A he NN te

emer nae lay

Les ee

LeamMs Five Dotnans a YEAR.

TN

'

: ’ r £2) >y Lye N Ys iu 2LES,

es a! ee ee

* 'Phis is true Liberty, when Free Born Men, having to advise — ———S _ SO

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1886.

=

CHARLOTTETOWN. P. E. ISLAND,

a ee ~~

AMINI

. aad camtaectigeenennen emeneetil

the Public, may speak free.”—Ernirwes.

ro tesla tm nt a en gan = nnn nang lan eltpeclpr ce ane - passe anes dtlornasinnatanctin lp ly ae - ye

_Sisece Corrs Two Cents.

a

———————

a

VOL. 19.—NO. 156.

——

, $4 Ti hae l eG 4 he iWon Exautiner

Che fxaminer Publishing Oo.

From thei hee, corner of Water and Gre ter harlottetown, rr hailwa Leland, —RATES OF BSOCRIP TloOnN— Six montis... oUettecedcs $2.50 Three month ies << ns +vcnieiweda 25 One month peiiers Kweli caieé ox re 2

Adve ing moderate rates,

Contracts may be made for monthly, quar- terly: Half-yorrty, or yearly advertixements, On aDHic eH

; ® aipnpno nena Bee { 8 . ALMANAU Lu Ueusa Diluy 1&8 ' MOON'S CHANGES.

First Quarter 3rd day, 10h. 12.5m., a. m., N. E. fhelow horizon.)

Fall Moon 10th oe ee ees

Last Quarter 18th day, 2h., 26.6m., a.m.,S.E.

“~T - . . New Moon 25th «dav, Sh, 42.1im., a. m., N

‘Dake w h iZon. } fy . «sun Sun |Moon' High’ Day's

rises - : . : , leosy 5 M i sets rises water) len’h

mh mimorn laitvn h m

‘Vednesday 723A Sill 44: ¥ &). § 4) 2 iin rStay 4 aft 16: 2 3 3g ai ciday $1 0 43: 3 24 38 4) saturday 32 9 It 9 423 37 aS anda y 691 341529 868386 . § donday 34 8 1] 59: 6 33 34 a7| Cuesday 30 8| 2 26! 7 35 ; 3; Wednesday $43 8 2 57'S 23 2 9 Th iay 7 8$' 3 3)! 9 10 oi hh? Friday . s 8} 4 11} 9 52 20 e. sat 1 ) » 4 DS lo ad ") r2 Sau 5 si? Si & 54/17 14 Zs iS’ Monday 4) 8 6 56/11 57 7 14) Pues t? $' 8 4iaft 39 26 1S, Wed lay 1910; I 23 26 Gi lay : niO0 271 2 2 25 iv 911 39'3 5& 25 ! ; ’ 10imorn! 4 138 Zz 1D 3a ; 10; O 51/5 ali 2 25 Monday 1 10} 2 62) 6 5 24 21) Puesd . ist = ee 4 eo 25 22) Wednesday i] 12) 4 22) 8 48 25 23' Tharsd | 48 i bm oO 34 25 24) Friday ts l 6 31:10 16 25 Zo) Sat in¥ j + 14) * 29110 55 26 26 Sanday | 49° 15) 8 2Oill 34 26 27, Monday | 49 15,9 Simorn| 26 28 Taesday | 16}. 7 427| 0 10; 27 29, Wednesday 49, 16/10 16, 0 45) = 27 30 Thursday © 49| 17/10 50, 121) 28 31) Friday — 7 49) 17/11 12; 2 0! 8 28

— ee

POTATO BAGS!

JUST RECEIVED, 5,000 -hipping Bags WEEKS & BEER.

Nov. 27, 1886—lw eod.

BOSTON.

WANEER ARRANGEMENT THE PALAGE STEAMERS OF THE

{NTERMATIONAL S.S. C2.

