— ’10wing Resolutions were unanimously adopted :—

‘for the information of such Company.

‘ ‘Scale oprpropriations

if fi_

an): colonial metalfi.

qiiire much elumdation; for, by the difiiisiou of «vital, and the new market which would be created for beef, pork, and every other kind of provisions, a very great stimulus would the given to the industry and trade of the Island. Its healthy .cliriiate would become better known, and its secure position, which Will always prevent the inhabitants, now amountino' um about 40,000, from being annoyed, like those of the Canaa- das, by the irruptions of United States agitators, would in time be properly appreciated ;——-a new nursery for seamen would be formed; and it is not doubted that Government would give every facility for carrying into effect a measure so‘calculnted to strengthen our position in that quarter.

The most minute and laborious calculations have been formed, regarding the capital required to commence such an Establishment—the mode of fishing—the rate of wages— cost of buildings, boats, victiialling, &c.; and it is found that from £16,000 to £18,000, (about £10 per share), called gra- 'dually "1.1.0 operation during the next twelve months, would be sufficient to make an efficient beginning; and that, with ordinary success, the whole capital would be redeemed in four oi‘five years from thescommenceinent, besides paving afa'ir dwidend and all expenses. An excellent station for the commencement of the Fishery has been examined and indicated; and should it not be deemed advisable to invest capital to the extent of establishing more than one station at first, others could be afterwards added, according as it might be the interest of the Company to embrace those advantages and facilities, which proprietors ofland in other parts of the island might be induced to offer. 7

It may be'furtlier observed, that although a liberal allow- :ance has been made in the calculation for building and keep— ung up a competent establishment ofhoats, and for the hire sand maintenance ofa sufficient number of regular fishermen, ut.is supposed that the business of the Company may be greatly increased without any very great additional expense ofthat kind; as, when the stations ofthe Company are once fairly established, it is expected that fishermen using their own boats and materials, will bring their fish (both cured and in the round state) for sale, taking their supplies from the stores ofthe Company, as in Newfoundland : but a con- cern to work Well, mus: be able to send its fish, 65c. to the pro- per markets in its own schooners.——“ E or as to hiring vessels ~“ in the Island, it is had—as, generally speaking, there are ~“ none here fit to look at the ca, either as to size or equip- .ument.” ' '

One leading feature in this scheme is different from that .ofmost others, namely-~that a very small part of the capital ,is required to be permanently sunk; and the operations of 'the Company could be gradually extended, and its capital called into action, only as the advantages ofthe undertaking should be ascertained by experience.

MUTUAL Fm: INSURANCE COMPANY.-—‘At a numerous Meeting ofthe Inhabitants of Charlottetown and neighbour- .hood, held, pursuant to notice, in the Court House in this 'Town, yesterday—W. Swabey, Esq. in the Cliair—the fol-

]. Moved by Mr. Dennis Reddin, seconded by Mr. David ‘Wilson— .

That it is desirable that a Company be foi;med, for the mutual 'vinsurance from accidents by fire of the parties subscribing there- ito, to be called “ The Prince Edward Island Mutual Fire Insur- ance Company.”

11. Moved by Charles Hensley, Esq, seconded by Mr. ‘Thomas Petliick— .

That a Committee of twelve—five to form a quorum—be flamed at this meeting, to make enquiries, and procure informa- tion on which to found a plan to be laid before a future meeting

111. Moved by Charles Bin-s, Esq, seconded by the Hon. James Peake—

That, for the information of such a Committee, it is necessary that they should be put in possession oftlie probable amount of property which parties favorable to this design might be desnrous to be insured for, and therefore, that a list he now opened,‘ by whiclLan approximation to the general amount may be supplied, without any final obligation thereby being undertaken by those who may choose to afford such information.

The following Committee was then chosen, agreeably to

‘Crown by Esclieat: the inhabitants were settled by a Grant

the second of the above Resolutions, viz :——Capt. Swabey, Mr.'1‘.reniain, Mr. Hensley, Hon. Mr. Peake, Hon. Mr. Havi- land, Mr. Brenan, Mr. Reddin. Hon. Mr; Palmer, the Hon. the Attorney General, Messrs. Lord, Wilson, Duncan, Cun- »da|l, PetbickLBinns, and F. Longworth.

