JANU _ -_ _ - ____ __ a me cua|1l.o'r'rmlowN' cualiouin _ _
__ _,_ _:__ '_ __TY_____ _TL - _ _ =___:_____-__ _==
:'_,__._»3,¢___._f.f' SALE'_ i I 'N'E'WSY~' RARM NOTES `
_Ladies Silk
_Unde1‘W&u1'°
particularly beneficial' to agriculture,
_pecial me-of' __ - _.~__.___.._..._i.._,,~
4 . / - I ' _ ` ' '
BllDl» Tlll`.l_‘Al.Mll.'Gl FRIENDS, The Next Poultry Cong-reag
~ ._ ‘F me _ » - ' _ We do not think of the large group _ The World's Poultry. Science Asso-
I ' (jneathird _ 01,1110” sir-ils.~wluo1_r lnoluaos uroieuilon was for-nies about elglussn
f - _ Gillis. Ducks l'and_Plovers, as being years ago, but during the war it was
necessarily dormant Since then three
Bl??1n.ers’ Shias’ t%?WnB’ Combinatiqns and but thstxthis is a mistake the follow- Ovngresses have been held. the last Coo__e Coats n B grellil _ 019911118 b9»1‘g8i11_ ing anecdote wlu snow. when tho being nt _oltswn 'rue obieots ni the offqh - > ’ State of Utah was first settled the Association were briefly- stated _at
grain crops were 'attacked by myr
that Congress' by the then President,
_ _I - _
I iads_gf crickets which completely de- MT. Edward Brown. as "'10 e_nla1-g°e
~ _ , - H . , _ __ stroyed them- This was a catastrophe the vision of workers over the entire
or rxds .I
` (Ex rirnelltal Ilia;-ms Note) 'rho successful rearing 0! Diss dur- ing the winter months requires much greater skill than at any other time of the yekr. The main fact/ore neces-
__~..
sary areE- il) Early litters. Pigs intended _for winter should be farrowed riot later tnan the month of September; ,this gives them time for a good start be- fore cold weather.
izl Clean yard. A good clover field
Dr clean yard with clover sod is ideal lor them to run in. Avoid all old yards and wallows.
<3) Clean and dry sleeping quarters,
These should be entirely ,free from drsughts, but provided with ventila- tion, This can often be secured by boxing in one corner of the pen and covering the top with narrow boards several inches apart, and covering with straw; with plenty of straw this makes a good sleeping place.
to Suitable rations. From wean- ing until four nlontlih of ire the fol- lowing ration will be satisfactory: 200 pounds of finely ground oats. 200 pounds or middlings, _so pounds or wheat bran, 50 pounds of barley or corn, lbpounds each of linseed oil meal and tankage, 55 pounds of bone eine and a pounds of slut. 'mis should always be fed as a warm slop mixed with skim-milk or buttermilk. As the pigs get‘o1der increase the proportion of ‘barley or cos-n. Be very careful not to over-feed; every meal should be all cleaned up quickly, and more looked _for. A supply of ai- fslfa or clover hay should be on hand at all times, and a few mangela or
Speclaiiiinner on
Suniioy’s at tile
_ . i
P i Control measures recommend for
_ Conaomma ala Nyll.
E Lettuce Ild CBIBTIL i Quen of Frittera. _ 1 Sliced Tomatoes. _
' noni Dressed Chicken. Bfvwu navy. apple Jelly. pw
asparagus tlpa, cream _of potatoes prime alrloin roast beef, dish gravy. sliced beets, |r_laal\_sd turlllpa, lnaahsd and boiled potatoes. English plum pudding. hard sauce, alllllealll lellwll chocolate sauce. sponge sake; tea ple. french pastry, vanilla loo ereain. colnee, Vi Tone, cocoa. l
FISH FOR FOX -'FEED I
ani in n position so ini-null sos- ranchers with freah fish--“tomlly° soda” and lat-Bali-`7||\ minimum lltl of 100 ibs.;»at"08.00 per 100 lba. _'_.l'hil ls your opportunity to vary your fox- diet and supply the iodine content
J. 0. LEWIS.
1000-1-0-ai. Alperton. rin. 1.
