1

' yearns-.1-.....-.-. YV out

THE GUARDIAN

Politico vA.r-:uoAk-duno:InAuIlPrnnAQ!C.Qu- IoAAAIo:vn.P.l.l..by'I'Io'!'hA-Aancomponqunilbd.

'0IvorA Prhuo llworl Iulnnl LI; 50 Dow" Iidltnrg rmik vvnniu Gcunl Hangar. III A. Dunn:

Inrrcl ollicn AI Surnrnenldc. Iluuxira All Alanna. Arron iudAASocondGAAoIAilII!IhoPAt0llleoDIDlI'CIlOIL 0tAAwA.

I: CA.r-A-iorxunnriounro-A. summon-ndollthposuoum. llno thumb? 3.1 tlw. 0t.hnA-P!vvueooAIdl.!.&A.ll1.I

psr Annun. '".l1Ao Alronxut rneurory in wonku till tho wonkuc ink.'

'I'lIESl)Ai'. JANUARY 18. IMO

"This Star . . . "

Back in 1905 Sir Wilfrid Laurier. speaking in the House of Commons, had; this to say: "The 19th century has been a century that has been remarkable for the marvelous development of the United States. During the whole period of that cycle of time the United States has been the great centre of attraction for all the world. But a new star has arisen upon the lioriznii. a star not in the orbit of the Aiiiwictiii constellatioii. but a star standing by itself resplendent in the Western sky. and it is toward this star that every im- migrant, every traveler, every man who leaves the land of his ancestors to seek a home for himself. now turns his gaze."

The Prime Minister had good cause for his optimistic outlook. At that very mo- ment the flood of Americans flocking into the newly created province of Alberta and Saskatchewan was so great that Sir Wil- frid's political opponents were charging him with plotting to make the Canadian West an American dependency, while in Eastern Canada some newspapers were say-j ing that annexation was only A matter ofl time. Of the 15.000 residents of Calgary.E 13,000 were Americans. Winnipeg was popularly known as an American city; and with good reason. for more than 90'r of

i

that the gentleman's Agreement be con- tinued. he was Atretchingithe truth A little too fAr.

"the circumstances which made neon- sary the 1952 verbal agreement with New Zealand have changed little, if at All. We have 10 to 15 million pounds of surplus cheese in Canada today. Our market in the United Kingdom is nothing like it once was. Ontario producers themselves have had to subsidize sales to that market. in fact have raised A fund of more than 51,000,000 to offer a more attractive price to British buyers. That fund. two cents on every pound of cheese made in Ontario, came out of the pockets of dairy farmers.

”Further, Ontario cheese producers are receiving assistance from both the Federal and Ontario governments in order to oper- ate their marketing scheme and try to sell surplus cheese abroad. If cheaper New Zealand cheese is allowed unrestricted entry this money could well be wasted. Another point missed by Mr. Howe was that the duty on New Zealand cheese is only one cent a pound. about five per cent. hardly worth mentioning when costs in the two countries are compared.

”Actually this New Zealand cheese was no more needed in Canada than is snow at the North Pole. It only adds to surplus troubles here. disrupts the market and is an additional source of worry to dairy farmers who already have enough troubles. It may help some Canadian manufacturer to sell products to New Zealand. a dubious advantage if it also means less buying pow- er for many thousand Canadian farmers."

EDITORIAL NOTES

The speedy passage of the new l'nem- ployment Insurance Bill by both houses of Parliament shows what can be done when members of all parties are willing to forgo

t l t

i 4 A I Mild Winter Martyrs

O'I'TAiVA REPORT

'Tariiis And Farm Products

By Patrick Nicholson

Are our i32lll?l'S bevoming pro- iectionists?

Our agriculiairalists. especially

its business establishments were controlledytheir right 10 indulge in tedious harangue, 3105? On We Pm1-'1e5- ha” "Nil"

by Americans. The immigrants came from3 Illinois. Iowa. Idaho, and the Dakotas; they came by passenger trains. freight cars. andi prairie schooners. They brought with them: American machinery. American ideas. ands in many cases. American capital: all in re- sponse to a Canadian Government invita- tion to "take them (free acres). run the plough through them this year and garner 40 bushels of golden wheat to the acre next year." The day of free land in the Amer- ican West had gone; in the new provinces

it had just begun. .