The Committee Will meet at the Court House on Thurs- day next, the 7th inst, at Twelve o’clock. .

Macuaui'ca’ Ins'ri'ru'rE.——Last Wednesday evening, the ’Bev. John Knox delivered a highly interesting Lecture on The Revelations of Philosophy in relation to the Philosophy of

Escalation. Next Wednesday evaning, the Reverend-gen- tleman will again Lecture on The Governance qflhe Universe. —lsldr.

So large a portion of our space is this week occupied by the School Visitor’s Report for the past year, and by the for Roads. Bridges, 8m , that we have been compelled to exclude everythinglike parliamentary de— bate from our columns—though some important discussmns, on various topics, have recently taken place—and to omit a large amount of other Legislative matter, prepared for this day’s publication. We shall endeav0iir to bring up all ur- lrears in our next.

-— ____‘______

To THE EDITOR or THE COLONIAL HERALD.

Sir; The distressed state of the Agricultural p0pulation 'of this Island has attracted your attention, and as you are de- raii‘ous to afford them information, I send you the‘following:

It has been admitted by the authorities of this Colony, that ’the inhabitants who‘have improved this Island from its Wll- ~derness state are greatly oppressed by a rent which they are tunable to pay; and although the sub ect has been frequently before the public, it does not appear 0 be suflimently uiidei- stood to claim the sympathy of those whose countenance would help to relieve them—the Freehplders, tlie_1r3ides- men, the Merchants and Gentlemen reSIdmg in this 'Iowu. Men in general, when they are not immediately interested, Will seldom take the trouble to search out the truth, or to weigh matters in their own minds, to enable them to form a correct opinion for themselves. But as it would be an ad— mission ofapatby or ignorance to. be Without an opinion, those who have no opinion oftheniown are generally of opinion with the party in power, which gives right or wrong alternately the ascendancy ; and measures which at one time have been uminimous‘ly approved of, a5__being just and tea- sonable, may, at another now, become a term of reproach.

In the colonization of the British Provmces in Ameiica, the first inhabitants who were to improve the- land from its wilderness state were settled by a grant in fie simple, and as adjoining lands acquired a_ value, by the Settlers lmprOVIlndg their own-land, the rest of the land was ordered be so , and the price thereof, when paid into the public Leasury, is also a benefit to thenfirst settlers, as it relieved thin some degree, from taxatipsnyvllienapplied to suppOit t ie o-

m at nd im rove t ‘0 omea- . _ yeTlii‘:lsl:nd was granted in Townships, to be settlg‘d wail]: Foreign Protestants. The remnant of the Acadiaii renc were allowed to take the Oath of Allegiance ; were encour- aged to settle themselves, on the promise of protectionni: person and property by British Officers then in c‘omma t. The Acadians were left'undisturbed until British Lniigran s arrived, when the Grantees ordered the Acadians to payt rl‘egt or give up their improvements, because they were hno ' - reign Protestants. They chose the latter, and bong t unini-

oved land from another‘grantee. Thus both grantees gaidn- ed by the transfer; the one gained the value of the Aca i- .an’s improvements, and an annual rent for _ . the other grantee gained a number of settlers, a high (grilles for his land, and interest uponthe purchase-money. tfe!‘ grantees gave a glowing description ofthe land, and the u; ture prospects of this Colony, which induced a number 0d Roman Catholics to emigrate from the Highlands of Scotlan to this Island; but when they had made considerable uri- provements upon the land, they ‘were led to believe that tbev would be ordered from the Colony, unless they signed a petition to His Majesty, .dictated by the grantees, praying to be allowad to remain in the Colony—which petition is

his land, and -

said to have prevented the Escheat, and to have procured the Proclamation of 1816. This Proclamation is said to con- firm the Grants, and the grantees commenced the Leasehold tenure, subject to a rent which the tenants are [unable to pay. g‘hus the grantee gains a high rent from the persons be was ound’to settle, and thetenant's improvements for the'arrears ofrent, besides the value which the rest of his land has nc- qu'ir‘ed by the tenant’s improving his Leasehold. Iownships Fifteen and Fifty-five were revested in the

from the Crown in fee simple.

