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Rural Youth Achievement '1 tie une snowing made by 4-H Club members'at. the Harvest Festi- val and Rural Youth Fair is credit. able to all concerned. These young people are not complaining about lack of opportunity in Prince Ed- uard Island. They are making their own opportunities, thereby benefit- ing themselves and their commun- itics, and setting an inspiring ex- ample to others. (".i-eat credit goes to the young people themselves for this achieve- ment. The Agricultural Department is also to be commended for its ef- forts in directing their activities along the most profitable lines. And there is another factor of importance to be noted in this connection. We hazard the guess that the successful participants in the junior contests this week came, for the most part, rom homes where their efforts have been given concrete encourgement. Young people need incentives if they are to take an interest in farming, and too often in the past these in- centives were withheld. Some years ago we published. from a Boston exchange, the following lines as a reminder of a condition which was not uncommon in rural communities at one time, and which caused many unnecessary heartbreaks:

"Why did you leave the farm, my lad? Why did you bolt and leave your dad? Why did you 'beat it' off to town

And turn your poor old father down?"

"I left my dad. his fann, his plow, Because my calf became his cow:

I left my dad, 'twa.s wrong. of course. Beca my colt became his horse.

I left my dad to sow and reap Because my lamb became his sheep; I dropped the hoe and stuck the fork Because my pig became his pork. The garden truck that I made grow Was his to sell. but mine to hoe."

The success of our Rural Youth Fair is evidence that these lines do not apply to the younger people of today. Farming is a co-operative family enterprise, and young and old are now sharing, not only in the work, but in the pride of personal possession and achievement.

Orphanage Campaign

Our citizens are reminded of the privilege they have of contributing, once again, to the annual drive of the Protestant Orphanage for funds. The drive starts on Monday, and there is every reason to expect that the response. as in other years, will be prompt and generous. Fortunately it is not necessary to enlarge upon the importance of such a campaign. Our orphanges in this Province are doing a work which must appeal strongly to every responsible citizen. Their successful operation is due to the zeal and initiative of compara- tively few of our citizens, but all can participate in the work to the extent of their means, and share in the satisfaction that comes from main- taining these institutions adequately, and on a voluntary basis. Every dol- lar contributed is a gilt-edged in- vestment In community welfare.

Something New

'A couple of weeks ago reference was made in these columns to an announcement by Premier Small- wood of Newfoundland that in his first speech in the current election campaign he would "attack" himself and his Government for their fall- ufu and mistakes since they were (Ara! elected to office. Well, the

I been has been delivered; and one

I -an stunting that its unusual rub entitles it iosefe keeping

have been extravagant": "I believe vehavewastedsomeofthepubiic money, perhaps 17- of It. P9111895 more, perhaps event 10”,-3”; "We were not as watchful as we should have been to see that there was no dishonesty, no extravagance, no in- efficiency, no waste".

No one is so simple as to suppose that Mr. Smallwood said these things, or any one of them, just to help out his political opponents. He feels, no doubt, that the favourable psychological reaction to his candqur will more than compensate for any loss of confidence in the Government that might develop from his confes- sion. In that he may be right. At any rate, he has contributed something new and entertaining to political campaigning tactics.

Unilattering Appraisal

Sometimes it looks as though

Soviet diplomats regard their West- ern ,counterpai'ts as morons who don't know the difference between a pledge and a guarantee. The latest exhibition of this unflattering ap- prajgal was given in Washington at the atoms-for-peace conference. The American delegate, backed by all his Western colleagues, proposed that all countries having bilateral agree- ments for the exchange of atomic materials for peaceful purpose should agree to some sort of mutual control system which would-make certain that the materials would in fact be used for non-military purposes. It is hard to see how any country with honest intentions could possibly dis- agree with that kind of proposal. However the Soviet delegate called it "an attempt to infringe on the sovereignity of nations" and said it would be quite enough for countries sharing in the plan to give a "pledge" against misuse of the materials and from time to time report to the in- ternational agency just: how they were being utilized.