Many of these immigrants had done welli

out of the 160 free acres the United States Government had given them A few years before: now they had sold them at a good

price and come to Canada to repeat theirf

good fortune. In the main. however, they were young and middle-aged farmers de- termined to escape from the tenant farm- ing system which already has spread over their home States. In Canada they would find a new life, a new chance to achieve prosperity and independence. Now. fifty years later. there is no great influx of American farmers into the Canadian W;st. there being no large tracts of free and rich land to entice them. and the annexation scare has long since subsided. Today. the American "immigration" is in capital to help develop mines. oil wells. and all the other facets of a growing industrial econ- omy. Perhaps Sir Wilfred's prophecy has not been fulfilled in every particular; but certainly Canada's economic growth has been one of the startling developments of the first half of the 20th century: so much! so that an American financial expert said

only the other day that ”the Canadian dol- had is Shown in the recent recall by them;

in favour of a piece of business that re- quireth haste. I O 0

Official quarters in New Delhi have stat- ed that India is in favor of Red China re- leasing the 11 l'. S. Air Force crewmen she

has imprisoned as "spies". though they were-

captured. in uniform, while flying their C. N. missions in the Korean War. The In- dians are careful to state, however, that they have not impressed this view on Pei- ping; that would be using pressure. 0 O C

To help reduce the huge egg surplus- the largest in history-the United States Government plans to distribute 2 million pounds in dried form to the national school- lunch program. Meanwhile, every effort is being made to increase national con- sumption. ”Besides being friendly to your budget. eggs are friendly to you." says a booklet issued by the Agriculture Depart- ment.

0 O O

The coining of epithets is a recognized adjunct to South American political feuds. in the latest incident-latest as this is be- ing written, that is-President Figueres of Costa Rica said of his next door neigh- bour. President Somoza of Nicaragua. that he is ”crazier than a goat in the midsum- mer siin." A picturesque phrase. surely. but one hardly calculated to soothe bad tempers. It will be interesting-though

probably not edifying-to hear what Somoza has to say in rebuttal. O Q I That Colonial Governorship does not

carry the authoritarian privileges it once

ionally been our most outspoken advocates of free t:ade and our most enthusiastic importers of im- .ported goods. For, they have argu- ed. it. is only by admitting foreign products into our markets here that the manufacturers of those products will be able and willing in buy our farm surpluses which cannot be sold at home. Increasingly during the post- Koiean recession. our farmers have appeared to be losing this crusad- ing free trade philosophy. And re- cently. since 'New Zealand cheese" became fighiirc words. our cow- boys have seemed to be as gseat protectioiiisls as even our electrical iappliance manufacturers. 1 To the lnlr.C3le maze of trade zesirzctions experienced since the war. Canada has added yet anoth- er. Tariffs we are ail familiar with. Other obstacles in the free flow of goods have been quotas. embargocs and currenty rest.i'icLioiis. Another. not mentioned in the repertoire of

the General Ag:-eanii-ni'on Tariffsl

has been Canada's "verbal agreenieni". The Z0V9I'I'!- ment. has used th.s to keep out New Zealand butter. It. has in the

and Trade.

past used it to keep out New Zea-

land cheese, Our Trade Minister. Hon. C D Howe. explained here "last week that the govei'n.ment sees no need to maintain this unofficial total embazgo against New Zea- iand cheese any longer. So A token shipment, consisting of 2.'l50,(I)0 lbs. of our sister Dominion's "cheap" cheese. :5 being admitted. l I I O i with A stockpile of unsold cheese in Canada Already, there is A fear that the importation of foreign lcheap cheese may undermine the ECanAdian market. by A few cents per pound. and bring our domestic lchcese tumbling in price.

