‘LILAGE FOUR y TliE BIMRLOTTETOWII cunnilin-

lornlng Dolly (Founded in 1801) Ant-liostsodus Sooond Clue Mali. Poss Olloo Department. Ottawa.

. ‘dent, Inn A. Burnett; Vlceltresideut. Win. I. Barnett; Seem-Tree». G- M. Burners: Editor one Managing Director, .l. B. a Associate Edlwi.

Finals Walker.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than tire Weakest Ink.’

THURSDAY, hOVEMBER l4. 1946

Subsidy Negotiations

Several, of the Provinces have negotiated with the Dominion Government in connection with new taxation _ogreements including New Brunswick which has held a special session of the Legislature to hear the terms arranged be- tween Premier McNair and the King Govern- ment. The Federal offer to New Brunswick is for a; annual minimum payment of $l5 per copita based on the i942 population, which would mean an irreducible minimum annual grant of $6,960,000. This amount would include all annual allowances and statutory subsidies re- ceived by the Province in the post; these could be continued on their fornier footing but would be deducted from the amount arrived at. The proposed new arrangement would mean on an- nual gain over the amount received during the term of the wartime tax agreement of $2,000,- 000 to $2,500,000.

Agreement with Ottawa, it was stated, has been reached "in all essential points" by New Brunswick, but no final settlement can be made until all matters have been placed before the Legislature.

Manitoba and Saskatchewan have also reached tentative agreements. Alberta now is holding "exploratory discussions", and British Columbia has indicated that it will open sim- ilar discussions next month. Ontario and Nova Scotia are expected to make their stands known this week.. That leaves only Quebec and Prince Edward island to be heard from. lt seems strange that we should be at the toil end of the procession in this matter. Our wartime tax agreement, it is true, expires at a later date than many of the other Provinces. We can carry on until the end of the present fiscal year. But there is no reason why the Prince Edward ls- land Government should not be establishing its position clearly at Ottawa.

At the D minion-Provincial Conference the offer to this rovince in return for certain tax concessions was a two million dollar minimum grant. This, Premier Jones showed, was quite inadequ t... Other Provinces also were dissat- isfied with the offers made to them, and appor- ently they have been able to make better terms by approaching the Dominion individually. if this be the case, we cannot afford to stand aloof. Our people have o right to know whether any bet- ter offer has been made, and what efforts, if any, the Jones Governmentrhos put forth to obtain better terms. The Legislature lost session was given practically -no information on this im- portant subject. lt is to be hoped that this policy of secrecy will not be continued. The other provincial governments are taking the taxpayers into their confidence, and the best thing our Government can do is follow suit. This is the most important matter before the Prov- ince at the present time. The Government should be exerting every effort to obtain the best terms possible at Ottawa, while the spirit of ne- gotiotion prevails.

Three Million War Medals

Something like 3 million war medals are slated for eventual distribution to members of the Canadian forces. The Royal Mint is. at pres- ent producing Canadian Volunteer Service med- als at the rate of 2,000 a day. Present plans are to strike more than l,000,000 Wei’ moduli which will go to all members of the forces, about l,000,000 Canadian volunteer service medals and about the some number of a var- iety of other decorations. _ _

On one side of the’ CVSM is the Canadian Coat-of-Arms; on the other a sailor, a soldier, a pilot, members of the CWAC, WRCNS and RCAF, women's division, and a nursing sister, in marching. order.

Teachers’

The current education bulletin from the Dominion Bureau of Statistics is not altogether a reassuring one. it concerns the years i939- l94S, and thus indicates the impact of the war upon our teaching staffs. The report is for the eight English speaking provinces.

ln i939 there were 8,738 university gradu- ates among the 50,000 teachers; in i945 there were 8,263. Then, in the pre-war years, there was only on infinltissimoi number of teachers who did not hold either a first or second class (or higher) professional certificates.