C. M.. Lampson'& Co., uurran.
- as qnoon amen
Medan. l=._o. 4. man _
Public Augtion _ Sales naw runs, 31332.? wlu____|»’s_nis-aaa_- to I. 'r. nilnna. an-' menus. r.l.~¢|. ~ ‘ ‘~ ilrhllllll UU.
Ai ' _ ".i:"- *P*-_ New !er_l. ll. 1. _
_ ___ _ .
I or adjacent to an old knot. It usually
known as Plowrlglrtin morhoss isen.)
appléa givenvdaily. Keep all pens 'clean and supply drinking water each
day. 1 _
BLACK KNOT OF PLUMS AND
CHEBBIES '
(Experimental Farms Note) Cultivated plums and cherries in
Canada are frequently subject to thc ittacks of_a/fungous Qsease called ` “black knot" which produces striking _and characteristic symptoms. The knot is first ln evidence ash slight swelling of a branch. This may ap- pear on an apparently normal twig
lbecomes apparentt in the spring after
covering of a velvet-like pile which
on this velvety surface disappears. giving way to a darker colour and by
of immature -winter spore bodies.
Sacc. The spores, which mature in the Niagara Peninsula about March, are known to initiate primary infec- tion on branches of normal plums and cherries soon after. The summer stage which matures in May and June is also thought to produce infection sometime later. Infectionsioccurring during one year are usually not ap- pamnt as knots until the following spring when growth begins. '
practice are as follows: -1. The removal of wild plums and cherries adjacent to cultivated orch- ards; 2. Pruning ,_out knots from branches of cultivated treesalready affected: 3 Spraying to prevent new infections. - _ ~ _ A ' _
In pruning out knots from cultivat-
ed trees the branch should be out sev- eral inches below the external evi- dence of the knot: careful pnsning should be carried out early in the spring and also late ln ins snli in or- der to remove the knots prior to spore formation. These knots must then be burned, otherwise spore formation will continue even though excised Lam the tree. '
The following applications of,Bor-
deaux have successfully controlled the disease: I _ ' 1. During late March or early April; 2. when buds are beginning to swell; 3. When new knots begin to show the velvety coating; 4. One or two subsequent applications at two week intervals may be necessary in _somc` years. .
rmal. 'rumors ram '
" _ ` ro 1|. n. cnarsulsl
Marked tribute/to the memory _of Henry Daniel Chapman, well known throughout Eastern Canada as a lum- berrnan and authority on foreetlgvss paid at his funeral held yesterday af- ternoon. A snort ‘ser-vleo was held at mis me borne. wa xe'nnln¢ion` Apartments, Elgin >Btreet, following which Rev. Canon J. 1*. Gorman con- ducted the funeral service at Bt. .lohn's- Abguosn onuren. f
Many beautiful floral tributes and
messages of sympathy were received by the bereaved family from friends in and outside of Ottawa, including a fillfli tribute from the Daparhnant-o! tharaterior and romtry as-anon with
Ohapmaa-rrvras associated his death . - '
surviving rela-
Wil- ter.
lll‘l»J.
_f_or'a Young settlement- but ~-the peo-
their Prospects hopeless. crickets ap-
newed the attack. Suddenly from all directions came 'great flocks of
uation. This almost miraculous deliv- erance resulted in laws protecting I-11° Bulls and a few years ago a monument was erected in that gull,
its services when the State was young. ~ ~ 'f _
PGPHIPS our two commonest spec-
lf-il Of Bulls are the Herring Gull. and Bi_maparie's' Gull. In Britain the for- mer is sunlciently familiar with
imagine. because in times past they
ible gunners.
i
ous other insects, which inhabit the water or the waterside.
The Plovers, and Sandpipers, while
they are here, are purely insectivor- ous. and like the ducks, feed on those insects which are among the worst pests to man and animals.
Since writing about the Owls, !
reostnnt the soreeon' owl, besides being an' lndefatigable mouser, is a great foe to the domestic sparrow. During the winter nights-it searches every place likely tc harbor that un- welcome immigrant, and this ac- counts for the bones of small birds found in the stomachs examined This bird, lit is stated, will readily take up its abode about the farm buildings. if provided with a suitable box ‘as described in a previousnote.