Gr cr

| > TANT f j —~—— AN D ——.-. FINA N@WaiCi Ae

We must have a Settlement at ence of All Accounts due the late firm of W. 4. Weeks & Co. JAMES PATON & CO.

a) Le

cAT iMPORTANCE

CASH BUYTETRe.

F Nselesting "RY GOODS, most people like to buy where they can get the Largest Assort- £ ment anal! wapest Goods for READY CASH. Our importations this Fall are larger 41 . ‘ *y . . ‘a a S than any other Ory Goods’ tira im Charlottetown, and in order to induce Cash Buyers we offer SPECIAL VALUBS Our Millinery Departinent is ¥ery complete—for Wedding and Mourning Outfits we can- ‘ ;

} not be surpasse

eee 0) Smee

JAMES PATON & CO, WHOLESALH AND RETAIL DRY GOODS MERCHANTS, CHARLOTTETOWN,

Nov. 22, i886.

ee er

ALWATS TU THE FRONT

—— WITH THE — GOS aad LOWEST Pit

en |

5

}ROM this Fall's Importations we are showing some of the VERY BEST CLOTHS!

manufictured, ity Meltons, Beaters, Worsted, Vicunia and Twéed

SVERCSATINGS,

SUITINGS & TROUSHRINGS in all the leading patterns. We are making NAP CLOTH REEFERS FOR 987.00.

READY MADE OVERCOATS

(OUR OWN MAKE) FROM $6.00, UP. Je fe We don’t sell Imported Clothing with Bacorne for coat canvass. A very large stock of Fur Coats, Fur Caps, Sleigh Robes, Driving Gloves, in Per- i es lower than we ever before offered.

sian Lamb and other kinds, at pri Don’t buy till you sce our stuck, Weare determined to give our customers the

Best Value for their money.

a | eN

Ch’town, Nov. 29, 1886. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND RAILWAY. IS86-7. I886-7

Winter Ar range ment.