The Bureau affirms that the number of .first class teachers hos nominally remained the some, but in the opinion of the Statistical de- partrnont "requirements have generally relaxed for those who obtained certificates within the period.” The number of second class teachers has fallen about 5,000. What has soared is the number of holders of permits to teach. This has risen to 4,500. Another figure is given, that for msn teachers. There were l4,7l8 in i939, and 9,992 in i945.

Length of tenure in rural schools is another item which has slipped during the war years. For the seven provinces, Ontario and Quebec excepted, the average length of experience of teachers in one roamed schools in I939 was 4.7 years;.in i945 it had dropped to 3.4. The avsr- age tenure had dropped to l.8 in- one roamed rural schools; 2.9 in town and village schools; and 10.2 in the cities.-

Hesrovor, during those years the median ooloahal gone u from $859 in i939 to SL207 iii» Thlris minim, n city soliooii from $1,513 to SL829; in town and village schools fvesiflfitoflflhoodliienorooniodriirol no. slot ts sum. It ii ploIeot

Qualifications

o.

has addressed since carning to

reading that these- rural school solorigs have risen 68 per cent.

ln _this matter of median salaries British ,Columbia stands first witli,$l,552; then Ont. mo. $1.301; Alberto. $1,270; Manitoba, $1,093,-

sllllmldiitlliii. 9.045; Nova-Scotia, $968; New

Brunswick, $852; and $633. . These circumstances have all, of com-g; been qualified by the exigencies of war. The peace years will again modify the picture.

— EDITORIAL NOT-ES _

Piince Edward island

Congratulations to Canon Malone on the Z5tli anniversary of his incumbency of St. Pet-

er's Cathedral.

I O O i

Seventy-six per cent oPAmericon housewives refer t_o newspaper advertising for grocery news, according to o recent survey by the Home Mak- ers Guild of America,

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s- sr o

Agricultural and Industrial Progress In Can- ada, issued by the C. P. R., notes that the value of the lobster c:tch in Prince Edward island has almost doubled in the post four years, having from $837,272 in i942 to $l,5l9,735 in

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The Very Rev. Gordon Mocleon, Moderator of the General Assembly, has made a great im- pression on the congregations and audiences he the Province. Rarely are such eloquence, learning and vision combined in present day orators.

U i I t

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There is still that demand to be met of a satisfactory rest house in the city for visit- ors and shoppers. The new City ‘Council was expected to do something about it, yet so far only temporary arrangements have been made, with no attendant to see that everything is pro- perly looked after.

A‘

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Probably Prime Minister Mackenzie King will avoid obeying his subpoena as Hon. Mr. Ralston did in the case of Hessian vs. Grant. Those in high places not infrequently are able to escape from embarrassing situations without much harm to the body politic.

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Congratulations will be extended to our young luvvllSmflll, Mr: William D. DeCoste, on budding out as a novelist. As a poet, his work is well known to our readers, who should be no less interested in following his career into the

sphere of fiction.

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Claude Monet, French impressionist and open-air landscape painter, born this date i840; though he studied under Gleyre, he was mainly influenced by Corot, Millet, Monet, Degas and Turner. Among his works most highly prized are views of Argenteuil, of Vetheuil, of Pouiviiie, the cliffs of Etretot, several ancient Cathedrals, and Le Basin de Nymplieos. .

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The cause of peace received a boost, when Mr. Attlee announced that U. K. armaments would be standardized with those of the U.»S. Complete uniformity of military practice be- tween the English-speaking democracies great- ly increases their effective power. The Can- adian Government has credit for Jiaving taken a lead in pressing for this type of co-operation.

I fl k f

General regret is felt in youth movements ot the loss sustained by the departure of Rev. F. Douglas Henderson to St. Paul, Minnesota, for he has played an important port in boys’ and young men's work here, for many years, ever since he""come as executive commissioner in Boy Scout work. Mrs. Henderson also‘ will be missed, for she has been closely associated with the Scouts as Akeia at Zion Church before her

marriage.