5 New Zeiiland cheese is called cheap here because ;L sells for A llittle less than the domestic prod- ucb. In practice, it. may not be so cheap.

Britain is buying it for 2251; cents per pound loaded on ship in New Zealand ports. To that price must Added shipping to Canadian eaboArd. say 2 cents per 1b.; can-

. ' . w .. ' i5 1” 'S "ml mp stiongpst C””e”c-V '" the French home Government of the Goi'ernori,d.,n tax-lg. 1 mm per 11,; freight

world." unity among ourselves. and with good re-. lations with our Southern neighbour.-re-7 latioiis that call for some give and take on both sides--the second half of the century will bring even brighter illumination to ”ihis star. standing by itself. resplendent in the Western sky." ,

New Zeaiand Cheese

in his statement to the Commons on the- import of 2.2.'iU.li(lt) pounds of New Zealandi cheese into Canada. notes the Ottawa Jour-j nal. Trade Minister Howe was somewhat less than frank. in fact most persons who? read or who heard his explanation. and did: not know all the facts. would get an entire- ly wrong impression of the transaction-t might wonder why dairy farmers Across Canada were up in arms over the deal and, Wh.V 3.000 Ontario farm leaders meeting inf Toronto recently protested so vigorouslyl And threatened A mass march on Parlia- ment Hill. '

"As far As he went Mr. Howe stuck to the bald facts." says The Joumsl. "Trouble was he did not go fAr enough. There is no moral or legal ground for keeping New' Zealand cheese out of this cotmtry; therei is A duty on it when brought in And there was A verbal Agreement in 1952 whereby New Zealnndsgreod not to send cheese to CAnAdA owing to difficulties we were ii". in: re-entabliahing our cheese on the Brit- flh mII'kIt.'&lt WTEIIHI, lipwggppgf. ently with Mr. GArdiner's blessing, aid cl;-. curmtnnoau had changed And more Ap-

&IItllIApAdnAArrrifiAA-orrrlrninkgjtr

Whether his fiscal policies were sound or unsound. they did not go down well with the residents who. after some dickering back and forth with French authorities, have persuaded the latter that ”it's time for a change." The new Governor. M. Sis- cot. may or may not do any better: but. at least. he starts out with the good wishes of fit colonists. O O I

This date. 1912. Britain's Robert F. Scott and four companions reached the South Pole after a heroic 850-mile sledge journey, only to find the Norwegian flag there, planted five weeks before by Roald Amundsen. The entire party perished on the return journey. A search party later found Scott's tent. containing the bodies of the explorer and two associates. as well As his records and diaries. A memorial service was held in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, Feb. 14. 1913. on which occasion An Eng- lish journalist, Robert Machen, composed the following noble lines:

"Here A great multitude; there A great solitude.

"Here the architecture And the magic of men expressed in stone; here the vast hollow of the dome, the choir and the singing voices. And the high Altar with the cross.

"There the terrible Architecture of the Mat High God: the peaks And plmiocles of Ate.-rnAl ice, the giant fr-mien vvAlis, the mountAln domes All white for ever thAt.go IIp.into'thedArkneAsof the long Pglnr

Th"? is "W M99 "Wk "ml of St. Pierre et Miquelon. M. Irenee Davierum iniann Canadian market. W1

cents. And we have A price of 21 cents per lb.

Canadian cheese could be sold at the same inland market. for About 30 cents per pound. The Canadian cheese has better flavour. it is bet.- ter cheese because it is not mAde from pasteurized milk As the New Zealand cheese is. And it does not. contain the same hzgh amount of lmoisture which is estimated to de- value the New zealnnd cheeugby one or two cents per pound.

- . .

!'Arm experts here point out that the New zealnnd dairy farmer has A greAt. Advantage over his Cam- idian competitor in his climAte. He does not hAve to stable his :-Attla during A long. movi'-blanketedwin- ter. And he does not hAve to feed them in turns All winter. His mild open winter cuts his opentlng coats very AppreciAbly.