Globe, an to make availableto each
Pl°'did not loeeheart, and next your the experience of all, to increase their they sowed as before. Then._ to make' number and their capaclty\for ser-
ice. to substitute co-operation for iso-
-Doared in greater numbers. and re-f lation, and to merge communal out-
loolrs in the working for lnimnniiy." The primary step was to' influence
i"ranki_ln’s which-speedily clear-» _governments to bring poultry hus- ed off the insects and saved the sit- ibandry into their projects for nation-
al development of latent resources. and this has been accomplished be- yond the most ardent anticipatlons.
Mr. F. C. Elford. the new President;
in Bait Lake Cityf in recognition of, has just returned from s European
_tour and fou.nd all the countries vis-
ited eager to participate in the next congress. which will be held in the Crystal Palace. London. England, during the week commencing July' 22, 1930. The livebird exhibit of Ca-
; growth commencw when me bark man as to follow the plough and pick nadian poultry is being supervised by rupmres and me “revises become up the wire-worms grubs and cock- a committee headed by Mr. George 'yeu°wi_m_bmwn m cdoun The chsfers, (June Bugs) from the new Robertson of the Experimental Farm .mu-mg enimu M 'www pmgunn turned sod. The only reason they do at Ottawa, while the Dominion gov- md in _mm or _,my th’ bwwnhh not carry out this practice here, is, 1 ernmental activities and exhibits are
being presented by Mr W A Brown
rfa developsagreenish tinge. In _ ° ' ‘ '
su xevieweeks the enme sunace “_ “V0 MCH Persecuted by "sports“| Chief of the Poultry Division. Live
:uma ou” green mwlour dm mme who shoot at every bird they see. Stock Branch. Ottawa. Exhibits are'
Happily under the Migratory Birdsialso being prepared by the various
_ Act they (and other shore birds) are i provinces. and altogether the occas-
nsists fth umm . Late
°° ° e A et spot" r now protected from such lrrespons-' lou will be a. memorable one. _
_ Gulls, moreover, act as_scavengers.i The Hay Market
me iipnfibsr °_;_§°_;°b°:_' £32.35 clearing away those cadavers whlchi - _
P" °° y b M '°° I ° 9 w_ould otherwise become objection- 1-lay prices have been steady since
_ a le on our shores. _ navigation closed at. Montreal and
T§_°__h_k“_:”t_:‘{__Be“px:;K vm We value he ducks only for the Quebec but exports fr0m_Nova Sco- I' ___ __° _ _ “_ _____;'___md A sport they afford. and as viands for tie and New Brunswick fre expected D” ,“ y °r °°mp° y the table; but. as is well known, to increase at the beginning of the much' They “ry In nu mm ya w young birds are very partial to ani- year, orders having been received for I7 mm” 1°" by % "° 2% mm" In mal diet, and the duckilngs are val- January shipments to England, New- ‘”““°*“ 'md "°°°‘“° P°""““‘“' us_s1¢'sesi.royess or ine eggs, punso sonnulnnu and the west males. of "We" ' ' and larvae of mosquitoes, black flies.. 1,000 tons No. 2 and 3 Timothy from
BW* ‘"1" 1* °‘““'1 by " ‘““3“-‘ norso-nies irnosniusel and nniner-‘ N. B., on 1000 ions my from central
N- B. There are surpluses of about
.2000 tons No. 1 and I timothy and
Dyke hay in the sackville, N. B.. dia- trict, and 100 tons mixed hay in Cen- tral N. S.
Dealers are buyingirl at the foi- lowlng prices in N. B. and N. S., per_ ton. baled. fi o. b.. local shipping points. Timothy No. 1, 013 to $14; N0. 2. $11 t0 S13; NO; 3. $10.50. Clover N01 1. $11.50; No. 2, 1050; No. 3, $0.50. Mined, No. 17311 to la: No.2. aio to $12; No. 3. $9 to 811.50. Dyke hay. No. 1. $13: N0~. 2. $12: N0. 3, |10. Oat Straw. No. 1. $6.50 to 10.
As an item of interest it may be
noted that Timothy No. 1 is quoted ln Manitoba oi tal per ton. Albsftl $18 to $20 and in the Fraser Valley, B. C.. $15 t0 $18.
