AYOUT of soil fertility plots at the Experimental Farm, Char- lottetown, is seen from the top of the screen of. an open airltheatre
I
. . at Upton. Results from experi- ments such -as these are a val- uable aid in modern fiarming.
_ Cross - Breeding Danger Stressed
With the advent of Artificial In- semination of cattle, farmers are given the opportunity of using in their he1'ds some of the top sires available in all the common cat- tle breeds. "
This is a tremendous forward step from a few years ago when fa-rmersin most districts had to rely either on the bull kept by one of their neighbours or had to keep a bull of their own for breeding their herd.
This bull was often of very or- dinary breeding and sometimes not even a registered hull of the breed. The improvement of cat- tle in the district with this me- thod of breeding was’ depend- ent to a very large extent on the selection of the bull. This bull would usually be kept two or three years in the district and then be replaced by a new one. _]lf he turned out to-be a- good breeding bull than much /good would be done in the _dIistrict..B_ut if it turned out that the hull was A poor breeder whose calves were poorer than their dam-s than much harm would be done to the herds. Now with artificial lnsemi ination it makes available many different sires.
These bulls have been care ‘- fully selected as to type and pro-
ior to any that could be bought by a group of farmers for use in their own district.
WIDE SELECTION
This wide selection of breeds of sires does create at least one quite serious problem. With com- paratively high beef prices far- mers are inclined to cross their dairy cows with a beef bull. This practice is economically sound if all these cross-bred offspring- are sold for beef. Too often a cross bred heifer with her hybrid vig- or, looks so promising that the farmer may be tempted to keep her for a breeder.
This-would be an unwise thing to do because even though this cross bred female may show con- siderably beef type and may be a good milking cow—although us- ually a poorer producer than her dainw dam—the calves produced by this cow, nomatter to what she is bred, will usually be— much poorer than herself.
So think again before. keeping that cross bred ‘heifer. A better plan would probably be to al- ways breed some‘ of your best dairy cows to a bull of their own breed and cross the poorer -pro- ducers in‘ your herd with a beef bull. For herd replacements keep the good straight bred heifers
d-uction so that the average bull in the A1. unit is vastly super-
and sell all the cross bred cal- ves for meat.‘
= daily to cattle owners. " breeds are:
'Growth Of Artificial
Over twenty-one thousand cows have been bred artificially in Prince Edward Island. The first unit the Eastern Prince County Artificial Breeding Club commen- ced operation on June 6, 1955. The following year eight more Clubs were formed and last year 1957 four‘moI‘e giving us a total of thirteen Clubs.
This affords service province wide to all Cattle Breeders de- sirous of using the service. It is also interesting to note that dur- ing the same period the number of bulls maintained at the Cen- tral Breeding,Unit at Frederic- ton has shown a marked increase. Over fifty bulls are maintained ‘in the battery.’
In addition to these sires se-
, men in the frozen state is kept
in the holding box. The services of ten breeds are not available These Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Guernsey, Dual-Purpose
“useful information connected with farming” also an expression of regret that “the limited funds of this Society will not admit of its importing straw cutters,” but directing the secretary to solicit the Central Society to import one or more of these implements “of the latest and most approved pat-, tern.” I The election of officers. resulted as foll-ows: President, Hugh Mac- Donald, Esq; Vice-Presidents, J. L. Llewellyn, Angus MacDonald, Robert Mearns, Alexander; Sec- retary-Treasurer, E. Thornton; Committee, Geo. Ait-ken, SIr., Wil- liam McKay, Gavin McLure, Ru- furs Shattu-ck, Joseph Wightman, Donald Camrpbell, W.B. Aitkin, Robert Dewar, Sr. Peter Fergu- son, -Robert Dewar.
Shorthorn, Beef Shorthorn, Here- ford. Abredeen Angus, Reid Poll and Charolais. PAY FOR SEMEN The PE.I. Department of Ag- riculture pays for the cost of se- men on all these bulls that is t-he bulls maintained in the battery at Fredericton and the Red Poll, ;Aberdeen Angus and Charolais. ‘If sires outside of those ment- ioned are required the cost of the semen will be paid for by the breeder. When you decide to use a certain sire other than those maintained in the Federiction bat- tery let your lnseminator know and he will see that the semen if obtainable is order and ship- ped ready for 3/bur use. Milk production has jumped fif- ty percent, said Dan McGrew, Extension Dairylman in the state of Ohio when he spoke at a Dairy Day. He also related that every fourthcow being milked in Ohio 'was artificially sired. THREE OBJECTIVES McGrew pointed out three ob-
Safer; 2. Cheaper. 3. To improve individuals and the herds. The 1940 figure in Ohio -«was 4600 pounds of milk and 200 hundred pounds of fat. The average pro- duction in 1956 was 6930 pounds of milk and 267 pounds of butter- fat.