At. the nine time. the Canadian tumor is how faced with progres- sively less Akllled form help And higher wuss. i

so the cAnAdlAn (Armor is fa; lowing the line. Accepted now nurly every watanr Axriculmrnl country. Thnt. is that nllielontly .j...m:......;......m....-

The Age Old Story

leokyotbobntdwlrllohomoy

Sil'lci. import curbs must. bA im- posed to protect A country: own ..lgrlCl.lii.ul'3l price support program.

This is the farmers Answer to the lnduSl.fl3llSlS' demandl for tar- .fl protection: demands which the lfarmers are sick and tired of hear- ling, and sick And tired of being i'lCilm.ZEd by, through unnecessar- .ily higher costs for many things iihey have to buy.

The industrialists use tariff pro- tection to enable them to earn icry lavish profits say farm offic- ials here. But the farmers ask for quota protection only to save them flOm d.sasier. not to enable them to earn artificial profits on their ltood products.

Thus our farmers Are newly be-

Wze EX 7oe&'Gmwz

CHIPMCNK

A bird must. fly A m.eAdow's length to carry foodstuff in its bill, the tiny parcel. to its tree.

the countless times. the countless miles down to the earth, up to the sky,

unceasingly.

The doc in woodland. mare in field. the small sheep grazing on the hill must search the endless hours. take the good they find and wisely use the richness-sleep And search Again when they wake .

For her good reason nature gave the chipmunk. his rich double fill: the clever way, if not the best.

he stores in pouches of hiavcheeks the food he gathers; face-full. goes back to his nest.

coming protectionists. not from greed. say these officials, but -Joseph Joel Keith in The 5mCl1.V from hunger. 'i Christian Science Monitor.

Uraniu

the energy released in splitting the atom is applied to the production .of electricity, the question that be- comes increasingly important is: where will the raw uranium come from to meet this growing demand for Atomic energy? The other day, Dr. John Convey, head of the .mines branch of the department of mines and technical surveys, said that 'CanauA is now the second .largest. uranium producer in the Wvorld. second only to the Belg- ian Congo.

This confinns A statement made A. few weeks ago by Mr. Rafford ;L. Faulkner. Assistant director for -foreign procurement of the United 'St.ates Atomic Energy Commission. In A speech delivered in New York. during which be reviewed the sup- ply picture for uranium As it Af- fects the free world. Mr. Faulkner said that Canadian governmental activities And widespread partici- pation by private enterprise in developing new resources of luppiy were enabling Canada to mAke "A firm bid for first place in world uranium production."

. . .

Because he was dealing only with

the foreign supply situation. Mr Faulkner did not deal with uranium production on the North Amcricui continent. It. is known. however. that the United States is the third largest. producer of uranium are in the world. And that much of the U. B. rAw uranium is mined in the Colorado Plateau Area. In con- Ada. two government mine: And one privately-operated mine Are producing At present. They Are the Eldorndo mines on Great. Bear Lake in the Northwest Territories and At Buvrr lodge in northern Suk- Atcbewln. And the Rix-AthAbAscA mine. Also At Bnverlodn. It is ex- pected thAt by the end of the yAer Another half dosen mines in SAsk- Atchewsn And Ontario mly in in production. Sources-other thnn the United sales And CAnAdA-of raw unn- ium on which the free world mny drAw in the future. AA outlined by Mr. Faulkner, Are: .

BelglAn Congo: since the start. of its operntlonn in 1922. the Blain- kolobwe mine. opented by the Union luniero du BAIII.-KAtAn3A has been the world's most impart.- Ant producer of rsdlum And uran- ium. It ha been the mAlnAtAy of

Winnipeg Free Press

As the Atpniic age matures andigram. Although A large amount

of uranium ore has been mined from the surface in iin open pit. it is now being extracted entirely from underground workings. Facil- ities have recently been completed to process lower grades of ore, and An extensive exploration And mine development program ha! been undertaken. O O 0

South Africa; in 1923. uraninite was identified in the Witwaters- rAnd gold ores. In 1945 A survey wu made to determine whether uranlum could be economically re- covered from these ores. In 1950 pilot plants were built. Combinedp research efforts developed A urnn-I lum recovery process which is tech- nicslly And economically round. It. begins where normal fgold recovery operations leave off. The ore, which has been treated to remove tho gold. is pumped to the uranium plant where the uranium is dis- solved from the rock with weak sul- phuric Acid. Production started in 1952 And there Are now six plAnts in production with .I number of others nearly finished.