Leave St. John for Bostoa, via Eastport and Port jand. every Monday, and Tuouraday at 5.00 a. “7 4 eae o- : nari suwn to ibuston, 36,00, 2ndi —. _. . wrareet> — ro «ur row son T..: . , anchnhe rage re ( N AND AFTER WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER, Ist, 1885, Trains will run as follows Yor tickets aad other information apply to (Sundays excepted) :— - ASLARP, F. W. HALES, " eres. 4 ae = <a fae : (a P i, 2’y Pp. £. L Steam Nav. Co, | BDADW :. 2 = tn wee nadie Tak : i j a pip MP ATH NTUT Ww Ton or to your nearest Ticket Agent, TRAINS DEPART—FOR THE WEST. | TRAINS ARRIVE—FROM THE WEST, Nov. 15, 1886~-e0da wky ee v2) ae ae fo oe eet ae OO a STATIONS N j i N " STATI 3 Ni °o ' » ‘ wt. SaaUR Ar CO STATIONS. 21, | No.3 STATIONS, | No. 2. No. 4 vio ‘ 4 ‘a a .% 4 eq -—— —-—____—__-— +-- . scmaiinndinancait oan Sil Mia A A ee ik ' A. Be P. M . ee 3... Charlottetown ...... os i 15 i 1 wD Charilotietown.......... 23 19 00 (+ } | N =) ER A ad be y dunetion..---....} 7 34 i Koyaity Junction. F 2 12 { 9 37 ; : ¥ Noriy Wiltsnire ‘ 8 47 3 05 North Wiltshire........ i 29 8 45 ry aisiid cugne Q bie oe Me liuuier Kiver......+. . 8 3) 3 2) RAUNT SEINOR.. 66 is cewse, 1 i5 8 30 | nil ii 1S S18 ] i f nay is Beadaibane., ids Xs ¥ 00 3 07 Hradalbane................| 1245 7 53 Hipetl EEL OOLU ul SA ULLUWIL UD) County Line....... teers 9 uJ { 07 Cvunty Line............ 12 36 743 j reetown.... the be . 9 23 4 22 Freetown .... Joe's obsvek 12 23 72 T _ Kensington........... : GS 40 445 | Kensington... 12 v5 7 { >] “A l a TiS AYE Hi I neibglon : = Beas en. cco rvecess le i to Zii ’ YVATENVE i (ar; 10 W 5 20 ; d A; 2: 6 30 i ‘ " % i Summerside.......... i Yr. & P. M. Sunimmerside........ 7 1b 335 A 2=ry sarod Ww a a3 dp); 12 40 axl 3035- | =] cm — G bat aw M Aa — >. Miscoucte. ‘ - coat i 1 oo j I... cesceee ee 10 15 } ET TI SNe Welington. Se l 27 HW cllimetomecscccsccoss+.., 9 49 | +p 108 4 g igity PONG BEM s coe cen ceeseit 263 Post Hill ..,...s.s@ ees it 9 U7 | Of and rrouies 4: lath Loe kes pees nneks 322 | | O'Learg.......5. wonseroe| Tit | BUT ahd +POuues 4@ pec J° B.oombtield . Caen 345 l BOOMTGIG .4.. 5. Cc ses 7 30 fuly 18-—~dly xt Alberton .....cccos- ; t 20 Py isin 84464 ce db oe wal 6 55 Pigmish.. ......+0++ wi | 5 15 WE disk cesses san 6 00 al ence P. M. see OF dh ei | on ITTIBVRINE? HALL ATGUSTA - teed TO SRINGS ~*As OD ATHG NEDART__BAP THR RAST |TDATHO mn oI, G4 ; ME. TRAINS DEPART—FOR THE EAST, TRAINS ARRIVE - FROM THE BAST. DIOCESAN SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. - | ocliipdiianen tilotap eel aeil cea a ) The Rr. ev. H. A. Neer, D.V., President, STATIONS. | NoS& | No. 7. STATIONS. | No.6, No. 8 be kK W. D. Martin, A.M, gy and Prin.; itegear opens Sept. 1s. Perms 3275 ant - P.M. — mneprenienies o~ - , a's ure flere: P -ircu- . A. M. deed Lac. <a : pri . a etared. Vor circa Chariottstown ...... ii 2 30 CDereetiesoe......s s:cose+s 10 23 j many acreage Se & VREIOON Kioyulty Junction.......... 2 Ww toya'ty Junction......... 1005 | July 6-10 whe Nicks cdiccncsecuns 3 23 a dcetatnhecct ences] % 32 —— See ao { ar 3 55 } (dp} $ vo Vy y ) 1; Mount Stewart....... ‘ ; j Mount Stewart....... { Ap : , yr (dp : ler sm | f v Ai ? Cardiganiéccs...it;s base 5 22 i bo Sa eee 733 | 4 Goorgatowne... is «sds. she ar if * P. M, /|iGeorgetown..... Fuknes ie 7 v3 A. MM. a AT i - M. 1 ee ee GENERAL erences : — Moont Stewart........ eee : 4 05 || Mount Stewart.,......,.dp 9 00 0% 4 ants NU lrnes scare tedh sede $e PE MONEE .5c....00000 weee eee! ee ik 13819) % ‘ ‘1 }a2 forchants NON ds, «4c «cakicannes : | 69 (Ot Peeme....5;,..060..;.. 7 43 ill Md WD. & J S weer River... ....ccecee,.0s 4 37 Bear River.....+.......... i 7 03 SN 8S Sie ccs cankssact ee ; 6 40 VOGUE ioc cae. eeeeees. GD 6 20 191 Atlantic Avenue, Boston. aR ea P.M. | pe | A. M. . : ee rains ave run b tern Standard Time -* TT wasre’ erience in thia market, : fty ¢ oi maesnels : 1 Cape Traverse Branch leare County Line Junction at 4.10 p. m., on Tuesday, stones ECR: py wee tase oA Var psrons Thuraday ants ‘ iving at Cape Traverse at 5.00 p- m., and leave Cape Travese estiafisd. Vesarl: artered for potato ot 6.45 a. in., on Moudiy, W i pad iay, arriving at County Line Junction at 7.35 feaigat3 at short mou. Weite tor aerket ym. All other trains ran d.ily, Sundays excepted.

reourss ® Aorialtiote Poissocs, ned Lobuters, Ezz-. Jang 17, 4 —3mia od ’ . #7 .