The Extension Dairyman gave a number of reasons for the step- ped up production. They are: 1. Artificial breeding, 2. Better hay, 3. Amount of Alfalfa hay fed per cow when doubled, 4. Increasedsileage fed, 5. Increas-’
.ter hands now.
Let us for the moment consid- er the situation here in Prince Edward Island. Recently I was
THE MORE YOU THE MORE
-F0
EYE IT .' .. ._TRY IT .
Farm Problems of
1837 Discussed
A pioneer organization in pro- moting improvements 'in _fam'n methods in Prince EdIward._Is- land was the Eastern Agricultur- al Society. A report of the sixth: annual meeting of the -Society, held in Georgetown, Jan, 18, 1837, makes interesting reading today.
5 Mr. Alexander MacDonald was infln Georgetown on the last’ Wed-
the chair. I The report regrets the injury to crops by early frost and com- mends the Legislature for assis- ting the needy by providing, seed. There is reference to a partial
failure of the potato crop owing ‘
to some disease. “An idea seems to prevail”, it adds, “that the potato is worn out and requires to «be produced from seed.
A writer in the Dumfries Cour- tier says: ‘It is recommended to apply common soot to the set before planting rather than hot lime‘. There is a strange coin- cidence in this singular visitation, that it should appear about the same time in places 3,000 miles distant across the ocean, not in: the habit of exchanging the seed’ of the potato." I -
A Mr. Braddock is commend- ed for his introduction of a thresh-E ing machine run by horse pow-,' er. “It can be used for driving a‘ threshing, winnowing,chaff- cut- ting or other machine, turn a grind-stone, a malt mill or grain breaker.” ‘
The report advoca-tes the use of a straw cutter, “as it has been found cu-t straw is ‘more nutritive than uncut straw al - though no reason can be given why it should be."
Optimism is the prevailing note in the report. “It has been as-;
serted we are poor. If so, whence? ‘
the abundance of Nova Scotiai aIId New Brunwick notes. dol - la-rs and British silver which cir- culate so freely among us?
Were they not received in pay-‘ mcut for our vessels, our hor-i ses. grain and potatoes, and for’ the wages and labour of our young men‘? and will not our exports increase rather than di- min‘Ish—especially should the in- tended Bank equalize our cur- rcncy?
_“M'dn.v of the indications of‘ Ilmezmaxs prcsI>e1‘ity‘ through -1 Oil‘ the Island. especially in the: E-:l'l;)lI'-Bl/—‘.h€ pl‘1\*ileged capital-of‘ ¥SU£:\l§‘\,i\:"‘;le‘.‘G merchants ha\‘e'
. :‘ i‘ '33‘-1 most, i0\‘\nS of the add
101111113. continent. .
ln Nova Scotia numbering about
four tImes our inhabitants abouti numerous the towns The com-‘I P3I‘at_lV€_1It rapid I31‘0S1‘ess, too. orl our !llL'lpl0lll. Georgetown, gives. earnest of her future p1‘o§,p()1"1[y.i 31‘-3‘-'3'-1'-;‘lI It has been popular toi denounce her. and retard her ad- van—cement."
“Your committee rejoice at the importation of a superior seed and congratulate the Society on the introduction of 0'33-I wheat In
the country by Mr. Woolner of Itustico.” -
The report advocates the grow- ing of hops as a crop sditable to the soil and climate.-
The ‘resolutions include a re- comtrnendation that the annual‘ general meeting be in future held
nesday in January and that be- sides the annual ‘meeting, three other meetings be held on the first Wednesday in April, July
LOOK. YOU LIKE ,. . .