That, of course, would be tant- amount to giving any aggressive nation permission to go ahcad and convert atoms for peace into instru- ments of war at its discretion. Yet, apparently, the Soviet d e l e g a t e fhinks that eventually the West will grow tired of the whole conti'0V9l'S.V and submit to the Soviet will in the matter. He practically said as much In his speech to the conference. Yes, there is only one explanation for it: the Russians think that all Western diplomats are feeble-minded.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Montague flunior Board of Trade believes in preaching traffic safety rules by example. Its mem- bers have set to work painting cross walks on all the streets of their town for the use of school children. These safety zones will reduce the accident toll and contribute to the general welfare of the whole community.

0 O I

Premier Fleming of New Bruns- wick says that the present fiscal policy of the Federal Government, as reflect.ed in anti-inflationary mea- sures of the Bank of Canada, is "about as sensible as a man with 10 children feeding them all caster oil regardless of their individual needs." This is not the sort of language that professional economists would use in discussing fiscal matters but it probably sums up the situation just as well. p

I I 0

Whatever in the world has hap- pened to the public opinion experts in the United States? Are they stay- ing in hiding because of the glaring errors they made in 1948 or because they don't like to come right out and say the Democrats are gaining ground? Incidentally, a tentative and brief survey carried out by New York Times reporters indicate that last week the farm belt was slightly more Democratic than Republican. By now of course the situation may be different.

Isn't it a hit too early to enter into controversy over a choice of title for young Prince Charles, Heir Apparent to the crown of his royal iimtlnthenonnsicourseofevents hewiiibewellupinhisflfties, per- haps a good deal older, before the call to Majesty comes his way, and

WHERE WE HAVE THE ADVANTAGE

Cape Route Costs

By Patrick Scale. United Kingdom Information Office

The SIIPL Canal crisis is at its peak. The decisions taken in the next few days may vitally affect not only the future of the water- way but also the rate of econom- ic dcvclupmcnt of nnicli of the Middle East and Asia

A vast change in the pattern of world trade and communications is being planned which would mean at least a slow death for Egypt's Canal Zone-now the country's most prosperous arca- a sharp fall In revenue for Middle Eastern oil producing countries and severe dislocation of the industrial plans of India. Pakistan and Ceylon.

The issues are clear out. Colonel Nasser has not budged from his thesis that the management and control of the Suez (fanal must be his alone. Faced with a display of outdated nationalism, the tradit- ional users of the canal are un- willing to trust their vital trade to Nasst-r's political good faith and managerial competence. They have therefore made plans w ich. at substantial short-term con to themselves. will at least free them from Egyptian pressure. GATHERING MOMENTIYM

In the last few weeks evidence of this flexibility has been report- ed almost daily and plans in by- pass the canal in favour of the route lround the (ape of Good Hope have been gathering moment- um

Coinmitlces in Europe and the U.S.A. have made detailed arranE- emenls to divert Wt-stern lIeniis- phere oil to Eiiropc should a drop In Middle Faslcrn suppies follow a boycott of the canal. Washing- ton estimates l'S.A. surplus uil capacity could easily meet those needs. Some 26 ll.S. reserve fleet tankcrs could he brought into tran- satlantic scryicc. The construction of super-tankers too large in any

case for the ritual and capable .

of rounding the ('ape economical- IV -has been uixen izrcater urtica- cy.

Latest reports sttizgcst the IIS. Government unuld contemplate subsidizing i.:i;inl tanker building. Already soinc Iititl such tankers are under t-onstriit-lion in world ship- yards. Britain is giving active attention to 2: III pound million plan to build. at Milford Hrncn. R terminal capable of act-niuodah in: such giants Meanwhile. ato- mic power plans are to be speed- ed to relieve undue. dependence upon nil DE'MIl.EI) AIKRANGI-IMENTR

Arrnntzemcnts for the provision- inc. htinkcriniz and watering of

shins divcricd 'round the Cape are -

heini: 'inali'rcd, Plans to prmide more hunkcriniz points in Durban liarbour have been put into nnPl'd- lion. Dakar in French West Afri- ca--clsiminc :l0 hcrlhinz nlzwvse has been rniuintlnig transit ships that It l.I.tino of the chcaitt-st re- fuclling ports in the world because of the low freight charges to carry oil from the refineries of (liirncao.