Vackersi, “an

JTAMES COLEUMA.Y. Superintendent. Railway Oilicos, Charlotiewwa, Nov 27, 1855.-—ell prs @

z at transactions of the Society, which

The Literary and Scientific lustitute.

REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT ON THE SCIENTI- FIC AND LITERARY WORK OF THE YEAR.

-Aeoording to Article If], See. 3, of the Constitution of this Institute, the Presi- —-* the annual meeting of the Insti- Ame shall give awritten report of the

Shall be entered on the minutes and such parts published as may be in the interests

e Society,~and the President-elect shall give an- inwwgural address on assum- img oitice. As the former was overlogked af-our late annual meeting, and us the latter was arranged for (iis evening, I pro- pase néw'to endeavour to attend to both s@ijécts. The year’s operations of the fystitute have ibeen very encouraging, and

indusory,

its iteinbers have reason *o be proud of tle nigh position it has already (though yet in! its intancy) attained Tt was on the 12th WAs., 1385, that we met, according tu! upoce, formed and passed the articles of Ww constitution, elected our officers and fairiy got to'work: and, although the srall- pox epidemic -threateved to interfere with vk? operations, providentially the way was (oleared for as and, on Srd December fol- 'owing, Dr. Leeving, in a brief, practical, Mpucure! address, defined and outiined the vimis and scope of the Institute, emphasiz- Me the fact tint it should edueate public tate in liverary and scientific matters, and where such a taste does not exist, should endeavor to er@ate and develop it. On'the 10th Deceinber following, the Doctor gave am interesting address on the game of chess, claiming for it many advantages over games of chance, und as being most free from gambling associations of .any game in gen- tal Use amoncst us. Both these evenings Were occupied in profitable and ani- imted discussion on the papers read. the following week, viz. 17th Dec., Rev. es Carruthers read avery instructive pager on Klecuéion as an Ar‘, dwelling largely on oral delivering,contending that the essence of ianguage lies in living utterances. A good digcussion followed. At the next meeting, 24th Dee., the subject of continuous com- munication with the mainland, under the Confederation Treaty, was openly and largely disenssed; and on the 31st Dee., by arrange- ment previously made with the committee, Senator Howlan, under the auspices of this institute, lectured in the Market Hall before a very large audience on the Subway Scheme acress the Northumberland Straits. The vesult was a strong resolution unanimously passed by the meeting regarding the duty of the Dominion Goverament. On the follow- ing week, 7th January, 1886, the Subway was i the subject of discussion before the {nstitute, when eleven members took “part™ind the debate. At the next meeting, Jan. 14th, / Geo. E. Full, Esq., read his paper on Federa- tionof the Empire, and it is due to him to say that his arguments for Confederation were very able, and that the statistics and facts set forth by him were very carefully prepared, and displayed great research, and that his paper was a credit both to the Institute and to the writer, On the 28th January the Rev. J, (. Mitehell read a _ paper on the Relation of Christianity to Science, which — deserved and _ obtain- ed, .for..: him.’ cordial vote of thanks from the members present. At the next meeting,on 4th Feb., papers were read by lessrs. Geo. E. Fulland 8S. M. Bent, late} oa of this Society, on Confederation. | The fafMer treated on Imperial Federation in | relation to the interests of Canada in contrast | with annexation, the latter was Imperial | federation, not the Future of Canda. The papers were both able and interesting to a large audience, and were profitably discussed. Then on llth Feb. following, John McSwain, | 'Esq., favored the Institute with a very useful | and clever paper on Industrial Edneation, ! wherein he displayed a practical knowledge of |