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The Catholic Women's League were fav- ouredwith a much appreciated improvement of weather for their convention in the city so largely attended. This organization is doing an immense amount of social and religious work throughout the Province, as the many re- ports submitted indicate. "Leadership" is the key word of the C. W. L. and the Honorary Chaplain, the Most Rev. Bishop Boyle, emphas- ized this in his sermon at the opening of the

conference. ‘

s o w s

The high point for numbers of hogs on farms in Canada was reached at the beginning of December, i943, when the total was 9,473,- 000. Since then there has been an expected de- cline from the unusual wartime high and the number at June l of this year was 5,377,300 as compared with 6,025,600 on the similar date of lost year and 7,741,000 at the beginning of Juno, i944. Small increases in Prince Edward lslond, Quebec and Ontario were recorded at June l as compared with a year earlier. All the other provinces showed declines, although the reductions in New Brunswick and British Col- umbia were small. in Saskatchewan there were only 75.2 per cent and in Alberto only 75.1 per cent of the numbers on farms in i945, while Manitoba had 82.5 per cent and Nova Scotia 82.6 per cent of the totals on June l, i945. '

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An extraordinary story of present day sup- erstition comes from Towbridge, Wiltshire, Eng- land. A couple who told authorities their neighbors were practising witchcraft against their child agreed to a court order separating them from the four-year-old boy for a minimum of three months. Mr. J. B. Taylor, representing the Society for_the Prevention of Cruelty‘ to Children, said he found the child, Edward Gale, looking "cowed and pals". The parents, Ern- est, 44, and Violet, 3B, kept the child in the some bed with them, the inspector said, and

uot the mother as saying, "Edward wakes up rying, scratches me and pulls my hair." "We got up and put salt on the fire, we lioai a chinking noise at the back of the grate, and the crying stops," adding that the some, ritual was used by them "to stop banging noises on the wall." Charges of neglect were eontin for three months, during which the lather agreed

-te sebnyit notion ts medical mini-onus.

THE Cl-IARLOTTETUWN GUARDIAN

llotss By _ The tidy

One of the supremo joys of Ivlng is undoubt y full ioppreclallon o! the value of leisure and the know- icdse of how to use it. Persons who say they are bored because they have nothing to 0o ore making frightful admission c1’ mental ster- ility. They have allowed their per- ceptions and curlcsltles to atrophy. with the result that they chem- selvee are only" half alive. -—Go.lt Reporter. '

On hundred and fifty thousand Britons, most. of them in their twenties. many o1’ their skilled tradesmen, others veterans without any trade, have made known their wish to come to Canada. And. no ilfliibl. there are others The num- ber ls impressive. but by no means 10o large for us to handle. In the 1L‘ years from 1903 to 1914, when Canada's industrial capacity was ‘mil’ a fraction of what it ls today, we averaged Well over 150,000 1m- migrants a year and in 1913 we ab sorbed over 400.000. We oould do this ngaln, without any qimatlon. and benefit ourselves as well as the newcomers. And we 001ml do 1t with a minimum of difficulty if we would raopl a policy similar to shat of New Zealund and select our lmim. grams for the positions we expect them to fill when they arrive. -- Voncouver Province

November is proveibisliy the gray month, notes The Montreal Gazette. She is accused of being bleak and chili. Nobody speaks kindly of her. Poets, busy with the praises of April, Mey or June. are opt to ignore November. or slight her; with such comments as, "No warmth. no cheeriuliiess, no healthful ease. No comfortable feel 1n any mem- ber." Nevertheless, November has a certain charm, and anyone who has. caught the wltchery: of’ a. black- limbed tree against a. red twilight and felt the romance of old stone buildings wrapped in mist. will not deny her beauty. ‘walking 1n the woods. one can catch the very essence of this nun-gray month. There is there an abiding silence, broken only by the crunching of leaves under foot. or the scurrying of som-c small animal hustling to make his winter home. Possibly an owl may hoot or a belated bird wing past. ‘There is a. patience and pensiveness about November. as though the world. stripped of her gala. summer dress. christened and humble, were awaiting tier baptism of snow.