But what of the effect of thus-

changes on Egypt's Middle East- era and Asian friends? Excepting Egypt herself, It is in these count- ries that the Suez crisis carries the most menace.

Almost half the southbound car- goes through the Suez in 1955 con- sisted of machinery and manti- factured metals. Indis. Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon received by that route one and a quarter mil- lion tons of machinery and metal manufactures. Almost 700,000 tons went to South East Asia and a slightly smaller amount went to the Persian Gulf states. Other southbound cargoes included 2.5 million tons of fertilizer. largely destined for Asian agricultural programmes.

INDIA'S PLAN TIIREATENI-II)

Indials five-year plan, now in its early stages. is threatened with dislocation if ships carrying vital industrial machinery for her are forced 'round the Cape. More than 65 per cent of Indials foreign trade passes through the canal as op- posed to only In per cent of Brit- ain's. An important point Is that only a fraction of India's trade is carried in Indian ships, Foreign tonnage is mainly supplied by Brit- ish. Norwegian. Dutch. Japanese

I and American lines.

All these factors apply equally to neighbouring countries. Passen- gers to the Far East will be hit by the 20 per cent surcharge that the P and 0 Line have just in- troduced as a result of the Cape diversion. while Colombo Port it- self will lose an estimated 10,000 pounds of business for every large liner that by-passes it on its Cape route to Australia.

MAIN VICTIMS

But. of course, the port to stiffer most will he Port Said. One of the busiest ports in the world and the subject of ambitious development schemes by the Egyptian Govern- mt-nl. Port Said is now threatened with decline. Not only are local businr-ssincn. shipping agents and suppliers faced with bankruptcy. but a major effect of U.S.A. sup- port for the proposed Canal Users' Association will be to deny Ellybt dollars now being paid her "un- der protest" as canal dues. With- out this source of hard currency and dcnied the use of sterling, Ekyplsls slender reserves will be under great strain.

Apart from the countries depend- ent- for development and trade on western equipment and shipping. the main victims of Nasser's in- tran-aigcance will he the Middle East oil producers. The Cape route could carry less than half as much oil as the canal has been carrying. US. oil producers are ea- ger to make up this difference. The net result would be a cut in Middle Eastern output. It is estim- mind there would be a drop of nearly a third In total Middle Eastern oil output and rovaltit-s of about half in those fields that depend most on the canal outlet.

Russians In Mediterranean

By William Courtenay

Britain's 250 year old policy of keeping the Russians out of the Mediteranncan has been burst wide open by Nasserl-i acceptance of Russian aircraft and military experts. This is the most serious aspect of the Sues Canal trouble. In lrliish eyes it is not Egypt but Rusla who will ixntrnl the Canal and its traffic. if the West accepts llie Foster Dulles plan of sending mpg via the Cape of Good nope. I: postpones the dav when the is- me has to be faced.

but Rt-scia who int 2 years

of catering

moist control of Albania. Russia edlbllshed I

nor submarines from the Black Sea Into the Mediierannean. this see now seems wide open to Rus- sian peritratlon.

MATIII OF CONCERN

. under the

.PUBLlC FORUM

fblaeoia-nisepealetlslluno lee by uerrespeedaats of questions I Interest. he Guardian dues not necessarily endorse the opinion at eanqeeeeels.

MARITIME BEEF MARKET Sir.-In your issue of Sept. 25. front page heading "Farm Production Boost Seen as Maritimas' Need" you gave pub- liclty to a report of a panel dis- cussion on agriculture, which took place at the Maritime Provinces Board of Trade convention In Moncton.

One of those taking part in the discussion was Dr. Waldo Walsh of Halifax, Nova Scotia's deputy minister of agriculture; and ac- cording to your report Dr. Walsh cited millions of dollars spent last year In the importation of beef Into the Maritimes and said that markets are readily avail- able for home produced meat.