I The Governors are furnished with instructions from the tmperial Government, for the ettlement of persons who are .0 impiove the land, and the Governors are to follow their instructions, under pain of the Sovereign’s displeasuie ; and the grantees were bound, by the conditions of their grants, to settle them Within ten years, in the proportion of one per- son to eyery 200 acres, under the penalty ofthe forfeiture of the ’Iownships ; and as the instructions to the Governors, for_ the settlement of inhabitants, and the conditions of the Original grants, for the settlement ofa stipulated number of persons, are the express orders ofthe Imperial Government, it.inust follow, that the Grantees were bound to settle the stipulated number of persons in fee simple, in the same man- ner as the Government settled persons of the same class.

. In corroboration ofthe opinion, that the settlement in fee Simple was required by the conditions of the Grants, we must refer to the working of the systems. The inhabitants who were settled by the Crown are prosperous and content- ed ; they 'have been able to buy land for their sons, as they grew up to manhood; and they were willing to pay Six Shil- lings per 100 acres, Quit Rent, for the support of Govern- ment. The tenantry are poor and dissatisfied, greatly in ur- rears for rent; and in cases of coercive proceedings l'orthe rents, considerable expenses are incurred by the Govern- ment to suppress riots and punish the discontented.

If we believe that the Imperial Government, finding that

0 tb 28m l LhMARRlBD; ' H W. l ; I n e u t., in ‘ rist’s Church Cherry Valley b the Rev. F. 1). Panter, Mr. James Haydeb, of Cherry Viilleyy,‘to Anne, daughter of Mr. Thomas Tweedy, Pownal Bay. - _ , pint). At Dalliouste, Restigouche, on the 3d ult., in the 81st year of her age, Annabella, widow ofthe late Charles Stewart, Esq, of

Princptpwn, Prince Edward Island, and second daughter of the late LliiefJustice Stewart, of this Island.

— , . , .... ...._I. TEMPERANC’E. MEETING of the Auxiliary Temperance Society ‘ Will (I). V.) be held in the Vestry of the Wesleyan Chapel on the evening of Monday next, the 4th inst. The Chair Will be taken at halfpust Seven, p. m., precisely. [13’ A Collection will be taken in aid ofthe funds,

GEO. MOORE, Secretary.

the conditions for settlement with Foreign Protestant were iii'ipracticable, extended the Indulgence of 1816, with a view of douig justice to till parties, and of sectiriiig to the inhabi- tants who improved the Colony from its wilderness state that interest in the soil they are entitled to by their labour, yve must believe that the stipulated number of settlers were intended to be freeholders. ‘But if we say that the Indul- gence ot'1816 was solely for the benefit ofthe graiitces- to en- able them to keep possession of forfeited lands. to exact rents upon the tenants’ improvements, and eventually to dispos-

sess them of their improved lands, by the expiration of a '

Lease, or by re-entry for arrears ofrent-we must believe that the Government laid a snare or joined in a conspiracy With the Grantees against a portion of an industrious class of subjects, to deprive them of the fruits of their labour. The hardship ofthe tenant’s case has been admitted by all par- ties for many years, and to remedy the evi|,a partial Escheat —a general Escheat, and a compromise with the proprietors, by an enactment—have been severally proposed. The joint Address ofthe Council and House of Assembly, carried by a majority last Session, praying the Queen of Great Britain to use her influence with the Proprietors to take produce instead of money for Rent, may escape with this remark,