~

| |

} ;

und gave rise to a lively discussion. Again on} the 25th Feb., the subject before the Institute was Dickens and his Works, on which} Janes Reddin, Esq., read a paper well pre- pared and very creditable to him, which was fully.di On 4th March we had sel readings from classical authors, by Me Reddin, Rattenbury and other members; on the llth March the snbject of Meciar was treated on by } v. R. Smallwo in~ a interestiny and attract manner. Evidently Mr. Smallwood was iis element. On the 25th March, Mr. Walt Doull took up the subject of Electricity « perimentally, and very successfully show chat he understood the subject which treated, and that to the satisfaction of all t rudience present. ‘Lhen on the Ist April, F. Bain, Esq., read a very learned and interest- ing paper on ‘‘ The Ice Age in P. E. rhis, itis needless to say, was like all his! other works—a great intellectucl treat—and } was received as such. The evening of the 8th | April was occupied in further discussing Mr. : Youll’s lecture, amd the 15th April was a red- letier meeting, when Mr. J. Newson lectured oa “*'The Analoey of Eleetricity and Magnet to Grayiialion,” illustrated by very

sr 3 a? waa) GiSCUSSEU.

scale Mose

Isiand.”

Sm to elaborate and ingenious diagrams and mechan- isms of his own constructio:. It is impossi- ble to spexk too highly of the ability and in- dustry displayed on this occasion by the lec- turer, and which we may rest assured was duly appreciated.

On tae next meeting, 23rd April, Dr. Leem-' ing treated on “ Matter and Motion” with his usual ability; and on the 29th Apuil, i** Tides and Their Causes” was the subject of a very weil prepared paper by W. =. Stewart, Esq., Which displayed great research and study on the subject, aud called for much dis- cussion. this ended the last season. Our present season was opened by F, Bain, Esq., who, by special request, favored us with an

November, which paper was published in extenso in one of the daily papers, and de- serves tc be read and studied by all persons, as Conta'ning, perhaps, the ablest arguments | against the evolution principle which are to be met with in any language. Mr. Bain was elected an honorary member of the Institgte by an unanimous vote, Thus, then, so far we , reason to be satisfied with our past progress. But let us all remember, especially our junior members, that to keep abreast of the times requives diligent study and hard work. I¢ was Wilbon who said: ** Every per- son has two educations—oue he reccives from thers, and one wore important which he xives to himself.” What he most reauires is well directed labor aud sustained application. Sir Joshua Reynolds, a man who, by sheer

have every

} Future of the Atlantic Ocean,” confinn,

xcellent paper on ‘‘ Darwinism” on the 25th |

his name famous, was

s> earnest a believer in the force of

industry, that he held that all might

achieve excellence if they would but

but exercise the powerfof assiduous andpoticat | working. He held that drudgery lay ca the} road to genius and that there was 16 limit

to proficiency, except the limit of painstak- | ing... He would not believe in what is called | inspiration, but in study and labor only. “Excellence, he said, “‘is ucver granted to men but as the reward of labor. If you have great talents, industry will improve them, if you have but moderate abilities, industry will supply their deficiency. Nothing is denied to well directed labor ; it conquers all things.” But it has been well remarked that whatever study tends, neither directly or indirectly, to make us better men and citizens,is at least but & specions sort of idleness, and the knowl- edge acquired by it is only a creditable kind of ignorance—-nothing more.

The chief object of culture being not merely to fill the mind with other men’s thoughts an 1, to be the passive recipiciat of their impressions, | vut to enlarge our own iudividual intelitgeuce ; and render us more useful and efficient work. | ers in the sphere of lite, tv which we may 1- ! called.