In common with most persons I accept Dr. Walsh's assertions as facts. but In an effort to focus attention on our alarming pro- ducers' problem, I am going to ask:

if there were millions of dollars spent last year on the importation of beef into the Maritimes. and if there are markets readily a- vailable'for home produced meats. why is it that for most of the past three months there has been very little demand here for fin- ished beef cattle? And why is it that In recent weeks the price quotations for beef cattle here are anywhere from two to four cents per pound less than prices paid at the six principal markets across Canada?

Now. Sir, in view of the fore- going sltuation, I submit that Dr. Walsh would have performed is much greater service to the pro- ducers by calliniz attention to the present beef cattle marketing and Price problem in the Marltimes. than by citing the importation fact and thereby helping cauu g "Maritime production boost" which will aggravate the present alarming situation.

I am. Sir, eIf'., DANIEL GASS Cornwall, Pi-3.1,

new British GHQ Middle East - when a 9000 ft airstrip is ready ""1 Whe" ' 330.100 is being ex- pended 11955-1960) on the new G HQ for all Services is but an no "lllf-'8 Ilitzht from this Albanian horns-t'ii nests. This is little over an hours night for Bombers of either side.

RUSSIA'S PROBLEM -

Russia would have to move her submarine in parts. by land across Europe to assemble than at this MW line. but liven another 4 years of peace and this can be achieved even at a leslurely pace while the Base Is ompleted with all repair facilities: spares: and fuel for many years activities. It can be made self-contained.

Since Russia's heel of Cm sub- marines has only one oblectlve - the destruction of Anglo-American

that with shipping moving to and rum the less and Maisone-

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isease. . HARD ro DISPBOVI . It is extremely difficult to dip.-

svidence supporting this theory. However. scientists have conduc- ted c controlled experi- ments wlth animals and have come to the conclusion that biopsy does not disseminate cancer cells.

Now there's no doubt about ex- ternal influences In cancer. This was noted way back in 1775 when it was discovered that coal dust was related to the development of scrotal cancer in” chimney sweeps. And -we know there is such a thing as "occupational cancer."

But while cancer may appear at times to be related directly to a single wound or injury. it is virtually Impossible to prove the realtionship on all five points re- quired before it is considered an actual scientific possibility. QUESTION AND ANSWER

F.D. : Does cortisone help cure

Answer: There is no evidence that cortisone is of help In curing cancer. It is prirnsrlly used in treating of asthma. allergic dis- cases and in certain types of ar- thritis.

ELM! ON THE COAST

A tree is mostly water. so they tell us.

I cannot see the aims without the thought

Thai here are fountains in a wild, green splashing

Which fingers of the sky have somehow caught.

I once saw lines of them in coastal country

Where silent houses backed them where they stood.

I had the feeling they were like the ocean

'I'hst lhouted in the storm and found It good.

The people who walked near them seemed so sturdy

That no one looked to these and found a fault.

The clouds of elms still played unfailing fountains

And with the people touched the

ocean salt. -Daniel Smythe In the Christian Science Monitor.

The Age Old Story

And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver thee. and then shalt glorify Inc. v

OUR YESTERDAYS

From The Guardian Files

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (September 29, 1831)

Mr. H. T. Calvin. Summersith, was elected president at the an- nual meeting of the P.E.I. Optom- etric Association and J. S. Taylor, Charlottetown. vice president. Named on the Board of Examin- ers were G. F. Hutcheson. T. H. Colvin. L. R. Romcke. F. G. Hutch- esoa and H. J. Msbon.

TEN YEARS AGO (September 29. Imi Monsignor Jean Clislssnn. 94. oldest Roman Catholic priest in the Diocese of Charlottetown. died In Sacred Heart Home. He was a native of Tignlsh.

The first shipment of pure bred hogs ever to leave the Province for breeding purposes in Western Canada left here over the week- end. The e were 41 hogs destined to 27 I ivldual breeders in the Winnipeg and Edmonton areas.

get out or If in the Medltersnnean, lacked s base to which to return.