RD ’
jectives of artificial breeding 1. v
ed hay fed 6. Cows are in bet- ~
Breeding Units Seen
talking _witl1 officials of our dairy division and they stated, that the average milk production per cow in Prince Edward Island was ap- proximately 5500 pounds and that the average butterfat pro- duction was around 200 pounds it is then very obvious that if the production of both milk and fat is increased by using better sires and better; managment the financial productivity of the in- dividual cow will increase ‘cor- respondingly. HERD IMPROVEMENT
The inauguration of the .n e w Dairy Herd Improvement Pro- gramme recently will materially assist breeders in finding out ex- actly what statis each animal falls in. It is impossible to know
fat of an individual unless rou- «tine weighing and testing is car- ried out.
In my opinion one of the bet- ter practices is first to deter- mine the productivity of the ani- mal then breed straight dairy to
proves in foal.
short periods at $1.00 risk of owners of mare.
where tissues have been injured
-the top producing animals of the
‘lower producers and fatten the
the production of both milk and,
STANDING AT TI-IEANN STABLE
SUMMERSIDE, P. E. I.
wATcI-IIM 2:06‘ 6705 — 72481 — Grade A Sire of 19-10 in 2:10; 3 in 2:05, inc. BEAU 2:03, STURDY MAN 2‘:03.1; Sire, VOLO-
MITE 3, 2:031/4; Dam, CITA WORTHY 2:09 1/4, Dam of 4 in_2:05, 8 in 2:10, inc.‘ ERLA 2:013/1,.
ABLEWAY 3_2:o9.4p f 16010 — 8‘1-I87 — Grade A
Sire, K[NG’S COUNSEL 1:58, Sire of 197 inc. SOLICITOR 3—1:57.2 current 3 - year old colt champion. Dam, EDNA BREWER. 4—2:00. (lead- Ing Dam of 2:10 pacers, 11, 5 in 2:05, inc, ABLE- WAY’S fullbrother, VALIANT WAY 4-—2:01.2 i '57, also Dam of 2:00 Sire). _
ABLEWAY’S first crop now being foaled. Fee $50.00 for each Stallion payable when mare
Limited number of mares may be boarded for per day. All accidents at
.1 :cEoI:cE
Maggots In Sheep Can Cause Death
Sheep are apparently very sus- ccptible to maggot infestation. Maggots are the larvae stage of a fly, which are found in the vic- inity of stables and barnyards. The adult fly deposits the larvae on the -surface of the wounds,
or torn in some way. They work their way into the skin causing excessive sores, which may re- sult in the death of the animal. The tails of undocked lambs are favourite locations for maggot in- festation.
There is considerable irritation mainifested by the an-imal rub- bing the affected part. This area has a lifeless and spongy appear- ance, and when it is opened the
herd and use beef bulls on the
resultant offspring for sale. These low producing dairy cat- tle can alternately be replaced by better producers. In ;following this practice means that only the better producing strains are maintained in the herd. Any
breeding programme must be ap- proached from a long range point of view.
1?
BROWN
A. cAI.I.aEcI<. 0
Summerside, P.E.II
hot summer months.
itissucs as well as the parasites should be removed carefully. The} area should be washed with a solution of carbolic acid, one part
CLEANLINESS
Cleanliness is the first_essen- tial in the treatment of this trou-
I I
living parasites are quitejeasily Page 213, 'I'uesda}'a May 20, 1958 — found in the decolnposing t1S5u95- :
_ ,_ . ‘ Id be removed This condition occurs only durlng shou
;'1‘1Ie area should be washed with this ‘trouble should a s o l u t i o n of carbolic acid consideration and in
one to 20 parts of water. Many recom
mend the applica-,' 01' eq“?1 Parts 0f ‘ tion of kerosene, and some sp1r.j phur will prevent the larvae
carefully. rial may be used:
f jury the application
its of turpentine. The latter should‘ gaming entrance into the not be used on raw wounds as it will cause too much irritatiion. 1,1 _ Th 1 11 Id be clipped A mixture of ether and sweet oil North and Central A caerefullfy tshemvicinity of the is probablly one of the most ef- Alaska In the nI0II"lJh to wound and the dead or diseased fective remedies- tissues as well as the parasites
in the south. It is
Solutions of Creolin, Kreso or the whole of the United
l I I I l
'1
l I - 1
livability. Supplies Are Limited;
Amen In-Crou “S01” hybrids, NOW!