Not everyone reiillreo the import- ant: role which squirrels, play in reforestation. says The Brockvllle Rec-order and Times. The Govem- nient of Saskatchewan. which is very aaixlous to add to its forests, has recognized this by forbidding the trapping o1.’ these animals this yeas- because their destruction would be "detrimental to the Government policy of forest. conservation."

Two dorien eggs- in plastic Ink- els-have been delivered ta Bol- moral Castle for the King and Queen, says The London Daily Moll. They were brought aver from Am- erica 1n an air liner by 22-year- old Miss Constance Llridicoat, who ‘W011 a, free trip to Britain given by an American plastic firm. Miss LlddlbOflrl. said: "I was instructed to send the eggs on to the King and Qwrm at Balmorul as sorm as I arrived. The eggs will keep for lfine months. They're unbreakable, and all you have l0 dads to peel 01f the plastic oovuing."

When wlid geese all in strident southward fiizit‘. go o_v in silver echelons across the autumn sky early of a. golden morning, the world looks up in startled wonder- ment. at the perfection of the long formation, says ‘fhe Christian Science Monitor. How poised the flap of every wing beat as the sun catches its flash! The wood emcko from iii-é leaf plies we made last night goes up like a signal to say farewell to our friends from the northern wilds. now winging their way beyond our sight and ken- by wlint mysterious know- ledge never learns-d from books? ‘Hie wailing leaves siill on our trees seem to listen. Perhaps they yet can hear the wild, sweet. song of those uncouiiied fcnlheied hai-dcs that‘ swept. so swiftly. so briefly ccr-oss our horizm. The mrssage com: sure: Enjoy Indian summer new, but prcazire for our brother out of the caves of the north wind. for soon he will alas. and your land will be white wlth sfiow.

Many people this-Ir the words of i‘. lflflffiagl! Cifiilllillfi’ H‘!!! £0 511C105- anct. that they should iiat; be alt- ered. There is no reason. however. for adopting that attitude. becauce the marriage cevcminy is perform- gl b different: wards dravrn up by the clergy of HifICNTII. denom- inations. says The St. Thomas Times-Journal. It ls quite common nowadays lo omit the word “obey” from the marriage ceremony. In all cases the bride agrees l0 love and honor, -but in a great many cases she is not. salted to olxy as well. Mariage is regarded as more of a partnership thondt used to be when a husband was really "lord and master" and the wife was s. meek, subservient creature. 0f course. lots of wouieii merely sold they would obey because the ceremony said so, but it. did not moo/n uny- thlng to them. or to their husbands. As the saying ls. the wife‘ often "wore the pants" and the h band old more obeying tti-aui s did. Them is snot-her rt of the mor- rlage ceremony w loh is regarded as something of on ‘ ‘Jn iund not applicable to modern ideas. That lo the question: "Who glvetli this woman to be married to this merit" The rector of the Anglican chumh st. llnlllhley. Suffolk. m3- land, silrnuncao that he elimin- ates that llert of the cemnoiiy sl- toaether. In his church the marl who ills bride over. oven it hob tier Istnsr. lsnforredtoss the "escort." ‘rho rector says tlsll "slvlng owe!” is o sovlvsl of the duo when women were considered

and liiidsaed

sssssotisossis. were sberlotnersantu mzwsio k-izsowleesah tnsl

Conscription

For Britian (Globe and Mall)

A_ Iondon report says that the British Government intends lo tn- ‘ duoe permanent pesielime con- scription for military service. The decision, it Ls sold, will -be an- nounced in the King's speech when Parliament re-aseembles next week. This lnformstloi i135 leaked in izdvenowfrom s private meeting of‘ Liiibor members addressed by Mr. Attlee.

Lt the report is true. which there. is no reason to" doubt, the Labor Party 1s about to break with one. of Its flrmest traditions. British trade unlonlsts and Socialists have in the past been vizorously oppos-

to compulsory service in the armed forces except in time of vraiai Even so. the news of Mr. Attleivs onnouncemeni to his followers will hardly surprise anyone who has watched British discussions of de- fense policy since the nar ended.

