study.

- From the bone structure of the skeleton, I could find no apparent differences between it and the skeleton of a present—day but the presence of an unmistak- able Cape Dorset lance-point in the grave and the proximity of other Cape Dorset remains left me no other conclusion than‘to

- identify it tentatively us Cape

Dorset.

The stone houses were rectan— gular semi-subterranean dwell- ings that had been built of stone. These are commonremnins of Cape Dorset occupation but the large structure was a puzzle that I have not yet solved. Certainly nothing like it has ever been found before in the Eastern Arc- tic. .

It was 85 feet long and 31 feet wide and seemed to have been constructed partly of huge rocks. What use the Dorset people would make of such a building I do not know but its size raises the interesting ’ speculation that wood may have been used. in its construction. Perhaps some clay we will know that the forest of Ungava once extended far beyond the present tree-line. "

The age of these remains ihat least 1,000 years. From the little culture its time span was about 2,000 years covering a period from about 500 BC to 1400 AD. I believe the remains found in the Payne river estuary are late- Dorset-

On the banks of the Payne river near Payne Lake we found four Dorset campsites, three of them villages. One had 22 houses, an- other 15, and a third, three. Al- though the houses were generally of conventional Cape Dorset de- sign they were dug deeper into the‘eart‘h and in one house we found a large fragment of a sled- shoe at a depth of four feet.

This w a s an extraordinary discovery. So far no one has suggested that the early people of Ungava spent the Winters so far inland. Payne Lake is about 150 miles from the coast yet here were a sled-shoe and deeply ex- cavated houses indicating that there had been Winter habitation. We found several Spring or Sum— mer camps that are prehaps 100 .years old in the area but there is no anthropological record of any tribe living off the land in Ungava during the ’Wintertime

We saw practically no animal life ‘in the area during our stay and contemporary Eskimos avoid the interior because it is .50 bar- ren of game tresources. How- ever, the large quantity of car- ibou bones we found around the sites «suggests that this land once provided good hunting and may have provided enough game to sustain early Eskimo tribes even in Winter.

VACATION POST CARD

tariff policy restricted imports. LITTLE COMFORT

Mr. Eisenhower’s explanation of‘how the American wheat give- away In a y _ eventually widen :world markets for wheat. may find little appreciation 'ampug »prairie grain growers with huge surpluses on their farm and little money in their pockets. *

An assurance by the" president that the U.S. has tried to “mun- iniize” the impact of its all im- port curbs on the Canadian econ- omy may be of little comfort to

suddenly found their American markets cut off.

And the president's discourse on how deficits in trade with one country are sometimes offset by surpluses in trade with others may find little appreciation among Canadian exporters ..who long have maintained that Amara loan tariffs «are too restrictive, making it tough for Canadians to, get into that big market. 1

The Canadian govermnemtt it been concerned over the" American control of vital Cana- dian industry, such as mining and petroleum. But the president said, in effect, that the Amer-loanecon- omy, like that of the Canadian, is based on private enterprise. Trade was devellppedtlu’ough the» interplay of private concerns. Govermnent could, do little about

this.

All these censuses and reports are proof sufficient that the De- portation «was almost complete. From these few families are de- scended almost all the 15,799 Ac- adians listed in‘ the census of 1951. Nearly 14,000 of these are listed under only 22 family names (surname). , E ‘

In 1798, the Acadiens of the Island were settled in onlytiflee localities : Rollo Bay. MALPEC SETTLEMENT

The settlement of. Malpec be— fore the Deportation was foun-

and Charles Arsenault..who are the ancestors, of all the Arsena- ults of Prince Edward Isrand.

' This settlement was situated on

the :West shore of Richmond Bay on lots 13 and-14. The church. dedicated to the Holy Family was situated at Low Point, which the French called “La Pointe aux

standing. After peace was -restored by

few of the former inhabitants of Malpec returned but they did not settle at the old location. They took up land on the shores of Richmond Bay once more; but now it was on Lots 19, 17 and 16.

0nd” Malpec. They built a church there near what they called “La Riviere Platte”. They were loca- ted there when the census of 1798 was taken.

Several of these families mov- ed to Tig‘nish in 1799, others went

ers to Egmont Bay and Mount Carmel in 1812, and finally, the

Toronto, Ont. (Specia|)—-F or

Eskimos were employed for'the field work and often hired as guides. They respected my in— terest in their people, which they

considered more genuine than the interest they received ‘

passing from other white men who came to Unglava principally toexploil its mineral resources. 1 was very surprised and embarrassed when I realized they were regarding me as a learned authority on the

_early Eskimo cultures and ad-

vertising me to their friends as ‘The Man Who Knows‘. Their usual name for me was Angay ooloarapik (the little boss, as dis tinct from the Hudson Bay Com pany manager who was the bi: boss). My wife was called Nin

geyoovoot (the only woman).

licence as a nation, but tlieir‘

very survival!

the first time science has found a new healing substance with the ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve pain and itching l Thousands have been relieved ‘ with this inexpensive'substance right. in the privacy of their own home without any discomfort or inconvenience.

In one hemorrhoid case after another, “very striking improve-_ ment" was reported and verified by doctors’ observations

Pain was promptly relieved. And while gently relieving pain, actual reduction or retraction (shrinking) took place.

And most amazmg of all-this improvement was maintained in cases where doctors‘ observations were continued Over a period of many months!

In fact, results were so thorough

Western oil producers who have.)

Malpec, Rustico end .

tied in 1728, by Pierre Arsenault,

Vieux”. At the time of the Hol-. ' land survey this church was still

the Treaty of Paris in 1763, a.

In other words, this was a "‘sec- :

to cascumpeque in 1801. still rlth- »

When Buying Hearing Aid

By Herman N. Bundesen, M. D.

A SILENT world is a lonely one. If you are hard of hearing, don’t wait any longer. See your physician or an ear specialist to» morrow to determine whether a hearing aid can bring back those sounds—screeching horn-s, clatter— ing trains, the whisper of a loved one—~t‘hat are such an important part of our daily lives.

If the doctor says your. hear- ing loss can be aided by a heat- ing device—and most hearing dif- ficulties can —- get one as quickly as possible. - YOU MUST CHOOSE 4 ~

But, and this is a big but, get one which best benefits your par-

7 ticular condition. While you should

consult with your doctor about which aid is most likely to help you are the final judge.

I’ve given you a few tips in the past to‘help you select a he 'ng aid. Now I’d like to pass 0 a few more from Better Hearing Magazine. You should judge a hearing aid on the following points:

1. Performance. This is most important. Make sure the aid delivers enough power for your particular hearing loss. Remem- ber, the function of an aid is to bring sound back into your life as richly and as quickly as pos— sible. . . _ CHECK COST

2 Cost per hour of operation. Economy of operation is impor- tant, of course, since you will be paying for its use continually. A good conventional aid can be op“ enatcd for one-tenth of a cent an hour. Some very tiny aids cost six times as ‘mi'iclh "to operate.