Australln :Two productive enter- prises Are under way. One is At Radium Hill in South Australia. where production will begin AAriy this year. The second And more recent. disooveyy is At Rum Jungle in the Northern Territory, which begon its initial operations lau fAll And which will be producinl unn- lurn shortly.

Portugal: A large number of urAn- ium occurrences An known in Portunl And urAnium deposits have been worked for mAny de- cules. The most important of these is the Urgeirica mine which is on- erated by A British-owned com-

agu Aiiieommiiui I NOTES BY THE WAY? -13, ",3", .1 gun" u. like is gone into. We have read such

headlights on An Automobile Thay only seem more alarms than your own. ir-Guelph Mer- cury.

A Jan; Iulpln which In don put. was A necessity for tho ladies. in Ann: Auukted. but this timq AA A means of defence. The pus- lna of the hAtpin VIII dlAA.rmA- ment And with numerous AttAckA being made on women it. in Aug-

. gonad thAt. it. in revived. A strong

in: of A. hnwin would halt mat Attnckei-A in their steps And un- doubtedly cause them to flee. ,- St. Cltherinu stAndArd.

WA bellovo that in Amending the election Acts. both provincial And federnl. consideration should be given to patients in hospitals. In- dead. one might go further- And Advocate that the British system of Allowing people bedridden or lnvAlldA in their homu be Allowed to vote by null, A system Appued very simply in Britain. These sug- gestions Are commanded to the Attention of our legislAt.orA who deAl with such mntbers. - hAvIA Times - Gazette. ,

The golfer trunpA eight. and A half miles while playing eighteen holes, And must cover some hun- dreds of miles during the golfing season. However he does it for fun And likes it. The .st.enogrApher may like nothing better than sitting in A well-padded swivel chair. but even she put.r in about 43 miles per week At her work and in most cases on high heels. This would total About 2.000 miles for A full year. It is the Average housewife however. who probably heads the list. Just. in her own home, Ahe logs An estlnuted 3.000 miles per year, And her mileage outside the house must make A very substan- tinlli Addition. -Edmonton Jour- nu

Tho can for . Canadian coast guard on the Great Lakes has been plAced before Pnrliarnent by WAllAce Nesbitt, PC member for Oxford. He listed A number of tragedies. noted A lack of storm signals. and Augguted use or fish- ing tugs, mnny of which are equipped with rAdio. to protect smAll craft. during summer months. The deplorable lnck of o lifesaving organization on the lakes has been discussed in these columns many times. And in the press of Great Lakes And Puzificrports. The Gov- ernment not my turned down A request. on the ground that the ROAF And other ngpncias m. operate. Even that is not tnie of many Areas. and it can ncarcely be doubted that A trained fora would be more successful than A semi-official And voluntary zuoue service. -Toronto Telegram.

If Anyone ruding this lack: A hangover headache this week-end. we suggest A way out. Let. him read the interminable statistics which make up the with AnnuAl report on Ontario Mental Hospitals. It is put out by the outuio Govern- ment, And our copy At. Any rate cost nothing. But. while making fun of mental funds: would be the hat thing to enter our mind. this government blue book mAkaA us wonder if compiling statistics is A form of occupational therapy for the lumtic. Certalnly there is page after page in this report contain- ing data which can be of no con- ceivable interest to Anyone eimept A rival statistician. 'Every con. celvable permutntion And com- bination of facts relating to the mentally ill-Age, illness. race. din- gngisrr. prognosis. re-Admislon -

coneorntratcd statistics with um little comm t. However out 0; the mass of figures some facts of interest do emorle if one is patient enough to dig them outg in 1953 the year the report desls with, on; in every 258 citizens of omam was A patient in A mental hm. pitai. And the total for the pmv. ince was 18,957 As compared with 13,393 in im. Tint seems to pm... we Are A lea uno lot. thui we we" Life in these times cei-tAlnly am" not become mon Almple. .65” Reporter