Noonan Street
Order your 0 ‘
A Blur
4—-j
cIIIcIIs -— CHICKS -- CHICKS
AMES-- IN ckoss IN Two E DISTINCT TYPES A
profit maker
..5("..
rm...-.~-..-nun.
extra eggs when you- raise them!
r.f.-———--nuuu-~~.
: qualify meat
wfnjen you sell them
37:. 5,5...
. a~,H'I'B ns w:;I, ;
AMES IN-CROSS
Brown-Egg Hybrid:
4
noun-pv-u-«aqua»-nu-«av
Outstanding livabiIity,Too! Ames In-Cross “501’s" give you superior: egg production of a. hybrid. Plus the extra.
meat quality of a heavy breed. Hybrid VIGOR assures better
Summersidel , I
When your flock is Amcs In-Cross 400 series white egg layer, you'll get more eggs that grade large. That’s because the characteristic o£ lar egg size is carefully bred into cac Amos In-Cross chicken. You get high consistent production, too, which means you'll get more eggs that grade large and bring those top market prices. With proper management, the Ames In- Cross white egg bird will produce
3. dozen eggs on- about 4.1 pounds .
of feed.
This is the profit making combi- nation you’ll find in the Ames In-Cross 400 series white egg bird . . . high consis-
uniformly big egg: and excellent feed conversion. Plan to make your next flock An'_Ies In-Cross 400 988
/ ounnnunoncodd
HICK HACHERY‘
Dial 3337‘
The raccoon is found
tent production . . . -
Guardian . pm“; Pfiafiue .:
be th * caseseotfifi
0‘ ' lard Blilld st“.
.-V ..<.r - it
'. BUY IT .. . .,
V8‘ or 6 . . the most modern, efficient engines today '
tractors. able at all times.
No one knows better than the farmer is the. payoff and that is why year after year the I‘:‘armer’s no. 01‘ choice is FORD trucks, cars,
Guaranteed used cars, trucks and tractors ‘avail-
.'A
Ford-Edsel
and November in each year, with
St. Peters Road
the principal object of obtainihg ‘
speeds of 15/3, 31/5; 12 mph.‘ ’
Take-Off u420n
transmission.
convenient, timc'saviI1g
Water Street West
New Continuous-Running Power . Available for wheel-type tractors when equipped with 5-speed
NEW OPTlO.NAl. EQUIPMENT
New 5-Speed Transmission . . . Providesya speed of 6-15, mph in addition to the regular ’
, 41/, and
c
“420 Tri
able on
CHOOSING a 2-3 plow tractor? Here, in your choice of tractor is todays’ No. 1 combination of BIG-tractor capacity and small-tractor cost, a trac- tor that will step out and pull three 14-inch double-action disk harrow in most field conditions.
EIAIITDY “Live” Touch-o-matic hydraulic system dud Load-and-Depth on 1-01 are built-In features of all “420” wheel-type tractors, as is the
plow
standard 3-point hitch. »
J. ERSKINE CLARK LTD.
SUMMERSIDE WAR
‘
is. R. JOHNSTON LTD.
Dual Touch-a-matic for
Crop Tractors . . . also avail-
Dealer.
Phone 8548
H4209!
Standard Tractor . . . Provides independent control of front and rear-mounted _equipment . . . regular on tricycle and R_ow-crop Utility.
Power-Adjusted Rear Wheels for
cycle and “420” Row-
I
“420" Standard.
bottoms or an 8-foot
OPPOSITE SURPLUS STORE
I
5
\
l
bountiful crops and good prices in the yecIFs ahead.
CITY OF CHARLOTTETOWN
EDWIN c. JoI-INsToNE
is proud at iis fine shopping ceiiiue, constantly at the service of its rural customers.
perityiof ouricity is the Island's foremost industry ','AGR|CULTUR.E”
Edition and our best wishes to Agriculture and the Farmers gf the province I
\
"And in its pride acknowledges that ever behind the continued growth and pros- I if i
and the count-
less farmers who ‘make our city their trading ond .sI1opping"dcenn-e
Our congratulations to the Guardian -Evening.-.Patriot on this splendid Form
for
Mayor
-cHAnLoTTETowN.”
I... *1
.. V-rt... .,. .
......».... - ...
. . \ .-.....iv,-.~.s--...»»..-. ....-op-.-scout...-..... I‘ .s. ....-w, -
., W.-. - ....,..,.....-.