FEED SHURIAGE
IN UNTARIU
...__ (Bpecial to the Guardian)
B'I'R.ATFOR.D. Jan. 4-Shortage of
feed which has already made itself felt among the farmers throughout westion ontario, is noi. yet souls in the district. But indications are that it will be more serious ‘Before spring, One of- the chief reasons that the shortage has not been felt more keen- ly as yet is that the hay. crop was fairly good in this district last year and the farmers are feeding a great deal of what they term. "rough feed" insteaduof grain. The root crop, ow- ing to the unusually dry summer. was almost a failure, and the corn crop was almost as bad in many places. Dairymen .are buying sub- stitutes for root pulp and ensllage in the roi-rns'os ollooke. ai-an and beet `pulp, but many complain the prices on these are high._Hogs are going io 'surfer-snost' from the seen snort- asv as it is generally felt among the farmers that it is"_a' loss of money to fgedgraln to pigs at the present price of grain. lions are selling iow- er also. they report. Those who have plenty of skimmed milk an feeding that, while others are getting rid of their nop. 'rim the stables in»inu district are well filled with livestock is the opinion voiced by a 'number of prominent farmers. One man tuonglri um, the cries. nvoéiwr im pure bred-gstock, had not been aa \al¢1‘1_a| thermight have been lm- ry and farmers had been hauling on
prices. Another farmer llvalmli was noeinslns
nobody _want io W7 auch a probiin. .
is
a‘».i"1':'l».;.o,. f .' ._
an.
NOTED LUMBERMAN
REMOVED BY DEATH
Henry D. Chapman Dies In Hospital After Two Days’ Serious Illness.” Henry Daniel Chapman. known
throughout Eastem Canada as a lum- berlnan and authority on forests, died yesterday at a local -hospital in Ot- tawa, after a serious illness of, two days' duration. Although Mr. Chap- man had been in poor health two months, his death was quite unex- pected.
Mr. Chapman was born at Dorf
chester, N. B., 62 years ago and was a member of one of New Brunswick’s oldest and best known families. _He spent his early life at' Moncton. From the beginning of his career, Mr. Chapman took great interest influm- berlxlg and soon mpde it his life- work. / '
He became superintendent of the L.
M. Palmer Company, which has large lumber interests in Northem New York state. Later, he camo to the Ottawa district and was connected
with the Canadian Cooperage Comp- any, which had mills at Cisietta and Sand Point. `
In 1915, Mr. Chapman entered the
Government service and was appoint- ed to the forestry branch, Department of the Interior. where he was em- ployed at the time of his death. He was considered one of the ablest-of- ficials in the branch and'hi.s work was characterised by sound knowledge and thoroughness. '
Of a quiet dispmitioh. Mr. Chap~
man was not a member of any clubs or fraternal organisations, with the eaéeption 'of tih ilaapnlc 0rder.‘ He was adevout Anglican and attended Bt. John’s Church. '
Surviving him are his wife, who was
eulnmerside',- one son William Henry
e s 5 e §
gli gi e
f5._°r
|l__i ,__________ _
‘> '~ .
._
OOO
frlioi one of Yoo# _ _ as,_wn._|_.uas__ul.|.\u_a‘ _
laarhto-llaart
Oil
fig; _ ‘I ;ff§i5 '_ '_
soo ooo4_o~`oe`ooe novoéeeoee 9
_ BECAUSE ITB COLD ‘
Just because t.he_weati1er`-is cold the car owner hhould ‘bear in mind:
That the higher the volatility of the 1uolhs.uses_tne_1css uhelinood is there ‘of oil dilution. _ _
That _radiatori shutters .should be
oiled occasionally to make them work
"euier.._ _ "~"`
'i‘hat`part ofhtheoil which show* s
the gauge may be gasoline which has_ seeped into the crankcase.
'Bassas ,Musa Nor Locx
.-, -
Brakes that work so wen may look
are nolrgood on any kind of 'surface On 's silppéry one; they result in skids. The best brake adjustment is one that stops just short'of locking.
our our on 'ras plana' _ _
Dis mounting on the lelt side of the
car is not to be encouraged ,at any seasria. lt is especially bad when road surfaces are slippery and the driver of an oertaklng car might be forced to apply his brakes too suddenly or swerve to avoid a mishap.
:ray pusnrna 1.1nn'r1.y ” '
If tl-E car is unable to get traction
l nthe snow next to the curb when one is trying to get outof a parking Siiace, the occasion is not one__for an extra dose of engine power. On the contrary,'if the _accelerator is only lightly depressed a5d_ someone pushes the car the chances of getting out without delay are much better.