The AoArln( price of tea in n. ported to have become A political "hot. potato" As well it might, 51,,” October, low. when ten cum on the ration list, this mtional bev. erase has risen Almost. 100 pg, cent. and is now At. the unheard of price of seven shillings A pound. There hnve been fivo increase; this year. Such A Aurgo in on cost. of A "cup of char" is definitely A major problem emeclally in in. profits of the British ten compan. ies have risen phenomenally in the past. year. If the Government cannot. cut. the price of ten it. may discover that this is more than A tempest in A teapot. -London Free Press,

.Honor To Mr. Rodd

l0ti.awA Journal)

Sometimes nne has to leave in”, to hear what has happened to one 1 neighbors.

in Montreal the other day one of our editor! encountered A mAn who said what A nicA thing it was that Mr. J. A.' Rodd had been made A. honorary life member of tho As. lantic Salmon Association; tin leading salmon fishing And control association of the Atlantic.

On investigating we find it in- deed true, but "Jim" Rodd hAd 03 course not told his Ottawa fr ends. The Award wAA mad; .g the Association's last AnhuA1 meet. ing. for his distinguished work dur. ing A long career in developing and exploiting CAnAdA'A wultli from the wAters.

Mr. Rodd born in Prince Edward Island WA: with the Fishoriu Do- pnrtment from 1901 until ha ;-grim; in 1947 As Director of Fish Cul- ture. Tho AssoclAtion hAl only four honorary life members. two of whom Arc eminent fish Authorities of England And Scotluid.

0ttAwA. knowing Mr. Rodd wvl.L will cnnizratulnte the Atlantic Sal- mon Association on its catch.

Refrigeration Repairs To All Links

APPLIANCES SALES 6 SERVICE MOTORS Baewindlngpnnd Bopoln ELECIRICAL i”'”"' Palmer Electric

Phone: ISIS IBM

1855 A charlottetown

over 50 years. cordially invited and urged

yours, without delay.

Piny-

Prorpectlnz is being oorried on in A number of Buropenn And Litin Amer-lcAn countrlu. mostly undsr governmental control. A lu-gs num- ber of ui-Anium occunwncu 'hAvs been roportad And it is Axnecud t.liAt some of then will provide urmiurn At competitive out. AA pr-into ontorprln in Allowed to psi-uclpoto in the 'AeAroh for urAn- ium in than countries. rpectaculnr ronilu can ,bA Antlcinoud.

. t.hA whole situation. Mr. hulkmr concluded flint AAA- qiuta Amount: of uranium will be Avollnbie in tho future to supply

the an workli Almolc energy pro-

thAnsedAofAniuiIAArpowArln-

i

Mill G0.

HYNDMAN I

till!!!" .

TiiEl(&

Charlottetown Contonniol

'Attention '

Oh Wednesday. January 19th the Charlottetown Retail Merchants Association will honour All the Busi- -ness Firms of the City which have been in business

There will be A reception and dinner at the Char- lottetown Hotel commencing at 6 P.M.

All of our businemmen and our business women are

Tickets are 52.00 and can be 'had from the Centen- nial General Manager, 111 Grafton St.

AS ihey are going fast,

' How about joining ou fll M l . ouring these Firms whyilchrhaevtgmplaygedrcmnts in hon portant part in the life of Charlottetown?

ciiARr.orrrr:rowN CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE

are FIVE-DAY SHOE SAL! ,srAin's-JAN. 20 at 9 O'CLOcK

:::'! Price on the Air. .IdiI9'a no lofislippmi . 5' .vAlvAt for trimmed ovonlroos N in ad

.1955

to attend.

it is suggested you get

such an im-

n'sronr

Shoo Stock. In-

l ii iii lg:

Lita