that if'they had prayed Her Majesty to use Her influence

with the Market-women of St..lohu’s and Halifax, to give 1s. 6d. per bushel for our Potatoes, it would have been far more likely to have been complied with, and would have answered the and much better; and it'the tenantry could get a shilling clear, per bushel, for Potatoes, they could give the money to the landlords instead of bread, which they want for themselves. A partial Esclieat was sought for in the year 1832, on the ground that several ofthe Townships were, in a manner, without inhabitants or improvements, and the answei‘srreturned by Ministers to such applications were, that a trial upon such grounds would lead to u long and doubtful inquiry, as it would be necessary to prove that the proprietors had not sent out the sufficient number of per. sons to settle their Grants; and a Court ol'Esclieat could not be granted unless the conditions of forfeiture were clearly foreseen, and capable of a speedy decision. I supported these measures, although I was dissatisfied with them, as I did not see how the Escheat ofthree or four Townships could re- lieve the tenantry, who were under oppressive rents; and on my inquiring ofthe leading Members what was to be done for the oppressed tenantry, l was answered, that they might give up their farms and get a grant upon the escheated lands. The House ofAsseinlily were nearly unanimous for this par- tial Escbeat, only two voting against it; and although Isup- ported every measure, yet] have been blamed for prevent— iiig it; and this measure of csclicat was altogetherabaiidon- ed by its leaders, who had so large a majority of the House to support them in the years 1832, 1833 and 1834.

] have been of opinion that as the Grantees neglected to introduce and settle Foreign Protestants, according to the Grants, that the Crown would not continue to indulge gran- tees who liud forfeited their Grants, and allow them to de- mand exorbitant rents from British subjects for improving the land ; and in the year 1835, a Special Committee brought in a Report, and the House ofAssemhly agreed to a Petition to the King, to cause a Court ofEsclieat, under the Colonial Act of'183‘2, to go into operation. The Memorial and Re- port, togetlier with an Address to the Governor, that he would be pleased to forward them to His Majesty, weie agreed to by the House of Assembly unanimously. This has been called an application for a general Esclieat. These docu- ments were detained until the following year, when they were sent home with a counter Address, praying for indul- gence to the proprietors, which was carried in the House of Assembly by a small majority; and since then all applica- tions for the appointment of a Court of Escheat have been answered (to justify the Proclamation of 1816), that the con- ditions ofthe Grants were in'ipracticablc, and that it would be unjust to escbeat the lands. Sir Charles Fitz Roy, and afterwards the Colonial Minister, Lord John Russell, held out hopes that the proprietors would be induced to compro- mise with the tenantry ; and I was induced by my constitu- ents to try and effect some settlement by an eiiactmentwtiich the tenantry could comply with. This has been tried in various ways; but all such Bills have been rejected by the Council; and as all such attempts at Legislation for the set- tlement of the tenantry is only to gain time, and allow the proprietors to strip them of every thing, it is therefore better to admit ilie Proclamation of1816, and pray the Governor to enforce the settlement according to that Indulgence” This would relieve a great many ofthe first occupants, although it would not relieve all. But iftlie first occupants. in the proportion of one person to every two hundred acres, were settled in fee simple, the rest of the land might be bought. But I believe many ofthe Grantees would resign their lands to the Crown, iftliey Were called upon to settle their Grants according to tho Indulgence of 1816. From the manner the Crown settled the inhabitants ofTownships Nos. Fifteen and Fifty-five, I must conclude that the settlement of theaGrants meant a fee simple tenure, and although we'have said, and might still say, that the Indulgence of 1816 is illegal, yet if we agree to submit to its provisions, the Crown'cannot call it illegal, as it is its own act. The proprietors cannot call it illegal, for it was granted as an Indulgence to them.

WILLIAM Coorua.

Charlottetown, Feb., 1844.

Arrived at Waterford, from St. John’s, Newfoundland, on the 22nd ult., the Schr. Jane, Eales, master, owued by Mr. C. Welsh, ofthis town; experienced very heavy weather, With the loss of bulwarks, stanchions, '&.c., had to throw overboard 150 quintall of fish.—Isl¢lr. .