OPEN 'l'HB.0'I'I‘LE WIDEB
The colder the any uré wider me
hand throttle should be opened when the engine is being started.
GETTING DOWN BAFELY
One of the best uses to which the driver can. put the high compression engine is in using it as a brake when descending a hill the surface of which is slippery. Going into low gear is one of the” best ways of getting down safely. e
axrl,/ulvs 1`lac_K-rlnn__m_ _
Why lean _mixtures back-fire is not
clear to many car owners. It is due to the fact that such a mixture has a larger proportion of air to gssblins which makes it bllrn more slowly. Due 'D the delay in burning, the charge of fuel coming from the carburetor often makes its appearance before the flame of the other has ceased. It le igriited. That is tl-le back-'fire cause.
_ a Loosr: snoemxr-:LY `
when _ins enclosed brake squesks it
may be due to looseness of one of the _shoes.
< HABDEB ON HEADLIGHTB
- Jlffillt and vibration -are common causes of the headlights getting out of sinner aim. since winter roads, paok~ ed with_ snow so often, are rougher lt Diyito keep an eye on the focus and _llmiha 0! the headlamps more often.
SEBV_lCl:S_ APPEECIATED 0n"t.he evening' of January 4th., a few of i.no'_friope's _on behalf of wins loe station' Riu-sl Ronin No.. i, inet at the home of the mail courier, Mr 'I'horna.s'Dia.mond, to convey to him their appreciation of his efilcient services. After refreshments were served by Mrs. Diamond an addresil was read by' Mr. R/eagh Home and a presentation. of an Arctic Bunalo coat, Duffalo cloth robe, horse blank et and a aum”of money was made by Messrs. Bert' Younker and Her- bert_1-Iorne. .
Mr. Diamoud_ although complgqg.
ly taken by surprise thanked them kindly _for their thoughful act 'and senerolily. rollowingls tho address: lsr. 'rnomu Diamond, winsloe, At~the Ntillllillk of mother year
your many friends on the Winaioe Station Rural Route desire tp ex- press _their great appreciation "of the very faithful and satisfactory ser. vices which. you are continuing to render as our mall courier. Much ol the service rendered .has beenglven at considerable inconvenience to yourself, but it has not been for-
formerly Mlm” liian Cflalurgey. of.gotten_by ua, and we wish-at this
tlmstoshowaonlsthingofoures-
olnipman, ebotiawa; daughter, iam _ans appreciation “oy ' smog Illia Moore' inda-sister.'yms'u'i, accept..-this_ little token _ of
ma 1. .i.;s'|»mnno. --i -- _ -n _
uvesi sl slssxensusion snaennondl ~. wi_»hin¢<yon one your rnairy-nu lusiusa-est. ‘ 'sro»a_ir0v-.¢uo_~n»vplaue.=~e~rr1ns'1ue
:sara-<we_au'."~youls gratefully, - .
' ` ..° :""r. _ ~ '
E
- .- ,wld .~ ~
na-
Ja
ier No. con
K lo
De (n ed
METROPOLITAN STO
IIIIIE BIG SIIVIIIG DAYS
' 'ro .__ .._..
- .laN.1sta ' _ yan
l JAN. sul
*
MENS _ I Guaraaalged BUPER6 GUEST I KIDDIEQ
ALL WOOL _ VACUUM RADIO IVORY ALL WOOL
WORK BOSE BOITLES BATTERIES TOILET SOAP aWa'.A'aa'.|c5
3 PR. 1.00' 49. 69, 1.00 39c 7 FOR 25c $1,00
ia.
SILK PUFF MIBSES MEN'S MENS
'T_flA*i' 1-:_-:~_.-:xi
15c€¢49c
FIRST
cam covltns rl.aNNn_l.n'r'rs: CHAMBBAY wool. raauunr. cLi...... ........
Nrclrr Gowns “’°“" 5“"“`s woalr sluars CUPS AND
$1.'°°_ o9o $1.00 $1.390
Em roidered ‘
‘ » T IDI I-itch ._ .. »»---»» »~=-»- »»»- soo Q--of 2 S°“_35_°Fi
rL.aNNnl.n1'rr: nnauxnrs nusn srcclar.
' LOOK MEN I slu-f vs-:sr AND stood" ' i
° ,MER .