He who works with head “and hands, will see ‘hig business with a clear eye, and! become conscious of increasing power (perb=ps }

made

td,

the mést cheering consciousness the human): %

mind can cherish) this man will never prosti- cave his education by employing it as a means | of intellectual dissipation and annsement, like many do in our time, for there is a mania ior ; frivolity and excitement, which exhibits it-} self ig many forms in our popuiar literature. | In fact, to meet the public taste, observe how our books and periodicals must now be highly | spiced, amiUsiny, comic, not disdaining slang, | and illustrative of breaches of all laws, human and divine. Speaking of this, I think it was Douglas Jerrold who said he was sere the world got tired of ‘the Eternal gufaw about aii thmgs, for after all, life has something sevious about it. It is not all comic history of humanity, yet some men would write a comic *‘Sermon on the Mount.” Again, we must re-} member it is not ease, but effort, not. facility, but ditticuity, that makes men. These dith-| cultiés are ovr best instructors, as our mis- takes often foum our best experience. Charles}

J. Pox was seéustomed to say that he hoped | violent eruptions than in olden times.

more from a man who fuiled, and yet went on! in spite of his failure, than from the buoyant, career of the successful. ‘It is all véry well,”

tion, too much is, he contends, attributed to the latter; he says, ‘‘ Suppose a d-inch globe of well burned clay, dipped in a muddy ditch,

it coines out with ‘a: tlm. of water adheriy to its suriace, filled with anim ‘ule adhering,; kpt guickly evap- orating, it will, on th xcvic, represent

all the water contained in all the oceans and lakes and the small quaniity which the shight- ly porous earth globe has absorbed, will re present a greater quantity of water than. all that is contained or ever has been contained in the depths and caverns and fissures of (the earth itself.” The microscopie bacilli and animaleuli swimming in the adherent filin, will be greatly magnified represehtations of the hage monsters in the slime of merasses, amd that swam in the oceans of primeys} chaos when the earth first took form and coast to be void. ‘This film of water will ropresent, he says, allthe wates that ever constituted a part of the earth, for science toils us that no violence has ever been able to pionct @ stone beyond the sphere of the eartn s atthe: tion, He aaks “SY hat part then of the .watter forming the deptas of tac cuth can this very small proporiica ef waters sedimentary der

? > git pay ba the rencral conctrecnen of. the

A . stobe? Af seen Trumt daaia What are ont ; ’ coe ‘ gsunfounding rocks compared with ‘Le whole ; . ‘3 . a ieee of the cp.th? A soi, a2 enyve.o

Te says fice lias mueh more to doin mounding carth, tian water and its sediments, This leads us to notice the subject of cam, gushes and voleanie eruptious, Probabiz uever with yveccraed humaa experience has there been more terrestrial distur bauce than during the past year, in the same space of tie, not ouly asto frequency, Luc to ue wisie region over which they have spread. Some philosophers say our earth is not omy growing old, bet becoming senile and they contrast her feebleness “ith the Ulanie vigor of ner early yOuth 201 her earch throes in primeval agen; Outi! \o nay Judge of the displays of subteranean activity by theamonrnt of vuleanic material e}c2ied to the surface, and fiom the erumblings and fractures of the solid erust in- volved in mountain structure, we may doubt if her later disturbances have not exceeded the older in magnitude. Is the outer cin increasing in thickness and offering ¢rcater resistence to the movements of the jot im- terior, thus causing less constant but more A pot of porridge well boiled and taken o/f the tire to cool, a crust or skin is formed on the sur- face and the steam whiclr canudt #9 readily

said he, ‘‘to tell me that a young man hae! escape as when boiling, sends out intermittant

distinguished himself by a brilliant first} speech, he may goonerbe may be satisiied | with his first triumph, but show me a young! man who has’ not ‘succeeded at first! and yet has goae on, andI will back that: young man to do better than most of those who have succeeded at the first trial.” It -was Watt, the engineer, Who said, ‘ Of all things most wanted in 1 ical engineering was a history of failures, a book of blots ;” and an eminent judge has laid i¢ down that there is a rato which is alrcost the first ‘“ re- quisite for distinvtion In « i and that is, not to be worid a@ shilling.”