Secretary's Office, February 28th, 1844. The Lieutenant Governor has been pleased .to direct the name ofCharles Hensley, Esq., ‘un. to be inserted in the Commissmn ofthe Peace for Queen’s ouuty. - Secretary's Ofiice, February 28th, 1844. The Lieutenant Governor has been pleased (provisionally) to a point William Swabey, Esq., to be a Member ofth‘e Legisla- tive Council ofthis Island, in the room of Lawrence L. Worthy, Esq., resigned: - * Secretary’s Oflice, Febrgary, 29gb, 1844. f The Lieut. Governor has been pleased to irect t 3‘ name 0_ 'the Hon. Stephen Rice, of Upton, in the Royalty of Charlotte-

town, to be inserted-in the Commission of the Peace for Queen's County.

Charlottetown, 2d March, 1844: CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. _ GRAIN SHOW: THE followmg PREMIUMS for the competition of GRAIN will iake‘plare on Wednesday, the 61b of MARCH at the Market Square, at the hour of Ten o'clock. Competition open to all persons :

For the best Wlicat, 50s.—Second best, 40!.

Fur the best. two-rowed Barley, fills—Second best, 90s.

For the best flair-rowed Barley, this—Second best, 20-".

For the best Black Oats, 305.—Scc0ud best, 205.

For the best sample Red Clover Seed, not less than 50 lbs. 803.

The Grain to be the growth of1843, and each suck to cuntaiii a quantity ofthree bushels. All Grain and Seed to which a prize is awarded to become the property ofthe Society, and eyery per-_ son receivingn prize will be required to enrol his name as a member.

No premiums awarded without competition.

The prize Grain will be Sold at Auction immediately after the Judges decision. And a meetingof the Society will then take place at Mrs. \Veymontli's.—Judges—Tliomas Petliick, James Miller, and John Hyde, Miller.

February 1, 1844.

I GRAIN SHOIV. HE EASTERN AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY offers

, following |I'REMIUMS, for Monday, the March next:-— .

the 18th day of,

For the best 2 bushels Wlicat, - - 0 15 '0 Second do. do. - - . 0 11 0 Third do. do. - - - 0 8 0

Best 2 Bushels Barley, - - - 0 15 0 Second do. do. - - ~' - 0 11 0 Third do. do. - - . . 0 8 0

Best 2 bushels Black Oats, . - - - 0 15 0 Second do. do. - - - - 0 11 0 Third do. do. - . - 0 8 0

Best Red Clover Seed, ofthe Island ,.

growth—not less than 28 lbs. I ' 0 1° 0 Second (10. do. - - . 0 11 0

Best 2 bushels Timothy Seed - - 0 15 0

Second do. do. - - - 0 3 0

All the growth of 1843.

T—e show will be held at the Market House, Georgetown, and on sample will be received after 12 o’clock, Successful compe- titors, wlic are not already subscribers, will not be entitled to a Premium, unless they become Members for the ensuing year.

The Annual General Meeting will take place immediately after the Show, ween the Premiums will be awarded.

E. THORNTON. February 13th, 1844.

WHARFS IN ROAD DISTRICT N:I;4. EA LED Tenders will be received at the Office ofthe Road Commissioner of the above district, until Saturday, the 16th March next, at 5 o‘clock, p. m., for building an Abut- ment and Arch to ilie Princetown Wharf; also, for building an Abutment and Arch to the Wharf at Long River, New London. Plans and Specifications can be seen at any time, by applying at the Office, Darnley. __ P. S. MACNUTT, Commissioner. ROAD DISTRICT, No. 16. HE Subscriber will sell by Public Auction, at Mr. Wiglitmiiii's Shop, in Georgetown, on Monday, the 18th March next, at noon, the buildin an additional Block and Bridge to the St. Mary’s Bay Wharf, 0t 61 ; and at Murray Harbour, on the spot, on Thursday, the 213i March, at noon, the repairs ofthe South River Bridge. Security required for the performance of the work.

I E. THORNTON. 29th February. 1844.

LAND ASSESSMENT, Treasurer’s Office, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 16th Jan. 1843. IN pursuance of the Act of the General Assembly of