Double lied Size
$1.00 EACH
csuuruc
Broadciotll
V1 5 "1 we vi
$1.00 Soo ~f;;~
First Qualify, all Shadcmund ___
Th' ""1 V""° I” 2000 to ohooso from _ S'"’- »~ _
.._;
BROADCLOTU I I* rfasnlolv llulln nncssns ° “°°vE';M;‘g‘(g“ Fm' A-"‘°i'“°°“ 1 Separate or Attached Collars. V
. Sires 1455 to I7. `
SURPRISE '-
LAUNDRY SOAP
5 BARS 25o
Lanu.-:s' vnu. rasulonan _ _
FLANNELEHE 1-um: slur Hosn I ALL Wow' HERE MEN '
f`sll.l< AND wool. ' '
Buy now and Sa/e._ _ __ _
_ Nlcurnowns M, 5,, d ‘ _ nlwss Souls
“ “S “nd Lanlcs uosr: ' "
Lon! or abort Sues ' F" Wim" W“f“"'
oss... < =‘=“°= _ 95C _89¢ PAiR 396 P
Each Day ‘9 to l0and2to3
$1.00 why Pay More E Full Fashioned 3
naples nnporios
llosa: worm raN'rs Any ,me ,H the SET -im Bon Bon NTEB
Dishes UNDER "
9 'sn si... $1.00 ' soo LACH sa... "o, -Is.;
5 _
l
Uuu_m,EN,5 Egg; HAND MGS 5 Plncr-:s __ C ____:p;__.. wool. coal-' WEAMNG _,ND PURSES new nowr. “°" “‘” ____ "
I 1 49 PAIR si... woin"i 'ij
c C? 69c $1 00 _ _ __
Herb. Horne
J. Reagh Home.
11. lst., 1930. Mr. Thomas Damond, mail cour-
of Wlnsloe Station Rural Route
1.\", _ _
- MBS. FRANK DUNPIIY
The death :occurred at Morell onI o. zsin,1aza, or Mrs. Frank Dnnpny ee Katherine Sinnotti. The deceas-` llad been in ill health for selmral.
1. wlsues to tunnis all loose who' tributed to the gifts recently pre-‘
sented to him and hopes hat their
ood will may never have occaslon_
months and all that medical aid and kind nursing couidkdo was of no avail and she passed peacefully away on the above mentioned date. She was visited frequently and consoled during her illness by her pastor, Rev. Joseph ROODGY. who also administered to her the last rites of the church.
On Monday, Dec. 30th her funeral
largely_aitended in spite of inclement weather, was held at St. Lawrence`s
_Church, where a High Mass of Re-
She leaves, to mourn_ _s sorrpwln(
husband, two sisters, and fiys brothers who will cherish the memoryof p., ing wife and sister. ' __ _ . ~_,
The hearse was driven, byi.Poia
Duuphy, and the pall bearers _ were Frederick Sinnott, Lawrence Joseph Walsh, Edward ._-_Rassttou Frank McCarthy and Phiiip..Blnnat\
May her soul rest in peace. .sn
s' 1. /yr
quiem was chanted by the Reverend Hs (ln love); "lug 5 .m|,|f,|g¢.|g PHS*-01'. a. msn to go through life a.lona1'.'i
There her remains e were laid in she iunsympgmetlgguyy; eww
their last resting place there to await dong you ggi, your moths;-.;°.ghgp
a glorious resurrection.
cron you?" - =»._
,..
' QUALITY of Product
i
A
vi. -\
0x70 o
Excels In _
as
\» ~.
n
l»
' RICHNESS of Vitamine Confenf .
~.»
SUPERIORITY in Highest-class _ ` `_j
Pelt Production .
/ .F ,,,,-_
Eco/volwv in Feeding coolo 1 S'
...~.- . .
i".C°..|.
nasal
1 ` ¢
For sale by distributors in leading business ' centres and direct from factory. `
I »
. I iw
lmrenim. Blscuir Co. _ '_
cnaniorrsrown .__
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wal
H~»i\l.s
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n_._..
mmau T%Q‘§$7"”A :“_“ F.-.=.=s=--' fr <.=~§¢“.:::,....;~..‘
_-ui _.L21 ;‘___, --1._
4_5.; ” ‘:_2°“:_.
¢"°'zv‘l_` 1i'i'i_.