It was made known last February that by the end of 1946 the coni- bdned strength of Britain's army. navy and air force would be one, mllllori trained men, p.u.s another 100,000 in tralriiiig and 100.000’ women. It was generally asumed. though the Government did not sayl so precisely, has this would be‘ approximately the permanent. strength of the British forces. Re- cently there have born official hints that the February figures would be revised upward.

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Considering that. the number of men in Britain's three services was 477,000 in the summer o! 1939. after a recruiting drive stimulated by the Munich crlsls and the threat

peeled that a siieiiilii 0f 1199-009 or more could be achieved by voi- untnry enlistment. even though pay has men raised and con-dltricns of service nave cecn imlifvi/eil- Good jobs in tra-ie and industry are too numerous 1n the Britain cf 194s to make tiic fizhiinc ser- vices attractive to that number of its young men. Apart. from that, it Ls a sound argument, Just as valid in peace as l.n war. that rxrmpuls- lon is fairer and more efllcifiil than reliance on volunteers.

But the Labor Government has come to its 002151011 only after a. trial at thé voluntary system. Mi’- Jack Lawson. who was Mr. Attleeks War Minister until the recent Cab- inet changes. launched a, high-pow- ered oanmpeégu for recruits will! this year. When army estimates Were debated 1n Palinmc-nt: lest July- 11¢ was pressed by Conservative mem- bers to any than lie lied" s. tarfliil end would make sure 0f reaching it. Mr. Lawson refused to Bo so lei‘ as ma; but, he did admit that; he had a target. Now, it appears. the Government has found that this objective. whatever it. may be. can only be reached by 80090118 W0" ecrlptlon.

Canadians who take their coun- try's notional responsibilities seri- ous“. W111 no; be slaw so draw s. moral from Bmams emcritucs- listment in the Canadian armed services is failing fl!‘ 50°" "I °m°' lolly aooioi-oa m- us. modest though these are. According lo re- cent ottaws reports. the army H6945 10300 men g0 reach its mark of 25,000 m; the active force. and 130,000 for the planned reserve ol 180,000. The air force is Said l0 be 4.500 short; o! its oblwlilile 0i 159°0- The navy, too l5 undemienned. It steeds 3.000 recruVa to reach lls target, of 10,000 for the permanent. force, and ls short 16,000 for the projected reserve o1 from These figures suggest that Canada may some time have to consider adopt.- lng the expedient reluctantly de- (ided upon by Britain's Labor Gov- crnment.

Stirring The Fires (Si. Calhcrirfes Standard)

The Associated Pass carries an informative ilespatch out. of Ber- lin which describes the tale-bear- ing by Germans which has reach- ed a new hlgri since the Berlin elections. They are saying 1111x185 now that they would not. have dared to say o. few mouths ago. In the British and American zones, every clay there are German» giving in- formation about. the Russians mon- rfacturing‘ V-weapoiis, forcing Ger- mans to so so Russia. and seizing whole factories. uprootlng them for use in Russia. On the other side. in the Russian mile, they are rc- porting that Britain is maintain- lng German troops manufacturing secret weapons and the Americans are blowing an fnciorks the Rus- sians should be geltlniz for repar- ations. ,

It ls a nice littlz- game all round. The Russians arc able lo check what is being done in the West. but the British and Americans have m; gigging wZr-rirvvi‘ on “deal llic Russiansiare doing Western per- sonnel cannot travel free where the Russians are in control.

Thus there l3 an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust. which the Germans tried their best but with- cul success. lo creole while ibe war was on. They may be now Gel- tlng t4) first base wit-h it. 0n the other hand, there should be the best endeavour amonli "it! 3|! liiqur m get Germany salt-sustain- trig. but with rigid curbs on any- thing like armament. product-ion. or formation of military cw"! which oould be developed into s machine. fiance opposes (lemony as on economic unit; the Russians hide behind m iron curtain. It is n poisonous atmosphere tor vom- msking but limes: Bevtii says hope- fully. that ‘with goodwill it can be accomplished on a lsstine lillil-