They would be In perilous pos- ition. dependent on one solitary base In an enclosed sea or lake with both ends at the Straits of Gibraltar and the Dardenelles bot- tied up. It may well suit the Al-

lies that Russia should expend much time energy money mater- Ial - and submarines - In trying totiadebsseia themiddleofa small enclosed see. Otherwise they would be a bigger menace from the Baltic la the Atlantic.

MAXIMS

'tlcrrES.ini;jiit4yvurvQgg

pheesaseeaoaaeddslailehc. ttoa.lIeH8Il!ClllIl'l'IlIllDlI'IUIs stiilia power.--Windsorltar

plelphl hint in today: j'"I'bo bestwsytogeiridofworriesis to let them die of neglect."-Strain ford Beacon-Harald

Sometimes ifs hard to Indu- stand the ' the ' use. but when they referpto iam- Ilies as "spending units" they're

'p”ng tight down to everybody's level.-Brandon Sun

At on London club the but is handed a menu which lists each item and its price. Ills guest is given the same list, only there are no prices on the guest's menu.- Atlantic Monthly

A major forest fire Ia 1056 is mi. IY twenty times more costly to the people of om:-to than would

ve been the case in our gum.

athers' day, says Mun, C H Smaie of Sault Ste. arie. At the. Present time a sincle ac Pulllwood forest can 'f.,.',ll:..”J IMO 31.500 worth of pulp ".1 mp. er products and the same acre can repeat its values time and time ll'3t.'l"-'sF0"5ll')' Association Bui- e in

Perhaps Ii is comforting t. know that our national credit is such thilzlilowe can buy and buy and buy, W "1 any real concern as to Plyment. it can drive a feeling of luemendous prosperity. But im- ess Canada intends to renoge on its debts. we must remember that all of this trade must be paid for, In some way or another, our im- Pofls must be matched with ex- port izoods or comparable value. -Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph

Members of the North Bay's P31. ice department are taking a course II! Judo as a means of handling violent prisoners. The police feel that If they become proficient In this renowned art of self defence the number of occasions when they will be required to use their pistols will be kept down to a min. imum. Theirs is a wise decision. -North Bay Nugget

"Alouette" has . evidently be. come the most national and Inter. national of folk songs. it has be- come an expression of Canadian unity as well as an expression of Canadian popularity abroad. Dur. ing the war it was sung In the Pubs of London. in Paris. New .Y0I'k- Edinburgh. Brussels. Abi- la-Chapelle, etc. One Canadian mayor understood its profound sig. nlflcance the other day when he struck up the tune at the Congress 0' Mayors and Municipalities.-Le Droit. Ottawa

PLYWOOD?

WE HAVE WHAT YOU NEED

CHANDLER BROS.

Idedfellslahrmn t and e "no lines" not for as due bunk borrowers and the Ilia volume returned was sbakespu--. The Tempest taken out in ms, Illlht be a good way to build-up first editions. Hamilton Spectu. or

A lesion Isaak u trying ...'.' new kind of bandit trap that slum: mm 01 " f It's an au- tomatic movie camera that opcr. um silently and Invisibly from a. bind a,one way mirror. It can cap- ture on film everything that hap- witl I holdup.-Prince A1.

A good many Canadians, we an PGCL will feel a sneaking gympl. "1! with an unknown Frenchman who recently outraged ldvgncgd art circles in Paris. At an exhibl. tion of modern paintings, . ugh. ter was provided in which visit. on were asked to set down their Impressions of the show and their reasons for visiting it. The ua. known wrote: "Did not understand a thing. Reason for the visit: very bad weather outside."-Edmonton Journal -

lnilaii

has cut 12m

from the .. .. value of i your dollar since 1950 . . . but that dollar invested in

ivsruscirvli would have been

Worth Q2.64

cit p

as of Jun 30 this year.

Y0" CIII protect yourself against the rising cost of- IMNI In 'Censda's fore- Inonl compound Cllllllllln live mutual fund with purchases as low as 020.3,) per month . . .

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