Now, in cursorily reviewing the past year, we find that it has been more memorable in po- litical annals, than in anything else, if we ex- cept earthquakes. It witnessed, for the first tine in English history, a measure brought forward by a great Britssh minister involving almost the disruption oi the Empire, and it also witnessed his condemnation by the peo- ple. Itsaw a great chasm suddenly opened in the Liberal ranks, and the re-instalment in power of Couservative administration, and that chiefly by the votes of the working ciass- es, But i now must refer to the, meeting of the British Association at Birmingham, at all times a prominent event in the year, which does not seem this year to have realized the public expectations. The address of the President, Sir William Dawson, was of more interest to a general audience than is usual on these occasions. He gaye to his subject the: attractive title of *‘ The Original History and! him- } self mainly to the grander process of costuog- | ony (or earth making) and physical geography. '

:

| The subject compelied an opening reference

to the earth, and the more astronomical stages '

the snhiec thich i m ‘ snrera| | , . ° . . ak og the subject, which interested all the hearers | of our earth's history, taking his audience |The mad, extending for 40 m*

back te the time when our planet was still in)

|a molten and fluid state, and dry land had not-

yet appeared, he showed »that science had | moved away from the oldegg shell +! 4 - f +)

+? pice a

Regardi, same latic,

it can be ac causes. Kve

‘so far from tl

cirele, produce polar inclinatio growth of profu: fossilated there, : to vegetation co months continuous

Professor G. H. naturalist, reviewe argument very critic. tal cooling process. marein in assessing th existing@tate of thing: continuity of life mast hundred millions of vee. great earthquake in North ceived during the sitting of ciation. Major Powell, dir logical Survey of the United ca, gave the main facts of 1

”

‘Sir William Dawson reme

‘* Phenomena of the present tarbances in America are ext and completely upset some of t set forth in the address I read The rapid movement of the mai wave, which travelled over miles, cave a velocity, in the case rocks, of 140 miles a minute; the ed being equal to one third of the w of the United States. Regarding Dawsor’s addiess, M. C. Meigs, scientist, has an article published in wherein he ciallenges the President's c ions in many respects as regards iu g¢

.of the Atiautic and tie constitution of

earth ; amd to the action of depo

oufis, the scum ‘thickeus, hecrcusing iesistance and the putis become fewer bui larger. Three years ago were the great eruptions in the Sunda Strait, the most gigantic in human ex- perieace, then Etna and Vesuvius became res- tive and lastly comes the news of the sudden calamity’ in New Zealand. Those who have studied the latter say it beara striking resemblance to what history records of the famous out- burst of Vesuvius in A. D. 79, when Pompeii and Heraclea were destroyed, a thick mud in

i by the ion

of the dense clouds of viper and the fine vol-~

canic ashes which ran down into the houses enveloping human victims. In both cases the outbreak wus instantaneous, with little or no

warning. 1 had just iinished reading Froude’s vivid descriptwn in ‘‘Occana” of the

great ridge of Taravera, 3,600 feet high, whose terraces, so exquisite and unrivalled in their variety Ji form end covering, and whose summit had for ages been sacred ground te the Maoris, who carried up their dead to that lovely spot for burial, and where the hot —- seemed to geologists to mark the closing manifestation of volcanic activity,

when news came of the calamity, It seems that at first the most northerly was in

eruption, that soon after the middle peak burst out. more violently, and, travelling southward, found vent in a tremendous explo- sion, whereby the south site of Mount Tara- vera weseplown into air ; then ioliowed other appaliue phenomena. Tie reverberations ceptible at Christ Cuurch, distant o¥U The finer particie: iemained suas- pended in the air several days. “Some heevy blocks of lava were projected 15 and 20 m*" and came out at a red heat, burnin«

were miles.

has on anclysis been *

tilizer, ana

ee = le nanos, Sitahinaatanaes stn osslinanmiesilh a ih iy

os eatin

Ee

a

2